CURRICULUM VITA

of

B. L. UPHAM

PRESENT POSITION:

Assistant Professor: Department of Pediatrics & Human Development, and the Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University

Office Address:243 Food Safety & Toxicology BuildingMichigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI 48824

Telephone: (517) 884-2051Fax: (517) 432-6340E-mail: upham@msu.edu

EDUCATION:B.S. 1981 University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire. (major: biology, minor: chemistry).

M.S. 1983 University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire (major: botany, minor: biochemistry), Thesis Advisor: Dr. Leland S. Jahnke.

M.S. 1993 Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (major: environmental engineering and toxicology). Project Advisor: Dr. Susan Masten.

Ph.D. 1986 Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, Virginia (major: plant physiology/biochemistry & weed science). Thesis Advisor: Dr. Kriton K. Hatzios.

WORK EXPERIENCE:

Research

1997-present: Faculty: Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Department of Pediatrics & Human Development, and the Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University. I manage a stem cell & cancer/environmental toxicology research program. I am currently funded by an R01 NIEHS award ($1,075,875/3y) for work on the epigenetic toxicity of PAHs. I have been expanding our program into the field of biomedical engineering that involves the chemical modification and micropatterning of materials used in human medicine to control the growth, development and attachment of mammalian cells, including adult human stem cells. I am actively submitting applications to fund these projects. I also expanded our program to understand the specific mechanisms of the chemopreventative properties of antioxidants and nutraceuticals, and in collaboration with Drs. Nair, Bauer, Olson, Gangur, Burgoon and Mills, we have submitted an X01 application to NIH to establish a new center at Michigan State University on “Edible Mushrooms in Human Health”. I have been instrumental in the training and management of personnel that included 1 high school research assistant, 37 undergraduate research assistants, 18 graduate research assistants from collaborators’ labs whose research projects involved a minimum of 3 months conducting their research in our labs, 6 post-doctoral research associates, 15 visiting international research scholars, and 3 lab technicians that date back to 1996.

1997 - 2003 Research Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics & Human Development, and National Food Safety & Toxicology Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing,

UphamMichigan 48824, I was funded by Dr. James E. Trosko to conduct research, train and guide undergraduate and graduate students, postdoctoral research associates, and visiting scientists; and assist him in writing grants and progress reports for our extramurally funded projects. I played a significant role in Dr. Trosko’s successful renewal of our grants funded by the Superfund Hazardous Substances Basic Research Program (11 years, last two renewals~$3.1 million) and by the US Air Force Extramural Toxicology program (~$0.75 million/4y) and by the Electrical Power Research Institute (~$0.2 million/1y), which involved determining the cellular mechanisms by which environmental contaminants, oxidative stress and electromagnetic fields affect cell proliferative, differentiation and apoptotic processes of adult stem cells that ultimately cumulates into states of human diseases such as cancer. I also, received a fellowship from Japan to conduct research in the lab of Dr. Inoue, which involved the in vivo validation of our in vitro toxicology results with perfluorinated alkanoic compounds. Research projects listed below were continued.

1993 - 1996 Visiting Research Associate, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, and the Department of Pediatrics & Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824. Responsibilities involved not only research but also the training and guidance of several graduate students. Research projects included a study on the non-genotoxic effects of reactive oxygen species on intercellular and intracellular signaling mechanisms linked to tumor promotion. I also determined relationships between the structural motifs of various exogenous and endogenous chemicals, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, peroxisome proliferators and ceramides, and the activity of inter- and intracellular communication and apoptosis. Additionally, these biological endpoints were used to assess the efficacy of different oxidation (ozone, chlorine, hydroxyl radicals) and biological remediation systems of environmental contaminants or disinfection of drinking water containing PAHs and pesticides.

1991 - 1992 Graduate Student, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824. Determined the epigenetic toxicity of PAHs and PAH by-products for the purpose of designing effective oxidant-based environmental remediation systems.

1990 - 1991 Visiting Research Associate, MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, East Lansing, Michigan 48824. Characterized and purified a peroxidase isomer unique from all other isomers from plant cell walls. This specific peroxidase isomer was found to selectively cross-link a polymeric cell wall protein known as extensin.

1989 - 1990 Senior Postdoctoral Fellow, Biodynamics Institute, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Studied the detrimental effects of tobacco smoke on the energy metabolism of mitochondria. Also determined the chemistry of ozone reactions with fatty acids.

