human body systems. how many human body systems are there? digestive reproductive digestive...
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How many human body How many human body systems are there?systems are there?
Digestive Digestive ReproductiveReproductive
RespiratoryRespiratory NervousNervousExcretoryExcretory EndocrineEndocrineCirculatoryCirculatorySkeletalSkeletalMuscularMuscular
NutritionNutritionNutrients Nutrients are substances in are substances in food that provide raw food that provide raw materials and energy the body materials and energy the body needs to carry out all essential needs to carry out all essential processes.processes.There are six kinds of nutrients: There are six kinds of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.vitamins, minerals, and water.
CarbohydratesCarbohydrates
Example Example Sugar Sugar and Starchesand Starches
Function Function main main source of energy of source of energy of life processeslife processes
FatFatNutrient Nutrient Fat FatExample Example oils, butter, cream oils, butter, creamFunctions Functions A reserve energy A reserve energy supply, building material for supply, building material for certain cell structurescertain cell structures
ProteinProteinExample Example Meat, eggs, Meat, eggs, beans, milk, fishbeans, milk, fish
Functions Functions supplies supplies amino acids which make amino acids which make new cells and body new cells and body chemicals, repair and chemicals, repair and maintains body tissuesmaintains body tissues
VitaminsVitamins
Example Example A, B, C, D, K A, B, C, D, KFunctions Functions Necessary Necessary for good health and a for good health and a healthy body, lack of a healthy body, lack of a vitamin can cause diseasevitamin can cause disease
MineralsMinerals
Example Example Calcium, Calcium, iron, potassiumiron, potassium
Functions Functions Regulate Regulate body functions, needed body functions, needed for structure of body for structure of body parts, maintain good parts, maintain good healthhealth
WaterWaterFunctions Functions Dissolves and Dissolves and transports materials transports materials in the body which is in the body which is 70% water, needed 70% water, needed for chemical for chemical reactions in the bodyreactions in the body
Digestive SystemDigestive System Is responsible for breaking Is responsible for breaking
down food into molecules down food into molecules the body can use. the body can use.
Then the molecules are Then the molecules are absorbed into the blood absorbed into the blood and carried throughout and carried throughout the body.the body.
Finally, wastes are Finally, wastes are eliminated from the body eliminated from the body
Digestive SystemDigestive SystemThere are several parts:There are several parts:
MouthMouthPancreas Pancreas
EsophagusEsophagus Large Large IntestineIntestine
StomachStomachSmall IntestineSmall IntestineLiverLiver
Mouth & Salivary Mouth & Salivary GlandsGlandsFunction: Physical and Function: Physical and
Chemical breakdown of foodChemical breakdown of foodPhysicalPhysical when your teeth when your teeth are breaking down the foodare breaking down the food
ChemicalChemical the breakdown the breakdown of complex molecules into of complex molecules into simple (by simple (by enzymesenzymesAmylase)Amylase)
EsophagusEsophagusConnects the mouth to the Connects the mouth to the
stomachstomachEpiglottisEpiglottis seals off your seals off your
windpipe, preventing the food windpipe, preventing the food from entering.from entering.
PeristalsisPeristalsis waves of muscle waves of muscle contractions- pushes food contractions- pushes food through the to the stomachthrough the to the stomach
StomachStomachJ- shaped, muscular pouchJ- shaped, muscular pouchPepsin & ProteasePepsin & Protease enzyme digests proteinsenzyme digests proteins
Hydrochloric Acid Hydrochloric Acid strong strong acid helps protease, kills acid helps protease, kills bacteria bacteria
Mucus Mucus coats and protects coats and protects the lining of the stomachthe lining of the stomach
Small IntestinesSmall IntestinesCompletes chemical digestion, Completes chemical digestion,
food is absorbed and transported food is absorbed and transported to cells by blood.to cells by blood.
Produces protease, amylase, Produces protease, amylase, lipase enzymeslipase enzymes
Long & folded increase surface Long & folded increase surface area. Tiny finger-like=villi cover area. Tiny finger-like=villi cover inner surface increase surface inner surface increase surface area.area.
Liver Liver Produces chemicals needed Produces chemicals needed for digestionfor digestion
LiverLiver breaks down breaks down medicines & produces bilemedicines & produces bile
BileBile breaks down fat breaks down fat particles & neutralizes particles & neutralizes stomach acidstomach acid
PancreasPancreasTriangular shaped organ, Triangular shaped organ, between stomach and between stomach and small intestinessmall intestines
Produces enzymes Produces enzymes (protease, amylase, (protease, amylase, lipase) that flow into the lipase) that flow into the small intestinessmall intestines
Large IntestinesLarge Intestines1 1 ½ meters long (as long ½ meters long (as long as a bathtub) as a bathtub)
Absorbs excess water, Absorbs excess water, collects undigested food collects undigested food for removal from bodyfor removal from body