DANH SCH V KH CA

Vit Nam Dn ch Cng ha v Mt trn Gii phng Min Nam

K-54

TT-33 (vit tt ca "Tokarev-Tula[1] nm 1933", Ting Nga: 7,62- 1933 ) l mt loi sng ngn t ng do Lin X thit k v ch to. Trung Quc chp li TT-33 v gi l "kiu nm 1954". Cch gi K-54 Vit Nam xut pht t "kiu nm 1954" ny. Loi sng ny c sn xut ht sc rng ri.

Lch sSng c thit k bi nh ch sng t ng lng danh Fedor Tokarev, d kin thay th cho khu tin nhim Nagant M1895. Bn u tin l TT-30, sa thnh TT33 c chp nhn trang b. Sng c my mc n gin tin cy hn nhiu so vi kiu li ngn John Browning "FN Model 1903". Sng s dng n c v 7,62x25mm Tokarev, ng ci tin tn c v 7,63mm Mauser dng trn cc sng ngn Mauser C96. Sng c sn sut v s dng vi s lng ln trong Th chin 2 n nhng nm 1950. Vic sn xut Lin X dng li nm 1954, cha kp thay ht khu tin nhim Nagant M1895. Tuy vy, nc ngoi, sng tip tc c sn xut vi s lng ln, k c copy hp php v khng. Trung Quc c Kiu-51, Kiu-54, Hungary c khu M20, Tip Khc c khu M-48, Ba Lan c khu TU90, Nam T c cc khu M57 v M70A. Bc Triu Tin Kiu-68 u l cc phin bn hoc copy nguyn dng khu TT-33. Cc phin bn xut khu cho Ai-Cp Tokagypt-58 dng n c v 9mm Parabellum. Hu ht cc nc x hi ch ngha u sn xut K-54. T nm 1965, K-54 dn dn c thay bi kiu K-59 Makarov. Sng xut hin nhiu phng Ty, dng c nhn do tin cy, r v n r, tho lp, bo dng, sa cha rt n gin; chu c bn ly, t ct, ch cn dng du ha (thm ch l nc) ra qua l s dng c. Hai nhc im ln nht ca sng: mt l cht lng g bm ti. Qu trnh bn mi mn g bm gia kha nng v thn sng, dn n sai lch gia trc nng sng v trc thc ngm, lm cho ng n thiu chnh xc; hai l bng sng qu to v ng, khng ph hp vi t th t nhin ca c tay x th. Ci tin ng k nht bn Tokagypt-58 dng n 9mm. Cng ty Cng nghip Hoa Bc Trung Quc vn sn xut cc phin bn ca TT-33, dng n 9mm Luger Parabellum, tn "Tokarev Kiu 213". Sng c nhiu ci tin u vit so vi cc phin bn ban u. Cc ng x hp, sng mng, khng cn tng kch thc tay cm dng n 9mm.

Cc thng s Tn: TT-33 (K-54)

Kiu: sng ngn bn t ng Trng lng: 840 g; (c n): 910 gam Di: 196 mm Nng di: 116 mm ng knh nng (khng tuyn m): 7,62 mm S ung khng tuyn: 4 S tc u nng: 350 m/giy Tc n xoay trong nng: 4000 vng/giy Bng n: 8 vin C n: 7.6225mm Ch bn: tng pht C ch np n: t ng bng kha nng li C ch thot v n: mc ko thng. C ch im ha: kim ha - ht n C ch vn hnh ba p: l xo nn bi kha nng li, ba p quay 1/4 vng trn Tm bn ti a: 200m (vi gc x kch 45 ) Tm bn hiu qu: n 50 m Tm bn thng: 25 m S lng c sn xut: hng chc triu khu

Cc b phn tho ri ca mt khu K-54 (T trn xung): -Kha nng -Nng -L so y v -Cht lin kt nng-thn sng, Bao u nng, Ba p -Thn sng

Sng ngn Makarov

Sng ngn Makarov l mt loi sng ngn bn t ng do Nikolai Fyodorovich Makarov thit k vo cui thp nin 1940, s dng loi n 918mm Makarov. y l sng ngn tiu chun ca qun i Lin X trong thi k 1951-1991 v cn l sng ngn tiu chun ca nhiu qun i cc nc x hi ch ngha c. N c sn xut ti Lin X, Bulgaria, ng c v Trung Quc. N cn c cc tn gi l Marakov PM ( phng Ty) hay K-59 Trung Quc v Vit Nam. Sng c s dng nhiu trong Chin tranh Vit Nam. Hin nay, n c bn v s dng nhiu ti Hoa K.

