definitions solubilitylabacids and bases solutions 100 200 300 400 500 final jeopardy
DESCRIPTION
Definitions 100 Answer = solutionTRANSCRIPT
Definitions Solubility Lab Acids and Bases
Solutions
100 100 100 100 100
200 200 200 200 200
300 300 300 300 300
400 400 400 400 400
500 500 500 500 500
Final Jeopardy
100 Definitions
A homogeneous mixture of substances in a single phase
Answer
Definitions 100
Answer = solution
200 Definitions
A solution in which the amount of solute present is less than the
maximum possible at that temperature
Answer
Definitions 200
Answer = unsaturated solution
300 Definitions
molarity
Answer
Definitions 300
Moles of solute per liter of solution
400 Definitions
The word “dissolution” meansAnswer
Definitions 400
dissolving
500 Definitions
Describe the structure of a surfactant and how it works.
Give an example of a surfactant.
Answer
Definitions 500 Answer
• A surfactant is a large molecule with one polar end and one nonpolar end.
• It enables mixing of immiscible substances.
• Shampoo is a surfactant.
100 Solubility
What is meant by the phrase “like dissolves like”?
Answer
Solubility 100 Answer
• Substances of similar polarity are miscible.
• Polar dissolves polar.
• Nonpolar dissolves nonpolar.
200 Solubility
Explain the equilibrium that exists in a saturated solution
Answer
Solubility 200
Answer:
solute particles are dissolving and recrystallizing at equal rates
300 Solubility
Explain how you would use a crystal of solute to determine whether the solution of that solute is saturated,
supersaturated or unsaturated.
Answer
Solubility 300
Answer:A crystal added to the solution will:– dissolve in an unsaturated solution– sink to the bottom in a saturated
solution– cause recrystallization to occur in a
supersaturated solution
400 Solubility What is the concentration of a solution which contains 4.00 g
NaOH dissolved to make 500.0 mL of solution?
Answer
Solubility 400 Answer: Molarity = moles
Liters?mole = 4.00 g x 1 mole = 0.100 mol
40.00gM = 0.100 mol = 0.200 M NaOH
0.5000L
500 Solubility
Describe the trends in gas solubility as:
a). Pressure increases
b). Temperature increases
Answer
Solubility 500
Answer:As pressure of the gas above the liquid
increases, solubility of the gas in the liquid increases.
As temperature of the liquid increases, solubility of the gas in the liquid decreases.
100 Lab
Why does ethanol dissolve both water and ethyl acetate, even
though the two are immiscible?
Answer
Answer 100 Lab
• Ethanol has a polar OH end which attracts the polar water molecules and a nonpolar hydrocarbon end which can dissolve the less polar ethyl acetate.
200 Lab
What is the rapid escape of a gas from a liquid in which it was
dissolved?
Answer
200 Lab Answer
• Effervescence
300 Lab
An aqueous sample of unknown solid is mixed with the following
chemicals, giving the colors below. What ion is most likely present in
the sample? K3Fe(CN)6 K4Fe(CN)6 KSCN
Deep blue light blue peach
Answer
Answer 300 Lab
Fe2+ (aq)
iron (II)
400 Lab
What mass of NaCl (MM = 58.44 g/mol) is needed to make 75.0 mL of
2.00M solution?
Answer
Lab 400
Mole= M x L= 2.00 M x 0.0750 L = 0.15000 mol
g = 0.1500 mol x 58.44 g = 8.77g NaCl mol
500 Lab
Describe at least 3 safety precautions to follow when diluting a strong acid.
Answer
Lab 500
Answer:
Wear gloves, goggles, apron or lab coat.Do it under the fume hood, fan on.Always add acid to water.
100 Acids and Bases• Name the most accurate pieces of
glassware for:A. making a solution of a specific volumeB. measuring a small volume of solution which will be diluted.
C. performing a titration
Answer
100 Acids and Bases
Answer:A. Volumetric flask or graduated
cylinderB. pipetC. buret
200 Acids and Bases
Describe 3 properties of Bases, including pH range.
Answer
200 Acids and Bases Answer
• feel slippery• taste bitter• react with acid yield salt +
H2O• pH > 7
300 Acids & Bases
Describe 4 properties of Acids, including pH range
Answer
300 Acids and Bases Answer• Taste sour• pH < 7• React with some metals to produce
H2 gas• React with bases to form a salt +
water
400 Acids & Bases
Name the following. Tell if they are acids or bases, strong or weak.H2SO4 HC2H3O2 NH3 CuOH
Ba(OH)2 HNO3 H2CO3Answer
Acids & Bases 400Answer:
H2SO4 sulfuric acid – strong
HC2H3O2 acetic acid – weak NH3 ammonia – weak base
CuOH copper hydroxide -- weak baseBa(OH)2 barium hydroxide – strong base
HNO3 nitric acid – strong H2CO3 carbonic acid -- weak
Acids & Bases 500
In a titration, 15.00 mL of 2.00 M HCl is used to neutralize 10.00mL of NaOH solution. What was the concentration of the base solution?
Answer
Acids & Bases 500 Answer
Answer:
Moles HCl = moles NaOHMoles HCl = 2.00M x 0.01500L = 0.0300 molMolarity NaOH = mol = 0.0300 mol = 3.00M
L 0.01000LNaOH
100 Solutions
What are the three types of solute particles?
Are they visible to the naked eye?
Answer
Answer 100 Solutions
Molecules, ions, or atoms.No, they cannot be seen with the
naked eye.
Solutions 500
•
• Answer
150 g of RbCl is dissolved in 300 g of water at 30oC. What type of solution is this?
Answer for Solutions 200
The solubility of RbCl at 30oC is 100 g per 100 g H2O. That means that 300 g
would dissolve in 300 g of water. Thus 150 g/100 g of water is
unsaturated.
300 Solutions
What volume of 6.0M HCl is needed to make 3.00 L of
0.500M HCl?Answer in mL.
Answer
Solutions 300
Answer:
MCVC = MDVD
6.0 M x Vc = 0.500 M x 3.00 LVc = 0.25 L = 250 mL of 6.0M HCl
400 Solutions
Describe 3 ways of increasing the rate at which a substance
dissolves.
Answer
400 Solutions Answer
• Increase surface area• Stirring/shaking• Temperature change (usually
increase temp)
Solutions 500
Answer:
82 g KNO3 / 100 g H2O
Solutions 500
•
• Answer
Give the solubility of potassium nitrate at 500C. Estimate to the ones place.
Solutions 500
•
• Answer
Give the solubility of potassium nitrate at 500C. Estimate to the ones place.
Final Jeopardy Substance A dissolves in water.
Substance B dissolves in oil. Substances A and B are
immiscible.Make a generalization about the polarities of substance A
and substance B.Explain! Answer
Final Jeopardy Answer
• Since H2O is polar, substance A must be polar.
• Since A and B are immiscible, as are oil and water, B must be nonpolar.
Answer
The solubility of ammonia, NH3, is 90 g/100 g of water at 0oC. Draw the solubility curve for this substance.
Answer Potpourri 500