SAPs Data DictionaryLearning to use it effectively

FSS Technical Peer Group Meeting Wednesday November 13, 2002 Carolyn Fuller

IntroductionTo know an application is to know its data Data dictionary holds key to performance Data dictionary tools reduce custom programming

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AgendaThe SAP Data Model Data Filtration SAP Indexes Building Custom Tables/Simple Apps

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Vocabulary

Relational Database Indexes Unique Index Primary Key Foreign Key (Check Table) One-to-Many Relationship Recursive Relationship Client Dependent View Cluster4 11/13/2002

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KNA1KUNNR

KNB1

The Data ModelBKPFBUKRS BELNR GJAHR

BUKRS KUNNR

BSID

BUKRS KUNNR..

BSAD

BUKRS KUNNR..

BSEG PRPS ZSDBHEADPRIME_CONTRACT PSPNR STUFE FAKKZ

BUKRS BELNR GJAHR BUZEI

ZSDBLINEPRIME_CONTRACT MATERIAL

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The SAP Data Model

Transactional Data One-to-Many One header row to many line items

Master Data One-to-Many One master to many company code masters One master to many transaction line items

Recursive data One parent to many children & grandchildren

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Report ExampleHeaders

Line Items

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One Should be DriverAll the WBS (billable and non-billable) Each WBS looks up its parent

Billable WBS

Billable WBS finds children, grandchildren

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Recursive RelationshipBilling Element

Billing Element

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PRHI - WBS EdgesWBS 6900000 6900027 6900028 6900029 6900030 6900037 6900038 Project 6900000 6900000 6900000 6900000 6900000 6900000 6900000 6900000 6900027 6900028 6900028 6900000 6900037 6900038 6900039 UP DOWN 6900054 6900028 6900040 6900030 6900040 6900054 6900029 6900027 6900037 xxxxxxx LEFT RIGHT

69000396900040 6900054 6900055

69000006900000 6900000 6900000

69000386900028 6900000 6900054 6900055 6900030 6900037

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Filtering Data Billing Example

Move filter to beginning of program

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Filtering Data MM ExampleUnfiltered

Filtered12 11/13/2002

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SAP IndexesPrimary Key Secondary Indexes Secondary Index Tables Foreign Key

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Secondary Index TablePrimary Key & Unique Index

Secondary Indexes

Foreign Key

Client

Foreign Keys Check Table

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BSIDs Secondary IndexesUnique flag

BSID-1 Index for logical database15 11/13/2002

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Recursive Resolution TableForeign Keys

Check Tables

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BKPF Primary & Foreign KeysPrimary Key with Foreign Key Primary Key Foreign Key Table Fields

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COVP Useful Secondary Index

WBS 4579002

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COVP Primary & Foreign KeysPrimary Key with Foreign Key Table Fields

Primary Key

Foreign Keys

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Additional Useful Indexeshttp://fuller.mit.edu/SAPDocs/indexes.htm

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Building Custom Tables

Create Header Table Create Line Item Table Create Maintainable Views for Header & Items SE54 - Extended Table Maintenance for Views Program & Activate Event User Exits Data validations

SE54 - Create View Cluster SM34 - Maintain View Cluster SF8 View Cluster name is ZSDBLINE_VC

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Create Header TableClient Search help can be attached to Field or Field type Custom field type allows custom documentation

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Custom Search HelpDefined in Data type

Function Module

Will display contract # and customer PO

Defined in Search help

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Custom Field DocumentationDefined in Data type

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Create Line Item TableForeign Key

Foreign Keys Check Table

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Create Maintainable ViewNot the default!

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View Fields

Maintenance Attribute (MF)

Header fields - S will be read only on line itemsFSS Technical Peer Group Meeting 27 11/13/2002

Extended Table MaintenanceSE54 - Generated ObjectsMaintainable View

Create an Include via SE38

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Modify Function PoolSAPLfunction_group

Uncomment

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Modify Lfunction_groupFXXSE80 - Function group

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EventsSE54 -> Environment -> Events

Create View ClusterSE54 -> Edit viewcluster

Object structure

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Generated Field DependencesHeader - ZSDBHEAD_V

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Generated Field DependencesHeader - ZSDBLINE_V

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View Cluster - Line Items SM34

Header

Line Items

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Summary

Know your program driver Find the One in the application data model

Filter the data early in the program Know the indexes available in an area If you cant use the primary index there are usually other indexes

Use the SAP supplied tools when possible38 11/13/2002

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Where to Get More Information

BC430 ABAP Dictionary Tomorrow in Waltham (11/14 - 11/15) January 9 - 10, 2003 Waltham

My personal favorite, the book Object-Oriented Systems Analysis - Modeling the World of Data by Sally Shlaer & Stephen Mello

Available, used on www.amazon.com39 11/13/2002

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