PPSh-41PPSh-41 (Pistolet-Pulemyot Shpagina kiu 41) l loi sng tiu lin ca qun i Lin X thit k v sn xut trong th chin th hai v vi nm sau . N c thit k bi Georgi Shpagin nh l mt phin

bn r tin v d sn xut ca khu PPD-40, vn tn rt nhiu chi ph v thi gian sn xut. Khu PPSh-41 vi thit k np n t ng theo kiu trch kh phn lc v hp n ln, s dng kiu n 7.62x25mm tr thnh loi sng tiu lin tiu chun ca qun i X Vit khi .

LCH S tng v loi sng ny ny sinh trong thi gian Chin tranh Lin X - Phn Lan,khi ngi ta nhn ra sng tiu lin l mt th v kh hiu qu trong chin u, nht l trong cc chin ho cht hp m sng trng hu nh v dng. D n cho loi sng ny bt u c trin khai vo nm 1941, vi nhng ni u tin lm ra chng l nhng nh my Moscow. T thng 11 nm 1941, khong vi trm khu c sn xut th im v nhanh chng sau 155,000 khu c tip tc sn xut. Ti ma xun nm 1942, trung bnh mi ngy 30,000 khu PPSh-41 c xut xng. N tr thnh v kh kiu mu, l tng cho cc loi sng tiu lin ca cc quc gia khc lc by gi. Mt khu PPSh-41 lc vi dy chuyn sn xut tiu chun ch mt trung bnh c 7.3 gi ch to, trong khi mt khu PPD-40 phi mt ti hn 10 gi.

c imTrong chin u, PPSh-41 c coi l loi sng kh li hi vi tc bn 900 vin/pht. Tuy nhin im yu ca n l thit k bng n hnh trng cng knh, v c bit l d b kt n khi bn. Sau ny,qun i Lin X nghin cu v pht trin nhiu loi sng tiu lin khc, nhng PPSh-41 vn cn c s dng rng ri c trong v ngoi nc.

AK-47

AK-47 l mt trong nhng sng my thng dng ca th k 20, c thit k bi Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov. Tn sng l vit tt ca "AvtomatKalashnikova mu nm 1947" (ting Nga: 1947 ). Theo phn loi ca khi X hi ch ngha, AK-47 thuc loi tiu lin, h sng my. Theo phn loi ca NATO, AK-47 thuc loi sng trng tn cng, cng thuc h sng my (machine gun). Cho n thi im hin ti, AK-47 v cc phin bn ca n l th v kh c a chung nht, c la chn bi trn 50 qun i, rt nhiu cc lc lng v trang, du kch khc t khp mi ni trn th gii. [1] Chi ph thp, tin cy, v hiu qu rt cao trong iu kin chin u khng tiu chun ca loi sng ny lm cho n tr thnh loi v kh c nhn thng dng nht th gii, d tm bn hiu qu nht ca n trong khong 300 n 400m, ti a ch n 600m.[2] Vi nhng nh hng ca mnh, AK-47 c gi l mt biu tng trong qun s,[1] mt th v kh lm thay i b mt chin tranh.[3]

Mt s c im cu to Cc c im chnh (xem infobox) Rnh xon: 4 rnh, bc xon: 235 mm Thc ngm nm pha u hp kha nng (mt s bin th b tr cui hp kha nng), c th iu chnh d ng bng con chy; c c lin vi vai ngm pha sau. Trn vai ngm x mt khe ngm hnh ch V chnh gia. u rui ch th im ngm c hai vch bo v, c th vn vt ln cao, xung thp hiu chnh chi tit v tm bn khi bn chnh sng. u rui c t trn mt b u c cht ngang dng chnh hng. Khi chnh ng hng bn, cht ny uc c nh. L trch kh ngang 1/3 nng sng tnh t ngoi vo H thng thoi y (piston) lin khi vi kha nng. Ba p quay, c ly hm bn tng vin Thoi mc n kiu rnh xoay c tc dng ko v n khi bung n. Khi kha nng b lc ca kh trch y li hoc ngi bn dng tay ko kha nng li, mc n va xoay va ko v n ra, lc ko phn chia u v xoay quanh vnh v n. So vi c ch ko thng vou vnh v dn ti mt im mt s loi sng, cch xoay ko v n ny lm gim ti a hin tng tc n do khng ht c v n ra khi bung n.