1987 - 1989 Postdoctoral Research Associate, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Appalachian Soil, Water, Conservation Research Lab, Beckley, West Virginia. Immunologically characterized the photosystem I complex in chloroplast membranes to identify the components responsible for the activation of reactive oxygen. Also investigated the interaction of reactive oxygen with ascorbate and transition metals in promoting oxidative damage in chloroplast.

1983 - 1986 Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, VPI & SU, Blacksburg, Virginia. Conducted biochemical research on the activation of toxic oxygen species by the photosynthetic electron transport and the mechanism of action of peroxidative herbicides.

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Upham1984 Summer Field Technician, Agronomic Crop Research Program, Supervisor: Dr. Scott Hagood,

Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, VPI & SU, Blacksburg, VA. Collected data and conducted statistical analysis for a weed competition study and an herbicide effectiveness survey in soybeans.

1982 - 1983 Graduate Assistant, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire. Conducted research on the biochemical interaction of ascorbate and chelated iron with reactive oxygen species in plant chloroplast.

1981 Summer Research Assistant, Nutrient Allocation in Legume Fruit Ecology Project, Supervisor: Dr. Thomas Lee, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire. Collected and conducted statistical analyses of data for the above project.

1980 - 1981 Undergraduate Research, Supervisor: Dr. Subash Minocha, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire. Conducted research for an independent study project involving the use of tissue culture techniques and plant regulators to develop various types of asparagus callous tissues, and determined the effects of various nitrogen sources on the growth and differentiation of these callous tissues.

1980 - 1981 Undergraduate Research, Supervisor: Dr. Leland S. Jahnke, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire. Determined the effects of different zinc levels on the growth rates and carbonic anhydrase activities in the green alga (Chlorella pyrenoidossa).

Teaching

1996-present Faculty Advisor, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, for undergraduate research assistants. To date, I have trained 37 undergraduates within our research program over the last thirteen years. Many have co-authored with me on peer-reviewed journals and abstracts for conferences. See the following names italicized under publications: Hatice Boke, Joseph M. Carbone, Chad Coe, Katie King, Lee Kleinow, Tyler Koski, Esha Kumar, Tiffini Lee, Curtis Pickering, Charles Pudrith, Alisa Rummel, Jacob Scott, Andrea Voges, Andrew Wilke, Elizabeth Wurl. I am currently preparing a manuscript on the molecular mechanisms of tumor promoters that will be co-authored by Andrew Wilke, Hatice Boke and Esha Kumar who was former high school student and is current an undergraduate working with me. In addition, several of my students won research and presentation awards based on the research they did with me (see below). For a complete list of the names of undergraduates as well as other scientists partially trained by me during this time period, see table at the end of this C.V.

Esha Kumar: Received an award for the Best Poster Presentation at the 2008-Fall meeting of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology and was chosen to speak at the annual Research day for the department of Pediatric & Human Development (MSU).

Mike Carbone: Received the Undergraduate Research award from the Michigan State chapter of Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society in 2000, and also won a 1st place presentation award at MSU 2000 Undergraduate Research Forum, and won

Chad Coe: Received the Undergraduate Research award from the Michigan State chapter of Sigma Xi Scientific Research

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UphamSociety in 2002, and also won a 2nd place presentation award at MSU 2000 and 2002 Undergraduate Research Forum, and 1st place for best presentation award at the MSU 2004 Undergraduate Research Forum.

Curtis Pickering: Received the Undergraduate Research Grant-in-Aid award from Sigma Xi in 2000.

Jacob Scott: Received 2nd place presentation award at the MSU 2002 Undergraduate Research Forum with Chad Coe and Katie King.

Katie King: Received 2nd place presentation award at the MSU 2002 Undergraduate Research Forum with Chad Coe and Jacob Scott.

Note: These undergraduate forums at Michigan State University are well attended making these awards significant achievements in a university with a total undergraduate student population of over 40,000. Many of these students have entered medical and graduate schools.

1999 –2000 Faculty participant, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, Participating lecturer in an “Advanced General Pathology” course for graduate students in the college of Veterinary Medicine.

1999 Instructor, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI. Facilitated a graduate level course on “Scientific Writing” in the college of Natural Science.

