data collection efforts...2018/08/08 · • reception center • reception centers usually operate...
TRANSCRIPT
JULY RESULTS OF DETENTION SCREENING TOOL
27% (16 of 59)of youth scored in the high range (14+ points)
31% (18) youth were detained
Had an overall detention override rate of 14% (6 of 42) (calculated as the % of youth who scored as
low or moderate who were detained)
6 of the overrides were eligible for release or alternative, but placed in a more restrictive detention
setting. Again, domestic incidents where youth were unable to return home for safety reasons was
the most common reason for detention, which indicates a shelter would be worth considering.
There were 8 overrides down that were eligible for an alternative or detention, but were released
with a citation. The most common reason for the release was that a mental health bed was
available, juvenile was injured and taken for treatment and the juvenile needed to be in school
31% (18) of the referrals came from neighborhood-based incidents; 29% (17) from shopping
malls/retail stores; 19% (11) came from homes; 10% (6) from vehicles; (1) from schools; and (1)
“other”
Breakdown of the schools attended by those referred to Intake, in this order: Jacksonville High,
Jacksonville Middle, Sylvan Hills High, McClellan, J.A. Fair, NLR High, NLR Middle
FURTHER BREAKDOWN
35 Male, 24 Female
50 Black, 9 White
Age range of 12-17
Had 14 night curfew violations and 1 day curfew violation
Most common home zip codes: 72076, 72204, 72209, 72114, 72117, 72118
Most common location of offense zip codes: 72076, 72209, 72114, 72213, 72118, 72204,
72120, 72206
Most common charges were Theft of Property, Domestic Battery 3rd, Fleeing, Possession of a
Handgun by a Minor, Disorderly Conduct, and Residential Burglary
* Zip code map provided
JULY OVERRIDE CALCULATION
RAI Score
Group
Number Screened Number Overridden to
Alternative to Detention
Number Overridden
to
Detention
Override Rate
0-7 points
Release
33 0 4 4/33=12%
8-13 points
Alternative to
Detention
9 0 2 2/9=22%
Total 0-13 42 0 6 6/42=14%
DETENTION SCREENING INSTRUMENT RESULTS FOR JUNE
13% (11 of 86)of youth scored in the high range (14+ points) 29% (25) youth were detained Had an overall detention override rate of 23% (17 of 75) (calculated as the % of youth who scored as low or moderate who
were detained) 17 of the overrides were eligible for release or alternative, but placed in a more restrictive detention setting (2 were due to a
mandatory statutory hold due to possession of a handgun) There were 12 overrides down that were eligible for an alternative or detention, but were released with a citation. The most
common reason for the release was that a parent/guardian was available. On the discretionary overrides, domestic incidents where youth were unable to return home for safety reasons was again the
most common reason, which indicates a shelter would be worth considering. 47% (40) of the referrals came from neighborhood-based incidents; 22% (19) came from homes; 14% (12) from shopping
malls/retail stores; 8% (7) from vehicles; (3) from streets, hwy or public space; (2) from parks; (2) from schools; and one from a residential area
Breakdown of the schools attended by those referred to Intake, in this order: Jacksonville High, Jacksonville Middle, McClellanHigh, Hall High, Sylvan Hills High
Further breakdown: 63 Male, 23 Female 67 Black, 19 White Age range of 12-17 Had 10 night curfew violations and 1 day curfew violation Most common home zip codes: 72076, 72209, 72117, 72204, 72120, 72116 Most common location of offense zip codes: 72076, 72209, 72117, 72204, 72120, 72116, 72113 Most common charges were Theft of Property, Domestic Battery 3rd, Fleeing, and Theft by Receiving
RAI Score
Group
Number Screened Number Overridden to
Alternative to Detention
Number Overridden
to
Detention
Override Rate
0-7 points
Release
57 0 12 10/75=16%
8-13 points
Alternative to
Detention
18 0 5 5/18=28%
Total 0-13 75 0 17 17/75=23%
63
23
Gender of Youth in June 2018
Male
Female
27%
73%67
19
Race of Youth in June 2018
Black
White
22%
78%
1
85
Ethnicity of Youth in June 2018
Hispanic
Non-Hispanic
1%
99%
2
16
37
4
10
6
9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
ASP JXPD LRPD MPD NLRPD PCPD SPD
Num
ber
of
Arr
est
s in
June 2
018
Arresting Agency
Number of Arrests by Agency
19
40
21
2
12
3
7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Home Neighborhood Park Residential Area School Shopping Mall/RetailStore
Street, Highway, orPublic Space
Vehicle
Nu
mb
er o
f O
ffen
ses
in J
un
e 2
01
8
Location
Location of Offenses
LOCATION OF OFFENSE DEFINITIONS:
• School Based Incident - meaning school, school bus, or bus stop.
• Home Based Incident- incident occurring within juvenile's home or immediate vicinity.
• Neighborhood Based Incident- trouble or incident with neighbors within a one or two block radius of juvenile's home.