Tnh nng

Tc bn l thuyt: 600 pht/pht Tc bn trong chin u: 40 pht/pht khi bn pht mt v 100 pht/pht khi bn lin thanh. [25]

Ch im x 2 pht lin tip: Do cu to ca sng khng c ch im x 3 pht lin tip nh M-16 hoc AR-15, nhng do nhp bn chm hn hai loi sng ny nn x th c th tp luyn vic bp c, nh c ng lc hai vin n lin tip uc bn ra. Phng php ny c nhiu x th gii ca QNDVN s dng ln u trong Chin tranh Vit Namhin nay ang c s dng kh ph bin trn th gii m khng ph thuc vo tnh nng ca sng. Mt x th cp I c th bn im x hai vin AK-47 trng bia s 7 khong cch 100 m vi hai im chm ch cch nhau 10 n 15 cm. Tm bn hiu qu: Ch bn tng vin: 800 m [26] Ch bn lin thanh: 400 m (gc t bng 0 hoc gc t dung khng qu 10 ); 200 m (gc t m khng qu 15 ), c chm cao nht 300 m vi gc t bng 0. Trong thc t th loi sng ny thng c t thc ngm c ly 300m tng ng vi tm bn thng v x th t chnh ng ngm ng ln trn hoc xung di so vi mc tiu ty theo mc tiu trong hay ngoi khong cch ny. Nhng x th gii thng cm nhn c mc ny ln ca nng sng khi im ha iu chnh lc gi sng trn p che tay cho ph hp, bo m lot n bn ra c tn mt nh nht.

Mosin NagantSng trng Mosin Nagant (c gi l sng K44 Vit Nam) l loi sng trng khng t ng tng c s dng bi qun i quc Nga t nm1891, qun i Lin X v cc nc ng u cho n tn

nhng nm 1960 v hin vn c Qun i Nhn dn Vit Nam s dng. Sng dng n c 7,62 x 54mmR.

c tnh k thut C nng 7,62 mm, nng sng di 730 mm, ton b sng di 1,533 m (bao gm c li l), nng trn dui 4,0 kg; Tc bn 10 pht/pht (i vi x th gii), s tc u n 820 m/s, tm bn (trn thc ngm) 1.000m, tm bn hiu qu 600 m. Dng n c 7,62mm kiu 1908 hoc 1930 (chung vi i lin K-53 v RP-46). Khi s dng knh ngm quang hc v loi n nng, c liu phng ln, x th bn ta c th nng tm bn c hiu qu n 1200 m. L loi sng trng bn pht 1, ln n bng kha nng khng t ng, s dng hp tip n n (khc vi Garand M1 v sng SKS s dng hp tip n i) cha c 5 vin, n c 7,62 mm. Tc bn chm nhng rt chnh xc, bn xa nn c cn s dng lm sng bn ta, sng bn ta c lp thm ng ngm quang hc bn sn tri s dng bn ta rt hiu qu. Trong Chin tranh th gii th hai, cc n v bn ta ca Hng Qun c bin ch ti cp s on, u s dng loi sng ny lm sng bn ta. Nhc im : bn chm, t n, qu di v nng n, thi gian ln n v np n qu lu. Mc d c nhiu nhc im nhng vo thi i th y l sng bn ta c uy lc rt ln, hn hn khu M-21 v c th snh ngang vi Garand M1 ca Hoa K.

