cyclophosphamide hepatotoxicity: the role of 4 … · 2019. 10. 8. · dina r. s. gad el-karim....

Cyclophosphamide Hepatotoxicity : The Role Of … Dina R. S. Gad El-Karim

Kafr El-Sheikh Vet.Med.J. Vol. 1 No.1 (2003)

1 5th International Scientific Conference, Fac. Vet. Med., Kafrelsheikh Univ., 5-9 March 2019

CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE HEPATOTOXICITY: THE ROLE OF 4-HYDROXYNONENAL AND CYTOCHROME

C OXIDASE AND THE POSSIBLE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF GANODERMA LUCIDUM EXTRACT

Dina R. S. Gad El-Karim* *Department of Pathology, Clinical Pathology branch, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Alexandria University, Postal Code: 11511, Egypt.

E.mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is a widely used anti-neoplastic drug, but its usage is associated with several side effects including hepatotoxicity. This study was designed to evaluate the ameliorative effect of Ganoderma lucidium (GL) extract as a natural antioxidant against CPA hepatotoxicity in male Wistar albino rats. Four groups of rats (n = 7) were used in this study, Group I: served as a control group, group II: was administrated CPA (5 mg/kg), group III: received GLextract (50 mg/kg), and group IV: received CPA and GL extract at the same doses of groups II and III. All the treatments were orally administrated via gastric intubation for 21 consecutive days. Serum activities of the hepatic enzymes (AST, ALT and GGT) in addition to serum proteinogram were evaluated. Moreover, hepatic oxidant-antioxidant markers (4- hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), GSH, CAT and SOD) besides activity of cytochrome C oxidase enzyme were detected. Also, histopathological examination of the hepatic sections (H&E stained) was performed. Serum activity of liver enzymes was elevated, proteinogram was disturbed in CPA-treated animals which accompanied by an increase in hepatic content of 4-HNE, depletion of hepatic antioxidant (GSH, CAT, SOD) and inhibition of hepatic cytochrome C oxidase activity, also hepatic histopathological disruptions were noticed in this group. All these hepatic disturbances were partially ameliorated upon co-administration of GL extract with CPA. In conclusion, production of 4- HNE and inhibition of cytochrome C oxidase enzyme may play a role in occurrence of CPA hepatotoxicity and GL extract may have an ameliorative role against this toxicity.

Keywords: cyclophosphamide; hepatotoxicity; Ganoderma lucidium; 4-hydroxynonenalon; cytochrome C oxidase.

Sesame Oil Mitigates Initiation Stage Of … AbdAllah A. Mokh et., al.

Kafr El-Sheikh Vet.Med.J. Vol. 1 No.1 (2003) 2 5th International Scientific Conference, Fac. Vet. Med., Kafrelsheikh Univ., 5-9 March 2019

SESAME OIL MITIGATES INITIATION STAGE OF DIETHYNITROSAMINE HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS IN RATS

AbdAllah A. Mokh1, Doaa H. Abdelhady1, Emad W. Ghazy1, Hadeer Aboumosalem1*, Wael M.Goda2

1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kafrelsheikh University. 2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology,

Damanhour University, Egypt *Corresponding: [email protected]

ABSTRACT Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced hepatocarcinogenesis in experimental animalsthrough triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) release and subsequent induction of oxidative stress dependant liver damage. This study was conducted to estimate the protective role of sesame oil (SO) in the initial phase of DEN induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Forty five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups groups (n = 9 each). In the first group (control), rats were orally administrated normal saline.Rats of second group (DEN) were intraperitoneally (i.p) injected with a single dose of (200mg/kg body weight, DEN) at the 8thday of the experiment. The third, fourth, fifth groups orally administrated SO at a dose (2.5, 5, 10 mL/kg b.w), respectively 1 week before i.p injection of DEN and continued for 4 successive weeks. DEN- induced hepatotoxicity as detected by normocytic normochromic anemia with marked increase in white blood cells and significant increase in hepatic damage enzymatic markers (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyl Transferase (γGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) with significant decrease in serum total protein. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased significantly while hepatic antioxidant biomarkers superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) were significantly decreased. Histological examination of hepatic tissue of DEN treated rats proved centrolobular necrosis associated with bile duct and oval cell proliferation. This was accompanied with over expression of CYP2E1and down regulation in BAX gene expression in liver. Administration of SO minimized the harmful effects of DEN on hematological, biochemical, antioxidant and histopathological parameter as well as on gene expression. The degree of improvement was in dose dependant manner. Our findings revealed that SO supplementation can mitigate the toxic effects of DEN via their potent antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities. Keywords: Diethylnitrosamine, sesame oil, antioxidant, gene expression, rats.

mailto:[email protected]

Synergistic Ameliorative Effect Of Lactobacillus … Emad W. Ghazy et., al.

Kafr El-Sheikh Vet.Med.J. Vol. 1 No.1 (2003) 3 5

th International Scientific Conference, Fac. Vet. Med., Kafrelsheikh Univ., 5-9 March 2019

SYNERGISTIC AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF LACTOBACILLUS AND SPIRULINA PLATENSIS AGAINST

EXPERMINTAL COLITIS IN ALBINORATS: ANTIOXIDANT, HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR STUDIES

Emad W. Ghazy1, Abd-Allah A. Mokhbatly1, Samah S. Keniber1*, khaled M. Shoghy2

1 Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt.

2Anatomy & embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat city, Egypt.

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT Ulcerative colitis (UC) considers one of inflammatory disorders which affect colon mucosa cause a substantial burden on human day life. In the past, treatment of UC depended on aminosalicylates and antibiotics but due to their adverse side effects and incomplete effectiveness, antioxidant anti-inflammatory agents are used nowadays to ameliorate UC. The aim of this work is to evaluate the modulatory effect of Lactobacillus and/or Spirulina oral administration in acetic acid induced colitisin albino rats. Rats were divided randomly into (6) groups. 1stgroup (negative control), 2nd group (acetic acid), 3rdgroup (Mesalazine) at dose 20mg/kg orally was used as positive drug control. 4th group (Lactobacillus) at dose1×109 CFU/rat daily. 5th group (Spirulina) at dose500mg/kg daily. 6thgroup (Lactobacillus at dose 1×109 CFU/rat + Spirulina at dose 500mg/kg). Results revealed that the experimental colitis group showed significant increase in DAI, macroscopic damage, colon weight, colonic MDA, NO, molecular expressions (iNOS and COX-2) and significant decrease in colon length, GSH level and CAT activity. Lactobacillus and/or Spirulina supplementation revealed significant improvement in macroscopic and microscopic finding, increase antioxidant biomarkers, significant inhibitions of MDA and nitric oxide. Furthermore, significant decline in COX-2 and iNOS expressions were reported. In conclusion, the protective effects of Lactobacillus and/or Spirulina in UC are due to their ability to reduce iNOS and COX-2 expressions, increase antioxidant biomarkers and significant inhibition of lipid peroxidations. Furthermore, Lactobacillus and Spirulina have synergistic protective effect on colon tissue and could be used in combination to ameliorate UC.

Potential Amelorative Effect Of Panax … Samar S. Elblehi, Dina & R. S. Gad El-Karim



POTENTIAL AMELORATIVE EFFECT OF PANAX GINSENG ON HEPATORENAL DAMAGE OCUURED IN

HYDROXUREA-TREATED RATS

Samar S. Elblehi *, Dina R. S. Gad El-Karim

Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, 11511, Egypt.


ABSTRACT Hydroxyurea (HU) is an anti-neoplastic drug which is used for treatment of many types of tumors; however, its wide range of deleterious effects may limit its medical usage. This study was conducted to assess the possible protective role of Panax ginseng extract (Ginseng) against HU- induced hepato-renal damage in rats. Forty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (10 rats each). Group I (control) received 1ml purified water. Group II (Ginseng-treated) received 200 mg/kg body weight (b.wt) of Panax ginseng extract. Group III (HU-treated) received HU at a dose of 500 mg/ kg b.wt. Group IV (HU plus ginseng) received HU and Panax ginseng extract in similar doses of group II and III. All the treatments were administrated orally. Treatment with Panax ginseng failed to ameliorate the hematological alterations caused by HU, but, its ability to alleviate hepato-renal cytotoxic effect was proved through significant reduction in plasma level of hepato-renal injury biomarkers (AST, ALT, GGT, urea and creatinine) which were elevated in HU-treated group. Also, this effect was affirmed by decreased level of plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and enhanced anti-oxidant state (decreased MDA content and increased GPX activity) of hepato-renal tissues upon Panax ginseng extract administration with HU. Histopathologically, HU induced impairments in both hepatic and renal tissues of the treated rats. Conversely, concurrent administration of ginseng with HU partially improved these alterations.