1994 Substitute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI. Gave several lectures in a senior-level “Water & Waste Water Analysis” class, and in a graduate-level “Physical & Chemical Processes in Environmental Engineering” class in the college of Engineering.

1991 - 1994 Instructor, Science Department, Lansing Community College, Lansing, MI. Taught Introductory Chemistry for non-science majors, General Chemistry for science & engineering majors, Physical World for non-science majors, and Introductory Biochemistry for science majors.

1991 - 1992 Graduate Teaching Assistant, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. (Environmental Chemistry). Lectured on the basic concepts covered in lab, gave instructions for the experiments, made up and graded lab exams and quizzes, graded lab reports, and developed new labs for the conversion of this course from a term to semester system.

1985 Fall Graduate Teaching Assistant, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, VPI & SU, Blacksburg, Virginia. (Scientific Photography). Assisted in the instruction of photographic techniques used in scientific photography.

1984 Spring Graduate Teaching Assistant, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, VPI & SU, Blacksburg, Virginia. (Plant Physiology) Lectured on the basic concepts covered in lab, gave instructions for the experiments, made up and graded lab exams and quizzes, and graded lab reports.

1981 - 1983 Graduate Teaching Assistant, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire. (Plant Physiology; Introductory Botany) Prepared labs, lectured on the basic concepts covered in lab, gave instructions for the experiments, graded lab reports, exams and quizzes.

1980 Fall Undergraduate Teaching Assistant, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire. (Vertebrate Morphology) Instructed students

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Uphamhow to dissect animals and identify anatomical features of various vertebrate animals, and graded lab exams.

1978 Fall Student Teacher, Newmarket High School, Newmarket, New Hampshire. Taught three sections of biology 2 days per week for 1 semester in fulfillment of an Education course requirement (University of New Hampshire).

Consulting

2000 Consulted for Estee Lauder Companies Inc., Melville, NY, November 8, 2000. Consulted on the role of gap junctional intercellular communication in human toxicology.

2000 Consulted for the Department of Chemistry & Toxicology of the Veterinary Research Institute, and the Institute of Biophysics of The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, CZ, June 21-27, 2000. Consultation dealt primarily with the toxicological assessment of environmental contaminants, particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, at the epigenetic level of cellular control.

1996-1997 Consulted for 3M Environmental Technology & Services, 3M Corp., St. Paul, MN, 1 year contract; 6/1/96-6/197, corporate contact was Robert Howell, (612) 778-7540. Consultation dealt primarily with the toxicological assessment of perfluorinated aliphatic compounds at the epigenetic level.

Professional Activities

Office Positions (Elected/Appointed):

2009-2010 Councilor for the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology

2008-2010 Member for the Society of In Vitro Biology Long-Range Planning Committee

2008-2009 President for the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology

2007-2008 President Elect/Vice President for the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology

2005-present Treasurer of the Michigan State Chapter of Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society

Journal (peer-reviewed) Editorship Duties:

2008-present Editorial board member of the “Journal of Toxicology”.

2008-present Editorial board member of the “Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology”.

Manuscript Peer Review: The number of papers reviewed indicated in parentheses.

2009 Toxicology Letters (3), Journal of Agriculture & Food Chemistry (2), Cell Biology & Toxicology (1), In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal (1), Diamond & related Materials (1)

2008 Antioxidant & Redox Signaling (1), Environmental Health research (1), Toxicology (1), Toxicology Letters (2), Toxicological Science (1)

2007 Journal of Applied Toxicology (3), Mutation Research (2), Nutrition & Cancer (1), Toxicology (10)

2006 Cancer Chemotherapy & Pharmacology (1), Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (1), Philippine Journal of Science (1), Toxicology (9), Toxicological Science (4)

2005 Apoptosis (1), Bioelectrochemistry (1), Cancer Letters (1), European Journal of Cell Biology (1), Environmental Science & Technology (1), Mutation Research (2), Toxicology Letters (2), Toxicology (4), Toxicological Science (2)

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Upham2004 Aquatic Toxicology (1), Environmental Science & Toxicology (1), Nutrition & Cancer (1),

Toxicological Science (3)2003 Toxicological Science (5), Experimental Biology and Medicine (1)2002 Toxicological Science (6), Biochemical Pharmacology (1), FASEB Journal (1)2001 Radiation Research (1), Journal of Mammary Gland Biology & Neoplasia (1), Toxicological

Science (1)2000 Environmental Science & Technology (1), Radiation research (2)1999 Environmental & Technology (1)1997 Fundamental and Applied Toxicology (1)

Proposal Peer Review:

2009 Expert Reviewer/Panel member-National Institute of Health/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences study section, “Children’s Center Review Committee”, for the formation of “Centers for Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention” and “Formative Centers for Children's Environmental Health & Disease Prevention”, Washington, DC, 7/21/09-7/24/09.