CKC CKC (vit tt ca " " trong ting Nga, ngha l Sng trng np n t ng c cu Simonov) l loi sng trngbn n c 7,62x39 mm (chung c n vi sng AK-47 v RPD). CKC c Sergei Gavrilovich Simonov (1894 - 1986), ngi Lin X, thit k ra v tng c s dng

trong Chin tranh th gii th hai, Chin tranh ng Dng v Chin tranh Vit Nam. Hin nay, sng CKC vn c s dng trong qun i nhiu nc. CKC l loi sng ln n t ng s dng nguyn tc trch kh t pht bn trc nn c gi l sng trng t ng (gn ging vi sng Grand M1 ca Hoa K). Khi x th bn pht u tin, vin n i qua nng sng km kh y ca thuc phng, s c mt b phn trch kh s dng kh thuc y li b kha nng gip a vin n th 2 ln nng v thc hin pht bn tip theo. Sng CKC kh d s dng. Hp tip n ca c 10 vin n loi 7,62 mm. H thng np n ca CKC thuc dng np n tng vin. Vi sng CKC mu mi th c hp tip n tch ri ging vi hp tip n ca AK-47. Vin n c bn i trit nn n o chnh xc hn so vi AK47, cho php tiu dit mc tiu hiu qu vi tm bn t 100-1000 m. CKC c th c gn li l nh gip l c. Sng bn c trong mi iu kin khc nghit ca mi trng (lnh gi, sa mc, di nc, ...). Sng cng c th trang b ng nhm quang hc tng tm hot ng v chnh xc ca sng Nhc im ca CKC l vic dng bng n hp dn n hn ch s lng n mang theo v thi im np n rt lu do nht tng vin vo. Thm vo , sng di v nng gy cn tr trong lc hnh qun , gy nhiu bt tin. Nm 1956, Trung Quc bt u sn xut loi sng K56 da theo mu CKC.

Sng CKC *Chiu di sng: 1,21 m di hn c M16 *Chiu di nng: 0,521 m *Trng lng: 3,85 kg *C n: 7,62x39 mm *Tc n ra khi nng: 735 m/s *H thng np n: np n tng vin *Tm bn hiu qu: 200 n 400m *Tm hot ng ti a (l thuyt): 1.000m (1km)

RPDTrung lin RPD l loi sng my c th np bng n tng c Lin X v Trung Quc sn xut. Tn gi ca sng l vit tt ca (Ruchnoy Pulemyot Degtyareva) (sng my loi nh Degtyarev).

Tnh nngTrung lin RPD l loi sng t ng c ha lc mnh trang b cho tng ngi, t b binh tiu dit sinh lc ch tp trung, mc tiu l trong vng 500m. Chi vin cho b binh chin u. Sng ch bn c lin thanh theo nguyn tc trch kh xung.

S liu Loi: Sng my hng nh Nc sn xut: Lin X, Trung Quc(da theo mu ca Lin X ly tn l K56) Nc s dng: Lin X, Vit Nam, Trung Quc, cc nc khi ng u trc y, cc t chc khng b Khi lng:7,4kg(khng n), 100 vin thm 1,6kg Chiu di:1036mm Chiu di nng sng:521mm C nng: 7,62 mm Loi n: 7.62 39 mm Tc bn chin u: 150 pht/pht Tm bn ghi trn thc ngm: 100-1000m mc tiu ngi nm: 365m mc tiu ngi chy: 540m bn my bay v qun nhy d trong vng 500m Hp bng n cha 100 vin n Sng ch bn c lin thanh hoc bn im lot: lot ngn 3-5 vin, lot di 6-10 vin. Sng dng cng loi n vi cc loi sng K63, AK47, sng trng CKC, trung lin RPK. n kiu 1943 do Lin X sn xut hay kiu 1956 do Trung Quc sn xut. n thng c nhiu loi: n thng (c li thp), n vch ng (u n sn mu xanh l cy), n xuyn chy (u n sn mu en v ).

RPK RPK l sng trung lin nh do Cc Thit k Kalashnikov ca Lin X thit k, sng c a vo phin ch Qun i S-vit nm 1959 thay th cc sng my DP v RPD.