Keywords: Hydroxyurea; hepato-renal toxicity; Panax ginseng; rats.

The Role Of Thymoquinone In Ameliorating … Emad W. Ghazy et., al.



THE ROLE OF THYMOQUINONE IN AMELIORATING THE HEPATOXIC EFFECT OF DIAZINON IN MALE RATS

Emad W. Ghazy1, AbdAllah A. Mokh1, Doaa H.Abdelhady1 , Wael M. Goda2, Eman M. Hashem1

1Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt

2Department of clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Egypt

Corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Diazinon (DZN) is one of most dangerous hepatotoxic organophosphorous insecticides used in veterinary practices which induces oxidative stress. The present study aimed to evaluate the ameliorative role of thymoquinone (TQ) in diazinon toxicity. DZN intoxicated groups showed macrocytic hypochromic anemia and serum biochemical alteration related to liver injury, including elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and a significant decrease in total protein and albumin. Furthermore, these groups also exhibited a significant increase in liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), significant decrease in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and catalase (CAT) activities and over-expression of the two apoptotic hepatic genes Bax and caspase3. Administration of DZN also resulted in hepatic vacuolation, necrosis and congestion of hepatic sinusoids. Thymoquinone ameliorated the most deleterious effect of diazinon on hematological, biochemical, antioxidant, molecular and histopathological parameters in a dose dependent manner. Administration of TQ as a prophylactic dose is better.

Key words: diazinon, thymoquinone, oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity


Hematological And Biochemical Profile In Female … Eman A.Ebissy et., al.



HEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE IN FEMALE CAMELS (CAMELUS DROMEDARIUS)

DURING THE TRANSITION PERIOD Eman A.Ebissy1, Ahmed A. El-Sayed1*, Ragab Hassan Mohamed2

1Department of Animal health and Poultry, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center (DRC), Matariya, Cairo, Egypt,

2Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt


ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hematological and biochemical alterations in female camels during the transition period. Ten apparently healthy camels were randomly selected and subjected to clinical examination. The investigated camels demonstrated no detectable clinical illness and kept under veterinary supervision throughout the study period. A blood sample was collected from each camel for laboratory investigation before and after 2 and 4 weeks of parturition and at time of parturition. Our findings revealed a significant (p=0.001) high values of neutrophils, MCH and MCHC at +14, and a significant (p=0.001) low values of lymphocyte count at -14 and at time of parturition. The globulin concentration increased significantly (p=0.029) at +28. For serum phosphorus and magnesium concentrations, their values were significantly (P< 0.05) elevated at -14 and +28, respectively, while enzymatic activity of liver enzymes including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly (P< 005) elevated at +14, while serum activity of GGT and ALP continued at the same pattern at +28. For serum glucose and cortisol concentrations, their values were significantly elevated at (0), while serum creatinine concentrations were significantly (p=0.023) decreased at +14. Estrogen concentration increased significantly at -14 and 0, but decreased significantly at +14 and +28. Progesterone concentrations increased significantly at -14 and decreased at 0, +14 and +28. Other tested parameters did not differ significantly pre- and post-partum. The data presented in this study could be used as a reference guide for female camels during the transition period. Keywords: Biochemistry; camel; hematology; transition period

Monitoring Of Pathological Lesions In … Karam H. Al-Mallah & Mariem M.Hussien



MONITORING OF PATHOLOGICAL LESIONS IN NON-GRAVID OVINE UTERUS

Karam H. Al-Mallah1* and Mariem M.Hussien2 1Department of pathology and poultry diseases, college of Veterinary Medicine,

University of Mosul, Iraq.

2Veterinary hospital, Ninavah directorate of agriculture, Iraq.


ABSTRACT

A total of 108 non-gravid ovine uteri were collected from slaughtered ewes at Mosul slaughter house and private butcheries to monitor and identify the uterine pathological lesions. The uteri were grossly examined for observation of gross pathological lesions. Tissues samples were collected for histopathological studies. The incidence of different pathological lesions was calculated. Diffuse or nodular endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial degeneration and desquamation and endometrial coagulative necrosis at ratios 36.11%, 20.37% and 16.66% respectively. Endometritis and subendometrial fibrosis were noticed in 7.40% and 3.70% of the examined samples. Also vascular hyperemia and vascular wall thickening were observed in 12.96% and 5.55% of total examined samples. It is concluded that most of the detected lesions in nongravid uteri appears to be related with previous infections or pregnancies.

Keywords: Nongravid uteri, lesions, ewes

Mycological Examination Of Fish Feed Stuff With Special … Maha M.Kholife et., al.



MYCOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF FISH FEED STUFF WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO

MYCOTOXIN PRODUCTION Maha M.Kholife1, 2*, Amgad A.Moawad1, Amany M.Diab3, Abeer, M.S. El-

keredy 4 1 Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Animal Health

Research Institute, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt. 2 Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. 3Aquatic Microbiology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries sciences, Kafrelsheikh

University.4Department of Biochemistry, Nutritional deficiency diseases and Toxicology, Animal Health Research Institute, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt. *Corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT Mycotoxin contamination is considered as one of the most economic problems for livestock and feed industries. A total of thirty fish feedstuffs were collected for isolation and identification of fungi from fish farms in Kafr El Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. Five fungal genera were isolated from all examined feedstuffs. The most frequent isolated fungi wasAspergillus spp. (86.66%) followed by Penicillium spp.(23.33%), and Fusariam spp. (10%), Mucor spp. (6.66%) then Rhizopus spp. (3.33%). Aspergillus niger was the most prevailing genus (43.33%) followed by Aspergillus flavus((30%), and Aspergillus fumigatus (6.66%), Aspergillus versicolor (3.33%) then Aspergillus terrus (3.33%). Aspergillus ochraceus was not found despite the presence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in low concentrations. Some mycotoxins were produced by more than one fungal species. Mycotoxins determination using HPLC revealed that 23.33% (7/30) of examined fish feed samples were positive, while 23 samples (76.66%) were mycotoxins free. In positive samples of mycotoxins, aflatoxins (AF) and OTA represented 23.33%, 10%, respectively. The estimated carcinogenic aflatoxins were AFB1,AFB2, AFG1 with a percentage of 23.33%, 13.34%, 6.67%, respectively, but AFG2 was not found. About 42.86% of the AFs producing fish feeds was higher than the permissible limit of aflatoxins (permissible limit is 20 ppb). The aflatoxigenic ability of the recovered nine A. flavus referred to 6 out of 9 (66.67%) were aflatoxin producers. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using the norsolonic acid reductase (nor), versicolorin A (ver-1)and O-methylsterigmatocystin (omtA) as aflatoxin producing genes of the isolated A. flavus strains. From the AF producing A. flavus, 50% was above the permissible limit. Therefore, the high contamination of fish feedstuffs with fungi, AFB1 andlow OTA in fish farms indicated potential risks to fish liveliness, derived products and the health of fish consumers. Keywords: Fish feedstuff; fungi; aflatoxins; ochratoxin A


Using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction To Study … Alaa A. Sherif et., al.



USING REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF SALICYLIC ACID AND

SODIUM CHLORIDE ON THE PYOCYANIN PRODUCTION OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA

Alaa A. Sherif, Hesham S. Nada, Amgad A. Moawad*, Ibrahim E. El- desouky, Salwa M. Helmy

Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Egypt

*Corresponding author, E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium that seizes the opportunity to cause serious infections in both man and animals. Pyocyanin is a strong virulence factor produced by P. aeruginosa. The present study was performed to explain the effect of salicylic acid (aspirin) and sodium chloride (NaCl) on P. aeruginosa and Pyocyanin using concentrations of 1.5%, 3% and 6% for aspirin and 3%, 6% and 9% for NaCl. The effectiveness of aspirin and NaCl was detected by real time PCR (qPCR). The P. aeruginosa isolate was from broilers suffering from septicemia in Zagazig city, Egypt. The study revealed that 6% and 9% concentration of NaCl had a bactericidal effect on the bacterium but 3% concentration of NaCl has an inhibitory effect on both the growth and the expression of Pyocyanin (by 0.5-fold lesser than the untreated sample). Also, data revealed that 1.5%, 3% and 6% concentrations of aspirin inhibited the growth and reduced the expression of pyocyanin with slight various degrees (by 0.7955, 0.4234, 0.1948-fold lesser than untreated sample, relatively). The results of this study could be useful in pharmacological intervention and clinical therapy as aspirin and NaCl could be combined with antimicrobial agents to treat Pseudomonas infections.

Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; pyocyanin; sodium chloride; salicylic acid


Phenotypic And Molecular Identification Of Yeasts … Amgad A. Moawad et., al.