• Shopping Mall/Retail Store- incident occurring inside building or individual store.
• Business Establishment Involved Occurrence- meaning criminal trespass, breaking/entering, TOP, burglary, TBR,
robbery, assault at business other than mall/retail store or an entertainment venue.
• Entertainment Venue- such as movie theatre, skating rink, bowling alley, concert, or Dave & Buster's type facility.
• Outdoor Festival- county fair or street festival.
• Vehicle Involved Incident- meaning vehicular theft, TBR, breaking/entering, fleeing, car jacking, unauthorized use,
reckless driving, and etc.
• Residence Involved Occurrence- Not Involving juvenile's home such as criminal trespass, breaking or entering, burglary,
robbery, assault.
• Residential Area Based Incident- of whatever nature.
• Street, Highway, or Public Space Incident- of whatever nature.
• Park Related Incident- of whatever nature.
17
11
10
8
8
5
5
5
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
3
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
72076
72209
72204
72117
72120
72113
72116
72205
72206
72211
72114
72126
72207
72210
72223
72227
Unknown
Number of Offenses
Zip Code
Zip Codes Where Offenses Occur
17
14
8
7
6
6
4
4
4
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
72076
72209
72117
72204
72116
72120
72113
72205
72211
72114
72126
72206
72223
72002
72118
72210
72227
Other
Unknown
Number of Youth
Zip Code
Zip Codes Where Youth Reside
1
2 2 2
1
6
1 1
7
2
7
2
6
4
1
2
3
11
3
1
5
1
12
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Num
ber
of
Off
enders
in J
une 2
018
Schools
Schools Attended
ALTERNATIVES TO DETENTION• Home Detention
• Home or Community detention is a form of community-based supervision that can serve as the lesser restrictive ATD and can be used in combination
with other alternatives.
• Electronic Monitoring/GPS
• Electronic monitoring and GPS can be an effective and cost efficient alternative to detention. Technology has advanced to allow for both passive and
active systems that can alert appropriate individuals about the location of youth. Electronic monitoring is often used for surveillance of house arrest
and curfew conditions
• Placement Coordination
• Placement coordination typically occurs prior to detention hearings and seeks to facilitate releases from detention for youth who can safely be
released with an appropriate ATD. This staffing includes a placement coordinator/expeditor, defense representation, prosecutor and other system
representatives relevant to staffed cases. The purpose of the staffing is to review the RAI score and discuss a pretrial release plan.
• Day/Evening Reporting Center
• Day and evening reporting centers target youth needing extra supervision during the day and/or evening. A combination of programming is
available to youth and the centers are usually community-based and operated by a youth-service agency.
• Shelter/Foster Care Beds
• Short-term respite or crisis beds are ATDs reserved for those youth who do not need to be securely detained, but do not have a viable home
environment to return to pending adjudication.
• Reception Center
• Reception centers usually operate 24hours/7day/week as an alternative to detention for screening youth who do not meet the criteria for detention.
Law enforcement can release arrested youth to the Reception Center staff who typically are trained social workers and whose main role is to screen
youth, work to reunify youth with a parent or guardian, explain the next steps and offer counseling if appropriate.
ALTERNATIVES TO DETENTION
• The 2015 changes to Ark Code Ann § 9-27-322(a) allows intake officers to use
discretion to send the arrestee home on an electronic monitor or place juvenile in
shelter care if unable to locate the juvenile’s parent/guardian.
• How is electronic monitor funded and who attaches monitor and explains conditions of
monitor release?
• What shelters are available?
• Intake officers have authority to allow arrestee to return home upon written
conditions and return to court within a short period for an expedited hearing.
• Intake and Judges will have to determine parameters and implementation method of
written conditions.
• Would allow for reduction in short stays in detention where we know youth are likely to be
released at detention hearing and could help expedite first appearances of youth and
connection to services
8 CORE STRATEGIES OF JDAI• Promoting collaboration between juvenile court officials, probation agencies, prosecutors,
defense attorneys, schools, community organizations and advocates;
• Using rigorous data collection and analysis to guide decision making;
• Utilizing objective admissions criteria and risk-assessment instruments to determine whether
youth should be placed into secure detention facilities;
• Implementing new or expanded alternatives to detention programs — such as day and
evening reporting centers, home confinement and shelter care — that can be used in lieu of
locked detention;
• Instituting case processing reforms to expedite the flow of cases through the system;
• Reducing the number of youth detained for probation rule violations or failing to appear in
court, and the number held in detention awaiting transfer to a residential facility;
• Combatting racial and ethnic disparities by examining data to identify policies and practices
that may disadvantage youth of color at various stages of the process, and pursuing
strategies to ensure a more level playing field for youth regardless of race or ethnicity;
• Monitoring and improving conditions of confinement in detention facilities.
PULASKI COUNTY RECOMMENDATIONS CONTAINED IN COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM-COLLECTING AND STRATEGICALLY USING DATA
• Convene a stakeholder group to identify routine data reports that would help stakeholders understand
how well the juvenile justice system is functioning in Pulaski County. These reports could include standard
information on arrests, referrals to juvenile court, detention admissions, commitments to DYS, transfers of
youth to adult court, and effectiveness of community-based services.
