dedicated mcm force issues: force structure & modernization
TRANSCRIPT
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Dedicated MCM Force Issues: Dedicated MCM Force Issues:
Force Structure Force Structure &&
ModernizationModernization
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OutlineOutline
• Role of Dedicated & Organic MCM Forces
• Dedicated Force Structure Requirements
• Recent Changes - Shifts in Planning
• Dedicated Force Modernization
• Future Transitions
• Conclusion
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Organic and Dedicated MCM systems Today have separate roles
MCM RolesMCM Roles(Organic vs. Dedicated)(Organic vs. Dedicated)
• Organic MCM Systems– CVBG/ARG defense
• Locate & avoid potential threat areas• Punch-Through / Egress if mine threat is encountered
• Dedicated MCM Forces– High level clearance of larger areas / multiple regions– Enable maritime force penetration and sustained operations
in a mine threat environment– Follow-on Clearance for Joint & Strategic Objectives
• Joint / Combined Force access, logistics and sustainment• Humanitarian Relief• Resuming Commerce
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MCM CapabilitiesMCM Capabilities (Organic vs. Dedicated)(Organic vs. Dedicated)
Organic• Environment
– Blue Water
• Capabilities– High Area Coverage Rate for
Floating/Drifting Mines– Reconn for Moored/Bottom Mines– Limited Punch Through
• Supported Operations– Choke Point Egress– Limited CVBG/ESF OPAREAs
Dedicated• Environment
– Blue Water (Deep)– Littoral (High Burial/Clutter)
• Capabilities– High Area Coverage Rate for
Moored/Bottom Mine Reconn – Full Clearance of Large OPAREAs
& Long Q-Routes– Rapid Sweep / High Clearance
Levels for ALL Bottom Conditions
• Supported Operations– SPOD approaches/SLOCs– CVBG/ESF OPAREAs– Amphibious Assault– Strategic Sealift SPODs– C/J/MLOTs– TBMD/FSA Boxes– Harbors / Ports
Organic & Dedicated MCM Systems Have Separate
Capabilities in the Near Term
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Environment Drives TacticsEnvironment Drives Tactics(Hunt vs. Sweep)(Hunt vs. Sweep)
(High Power)(High Power)
(Station Time/Combat Rad)(Station Time/Combat Rad)
Large Combat Radius, High Power, High Speed Sweeping Platforms Offer the Best Advantage for Maximum Clearance & Minimum Time / Risk in a
Less than Optimal Environment
(High Speed)(High Speed)
Bottom Conditions (Clutter, Roughness, Burial)Bottom Conditions (Clutter, Roughness, Burial)ExcellentExcellent PoorPoor
Cle
ara
nce
Le
vel (
%)
Cle
ara
nce
Le
vel (
%)
100100
00
5050
Blue WaterBlue Water Littoral (Brown Water)Littoral (Brown Water)
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HUNTING Level of Effort(How Bottom Conditions Effect Mine Hunting a Port Channel)
Recon Recon ObjectiveObjective
64%64%
Clearance Clearance ObjectiveObjective
95%95%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Days Weeks Months
Time to Clear
Cle
aran
ce L
evel
(%
)
Type A1
Type B1
Type C1
Type D1
90
100
AMCMAMCMSweepingSweeping95%95%
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• Role of Dedicated & Organic MCM Forces
Dedicated Force Structure Requirements
• Recent Changes - Shifts in Planning
• Dedicated Force Modernization
• Future Transitions
• Conclusion
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Dedicated MCM Force Performance in OIFDedicated MCM Force Performance in OIF
• Total Assets– 2 MCMRONs– CMWC OPDET– 2 AMCM Squadrons– 14 SMCM Ships (8 U.S. and 6 U.K.)– 8 U.S. EOD dets (plus U.K. and AUS dets)– NSCT ONE
• Umm Qsar Q-Route Effort– MCM missions conducted during ongoing combat operations– MH-53Es towing MK-106 mine sweeping sleds completed
clearance against the bottom Influence threat in less than 2 Days– Allied SMCM
• Conducted Hunting Operations for Moored & Bottom Mines• Conducted Channel Conditioning to clear remaining Bottom Objects
– UMCM cleared Umm Qsar harbor– Interdiction was key to success
• Disrupted Iraqi Plan to lay hundreds of mines• Fewer than 10 mines total were found
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OIF vs. Other OPLANsOIF vs. Other OPLANs
• OIF required clearance of 1 Q-Route• Several OPLANs require over 5 times the Q-Route
effort tasked in OIF• Other tasks in addition to Q-Routes include:
– Large OPAREAs• CVOAs• AOAs
– Multiple TBMD / FSA areas– C/J/MLOTS areas
• CMWC force level analysis validates the need for the current level of AMCM, SMCM & UMCM Dedicated forces to execute a single OPLAN
Current Dedicated Force Structure meets Current Dedicated Force Structure meets minimum requirements for DPG / OPLANsminimum requirements for DPG / OPLANs
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• Role of Dedicated & Organic MCM Forces
• Dedicated Force Structure Requirements
Recent Changes - Shifts in Planning
• Dedicated Force Modernization
• Future Transitions
• Conclusion
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Recent Changes – Shifts in PlanningRecent Changes – Shifts in Planning
• New Environmental Data– Collected during USS Inchon WESTPAC ’01
deployment and during white hull surveys– Indicates poorer mine hunting conditions than
estimated in original OPLAN analysis– Result:
• More sweeping is required than originally planned to achieve clearance objectives
• Level of effort & clearance timelines may increase
• Increasing Homeland Security/Defense Requirement– Operational planning now includes apportionment
of dedicated for homeland defense