PHENOTYPIC AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF YEASTS ISOLATED FROM CULTURED TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) IN

KAFRELSHEIKH PROVINCE, EGYPT Amgad A. Moawad1*, Ahmed I. Noor El Deen2, Nadia B. Mahfouz3,

Salwa M. Helmy1, Yasmen F. Hashem4 1Departments of Bacteriology, Mycology & Immunology Department, Faculty of

Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. 2Department of Hydrobiology, Veterinary Division, National Research Center, Egypt. 3Department of Fish Diseases and

Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. 4Veternarian in Directorate of Veterinary Medicine in Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.


ABSTRACT The present study aimed to identify yeasts by phenotypic, biochemical and genotypic methods. Three hundred live Oreochromis niloticus samples were collected from different locations at Kafrelsheikh Governorate, Egypt and during different seasons. Yeast isolates were identified according to their phenotypical characterization in combination with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. Two hundred and twenty-six yeast isolates from eighty diseased and two hundred and twenty apparently healthy O. niloticus samples. Isolated yeasts were Rhodotorula spp. (18.14%), Candida albicans (19.47%), Candida parapsilosis (16.37%), Candida guilliermondii (14.6%), Candida inconspicua (8.85%), Trichosporon asahii (17.25%), Geotrichum spp. (2.66%) and unidentified Ascus forming yeasts (2.66%). Yeasts most frequently isolated from gills and skin. Phenotypic methods are valuable in identification of yeasts into genera but these methods take more time. Molecular methods through the amplification of (internal transcribed spacer) ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions of fungal rRNA, followed by RFLP-PCR usingMsp1 restriction enzyme allowed simple, rapid, cost-effective, sensetive and accurate identification of the phenotypically identified yeasts.

Keywords: Oreochromis niloticus; yeast; PCR; Msp1; PCR-RFLP.


Characterization Of Class 1 Integrons And Some … Safaa M. Shabana et., al.



CHARACTERIZATION OF CLASS 1 INTEGRONS AND SOME ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE GENES

IN SALMONELLA SPECIES ISOLATED FROM POULTRY IN EGYPT

Safaa M. Shabana1*, Salwa M. Helmy2, Abd El-Halem M. Hegazy3

1 Department of Microbiology, Animal Health Research Institute, Kafr El Sheikh branch, Agriculture research center, Giza, Egypt. 2 Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and

immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. 3Department of Poultry Disease, Animal Health Research Institute, Kafr El Sheikh branch,

Agriculture research center, Giza, Egypt.


ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica includes serotypes that were implicated as a food borne pathogens crucially affecting public health and the economic organization. This study was directed to isolate and identify of Salmonella strains from 222 different species and ages of poultry (broiler, chick, ducks, pigeon, quails) from Kafr El Sheikh governorate. The Salmonella isolation rate was (4.5%) as (0.9%) from apparently healthy, (3.6%) from diseased birds. The outer membrane protein F gene was used as promising tool for detection of Genus Salmonella, after that four isolates were identified serologically as two Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and two Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. The resistance pattern of positive Salmonella isolates showed multidrug resistance phenotypes and qnrS for quinolone resistant genes was recorded in one isolate while blaTEM for β-lactam resistant isolates, aacC for aminoglycosides were recorded in all four Salmonella isolates using PCR technique. Also, Class 1 integrons detected with a percentage of (100%) in examined isolates. Sequencing of the class 1 integrons cassettes showed genes encoding resistance specified to streptothricin acetyltransferase (sat) gene, aminoglycoside acetyltransferase (aac3-Id) and aminoglycoside adenyltransferase (aadA7). Class 1 integrons harbored gene encoding domains unfunction protein (duf) in one S. enterica serovar Typhimurium isolate. This study spotlights the significant role of the drug–resistance genes and Class 1 integrons in Salmonella as zoonotically important pathogens of public health importance.

Keywords: Poultry; Salmonella; drug- resistance genes; Integrons gene cassettes.

Isolation And Identification Of Some Possible Causative … Nasif S. Abdelmoez et., al.



ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF SOME POSSIBLE CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF SWOLLEN HEAD SYNDROME

(SHS) IN BROILER CHICKENS IN EGYPT

Nasif S. Abdelmoez1, M.M. Shawky2, Heba A. Abdelhady3, M.A. Lebdah2 and Selim S. Salama1

1 Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbasia, Cairo - Egypt. 2 Avian and Rabbit Medicine Dept. Faculty of Vet. Med., Zagazig University – Sharkya –

Egypt. 3 Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Alexandria branch, Egypt

*Corresponding author:[email protected]

ABSTRACT

The current study was designed to detect, isolate and identify the etiological agents of SHS in chicken flocks in Egypt. Clinical samples from different flocks, ages and localities including the trachea, lung and choanal cleft swabs were collected from non-vaccinated commercial broiler flocks with respiratory signs then transmitted directly to the laboratory for further examination. Avian metapneumovirus RNA (aMPV RNA) was extracted then amplified using one step RT-PCR using both subtype A and B (G gene) primers then differentiation occurred by real time PCR (qPCR). Swab samples from subcutaneous edema and exudates were directly cultured and the suspected bacterial colonies were biochemically identified then confirmed by PCR. Four samples were positive and one doubtful for aMPV using RT-PCR confirmed by qPCR. Bacteria isolation revealed that out of 40 samples, 16 samples were positive for E.coli, 4 samples were positive for P. aeruginosa, 6 samples were positive for P. mirabilis, 4 were mixed E. coli and P. aeruginosa, 8 were mixed E. coli with P. mirabilis and 2 samples were mixed P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa. Depending on these findings, we could prescribe a preliminary guide to decrease SHS outbreaks by primary control of bacterial complication.

Keywords: Swollen Head Syndrome, PCR, bacterial complication


Field Application For Experimental Inactivated … Selim S. Salama et., al.



FIELD APPLICATION FOR EXPERIMENTAL INACTIVATED MULTIVALENT P. MULTOCIDA AND AVIAN INFLUENZA (H9N2) VACCINE IN POULTRY

Selim S. Salama1, Heba A. Abdelhady2 and Lamiaa Atia3 1 Central Laboratory for Evaluation of veterinary Biologics (CLEVB), Cairo - Egypt. 2 Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Alexandria branch, Alexandria – Egypt.

3 Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Banha branch, Qalyubia – Egypt.


ABSTRACT

Fowl cholera (FC) and Avian Influenza (AI) are two of the major economically important respiratory and septicaemic disease of poultry in Egypt and allover the world. A field trails was conducted to evaluate the immunogenicity of an experimentally multivalent inactivated Fowl cholera (P. multocida) and Avian Influenza (H9N2) vaccine. The In this study a combined inactivated Montanide ISA fowl cholera and AI vaccine was prepared then the immunization potency and protective efficacy were evaluated through experimental application on different poultry breeds including broiler breeder, broiler and turkey flocks.The peak of humeral immune response against P. multocida as measured by ELISA was at the 5th week post vaccination and at 3rd week post boostering all over the used poultry flocks. At the same time, AI immune response as measured by HI reached the peak at the 6th week post vaccination and at 2nd week post boostering. Regarding the challenge test, the protection levels were 76.6, 70 and 80% and 90, 86.6 and 93.3% against P. multocida while protection levels were 83.3, 80 and 86.6% and 93.3, 90 and 96.6% against AI virus after challenge with the used virulent strains post single and booster dose respectively. In conclusion the combined prepared fowl cholera and AI vaccine succeeded in eliciting protective antibody titres and full protection against both fowl cholera and AI diseases.

Keywords: Pasteurella multocida, AI, vaccine, ELISA, PHA, HI, challenge test.

Dentification Of Virulent Newcastle Disease Viruses … Abd Ellwahed El-Shawadfi et., al.



IDENTIFICATION OF VIRULENT NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUSES IN BROILERS IN KAFRELSHEIKH

GOVERNORATE THROUGH THE YEAR 2017

Abd Ellwahed El-Shawadfi1*, Fares El-Khyat2, AbdEl-Galil El-Gohary2 1 General Organization of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.

2Department of Poultry& Rabbits diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt.


ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to identify virulent Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) circulating in broilers in Kafrelsheikh Governorate during the year 2017. Recognition of the virulent NDV strains to identify their degree of identity with the currently used vaccines against Newcastle disease in order to predict degree of protective immunity that can be offered by traditionally vaccines used against these virulent NDVs. The obtained results revealed presence of 11 samples positive for NDV as detected by inoculation into chick embryo via allantoic cavity route followed by HA and HI test. Furthermore, by using specific primers for F region to detect genotype VII, only 4 out of the positive 11 samples belonged to class II genotype VII sub genotype d were detected.

Keywords: Newcastle disease virus, genotype VII, broilers, Egypt.


Ultrasound-Guided Brachial Plexus Nerve … Ayman S. Atiba et., al.