• Implement a way to track and regularly review arrests of youth charged with school-based offenses.
Ensure that these reports are disaggregated by age, race, ethnicity, gender, offense, and school.
• Implement a quality assurance process within juvenile court to ensure that data on race, ethnicity, gender,
whether referrals stem from school-based arrests, and other variables are accurately entered.
• Conduct deeper data analyses of specific target populations, such as youth referred to court for minor
offenses, youth admitted to detention for relatively minor offenses, and youth released at initial
detention hearings to determine if youth within those populations could benefit from diversion options or
alternatives to detention.
USING EVIDENCE-BASED TOOLS TO MAKE DECISION ABOUT DIVERSION, DETENTION, AND SUPERVISION OF YOUTH:Juvenile court uses a variety of programs to divert youth at intake, such as structured community
service, referrals to the North Little Rock Teen Court, referrals to United Family Services, and
deferred prosecution agreements. During the comprehensive review, there was interest among
many stakeholders in obtaining data on the effectiveness of different diversion options, which
did not seem to be readily available for many programs. Moreover, there did not seem to be
standard written criteria for youth’s eligibility for diversion programs, or a process for matching
youth charged with particular offenses to specific diversion options. However, a closer analysis
of the types of situations leading to referrals for these reasons could help identify and tailor
additional diversion options. For example, some stakeholders mentioned that a peer court based
in Little Rock could serve as a diversion option for certain offenses.
RECOMMENDATION:
• Gather data on the number of youth diverted from the formal juvenile justice
system by police and intake, agree upon common metrics of success among
diversion programs, develop formal written diversion criteria, identify target
populations for particular programs, and analyze common reasons for
referral to identify whether other targeted diversion options could be
effective interventions at the point of arrest or intake.
JULY DIVERSIONS:
• As of July, we are collecting the number, demographics, and success/failure
and reasons for failure of those being diverted out of intake for two of the
juvenile courts.
• In July, 11 juveniles were diverted through intake. One has already been
referred on to the Prosecutor for failure to follow parents rules.
U OF A AT LR’S LAW SCHOOL YOUTH MEDIATION PROGRAM
• Juvenile Delinquency
• Mediation is available for any first offense misdemeanor or juvenile delinquency
offenses (thefts, criminal mischief, minor fights with serious personal injuries, etc.).
Juvenile delinquency cases referred to the Mediation Program may be diverted by
intake before a petition is filed for a formal court hearing.
• The mediation clinic may also mediate some truancy cases referred to the program
directly by the truancy prosecutor. The truancy prosecutor may refer truancy cases to
the Mediation Clinic before a petition is filed for a formal court hearing. The
participants in the mediation will be the parent(s), the youth, and a representative
from the youth’s school. If the terms of the agreement are successfully completed, the
case will be closed and no further action will be taken. If no agreement is reached in
mediation or if the terms of the agreement are not completed , the case will be
returned to the truancy prosecutor for a hearing.
PROPOSED DEFINITION OF RECIDIVISM:
• Delinquency adjudication or conviction in criminal court for either a
misdemeanor or felony within twenty-four (24) months of a previous
delinquency adjudication.
• Potential adjustments:
• reduce the time to 12 months
• make the initiation of the 24 months dependent upon completion of probation and/or
release from custody or closure of a delinquency case/discharge from juvenile court
jurisdiction
ADDITIONAL RECOMMENDATION:
• Assign a point person within the County to monitor funding opportunities for juvenile justice
reform, including those through the federal Office of Juvenile Justice Delinquency Prevention
(https://www.ojjdp.gov/funding/funding.html), and ensure that individual signs up for the
agency’s JuvJust listserv. The Council of State Governments’ Justice Center website also
contains a page featuring federal and foundation-funded opportunities, which should be
regularly reviewed (https://csgjusticecenter.org/reentry/online-tools/funding/).
•
• Review the resources available on the National Juvenile Justice Network’s Fiscal Policy
Resource Center website (http://www.njjn.org/our-work/juvenile-justice-publications-fiscal-
policy), which contains guides on identifying sources of funding for juvenile justice reforms to
determine which have not been fully tapped by Pulaski County.
2017 JUVENILES CHARGED AS ADULTS
84
103 103
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2015 2016 2017
Number of Youth
Number of Youth
BREAKDOWN OF 2017 JUVENILES CHARGED AS ADULTS66
14
3
20
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Adult Charges Transferred to Juvenile Ct Nolle Prossed No Adult or Juvenile Record Found
2017 Juveniles Arrested as Adults
39
8
19
21
7
19
1 1 1
20
13
1
15
42
7
21 1
31
54
1 1
13
4
1
42
31 1
23
12 2
7
12
1 1 13
43
21 1 1
8
1
1214
7
18
1
17
39
1
8
17
1111
1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
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