day 2 reproductive systems
TRANSCRIPT
Reproductive Systems
Human Reproduction and Childbirth
Today
Review male reproductive anatomy
View a video on human reproduction, fertilization, pregnancy and childbirth
Do the review sheet found in your Google Classroom
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
EXTERNAL MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
Penis ▶ The male organ for sexual intercourse,
reproduction, and urination. ▶ The reproductive purpose of the penis is to
deposit semen in the vagina during sexual intercourse.
▶ The head of the penis or glans contains many nerve endings.
▶ At birth, the glans is covered by a loosely fitting skin called the foreskin.
▶ When a male gets excited the penis becomes engorged with blood, causing the penis to be stiff and hard.
Scrotum
▶ A sac-like pouch located behind the penis that holds each testes and helps regulate temperature for sperm production.
▶ Needs to be 1 ½ degrees cooler than body temperature to produce sperm.
Testicles or Testes▶ The two testes are small organs
about the size of a peach pit that lie in the scrotum and produce sperm and male hormone testosterone. The testicles are the male sex gland.
▶ Each testes has about 1 mile of tubing.
▶ Produce 1 – 10 million sperm per day.
INTERNAL MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
Testosterone▶ The male reproductive hormone made by the
testicles which causes the changes of puberty. (Counterpart to female estrogen and progesterone).
▶ This hormone causes secondary sex characteristics, production of sperm, sexual urge.
▶ Testosterone is produced in the testicles and enters the bloodstream at a fairly constant rate.
Sperm▶ The microscopic cells produced by the male’s testicles which can fertilize
the female’s ovum.
▶ They are tiny, living cells 100 times smaller than a pencil dot. Enough sperm would fit on the head of a pin to re-populate the earth if each sperm fertilized an egg.
▶ Sperm is the male reproductive cell or seed (counterpart to female ovum).
▶ Can swim 1 inch every 8 minutes.
▶ Can live inside the female for about 5 days
▶ The average ejaculation contains close to 100 million sperm.
▶ Men who have fewer than 20 million sperm per milliliter of semen may be at risk for having infertility issues
Epididymis▶ The structure that forms a mass
over the back and upper part of each testes.
▶ Sperm may be held for as long as six weeks while they ripen to maturity.
▶ Here, they gain the ability to swim.
▶ The epididymis can be felt when doing a testicular exam
Testicular Self-Exam
▶ Testicular cancer is RARE▶ Usually seen in males
between the ages of 15 and 35
▶ Easily diagnosed and treated▶ Symptoms include lump or
feeling of heaviness in the scrotum, dull ache in abdomen or groin
Seminal Vesicles▶ Two small glands
that secrete a sugary fluid that nourishes and enables the sperm to move.
Cowper’s Gland▶ Two small pea-sized
glands located beneath the prostate gland on both sides of the base of the penis.
▶ They secrete a clear, sticky fluid that adds lubrication.
Prostate Gland▶ Surrounds the urethra beneath the
bladder.
▶ The gland secretes an alkaline (milky) fluid that neutralizes the acid found in the male urethra and the female reproductive tract.
▶ Protects the sperm from the hostile female environment.
▶ Common site of cancer in males over the age of 50
▶ Prostate exam is a rectal exam by a healthcare professional
Vas Deferens▶ Two long, thin tubes that serve as
a passageway for sperm.
▶ About 18 inches long.
▶ Receive sperm from the epididymis and carry to the urethra
▶ A VASECTOMY is a minor surgical sterilization procedure. A small portion of the vas deferens is snipped to interrupt the flow of sperm from the epididymis.
▶ The male is still able to discharge semen when ejaculating, as all the other male reproductive glands contribute fluid to the ejaculate
Urethra▶ Dual purpose tube that
both semen and urine pass through to leave the body.
▶ Semen and urine never mix.
▶ Special muscles or sphincters surround the urethra.
▶ When a male has an erection, he can not urinate.
Circumcision▶ Process that surgically
removes the flap of skin that covers the glans of the penis.
▶ May reduce the risk of infection and spread of STIs
▶ Intact men must retract the foreskin to keep area beneath the foreskin clean
▶ Smegma collects under the foreskin if not kept clean
▶ Ejaculation/Orgasm: the passage of sperm from the penis, a result of a series of muscular contractions. Pleasurable.
▶ Semen: a combination of fluid that is produced in the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and Cowper’s gland. This fluid nourishes and helps sperm move through the urethra.
▶ Nocturnal Emission (wet dream): a normal, involuntary ejaculation of semen while a male is asleep. Only a teaspoon of sticky fluid.
▶ Sterility: The failure of sperm to fertilize an egg. Has many causes.
▶ Erectile dysfunction: Inability to get or maintain an erection. Also called impotence.
Functions of the Male Reproductive System
Video: Human Reproduction and Childbirth
The video will
● Review male and female anatomy● Discuss fertilization, pregnancy, fetal development, and
childbirth.● Here’s the video (21 minutes)
Complete your worksheet for the video
Look in your Google Classroom
“Day 2: Human Reproduction and Childbirth”