ULTRASOUND-GUIDED BRACHIAL PLEXUS NERVE BLOCK IN DONKEYS

Ayman S. Atiba1*, Alaa Ghazy1, Foad A. Farrag2, Mohammed A. El-Magd2, Essam A. Almadaly3

1 Departments of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Egypt.

2 Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Egypt.

3 Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt.


ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to describe and evaluate the ultrasound-guided technique and the anatomical relation for brachial plexus block in donkeys. In the first study, three donkey's cadavers were used to determine the neuroanatomical description of the brachial plexus. In the second study, four donkeys were used to evaluate the ultrasound structure of brachial plexus and the distribution of methylene blue solution that was injected around the nerves during subsequent postmortem anatomical dissection. In the third study, six donkeys were used to evaluate the efficient of the ultrasound-guided brachial plexus block after injection of lidocaine. Ultrasound was used to identify brachial plexus and blood vessels. Anatomical scrutiny assured the relationship between the nerves and the blood vessels. The nerves were adequately stained with methylene blue solution in all donkeys. A volume of 25 mL of lidocaine per injection site resulted in effective sensitive and motor block of forelimbs nerves after brachial plexus block. Based on the obtained data we could conclude that brachial plexus nerve block guided by ultrasound can be used in surgery of donkey distal fore limb.

Keywords: ultrasound; brachial plexus; nerve block; donkey.


Occurrence And Risk Factors Of Digital Dermatitis … El-Sayed A. El-Shafaey et., al.



OCCURRENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF DIGITAL DERMATITIS IN EGYPTIAN DAIRIES

El-Sayed A. El-Shafaey1,3, Mohamed Z. Sayed-Ahmed 2,4, Sherif M. Shoeib5, Sabry A. El-khodery2*,

1Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt, 2Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansour

35516, Egypt, 3Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia, 4Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan45142, Saudi Arabia, 5Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University,

Mansoura 35516,Egypt,


ABSTRACT In the present study, the prevalence of digital dermatitis (DD) and the related risk factors in dairy cows was investigated. For 12 months, information about the establishment of DD lesions and other claw disorders in dairy cows was collected. A questionnaire was designed to get data about age, milk yield, season, parity, transition period, concurrent diseases and biosecurity. The hind claws were more affected than fore claws (95.24 vs 4.76%) particularly the left hind claws (56.67%). However, The DD more prevalent during the second lactation than the third lactation (42.85 vs 36.50%) and first lactation (42.85 vs. 19.06%) which gradually decreased reaching the lowest incidence in heifer cows (42.85 vs 1.59%). Furthermore, DD was more prevalent during summer and autumn. Based on cow level, the final step of logistic regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between DD and cow’ age (P

Treatment And Outcome Of Horses With Cutaneous … Hoda Elkhenany et., al.



TREATMENT AND OUTCOME OF HORSES WITH CUTANEOUS PYTHIOSIS, AND META-ANALYSIS

OF SIMILAR REPORTS

Hoda Elkhenany1†*, Shady Nabil1, 2†, Howaida Abu-Ahmed1, Hassan Mahmoud3, Ahmed Korritum1 and Hoda Khalifa4

1 Department of surgery, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. 2 Brooke hospital for animals, Mansoura, Egypt. 3 Department of

Information systems, Faculty of computers and informatics, Banha University, Egypt. 4 Department of Histology, Faculty of medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

† Equal contributor, *Corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Pythiosis is reported to be one of the most life-threatening infections of people and animals in tropical, subtropical and temperate areas worldwide. Infection can result from ingesting zoospores of Pythium insidiosum organism or from contact with water contaminated with zoospores. The ingestion of zoospores may result in enteric pythiosis, whereas cutaneous contact with zoospores/oomycete may result in cutaneous pythiosis. Here, we report 10 horses with pythiosis introduced to our clinic. These horses were treated by excision of the lesion and application of an antifungal cream to the resulting wound. Also, we performed a meta-analysis of 214 horses, in 18 reports, affected with cutaneous pythiosis and analysed the influence of the horse’s sex, age, lesion site, and treatment on outcome. Treatment of horses in these 18 reports varied from surgical excision, topical, regional or systemic administration of an antifungal drug, immunization, or a combination of treatments. Horses with the most successful outcome were those treated by excision of the lesion coupled with systemic or topical administration of an antifungal drug. Horses treated by immunization responded the poorest.

Keywords: Pythiosis; Skin lesions; Equine; Surgery; Pythium insidiosum.


A Comparison Of Transcutaneous, Transrectal, And … Alaa E. Ghazy et., al.



A COMPARISON OF TRANSCUTANEOUS, TRANSRECTAL, AND HAND ASSISTED LAPAROSCOPIC ABDOMINAL

ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN STANDING HORSES Alaa E. Ghazy1, Seleim A. Magdi1, Elsayad A. Gamal1, Jan F. Hawkins2,

James F. Naughton3,Hock G. Heng4,Baird DK5, William R. Widmer6, 1 Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Kafrelsheikh University, kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt 2-6 Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University,

West Lafayette, IN 47907-2026, USA

ABSTRACT Objective: The study was designed to compare three imaging modalities transcutaneous (TC), transrectal (TR), and hand assisted laparoscopic ultrasonography (HALU) for evaluation of the abdominal viscera in the horse, and compared against the gold standard of actual measurements from each organ at PM examination after 30 days of surgery

Animals: 6 horses

Procedures:Six normal, non-pregnant mares were examined with TC, TR, and HALU. The TC and HALU were performed with the same probe so that a more accurate resolution comparison could be made. Measurements were taken from each of the different ultrasound images.

Results: the measurements obtained with HALU were much closer to that obtained with the PM examination and more accurate than those obtained with TC and TR ultrasonography. The measurements obtained with TR are more accurate than those obtained with the TC. This illustrates the accuracy of HALU ultrasound compared to TC and TR ultrasonography.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: It was obvious via subjective and objective results of image analysis that HALU was far more accurate and had better resolution than TC and TR. TC and TR ultrasonography would be recommend to be used as an initial screening method to evaluate the abdominal viscera, but if more details regarding organ structure are needed, HALU should be performed without reservation.

Transrectal Ultrasonography And Rectal Palpation For … Adel A. Ramoun et., al.



TRANSRECTAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND RECTAL PALPATION FOR JUDGING UTERINE AND CERVICAL INVOLUTIONS IN BUFFALO: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Adel A. Ramoun*1; Essam A. Almadaly 1; Hamdy A. Hattab2; Samy A. Darwish3 and Ismail I. EL- Kon1.

1Departmet of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Egypt.

2General Authority for Veterinary Services, Kafr EL-Sheikh, Egypt. 3Mahallet Mousa Buffalo Research Station, Animal Production Research

Institute, Agriculture, Research Center, Egypt.

*Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT Uterine and cervical involutions were judged by transrectal ultrasonography (US) versus rectal palpations (RP) in buffaloes (n =26). The diameters of the pregravid uterine horn (PGUHD) and cervix (CvD) were estimated by both transrectal US and RP every three days until gross uterine or cervical involution. Also, the US-measured PGUHD and CvD were recorded on the day of gross uterine or cervical involution on the basis of RP. The combined thickness of the myometrium and perimetrium of the pregravid uterine horn (PGUHMPT) and cervical wall thickness (CvWT) were parallelly estimated with US-measuring of PGUHD and CvD. The intervals to gross uterine (P< 0.05) and cervical (P< 0.01) involutions, on the basis of RP, were shorter than those on the basis of US. Both US-measured PGUHD and PGUHMPT, on the day of involution on the basis of US, were less than their US-measured counterparts on the day of a gross involution on the basis of RP. Both US-measured CvD and CvWT, on the day of cervical involution on the basis of US, were less than their US-measured counterparts on the day of involution on the basis of RP. It is concluded that US- measuring of the pregravid uterine horn diameter and the combined thickness of myometrium and perimetrium as well as cervical diameter and its wall thickness, is more accurate than RP-measuring of diameters of pregravid uterine horn and cervix for assessing the involution of the reproductive tract in buffaloes.

Keywords:buffalo; involution; ultrasonography; cervical; combine thickness.


Effect Of Different Cryoprotectants On The Post-Thaw … Essam A. Almadaly et., al.



EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CRYOPROTECTANTS ON THE POST-THAW SPERM CHARACTERISTICS

AND IN VIVO FERTILITY OF BUFFALO (BUBALUS BUBALIS) BULL SEMEN

Essam A. Almadaly1,*, Fady S. Tawfik2, Ismail I. El-Kon1, Bassiouni A. Heleil1, El-Sayed M. Fattouh1

1 Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, El-Geish Street, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. 2 Artificial Insemination Center,

Veterinary Medicine Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture, Al-Gharbia, Egypt. *Corresponding author: [email protected]; [email protected]

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the effect of different cryoprotectants, glycerol (GLY) or ethylene glycol (EG) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on sperm characteristics, and in vivo fertility of frozen-thawed buffalo-bull semen. A total of 85 ejaculates collected by artificial vagina from buffalo-bulls of proven fertility were used in this study. The collected ejaculates were examined for volume, motility, viability, morphology, and sperm cell concentration. The qualifying ejaculates (≥ 3 mass motion, > 70% progressive motility and viability, < 15% abnormal morphology and > 1 x 109 sperm cells/mL) were pooled and diluted with Tris-based diluent containing either 7% GLY or 5% EG or 5% DMSO. After 4 h equilibration time, the diluted semen was loaded in 0.5 mL straws, labeled, sealed and frozen stored until analysis. Frozen straws were thawed and evaluated for progressive motility, viability, hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST), acrosomal membrane integrity, and acrosome reaction (AR) in response to calcium ionophore A23187. Moreover, in vivo fertility was calculated after artificial insemination (AI) of 75 buffalo-cows (25 female/cryoprotectant) treated with double doses of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) 11 days interval. The proportions of progressive motility, viability and intact-acrosome were higher (p< 0.05) in extender containing 7% GLY compared to 5% EG and 5% DMSO. The proportion of intact-plasma membrane was comparable (p ≥ 0.05) between GLY and EG but higher than that of DMSO. A time-dependent increase in the % AR and % relative AR was recorded in the three cryoprotectants with clear significant (p< 0.01) difference among them at 30 and 60 min incubation, respectively. Moreover, GLY yielded higher pregnancy rate (52%) than EG (32%) and DMSO (16%). In conclusion, GLY is recommended for preservation of buffalo-bull semen in order to maintain sperm plasma membrane integrity and improve in vivo fertility of frozen-thawed buffalo-bull semen. Keywords: Buffalo-bull, Frozen-thawed semen, Cryoprotectant, Estrus

synchronization, In vivo fertility.

Assessment The Synchrony Between Uterine Status And … Adel A. Ramoun et., al.



ASSESSMENT THE SYNCHRONY BETWEEN UTERINE STATUS AND HORMONAL PROFILES IN MODIFIED

OVSYNC PROTOCOLS IN RELATION TO FERTILITY IN BUFFALOES

Adel A. Ramoun 1*; Ismail I. EL- Kon1; Essam A. Almadaly1; Aly M. Aly2 and Hasballah A. Abo EL- Ghate3

1 Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El- Sheikh, 33516, Egypt. 2General Authority for Veterinary Services, Kafr EL-Sheikh, Egypt. 3Mahallet Mousa Buffalo Research Station, Animal Production

Research Institute, Agriculture, Research Center, Egypt. *Corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT A total of 36 pluriparous buffaloes were used to study the uterine morphometry in response to serum estradiol concentrations and associated estrogen receptors (ERs) expression in modified ovsync protocols. The buffaloes were assigned to St-ovsync, CIDR-sync and Insulin- sync (n=12 for each). The St-ovsync consisted of two IM injections of 20µg buserelin on the Day 0 (GnRH1) and on the Day 9 (GnRH2) and an IM injection of 500 µg of cloprostenol sodium (Estrumate) on the Day 7. Buffaloes in CIDR-sync and Insulin-sync protocols were treated as in the St-Ovsync protocol in addition to intravaginal insertion of CIDR from the Day 0 to 7 in case CIDR-sync and SC injection of Insulin at a dose of 0.25 lu/kg on the Days 7, 8 and 9 in Insulin-sync. Blood samples were collected and the uterine wall thickness (UWT) was simultaneously measured by transrectal ultrasonography on the Days 0, 3, 5, 7, 8 and 9. Endometrial biopsy samples were collected from five buffaloes per group for quantifying the abundance of estrogen receptors. The UWT on the Days 3 and 5 showed a decrease (p

The Modulatory Effect Of Dietary Betaine On Intestinal … Taha Ismail et., al.



THE MODULATORY EFFECT OF DIETARY BETAINE ON INTESTINAL ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY, LIPOGENESIS

AND EXPRESSION OF LIPID METABOLISM- AND GROWTH-RELATED GENES IN NILE TILAPIA

FED ON SOYBEAN MEAL-BASED DIET Taha Ismail1, El-Desoky Nassef1, El-Sayed Hegazi1, Abdel-Nasser Bakr1,

Eman M. Moustafa2*, Walied Abdo3, Zizy I. Elbialy4 1Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. 2Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University. 3Department of Pathology, Faculty of

Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University. 4Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University


ABSTRACT The current experiment was randomly designed in a 2×2 factorial design. Two dietary protein sources were utilized; fish meal and soybean meal; with betaine incorporation to both of them. This study aimed to determine the impact of incorporation of betaine into soybean meal-based (SBM) diets through its effects on growth performance, intestinal healthiness and expression of some lipid metabolism- and growth-related genes. Fish (19.84±0.20 g) were stocked in 12 aquaria and allotted into triplicate four groups (10 fish per aquarium). Four test diets were formulated to contain fish meal (FM) as a positive control, FM with betaine (FM + Betaine), SBM diet and SBM with betaine (SBM + Betaine), respectively. After 60 days, dietary betaine improved the growth performance of fish fed FM or SBM as revealed by higher final body weight, body weight gain and average daily gain and lower feed conversion ratio. Monitoring the whole-body composition revealed that addition of betaine to diet relatively augmented flesh protein content and reduced its fat content. In addition, betaine incorporation in diets significantly (P

Impact Of Biomos And Agrimos Dietary Supplementation On … Fawzy I. Magouz et., al.



IMPACT OF BIOMOS AND AGRIMOS DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE,

FEED UTILIZATION AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF NILE TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS

NILOTICUS)FINGERLINGS Fawzy I. Magouz1, Mahmoud F. Salem2, Eman M. Moustafa3,*

and Salwa A. Elkhamy1 1Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University,

Postal code: 33516, Egypt. 2Sakha, Aquaculture Research Unit, Central Lab for Aquaculture Research, Abbasa, Sharkia- ARC, Egypt. 3 Department of Fish Diseases and

Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University.


ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of Biomos® and Agrimos® as prebiotics in Nile tilapia diets. Seven experimental treatments were formulated from 30% protein basal diet to contain Biomos® and Agrimos® at levels of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 % for each, in addition to the control diet without any additives. Three hundreds and fifteen fingerlings of Nile Tilapia (O. niloticus) with average initial weight (7 ± 0.5 g), were randomly allocated into 7 treated groups allotted into 21 glass aquaria (three replicates of 15 fish / each treatment). Each aquarium measured 60× 35× 40 cm2. The fish were fed at 3% fish biomass along the experiment which lasted for 15 weeks. The results revealed significant improvements in growth and all feed utilization parameters in the prebiotic supplemented groups. The diets containing Biomos® (0.1%)and Agrimos® (0.2%) revealed the highestgrowth and protein utilization parameters values. Experimental fish carcass composition was relatively affected by the different dietary treatments. The hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters of the experimented groups indicated significant increase in Biomos®and Agrimos® treated groups. The achieved results demonstrated that Biomos®and Agrimos®at levels of 0.1% and 0.2%, respectively could be used in Nile tilapia diets without negative effects on growth, feed utilization, blood and immunological parameters. Hence, Biomos® and Agrimos® could be added to commercial diets to improve tilapia fingerlings immune response.

Keywords: agrimos, biomos, growth, immunity, oreochromisniloticus.

Influence Of Dietary Vitamin C On Growth Performance, … Ramadan S. Shewita et., al.



INFLUENCE OF DIETARY VITAMIN C ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS

AND TRANSCRIPT LEVELS OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS IN HIGH STOCKING DENSITY

REARED BROILER CHICKENS Ramadan S. Shewita1, Karima El-Naggar1, Walaa S. H. Abd El Naby2*

1Department of Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt. 2Genetics and Genetic

Engineering, Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt


ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of different levels of vitamin C (VC) in broiler chicken reared under high stocking density on the growth performance, blood biochemical parameters and the expression of heat shock protein genes. A total of 150, one day old mixed sex broiler chicks (Cobb500) were randomly distributed in five equal groups. Group1 was reared in normal stocking density (10.6 birds/m2) and fed on the basal diet (BD) without VC (control). While, chicks in other groups (2, 3, 4 and 5) reared in high stocking density (15.6 birds/m2) and fed on BD supplemented with VC at 0, 200, 400 and 600 mg / kg diet, respectively. Birds reared in high stocking density showed a reduction of the final body weight and total feed intake, with high mortality (6.6%). Moreover, they revealed a significant up-regulation of HSP70 mRNA and elevated HSP90 and HSF1 mRNA expression in heart and liver tissue. Graded dietary levels of VC provided variable protection against the hazard of high density through improved final body weight and total feed intake, decreased the mortality % and downregulated liver HSP70 expression level. However, the best performance was observed in birds supplemented with 200 mg/kg VC (group 3).