2008 Reviewer for a proposal from the Michigan Agricultural Experimental Station, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

2007 Reviewer for a proposal from the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic, Prague, CZ.2007 Reviewer for a proposal from the Canadian University Health Network-CFI Research Hospital

Fund-Large Institutional Endeavors (LSIE), Canada.2006 Reviewer for a proposal from the University of New Hampshire Agriculture Station, Durham,

NH2006 Reviewer for a proposal from the New Zealand Health Research Council, NZ.2005 Reviewer for a proposal from the Michigan state University College of Veterinary Medicine

Equine Performance Funds, East Lansing, MI.2004 Reviewer for a proposal from the Michigan State University-Internal Research Grant

Program, East Lansing, MI.2003 Reviewer for a proposal from the Mississippi State University Research Grant Program,

Starkeville, MS.2002 Reviewer for a proposal from the University of New Hampshire Agriculture Station, Durham,

NH.2001 Reviewer for a proposal from the Michigan State University-Internal Research Grant

Program, East Lansing, MI.

Professional Activities for Conferences

2009 Co-Convener with Dr. Eugene Elmore for the “June Bradlaw Memorial Symposium: Toxicology in the 21st century” at the Annual Meeting of the Society of In Vitro Biology, Charleston, SC. This involved organizing the symposium, selection of speakers and moderating the live session.

2009 Chair for the planning committee for the Spring Meeting of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology on “Advanced In Vitro Systems in Toxicology” in Ann Arbor, MI. This involved the selection of topics, speakers, location, venue, food service, budgeting and moderating the live sessions.

2008 Chair for the planning committee for the Fall Meeting of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology on “Epigenetic Toxicology” in Ann Arbor, MI. This involved the selection of topics, speakers, location, venue, food service, budgeting and moderating the live sessions.

2001 Chair for the “Carcinogenesis II” session at the annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, San Francisco, CA

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Upham2000 Chair for the “Carcinogenesis & Anticarcinogenesis” session at the annual meeting of the Society of

Toxicology, Philadelphia, PA

1988 Session Moderator for the annual meeting of the Southern Section of the American Society of Plant Physiologists.

Department/College Committees

2004-present Faculty Representative of the Hearing Body for MSU-College of Human Medicine academic and disciplinary issues.

2009 Member for the MSU-Department of Pediatrics research committee.

1990 - 1991 Seminar Coordinator, MSU-Department of Energy Plant Research Lab’s Seminar Series.

1988 Session Moderator for the annual meeting of the Southern Section of the American Society of Plant Physiologists.

1986 Winter Committee Member, Department of Plant Biotechnologist Search Committee, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, VPI & SU.

1985 - 1986 Chair, Travel Fund Program Committee. The Travel Fund program was a graduate school program at VPI & SU which awarded monies to students on a competitive basis for travel to professional conferences.

1985 - 1986 Departmental Representative to the Graduate Student Assembly, VPI & SU.

1985 - 1986 Departmental Representative, Department of Education Committee, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, VPI & SU.

1984 - 1985 Chair, Graduate Student Organization (GSO), Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, VPI & SU.

1984 - 1985 Student Representative, Department Research Committee, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, VPI & SU.

Other:

2009 Organizer for a newly established “Science Café” sponsored by Sigma Xi Research Society that brings scientists and the community together to discuss contemporary scientific issues.

2004 Expert Panelist for a town hall meeting in Southwester Michigan College, Dowagiac, MI, April 13, 2004, that connected consumers with professors and government to discuss current food safety concerns. My expertise concerned scientific issues relevant to human exposures of environmental and food borne pathogens, toxins and toxicants. Other panelists included: Craig Harris, Lillian Occena, Toby Ten Eyck, James Trosko, Trent Wakenight, Katherine Fedder, and Dan Wyant.