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• Role of Dedicated & Organic MCM Forces
• Dedicated Force Structure Requirements
• Recent Changes - Shifts in Planning
Dedicated Force Modernization
• Future Transitions
• Conclusion
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AMCM ModernizationAMCM Modernization
• Recent system upgrades are Highly Successful– Upgrade of the MK-106 Mod 4 was Critical to
Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF):• System Availability significantly improved• Accounted for ALL of U.S. sweeping in OIF• Achieved the FULL clearance objective against the
bottom threat in the Umm Qsar Q-Route in 2 days
– AQS-14 Upgrade to AQS-24 provides I.D. capability, improved resolution and higher system reliability
• MH-53E SLEP is required to continue Dedicated AMCM capability beyond 2008
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SMCM ModernizationSMCM Modernization
• Re-Engining is required NOW & is Behind schedule– Both engine types I.F. & Waukesha require replacement
• I.F. engine MTBF rate < 400 hrs• Waukesha parts no longer available
• Sweep System upgrades– Acoustic Sweep– Mag Cables– Stern Hydraulics
• Other Combat Systems– Com/Nav upgrades– SQQ-32 Software– OK-520 Winch
• ILS Support– Too many parts are not carried by supply system (J-Coded)– Long lead time due to:
• Not readily available in the commercial market• Required to be manufactured with special alloys (non-ferrous)
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UMCM ModernizationUMCM Modernization
• Continue to fund 8 MCM EOD Det & MMS Capability
• Fully Field NSCT ONE Capability– Small Boats– UUVs
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• Role of Dedicated & Organic MCM Forces
• Dedicated Force Structure Requirements
• Recent Changes - Shifts in Planning
• Dedicated Force Modernization
Future Transitions
• Conclusion
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Near Term Near Term (Next 5 Yrs)(Next 5 Yrs)
• Organic systems will have taken over 15 years to develop and deliver if they remain on schedule for fielding in FY06.
• Organic systems will provide the Battle Group with a critical MCM capability that it does not have today. However:– Organic systems are hunt centric, designed/optimized for
operations in an excellent hunting environment– Marginal to Poor environmental conditions exist in the
majority of OPLAN littoral areas – in these areas Organic system performance will be degraded
• Dedicated systems must be FULLY resourced in the near term to preclude capability gaps and increased risk to OPLANs
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Mid TermMid Term(5 – 10 Yrs)(5 – 10 Yrs)
• It is envisioned that several years of additional development will be required before technology will enable MCM systems to operate on smaller Organic platforms and meet / exceed today’s Dedicated system capability.
• During the Mid term:– Dedicated & Organic capability will be required– Technology advances envisioned to enable Far term
shifts in roles (merge of systems, platforms)
Near & Mid term capability must include both Dedicated & Organic systems
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Dedicated Force RequirementDedicated Force Requirement
• Near / Mid Term (5 – 10 Yrs)– Maintain & Modernize Dedicated Forces in High Risk
Areas• Prevent Gaps in Capability• Both Dedicated & Organic systems and platforms can
leverage off of new technology
– Field Organic capability to perform the Organic Role
• Far Term (> 10 Yrs)– Merge Dedicated and Organic Forces
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ConclusionConclusion
• Organic and Dedicated MCM systems have separate roles Today:– Organic: CVBG/ARG defense in lower threat deep water (Reconn & Punch-Through)– Dedicated: Full/Sustained Clearance in littoral & blue water environment
• Larger-scale maritime operations• Supports Joint/Combined operations
• Significant technology advances must occur before Organic will be able to perform Dedicated force capabilities
• Dedicated MCM force structure is minimum required for DPG. Any reduction in Dedicated forces in the Near Term will result in increased risk to OPLAN execution
• Recent changes place increased demand on Dedicated forces– New environmental data indicates poorer mine hunting conditions in all AORs– Homeland Security / Defense requirement increasing
• Dedicated forces require continued modernization to ensure readinessCMWC Priorities:– AMCM SLEP– SMCM Re-Engining and Combat System Upgrades– UMCM full NSCT Capability
• Organic does NOT replace Dedicated in near or mid termOrganic does NOT replace Dedicated in near or mid term• Dedicated requires continued modernizationDedicated requires continued modernization
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Questions?Questions?
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Ship of OpportunityShip of Opportunity(Integrated USMC/MCM Force Package)(Integrated USMC/MCM Force Package)
• Integrated USMC / MCM Force Package is being developed / validated– CMWC working with MCCDC– Next validation during west coast JTFEX– Follow-on validation during east coast JTFEX with HSV and SoO
• Structure– MCM triad
• AMCM, SMCM, UMCM (Incl NSCT ONE)• Intel / Logistics / IMA support
– ACE –– Infantry Battalion
• Missions– MCS for MCM triad
• C2 with Flag and/or MCMRON Staff(s) embarked• Force protection for MCM assets
– ISR– Special Operations / Exploitation– MIO (incl monitoring for re-seeding)– Green/Blue Crown