Keywords: Chicks' growth performance; Gene expression; Stocking Density; Vitamin C.


Utilization Of Sugar Beet By Products In Feeding Growing … Mohamed Ali et., al.



UTILIZATION OF SUGAR BEET BY PRODUCTS IN FEEDING GROWING RAHMANI LAMBS

Mohamed Ali1, Nabil Eweedah1, Hamed Gaafar2* and Metwally Abd El-Salam2

1Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. 2Animal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center,

Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.


ABSTRACT Twenty female Rahmani lambs with an average initial body weight 31.01±0.68 kg were randomly divided into four similar groups (5 in each group). To receive one of the tested rations, Ration1 containing 50% concentrate feed mixture1 plus 50% berseem hay as a control ration. In rations 2 and 4, 50% of berseem hay was replaced by dry sugar beet tops. While, in rations 3 and 4, 50% energy ingredients (yellow corn grains, wheat bran and rice bran) were replaced by dry sugar beet pulp in concentrate feed mixture 2. Ration 3 had significantly (P

Alleviation Of Chronic Heat Stress In Broilers By Dietary … Saad I. Al-Sultan et., al.



ALLEVIATION OF CHRONIC HEAT STRESS IN BROILERS BY DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF

NOVEL FEED ADDITIVE COMBINATIONS Saad I. Al-Sultan1, Sherief M. Abdel-Raheem1, 2*,

Sherief M.S. Abd-Allah3, Abobakr M. Edris1,4 1Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Husbandry, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, 400 Al-Ahsa ,31982, Saudi Arabia. 2Department of

Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, 71526, Egypt. 3Department of Food Hygiene (Meat Hygiene), Faculty of

Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, 71526, Egypt. 4Food hygiene and control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.


ABSTRACT Heat stress causes economic losses via decreasing feed intake, nutrient digestion, weight gain, feed conversion, immunity, carcass quality and increasing mortality in broilers. The aim of the study was to assess the ability of dietary additive combinations to ameliorate the detrimental effect caused by chronic heat stress (32 ± 2ºC for 24 h per d) on performance, carcass traits, metabolic status and economic efficiency of broiler chickens. A total of 420, one-day old Cobb-500 broiler chicks were assigned into seven treatment groups (n=60) of five replicates. Each replicate contained 12 unsexed chicks.The control groups did not receive any supplementation to the basal diet (thermoneutral control (TNC) and heat stress control (HSC) groups). The other groups received control diet supplemented with 1 % cumin plus 1 % turmeric powders (T1); 1.5 g/kg potassium chloride plus 2 g/kg sodium bicarbonate (T2); 1000 ppm propolis plus 15000 IU vitamin A (T3); 1200 ppb chromium plus 500 ppm vitamin C (T4) ; 1200 ppm betaine plus 500 ppm vitamin E (T5). The results indicated that at 42 d of age, all dietary additive combinations improved the growth performance indices, carcass traits, concentrations of serum antioxidant enzyme biomarkers, stress biomarkers and economic efficiency in comparison to HSC group. Based on the obtained results, it could be concluded that dietary supplementation with betaine and vitamin E followed by chromium and vitamin C combinations offers a good management practice for alleviating heat stress related depression in the performance of broiler chickens.

Keywords: heat stress; broilers; vitamin C; betaine; chromium; propolis; turmeric.


Using Of Animal By Products As An Alternative Protein … Malik M. Khalafalla et., al.



USING OF ANIMAL BY PRODUCTS AS AN ALTERNATIVE PROTEIN SOURCE IN NILE TILAPIA

(OREOCHROMISNILOTICUS) DIETS

Malik M. Khalafalla; Rady A. Mohamed1; Mohamed M. Zayed and Ahmed A. Metwally*

1Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-sheikh, Egypt


ABSTRACT

Four diets were formulated to include different sources of animal by-products as a protein source in Nile tilapia (5.79 ± 0.05 g) diets. The first group fed diet containing fish meal (T1), while the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups fed a mixture of poultry by-product meal (PBM), animal by-product meal (ABM) and kitchen waste meal (KWM) at 50:25:25 (T2); 25:50:25 (T3) and 25:25:50 (T4) ratio, respectively. All diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isolipidic. After 120 days, apparent digestibility and growth parameters were measured. The obtained results revealed that, the chemical composition of fish meal had the highest value of protein followed by PBM and KWM. Fish meal had higher essential amino acids content, except for the threonine and arginine amino acids, followed by PBM and ABM. The highest apparent digestibility of crude protein and ether extract were recorded in T1 and T2 followed by T4 and T3 groups. T1 and T2 groups exhibited significantly (P

Ffect Of Some Feed-Additives On The Growth Performance, … Maha S. A. Salama et., al.



FFECT OF SOME FEED-ADDITIVES ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE, PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE AND

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF RABBITS SUBJECTED TO OCHRATOXIN-A

FEED CONTAMINATION Maha S. A. Salama1, Wael A. M. Morsy1,

Radi A. Mohamed*2 and Samy A. El-Midany3 1Animal Production Research Institute, Kafr El-Sheikh branch, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki-Egypt. 2Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries,

Kafrelsheikh University, El-Geish Street, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. 3Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh

University, (P.O. 33516) Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt. *corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT This experiment aimed to evaluate the toxic influence of ochratoxin- A (OTA) feed contamination and the effectiveness of some feed-additives (Humic acids, Bio-Plus 2B, Bio-Mos) in detoxifying ochratoxicosis. Thirty five day old weaned Animal Production Research Institute (APRI) rabbits were selected and were allocated to four groups. Group 1 (control, OTA group): rabbits were fed basal diet (ochratoxin- A level: 19 μg /kg diet). Group 2: rabbits were fed a basal diet containing 0.2 % humic acid. Group 3: rabbits were fed a basal diet containing 0.4 mg/kg diet Bacillussubtilis and Bacillus licheniformis (Bio-Plus 2B). Group 4: rabbits were fed a basal diet containing 0.1% Manna oligosaccharides (Bio-Mos). The control group showed significantly reduced feed intake, daily weight gain and growth performance index. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in AST, ALT, malondialdehyde, creatinine, and urea. Moreover, Bio-Mos group revealed significantly increased serum Hemoglobin, PCV, RBCs, MCV and RBCs/ lymphocyte ratio,and significantly decreased serum SOD and CAT activities. Additionally, internal organs (liver, kidney and intestine) of groups received feed additives revealed less deteriorative change in histopathological investigations in comparison with the control group. In conclusion, supplementation of contaminated feed with ochratoxin-A by feed-additivesimproves feed intake and final body weight and reduces mortality rate of rabbits. In addition, it improves liver and kidney functions and reduces its pathological changes, and restores antioxidant to its normal level. Keywords: rabbits, ochratoxin-A, growth performance, anti-oxidant

Laying Performance, Fat Digestibility And Liver … Mohamed I. El-Katcha et., al.



LAYING PERFORMANCE, FAT DIGESTIBILITY AND LIVER CONDITION OF LAYING HENS SUPPLEMENTED

WITH VITAMIN B12 OR BIOTIN AND/ OR BILE ACIDS IN DIET

Mohamed I. El-Katcha, Mosaad A. Soltan, Karima El-Naggar*, Set A. El-Shobokshy and Mohamed A. El-Erian

Department of Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, 22758, Egypt.

*Corresponding author: [email protected]; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7847-7613.

ABSTRACT For 8 weeks feeding trial, two hundred and seventy, 53 weeks old laying hens were used to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of vitamin B12 or biotin and/or bile acids on performance, egg quality, fat digestibility and liver composition and histopathology. Birds were randomly divided into 6 groups (three replicates) and fed the experimental diets; group1 (G1) fed on the basal diet without additives as control while G2 and G3 supplemented with 0.02 ppm vitamin B12 and 0.3 mg biotin/kg diet respectively, groups 4-6 fed as the previous detailed design of G1- G3 with the addition of 400 g of dried bile acid (DBA) /tone feed. Biotin supplementation significantly (P˂0.05) increased body weight losses of laying hens, both vitamins significantly (P˂0.05) decreased daily feed intake (FI) and improved FCR. DBA addition alone or with biotin reduced these weight losses along with significant (P˂0.05) increase in daily FI. Vitamin B12 supplementation alone or with DBA increased average egg production (P˂0.05) while was reduced with biotin supplementation. Fat digestibility was non-significantly improved (P≥0.05) with both vitamins supplementation without or with DBA. Biotin significantly (P˂0.05) reduced the average yolk relative weight, which was increased when mixed with DBA, while significantly increased average egg albumin relative weight. Vitamin B12 or biotin addition without or with DBA non-significantly increased blood serum GOT and GPT activities, non-significantly reduced (P≥0.05) fat content of liver tissue (on dry matter or fresh basis) and serum lipid profile parameters except serum HDL concentration, was increased, with no histopathological changes in hepatic tissue. It could be summarized that vitamin B12 supplementation without or with DBA is recommended in layer diet as it gave the best performance, reduced serum lipid profile and improved fat digestibility and the hepatic health. Keywords: Layers; egg quality; liver; vitamin B12; biotin; bile acids.