1999 ACS representative for Michigan State Capitol Day (05/26/99). This was an American Chemical Society sponsored event to introduce state legislators to ACS members for the purpose of discussing the ACS public policy priorities, and to offer a nonpartisan service for objective science expertise. I met with Senator Dianne Byrum and Representative Lynn Martinez.

FUNDING:

Current:

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Upham2006-2010 PI of an NIH-R01 project titled “Epigenetic toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons”

Funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-NIH in the amount of $1,048,113.

2008-2010 PI of a contract with Texas A&M research Foundation on a project titled “Gap junction cell culture assay” to generate preliminary data for a National Sediment Toxicology Assessment project directed by K.C. Donnelly, Texas A&M in the amount of $5,300.

2009-2010 CoPI with Dr. Alison Bauer (PI) on a project titled “Immunohistochemical analysis of innate immune and oxidative stress pathways in pulmonary neoplasia”. Pilot funding in the amount of $16,500 was requested from the Great Lakes Cancer Institute of Michigan.

Pending:

2010-2015 PI for an NIH-R01-competitive renewal with Dr. Lyle Burgoon (Co-investigator) and Dr. Timothy Zacharewski (Co-investigator), with a project titled “Toxicogenomics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon”. Funding requested from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-NIH in the amount of $2,697,677.

2010-2013 Co-investigator for a foundation application with Dr. Alison Bauer (PI) on a project titled “The role of Toll-like receptor 4 in mouse pulmonary neoplasia.” Funding requested from the American Cancer Society in the amount of $835,233.

2010-2014 Co-investigator for an NIH-R01 with Dr. Alison Bauer (PI), and Dr. John LaPres (Co-investigator), on a project titled “The role of Toll-like receptor 4 and downstream pathways in mouse pulmonary tumorigenesis.” Funding requested from the National Institute of Health: in the amount of $1,508,560.

Past:

2007-2009 PI of an intramural venture grant titled “Tumor promotional and immunological mechanisms of cyanobacterial metabolites and interactions with pharmaceutical wastes that contaminate water resources.” Funded by the Center for Water Science-Michigan State University in the amount of $10,000.

2007-2008 PI of an NIH-supplement to fund a high school student to do summer research under a funded project titled “Epigenetic toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons”. Funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-NIH in the amount of $5,442.

2005-2006 PI of an NIH-R56 project titled “Epigenetic toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons” Funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences in the amount of $182,320.

2000-2006 Co-investigator with James E. Trosko (PI) of a subproject titled “Epigenetic effects of pre- and post-remediated environmental toxicants on the inter- and intra-cellular communication pathways controlling gene expression, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in human neuronal stem cells” of a program project grant titled “Health hazards from groundwater contamination”, (Program PI: Norbert Kaminski). Funded by the Superfund Hazardous Substances Basic Research Program in the amount of $1,210,185/our subproject.

2001-2002 PI of a contractual research project with Estee Lauder Companies, Melville, NY, for $15,000.

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Upham2000 2001 Co-PI with James E. Trosko (PI) of a research proposal titled “Potential role of extremely

low frequency and magnetic fields on their ability to modulate cell-cell communication in vitro." Funded by the Electrical Power Research Institute in the amount of $204,390.

1995-2000 Co-investigator with James E. Trosko (PI) of a subproject titled "Modulation of gap junctional intercellular communication as a biomarker for epigenetic toxicants after remediation" of a program project grant titled “Health hazards from groundwater contamination” (Program PI: Lawrence Fischer). Funding by the Superfund Hazardous Substances Basic Research Program and NIEHS in the amount of $1,900,909/our subproject.

1995-1999 Co-PI with James E. Trosko (PI) of a research proposal titled "The role of gap junctional communication in chemical toxicology." Funded by the United States Air Force in the amount of $742,960.

1993 & 1994 Co-investigator with Susan J. Masten (PI) and James E. Trosko of a research proposal titled "An assessment of the toxicity of chemical oxidation products of aqueous contaminants by monitoring intercellular communication in mammalian cell cultures." Funded by the National Food Safety and Toxicology Center at Michigan State University in the amount of $37,500.00

1993 Co-investigator with Susan J. Masten (PI) and James E. Trosko of a research proposal titled "Assessment of degradation products of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by monitoring intercellular communication in mammalian cell cultures." Funded by the Microbial Ecology/Hazardous Waste Management Research Excellence Fund, Center of Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University in the amount of $11,500.00

1986 USDA-ARS Biotechnology Postdoctoral Research Proposal titled "Determination of the mode of genetic expression for plant tolerance to aluminum and heavy metal toxicities." The science was designed and the proposal was written by me, and was submitted to the USDA-ARS by Dr. Joyce G. Foster (PI) (USDA-ARS-ASWCRL, PO Box 867, Beckley, West Virginia 25802). Funded in the amount of $40,000 for 1 year (announcement # RA-86-29).

