dc-dc and dc-ac pwm converters

8/13/2019 DC-DC and DC-AC PWM Converters

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Circuit Description

The system consists of three independent circuits illustrating various PWM DC/DC andDC/AC inverters. All converters are controlled in open loop with the Discrete PWM

Generator block available in the Extras/Discrete Control Blocks library. The three circuits

use the same DC voltage (Vdc = 400V), carrier frequency (1080 Hz) and modulation index(m = 0.8) . From top to bottom, the three circuits are:

1. DC/DC, two-quadrant converter (one-arm; two-switches) 2. DC/AC, half-bridge, bipolar

converter (one-arm; two-switches) 3. DC/AC, full-bridge, monopolar converter (two-arms;four-switches)

In order to allow further signal processing, signals displayed on the three Scope blocks

(sampled at simulation sampling rate of 3240 samples/cycle) are stored in three variables

named 'psb1phPWM1_str' , 'psb1phPWM2_str' and 'psb1phPWM3_str' (structures withtime).


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Demonstration

Run the simulation and observe the following two waveforms on the three Scope blocks:

current into the load (trace 1), voltage generated by the PWM inverter (trace 2).

Once the simulation is completed, open the Powergui and select "FFT Analysis" to displaythe 0 - 5000 Hz frequency spectrum of signals saved in the three "psb1phPWMx_str"structures. The FFT will be performed on a 2-cycle window starting at t = 0.1 - 2/60 (last 2

cycles of recording). For each circuit, select Input labeled "V inverter" . Click on "Display"

and observe the frequency spectrum of last 2 cycles.

The fundamental component of V inverter (DC component in case of circuit 1) is displayed

above the spectrum window. Compare the magnitude of the fundamental or DC component

of the inverter voltage with the theoretical values given in the circuit. Compare also theharmonic contents in the inverter voltage for the half-bridge and the full-bridge DC/AC

inverters.

The half-bridge inverter generates a bipolar voltage (-200V or +200V) . Harmonics occur

around the carrier frequency (1080 Hz +- k*60 Hz), with a maximum of 103% at 1080 Hz.

The full-bridge inverter generates a monopolar voltage varying between 0 and+400V for

one half cycle and then between 0 and -400V for the next half cycle. For the same DCvoltage and modulation index, the fundamental component magnitude is twice the value

obtained with the half-bridge. Harmonics generated by the full-bridge are lower and they

appear at double of the carrier frequency (maximum of 40% at 2*1080+-60 Hz) As a result,

the current obtained with the full-bridge is "cleaner".

If you now perform a FFT on the signal "Iload" you will notice that the THD of loadcurrent is 7.3% for the half-bridge inverter as compared to only 2% for the full-bridgeinverter.


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Buck-Boost DC/DC Converter:

En la grfica anterior se ve cmo Frequency of output voltaje es 0 Hz puesto que se trata de un

convertidor DC-DC.


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Scope1:


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Con mayor zoom:


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DC/AC Half-Bridge Inverter:


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Scope2:


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Con mayor zoom:


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La carrier o portadora tiene una frecuencia de 1080 Hz por lo cual aparece un armnico

significativo a esa frecuencia en el FTT anlisis anterior.

Con mayor zoom la grfica anterior del voltaje (onda roja):


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DC/AC Full-Bridge Inverter:


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Scope3:


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Con mayor zoom:


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La figura anterior, que es la onda de corriente con Puente Completo es ms limpia de armnicos

(THD=2.03%) que la de Medio Puente (THD=7.3%).


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Con mayor zoom la grfica anterior del voltaje (onda roja):


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dc-dc and dc-ac pwm converters

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