Tn gi sng c vit tt theo ting Nga: (Ruchnoy Pulemyot Kalashnikova). Tht k ca RPK hon ton da trn mu sng trng xung kch AKM, vi bng kiu RPD, nng di hn v dy hn cho ph hp vi chc nng ca sng. n c s dng l 7.62x39mm tng t nh ca AK-47/AKM. Sng c 2 loi hp tip n tiu chun l loi hp cong 40 vin v loi hnh trng 75 vin, ngoi ra sng cn c th s dng hp tip n 30 vin ca AK-47/AKM cng nh nhiu kiu hp tp n khc nh kiu hp cong 100 vin ca Lin X c hay kiu hp trng 100 vin ca Trung quc. Sng c 3 phin bn chnh l RPK, RPKS bng gp v RPKM. Ngoi ra mt s nc cng t ch to RPK cho chnh mnh vi mt s tn gi khc nhau v mt s sa i bn ngoi nh .

Tnh nng, u khuyt im Sng c thit k theo yu cu chin thut coi trng tin cng: sng my cp tiu i, cng vi i lin PK trang b cp trung i to thnh mt li ha lc bn thng t ng. Cc n v b binh khng vn, b binh c gii s dng RPK theo nguyn tc chin thut tng t. Khi tn cng, ngi lnh mang hp tip n ln 75 vin, pht trin cng vi cc thnh phn khc trong tiu i. Trn ng tin cng RPK bn ym tr bm st, nh mt sng trng tin cngha lc mnh. Trng hp phng th, sng t v tr bn trong cng s, s dng gi 2 chn, tng t nh dng trung lin. Sng cng c th dng im x nh sng trng chin u i vi cc mc tiu xa. RPK rt thch hp i vi cc n v trinh st b binh. RPK lp c knh ngm bn ta quang hc / hng ngoi NSP-2. C b phn hiu chnh lch gi tr thnh mt sng trng bn ta. Tuy nhin y khng phi l chc nng chnh ca sng. RPK ng tin cy, t hng hc, d bo dng sa cha khng khc g AK, mt s b phn c th hon i vi AK (lun sn c), hp tip n c th dng chung. Sng c th d dng bn t trong xe chin u b binh BMP v xe bc thp qun vn BTR. Tuy vy, RPK cng mang nhc im c bn ca trung lin nh, l nhanh nng nng. Sng ch cho php bn lu di tc 80 pht/pht trong thc t (X th bn 80 vin trong mt pht). Trong khi yu cu ca kiu loi sng phi l 200 pht/pht. Nng nng dn n n trong bung n rt nng, ng n trong khng n nh. Chc nng bn ta cn chnh xc cao dng chung vi chc nng bn lin thanh tr chin, dn n chnh xc nhanh gim. Ngi s dng cn tun th yu cu lm sch nng sng, khng bn khi nng bn. Thc ra, vi tc bn va phi v nng lun sch, sng c n nh rt cao. Ngoi nhc im ny, khu sng kh hon ho. V chin lc thit k. Vic dng hp tip n cong 40 vin dn n hn ch s lng n mang theo v thi im dng thay hp tip n. iu ny ph hp vi hc thuyt qun s Lin X lc : ton tiu i cng tin cng mc tiu, bn ch p ch lin thanh; khc cc kiu chin thut khc, x th trung lin hay i lin t sng mt ch bn ch p trong khi ng i xung phong. Hc thuyt qun s Lin X pht trin s lng i lin PK, bin ch n trung i v thm ch tiu i b binh nng, lm nhim v bn p ch lot di. Vi cc chin thut khc, hp tip n ny khng gy kh khn cho x th RPK, n c dng im x tng lot nh sng trng.

S liu Loi: Trung lin

Nc thit k: Lin X Nc sn xut: Lin X v nhiu nc khc Nc s dng: Lin X v nhiu nc khc C cu: Trch kh xung, kha nng xoay, bn khi b kha nng ng, chn ch bn Trng lng sng: 4.8 kg (khng mang n) Trng lng HT 40 vin: 0.3 kg (khng lp n) Trng lng HT 75 vin: 0.9 kg (khng lp n) Chiu di: 1,060 m Nng sng: di 590 mm, 4 khng tuyn chiu xoay tri - phi C nng: 7.62 mm Loi n: 7.6239mm Tc bn l thuyt: 600 pht/pht Tm bn xa nht: 3000 m Tm bn st thng: 1500 m Tm bn hiu qu: 500 m (i vi mc tiu tp trung) S tc ng n: 747 m/s

B40RPG-2 l mt loi sng chng tng khng git dng c nhn, cn c gi ti Vit Nam l B40. Loi sng ny c s dng rng ri trong Chin tranh Vit Nam, sau dn dn thay bng i sau RPG-7 (hay phin bn B41 ca Vit Nam).