Influence Of Vitamin E And Selenium Supplementation … Sherief M. Abdel-Raheem et., al.



INFLUENCE OF VITAMIN E AND SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE PERFORMANCE,

REPRODUCTIVE INDICES AND METABOLIC STATUS OF OSSIMI EWES

Sherief M. Abdel-Raheem1*, G. B Mahmoud2, Waleed Senosy3, Taymour M. El-Sherry4

1Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, 71526, Egypt. 2Department of Animal production, Faculty of

Agriculture, Assiut University. 3Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, 51714, Egypt. 4Department of Theriogenology,

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University. *Corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of pre and post-lambingintramuscular (i.m.) injections of vitamin E (VE) and selenium (Se) on the performance, reproductive indices and metabolic status of Ossimi ewes. A total of 20 pregnant ewes were divided randomly into two equal groups of ten animals. The control group (CG) was administered 3 ml of normal saline. The treated group (TG) was administered a combination of 5 mg of sodium selenite and 450 mg of VE twice weekly for 2 weeks pre and post lambing. The performance, reproductive indices, colostrum and milk mineral profiles, blood metabolites and antioxidant enzyme biomarkers were investigated in this experiment. VE and Se supplementation had a significant effect on ewe, lamb performance, colostrum and milk mineral profiles. The treated ewes lost less weight (0.7 kg) compared with the ewes in the control group (3.68 kg) on 30th day postpartum (P

Impact Of Altering Dietary Omeg 6 To Omega 3 Fatty Acids … Eldsokey Nassef et., al.



IMPACT OF ALTERING DIETARY OMEG 6 TO OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS RATIO ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS COMPOSITION, HEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL

PARAMETERS AND ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY OF THE INTESTINE OF NILE TILAPIA

Eldsokey Nassef1*, Elsayed Hegazi1, Ahmed Sherif2, Mohamed Elshamy2, Abdelnasser Bakr1, Tarek k. Abouzed3

1Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. 2Agriculture Research Center, Animal Health research Institute, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. 3Biochemistry Department, Faculty of

Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.


ABSTRACT The present study investigated the influence of altering omega 6 to omega 3 fatty acids (FA) ratio on growth, hemato- biochemical parameters and absorptive capacity of Nile tilapia. One hundred and fifty fingerlings (25.1±0.3 g), were assigned into 3 groups (5 replicates each) and fed on iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets. Diets were supplemented with fish and soy oil to create 3 different ratio of omega 6 to omega 3 FA, namely, 0.91, 2.85 and 9.3 parts of omega 6 to 1 part of omega 3 (R1, R3 and R9, respectively). Increasing the ratio from R1 to R9 significantly decreased average daily gain and increased feed conversion ratio. Also this alteration decreased ash content in the carcass on the expense of ether extract. Number of erythrocytes, packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration were significantly increased in fish fed R1. Feeding R9 increased heterophils and decreased lymphocytes as compared with R1 and R3. Fish fed R1 significantly had high serum protein and serum antibacterial activity (47.6%) than R9 (43.5%) and R3 (44.9%). Feeding R1 significantly decreased serum triglycerides, cholesterol and creatinine. Feeding R3 and R1 enhanced absorptive capacity of jejunum villi more than the group fed R9. Increasing the ratio of omega 6 to omega 3 FA from R1 to R9 decreased growth performance through decreasing absorptive capacity of jejunum villi. However, Feeding R3 had a positive effect on growth performance and absorptive capacity of the intestine of Nile tilapia.

Keywords: fish oil; growth performance; intestinal villi; Nile tilapia; soybean oil.

Effectiveness Of Exogenous Digestive Enzymes … Mahmoud A.O. Dawood et., al.



EFFECTIVENESS OF EXOGENOUS DIGESTIVE ENZYMES SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF

RABBITFISH (SIGANUS RIVULATUS)

Mahmoud A.O. Dawood1*, Mohamed Mohsen1, Ashraf El-dakar2, Elsaid Abdelraouf1, Eman M. Moustafa3, Hamada A. Ahmed4

1Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. 2Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Fish Resources, El-Arish, Suez University, Egypt. 3Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. 4Department of Nutrition

and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt


ABSTRACT

The current study was established to test the possibility of using exogenous digestive enzymes (EDE) in rabbitfish (Siganus rivulatus)diets. Five experimental diets containing 34% soybean meal were prepared and supplemented with EDE at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 g kg-1 diet. Fish with average initial weight (± 1.1 g) were fed the test diets for 74 days. Rabbitfish offered the diets with EDE supplements exhibited significantly (P0.05) differences were observed in carcass composition and somatic parameters index with EDE supplementation. The physiological condition of fish fed diets with EDE showed that the hematocrit (%), total plasma protein and total plasma globulin were significantly (P

Effect Of Feeding Different Concentrate Roughage Ratio On … Anaam E. Omar et., al.



EFFECT OF FEEDING DIFFERENT CONCENTRATE ROUGHAGE RATIO ON GROWTH, REPRODUCTIVE

PERFORMANCE AND BEHAVIOR OF SHEEP

Anaam E. Omar 1*, Heba S. Gharib2, Enas N. Said2 1Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig

University,44511, Egypt. 2Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

*Corresponding author: [email protected]& [email protected]

ABSTRACT

The goal of this study was to examine the influence of feeding different concentrate roughage ratios on growth, reproductive parameters and behavior of sheep. The study design involved the use of a 30 sexually mature ewes assigned to three groups consisting of three ratios of concentrate (C) to roughage (R), Group1. 80%C: 20%R, Group2. 70%C: 30%R and Group3. 60%C: 40%R. The variables of the studies were live weight changes and Body condition score (BCS) of ewes during pregnancy and postpartum till weaning and behavior of ewes in addition to the birth weight and average daily gain of neonatal lambs and subsequent changes till weaning. The conception rate of ewes and their overall reproductive performance are under investigation. The results reveled that, different ratios of concentrate and roughage feeding had no significant effect on body weight, BCS and average dry matter intake of ewes during pregnancy and postpartum till weaning. Lambs birth weight and subsequent weights till weaning and average daily gain were significantly (P≤0.05) increased by feeding on ration contain 80%C: 20% R, followed by those feeding on 70% C: 30% R and lowest in those feeding on 60% C: 40%R. Rumination was significantly increased in Group3 lambs than other groups. Higher concentrate ratios had positive effect on reproductive performance of ewes and body weight, daily body weight gain and neonatal behavior of lambs till weaning.

Keywords: concentrate, roughage, ewe, lamb, growth performance, behavior


Impact Of Dietary Eicosapentaenoic And Docosahexaenoic … Shaimaa Elbaz et., al.



IMPACT OF DIETARY EICOSAPENTAENOIC AND DOCOSAHEXAENOIC FATTY ACIDS SUPPLEMENTATION

ON INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE OF POST CALVING COWS DURING TRANSITION TO LACTATION

Shaimaa Elbaz1, Eldsokey Nassef2*, Abdelnasser Bakr2, Elsayed Hegazi2, Abeer M. S.EL-keredy1.

1Department of Biochemistry, Nutritional deficiency diseases and Toxicology, Animal health Research Institute, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. 2Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt.


ABSTRACT The aim of current study was to determine the effect of dietary omega 3 fatty acids (FA) mainly eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) on inflammatory response of post calving cows during transition to lactation. Twenty Holstein lactating cows were assigned into two groups (10 each). The two groups fed on the basal diet while one of them was supplemented with 70 g of omega-3 FA per cow. The supplement was added to the diet from the 1ST day of calving till the 60th days of lactation. Blood samples were taken 3 times weekly from the 2nd to the 4th week post calving. The blood samples were analyzed for glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta hydroxyl butyric acid (BHBA), C- reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin, albumin and globulin. Feeding omega-3 FAs significantly increased (P

Effect Of Supplementationof Omega-3 Fatty Acidson … Mohamed A. Abu El-Hamd et., al.



EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATIONOF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDSON BLOOD PARAMETERS AND SEMEN

QUALITY OF FRIESIAN BULLS Mohamed A. Abu El-Hamd1*, Abd Salam M. Metwally2, Mohamed M.