Lch sSng ny vo Vit Nam trong thi k hin i ha qun i sau 1954. N nhanh chng t u th trc khu Bazooka kiu 1944 c do M t ch, c chp nhn trang b vi tn B40. Khu sng c tn trng phn v n s tha k kinh nghim i ph vi ha lc mnh ca ch bng nh gn, ni tip ca Bazooka.

n B40Tn: Kiu: Nng: Di: S cnh: Tc ti a: Xuyn gip: PG-2 HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank) 1,84 kg (4 lbs) 67 cm (25,6 inches) 6 84/s 180 mm thp cn (RHA}

ng knh ln nht: 80 mm

BnC nng: Loi nng: C u n: Chiu di sng: Chiu di n lp liu phng: Chiu di sng lp n: Khi lng n c liu phng: Khi lng sng lp n: Tc cao nht: Tm bn: Sc xuyn: Tc bn: 40 mm trn mng 80 mm 850 mm 670 mm 120 mm 2,86 kg 4,67 kg 84 m/s 150 m 180 mm thp cn tiu chun (RHA) 6 pht pht

Chiu di n cha lp liu phng: 500 mm

Khi lng n khng liu phng: 1,84 kg

Mt chin s Qun Gii phng Min Nam Vit Nam ang bn B40 trong chin dch Tt Mu Thn 1968.

Sng chng tng B41RPG-7 l mt loi sng chng tng khng git dng c nhn, cn c gi ti Vit Nam l B41. Gi l B41 v sng l i sau ca B40 (hay bazooka 40 mm), d cho c nng ca B41 vn l 40 mm. Trong ting Nga sng ny c tn l , vit tt l RPG-7 (-7), c ngha l "sng phng lu chng tng xch tay" [1](nhng mt s ngi li cho l vit tt ca , tc "sng phng lu chng tng phn lc"). Thut ng qun s trong ting Anh l anti tank rocket launcher (c ngha l "sng phng tn la chng tng"), tuy nhin, B40 dng k thut tn la rt t, ch n B41 th k thut ny mi ng vai tr ln trong y n.[2]

Sng B41 s dng nguyn l phng kh ng cn bng, hon ton khc phng php phng ca B40. u n ca B41 cng c nhng ci tin khc xa B40. Phng php kh ng l phng php dng cc tuye thay i tc p sut dng kh. B41 c ng knh trong 40 mm, c n to hn c nng, n ch nhi chui vo nng sng. Gia thn sng phnh to ra thnh mt bung rng, y l bung t, cha liu phng, Vic to thnh bung t ny s y sng v pha trc, nhng lc ny c cn bng bi l thot kh v tuye sau. Ch phnh ra ca nng c p lt g dn (v sau thay bng nha tng hp) chng nng vai x th. Sng c hai tay cm, vi ngi thun bn phi th tay phi t trc, tri sau. Sng c kim ha, c bm ging B40. Cng c l xo y kim ha v khng cn tr n di chuyn. Cu to ca B41 lm cho p sut khng tng qu nhanh nh B40. Khi p sut cao, cu to tuye xoy trong nng ca n lm p sut ng u v gim chm. Tuye sau sng lm gim chiu di sng. Nh p sut tng chm nn dng c liu phng thuc sng khng khi, c nng lc mnh hn thuc n en ca B40, nhi cng nhiu hn. Nh cu to ny, s tc n ln nhng ting n trm do p sut tng gim chm. Tuy trm, nhng chn ng ting n u nng rt mnh v nguy him. B41 di 953 mm khi khng n v 1,340 mt vi n RPG-7. Sng ban u nng 7,9kg, n PG-7 nng 2,25kg. RPG-7D l sng gn nh cho lnh b ng khng, sng c nng sau (phn c tuye sau) tho ra c lp vo b g di bung t, khi s dng cm vo phn cn li, cc sng hin i nh hn.

Knh ngm, thc ngm Sng c knh ngm PGO-7, knh ngm PGO-7V1 c thm vch chia cho n hng nng, knh nhn m, phng to 2,7 ln. Knh ngm thng (khng nhn m) c mt n nh chiu sng thc ngm quang trong knh, thc ngm ny k chia d t m cao v rng, thun li khi tnh ton bn mc tiu di ng, b gi, b cao , b tm..., cc vch chia ny cng thun li cho bn vin th 2, cn c vo lch vin trc. Trn li chia cn mt thc o xa dng rt thun tin. Thc ny xc nh xa ca xe tng thng qua chiu cao nh ca xe. Thc ny dng kiu xe tng c chiu cao 2,7 mt lm chun (mu xe tngc, ph bin phng Ty). Kiu 69-1 ca Trung Quc b sung mt thc ngm dng cao ca xe do Nga sn xut lm chun. Tm xa ghi trn thc l 500 mt, sau ci tin ln 600 mt. My ngm quang hc ca RPG-7 t trong mt ti vi bt, khi dng lp vo trn sng.

Cc thit b ngm m sn xut c NSP-3, NSP-2(tia hng ngoi), NSPU, PGN-1(II), IPN58 (II). T knh RPG-7V tr i, cc thit b ny kim thm c chc nng o xa v tng kh nng nhn m. Knh nhn m ln PNG-1 trang b cho qun Rp cho php nhn xa ti hn 400 mt. Sng cng c mt b thc ngm-u rui kim loi gp xung c nh ca B40, do tm xa cn chnh xc hn nn thc ny lm vng chc, khng mng manh nh ca B40. Thc ngm di chuyn c dc thang, ch khng lm c nh nh B40.

nMt s loi n B41: tn n Nm a vo s dng c u dn, mm khi lng u n, kg tm bn hiu qu mc tiu c nh, mt Xuyn gip, mm u n lm PG7VL dit tank PG-7V PG-7VL PG-7VR 1961 85 2,2 500 260 1977 93 2,6 500 350 500 1988 64 / 105 4,5 200 200 TBG-7V OG-7V 1988 105 4,5 200 200 1999 40 2,0 350 350 u n nhit p TGB-7V dit ngi

tm bn hiu qu mc tiu di ng ngang, mt 250

ERA + 600-700 -

u n 2 u n PG-7VR dit cc u n mnh OGloi tank c gip phn ng n. u n 7V dit ngi th nht lm tung mnh gip ra trong khi u n th hai bn vo ch khng cn gip.

Bn Sng c th ng bn, nm bn, qu bn. Khi bn, x th phi trnh hnh chp gc 30 sau sng. Khng c tng cn trong vng 2 mt sau sng. C th bn trong phng vi trm mt khi. Trc khi bn, x th phi xc nh hng gi v tc gi, hng di chuyn v tc mc tiu. Sau d thc hin o xa, nu mc tiu gn th khng b gi. B gi v b tc mc tiu. Bn nhng gi nguyn sng, quan st lch n nu trt. Bn tip c b lch. Sng khng to khi nh B40 nn rt kh pht hin ban ngy. Nhng ban m, sng c chp sng nh. Sng c ting n u nng rt nguy him, mi x th ch bn lin tc 5-6 pht. Sng np n chm, khi ch mt mnh x th, tc bn ch ti a 4 pht pht. ci thin tc bn, nhng ngi cng t lp sn liu cho x th. Nh tng tc bn n 6 pht pht d dng. Ch l thot kh bn phi nh B40.

Vic bn B41 i hi hun luyn rt k cng, trong cun sch qun s M nm 1976 [3], ngi M da vo kin thc cp nht, nn t cch b gi o xa rt sai, iu ny dn n h bn th nghim ch t tm hiu qu 180 mt. Mt cch tng kinh nghim x th l t chc 2-3 t t cc hng rt khc nhau, bn ln lt, iu ny lm an ton x th, b tr sai s c lng ca cc x th v tc gi v mc tiu, cc x th sng st c kinh nghim qu.