Hegazy1, Zahya R. Ghallab2, and Ola A. Elateeqy2 1Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt, 2Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University,

33516, Egypt. *corresponding author E-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT Objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of flaxseed oilsupplementation as a source of omega-3 fatty acids (OTA) on some blood parameters, semen quality and testosterone level in male Frisian bull. A total of 30 Friesian bulls averaging 14.2 ± 0.16 month of age and 265±15 kg body weight were used in this study. The animals were divided into three equal groups (10 each) according to age and live body weight. Type of rations were fed equal amounts of diet containing concentrate feed mixture (CFM), rice straw and fresh berseem or berseem hay. Bulls in the 1st group (G1) were supplemented with 2% dray matter intake (DMI) flaxseed oil as a source of OTA, while those in 2nd group were supplemented with 4% DMI flaxseed oil as a source of OTA at 14 to 21 months of age (G2). Bulls in the 3rd group were fed a basal diet and considered as a control group (G3). Results revealed that OTA have a significant (P< 0.05) inducing effect of total protein, globulin, glucose, HDL and triglyceride content in blood serum of bulls treated with OTA compared to the control group Plasma albuminconcentrations were nearly similar between bulls treated and untreated (control). But, total cholesterol, urea (UR) and lowdensitylipoprotein(LDL) concentrations were lowest significantly (P

Therapeutic Efficacy Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles … Mohammed A. Kamal et., al.



THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES IN DIABETIC RATS

Mohammed A. Kamal1,Mohamed H. Khairy1, Nada A. ELSadek1, Mohamed M.A.Hussein2*

1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt. 2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary

Medicine, Zagazig University.

*Corresponding author: Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

This study attempted to scrutinize the potential efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and the standard oral hypoglycemic drug glibenclamide in streptozotocin (STZ) -nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups. Group 1 rats received saline orally and considered as a control group. Other groups were experimentally exposed to diabetes via intraperitoneal injection of STZ and group 2 was left as diabetic non-treated. Group 3 was orally administrated with ZnONPs at a low dose (1mg/kg), and group 4 orally received glibenclamide (600 µg/kg) for 30 days (duration of the experiment). Blood glucose, insulin levels, lipogram profile and pancreatic antioxidant status were improved following ZnONPs or glibenclamide administration as compared to the diabetic group. Moreover, histopathological examination revealed a better outcome in the ZnONPs and glibenclamide treated groups. Although oral treatment of ZnONPs at a low dose 1mg/kg body weight for 30 consecutive days had antidiabetic effect, this effect was less superior to glibenclamide. Therefore, further studies regarding increasing the dose of ZnONPs would be encouraging to get better anti diabetic effect.

Keywords: Zinc oxide nanoparticles; Antioxidant; Diabetes; Glibenclamide

The Role Of L. Methionine, L. Carnitine, Choline And/Or … Mustafa A. Aziz et., al.



THE ROLE OF L. METHIONINE, L. CARNITINE, CHOLINE AND/OR SILYMARIN IN HEPATOPROTECTION AGAINST

PARACETAMOL INTOXICATION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN BROILERS

Mustafa A. Aziz1, Abu Elnasr A. Zahra1, Zaghloul A. Kheder2 and Hend M. Fikry2*

1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. 2Animal Health Research Institute, Mansoura Provinical Lab, Egypt.


ABSTRACT Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) was used for long time in poultry as an antipyretic drug and as a growth stimulator. However, high doses of paracetamol cause unpleasant side effects such as hepatorenal toxicity as mirrored by depletion of glutathione reserve, increase lipid peroxidation and increase liver enzymes or even sudden death with lethal doses. Therefore, this study was designated to evaluate the ameliorative effect of L. methionine, L. carnitine, choline and/or silymarin on the hepatotoxic effect induced by high doses of paracetamol. The study was applied on 80 chicks (from 1 till 33 days old) in special cages divided into 8 groups each one contained 10 chicks. The 1st group was used as a control, while the next 2-5 groups were supplemented with L. methionine, L. carnitine, choline and silymarin, respectively with doses as recommended by NRC, the 5th group was supplemented with silymarin (1 g/kg diet), the 6th group was supplemented with a mixture of the 4 supplements, the 7th group (hepatic intoxicated group) was given paracetamol (650 mg/kg diet for 7 days), and the 8th group was administrated paracetamol with a mixture of the 4 supplements. Serum samples were collected to determine levels of lipid profile [triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC)], liver damage enzymes [alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST)], lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde (MDA), and activity of antioxidant enzymes [glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD)]. The obtained results revealed that there was a significant improvement in all measured serum biochemical parameters and final body weight gain in the combined group (4 supplements + paracetamol) as compared to the paracetamol group. These data conclude that supplementation of poultry diets with L. methionine, L. carnitine, choline and silymarin can improve the negative effect of paracetamol through increasing the body weight gain and antioxidant activity of glutathione and superoxide dismutase and decreasing malondialdehyde, liver enzymes, cholesterol and triglycerides. Keywords: L. methionine; choline; L. carnitine; silymarin; hepatoprotection;


Ameliorating The Toxic Effects Of Cypermethrin By … Sahar M. El-Sheshtawy et., al.



AMELIORATING THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF CYPERMETHRIN BY SEASEM OIL IN MALE RABBITS

Sahar M. El-Sheshtawy*, Ghada I.A.El-Gobary**, Nashwa A. Omar*** and Nessrin A. Shawky***

*Toxicology, Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta Lab.

**Biochemistry, Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta Lab,

***Pharmacology, Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta and Zagazig Lab.

ABSTRACT

This paper intends to evaluate the beneficial protective effects as of sesame oil (SO) on cypermethrin-induced sub chronic toxicity in rabbits .Male rabbits were partitioned into 4 groups: I: control; II: Cypermethrin (48mg/kg bw); III: CYP+SO (1ml/kg bw); IV: SO only. All treatments administered orally three times per week for 9 weeks. Cypermethrin induced toxic effects on liver and kidney which revealed by a significant increase in serum liver enzyme activities with a significant decrease in total protein and albumin in addition to a significant increase in creatinine and uric acid levels. The effect of CYPon male fertility was demonstrated by a significant decrease in testis and epididymis weights, epididymis sperm counts, sperm motility with a significant increase in sperm abnormalities. Besides, a significant decrease in testosterone levels along with a significant increase in prolactin levels. Cypermethrin induced oxidative stress distinguished by a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in addition to a significant decrease inreduced glutathione (GSH) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Also, CYP produced a significant increase in sperm DNA damage. Co-treatment of SO with CYP improved all the above alterations. In conclusion SO hasbeneficial protective effects as it tends to dampen CYP sub chronic toxicity in male rabbit.

Key words: Sesame oil, Cypermethrin, Oxidative stress, Male fertility, Rabbit

Effects Of Diet’s Acidifying Additives … Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan & Hanaa M. El-Ghazaly



EFFECTS OF DIET’S ACIDIFYING ADDITIVES ON THE INTESTINAL HISTOMORPHOLOGY IN DUCKS

Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan*, Hanaa M. El-Ghazaly

Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt.


ABSTRACT

This study aimed at evaluating the effect of acidifying additives as formic and propionic acids on weight gain and on small intestinal macroscopic, microscopic and SEM morphology in ducks. A total of 30 Mulard ducklings were used in this study and they were randomly assigned to control (given standard commercial duck diets with no acidifiers added), 1% acidifiers added to the standard diet or 2% acidifiers added to the standard diet. After rearing the ducks for 52 days, their weight was recorded and then the length of the different parts of the small intestine was measured. Then, samples were taken for histological and scanning electron microscopical (SEM) examination of the small intestine. The present results found that addition of acidifying mixture to the diet significantly improved duck’s weight (P

Comparative Three Dimensional Computed … Attia A.A. Moselhy & Eman A.A. Mahdy



COMPARATIVE THREE DIMENSIONAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) SCANS AND ANATOMICAL INVESTIGATION OF RABBIT (ORYCTOLAGUS

CUNICULUS) AND CAT (FELIS DOMESTICA) SKULL Attia A.A. Moselhy * and Eman A.A. Mahdy

Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Zagazig University, Egypt.


ABSTRACT This study was conducted to elucidate the comparative anatomical features of the skull of rabbits and cats using CT scans. Adult healthy New Zealand rabbits and Domestic Baladi cats of both sexes, were prepared for X-ray and CT scan of the heads at different positions. The heads were also processed for bone preparation and were photographed at various views. Some measurements were taken to exhibit the main differences between the two animal species. There was a cranial pharyngeal canal in the basisphenoid bone of rabbit, which was absent in cat. The retroarticular process situated caudal to the mandibular fossa in cat and absent in rabbit. The carotid foramen was large and situated only in rabbit ventromedial to the bulla tympanica. The suprao

cyclophosphamide hepatotoxicity: the role of 4 … · 2019. 10. 8. · dina r. s. gad el-karim....

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