Chng xe tng Trong Khng chin chng M, xe tng cn mng yu, cha c ERA, nn sng B41 rt li hi, xuyn c tt c cc thit gip lc (M48 M60). B binh v du kch Vit Nam s dng hai chin thut sn xe. Mt l s dng t b binh nh, lun su, phc kch. iu nguy him vi xe tng l khi B41 p st c tm di 100 mt, n lc ny, x th ngm bn chnh xc vo nhng ch him nh thp pho, pha sau xe, khoang cha n sau thp pho...Nhng pht bn ny thng tiu dit tc khc mc tiu. Khi phng ng, khi xe tng n gn, cc x th bm chin ho, cng s, vt cn. Kt hp vi ci, mn nh hng lm lui b binh i cng. Xe tng kh c th quan st bao qut, kh nng b dit cao khi b tn cng t nhiu hng. Hai l dng nhiu t, phn tn, bn lin tc t nhiu hng, di chuyn lin tc, bm st. Trong a hnh rng ni, y l chin thut rt ng s. Mt s lng ln u n n t nhiu hng b nhng sai s c lng ca x th, thng thng lot n sn tng ny c kt qu tc khc, mc d khong cch khng nh. B41 rt ng s vi cc xe bc thp ch qun h tr b binh IFV. Nhng pht bn phc kch xe ny gy thng vong ln, trong phim Cuc chin 10 ngn ngy cn cnh B41 h mt xe M113 ang di chuyn rt nhanh. Cc xe bc thp c v mng hn xe tng, k c xe bc thp hin i. Thng 10-1973, trn bn o Sinai, qun Ai Cp b tr kt hp RPG v AT-3, bn lin tc t nhiu hng, to chin cng ln.

Pho 130mm M46 Pho mt t nng di M-46 130 mm l loi i bc d chin (d pho) hng nng do Lin X thit k v ch to vo thp nin 1950. NATO nhn c thng tin v loi v kh ny vo nm 1954, nn t m cho n l M1954. Nm 1959, Trung Quc c cp php ch to th v kh ny v t tn l Kiu 59-1. Chiu di nng php l 52 caliber - di l thng so vi cc loi pho ng thi, cho php sng bn rt xa, tn xp x 27,5 km. N c s dng trong cc cuc xung t bin gii Trung - X, chin tranh Vit Nam, chin tranh n - Pakistan, chin tranh Trung ng ln th 3 v ln th 4, chin tranh Angola,chin tranh Iran - Iraq, chin tranh vng Vnh, ni chin Nam T. M-46 130 mm c s dng hn 25 quc gia trn th gii. Israel ch to mt loi pho da theo thit k ca M-46 130 mm. M-46

Thng s k chin thut Trng lng Chiu di Chiu rng Kp chin u C n Kha nng Gi Gc ngng Quay ngang Tc bn 7.7 t (16,975 lbs) 11.73 m (38.48 ft) 2.45 m (8 ft) 8 130 mm (5.11 in) Horizontal sliding wedge M-46 -2.5 to 45 50 6 (normal) 8 (burst) 5 (sustained) 930 m/s (3,051 ft/s) 27.5 km (17 mi) (unassisted) 38 km (23.61 mi) (assisted)

S tc Tm bn xa nht

BM-14 BM-14 (ting Nga: -14) l mt loi pho Cachiusa (Katyusha) phn lc Cachiusa do Lin X ch to ngay sau Chin tranh th gii th hai. Loi pho ny bao gm mt dn phng n phn lc 16 nng xp thnh 4 tng mi tng 4 ng c 140 mm gn trn mt xe ti hng nh GAZ-66 8 bnh. BM-14 cho php bn lin tip 16-17 pht trong vng 8 giy vi tm bn gn 10 km. C th bn n ha hc. BM-14 c th trang b cho lc lng nhy d v th xung bng d. BM-14 c trang b cho qun i nhiu nc nh Lin X, Algrie, Cuba v Vit Nam. N c s dng tch cc trong Chin tranh Vit Nam, ni chin Algrie, chin tranh Dn pho phn lc Cachiusa BM-13, t trn xe ti ZiS-6, Bo tng chin tranh V quc V i, Afganistan. Kiev, Ukraina (nhn gn). Loi Quc gia ch to Lc s hot ng Trang b Quc gia s dng S dng trong Lc s ch to Cc bin th BM-13, BM-8, BM-31, BM14, BM-21, BM-24,BM-25, B M-27, BM-30 1939hin ti Lin X, Lin bang Nga v mt s nc khc nh th chin Pho phn lc Lin X