1984 Co-investigator with Kriton K. Hatzios (PI) of a research proposal titled "Enhancement of toxic oxygen species production in higher plants by diphenyl ether herbicides and paraquat as influenced by selected stress factors." Funded by the Jeffress Memorial Foundation, Richmond, Virginia in the amount of $25,190 for two years.

PUBLICATIONS:

U.S. Patents

1. Patent No 7,195,789, March 27, 2007, titled “Non-fiber extract of psyllium with anti-tumorigenic effects and method for identifying the same” coauthored with James E. Trosko and Yasushi Nakamura.

Refereed Journal Articles (Undergraduate students under my supervision indicated in Italic-type. Graduate students and postdoctoral research associates that received significant training by me are underlined, and highlighted, respectively.)

1. Upham, B.L. and L.S. Jahnke (1986). Photooxidative reactions in chloroplast thylakoids. Evidence for a Fenton-type reaction promoted by superoxide or ascorbate. Photosynth. Res. 8:235-247.

2. Upham, B.L. and K.K. Hatzios (1986). Diethyldithiocarbamate, a new photosystem I electron donor of Mehler-type Hill reactions. Z. Naturforsch 41c:861-866.

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Upham3. Upham, B.L. K.K. Hatzios and L.S. Jahnke (1987). Inhibition of the photosynthetic electron

transport by hemolyzed rabbit sera. Evidence for the potential involvement of parallel electron transport in photosystem I Mehler reactions. Photosynth. Res. 12: 63-72.

4. Upham, B.L. and K.K. Hatzios (1987). Counteraction of paraquat toxicity at the chloroplast level. Z. Naturforsch. 42c:824-828.

5. Upham, B.L. and K.K. Hatzios (1987). Potential involvement of alkoxyl and hydroxyl radicals in the peroxidative action of selected p-nitro substituted diphenyl ethers. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 28:248-256.

6. Upham, B.L., L.S. Jahnke and J.G. Foster (1990). Interactions of ascorbate and chelated iron in a methylviologen-mediated Mehler reaction. Photochem. Photobiology. 52(4):691-699.

7. Arbour, N., B.L. Upham, D.F. Church and W.A. Pryor (1992). The inhibitory effect of cigarette tar on electron transport of mitochondria and submitochondrial particles. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 12:365-371.

8. Upham, B.L., S.J. Masten, B.R. Lockwood, and J.E. Trosko (1994). Non-genotoxic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their ozonation by-pro ducts on the intercellular communication of rat liver epithelial cells. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 23:470-475.

9. Upham, B.L., J.J Yao, J.E. Trosko and S.J. Masten (1995). Determination of the efficacy of ozone treatment systems using a gap junction intercellular communication bioassay. Environ. Sci. Technol. 29:2923-2928.

10. Schnabelrauch, L.S., Kieliszewski, M, Upham, B.L., Alizedeh, H. and Lamport, D.T.A. (1996). Isolation of pI 4.6 extensin peroxidase from tomato cell suspension cultures and identification of Val-Tyr-Lys as putative intermolecular cross-link site. Plant Journal. 9:477-489.

11. Upham, B.L., L.M. Weis, A.M. Rummel, S.J. Masten, and J.E. Trosko (1996). The effects of anthracene and methylated anthracenes on gap junctional intercellular communication in rat liver epithelial cells. Fundam. Appl. Toxocol. 34:260-264.

12. Upham, B.L., K.-S. Kang, H.-Y Cho, and J.E. Trosko (1997). Hydrogen peroxide inhibits gap junction intercellular communication in glutathione sufficient but not glutathione deficient cells. Carcinogenesis. 18:37-42.

13. Upham, B.L., B. Boddy, X. Xing, J.E. Trosko and S.J. Masten (1997). Non-genotoxic effects of selected pesticides and their disinfection by-products on gap junction intercellular communication. Ozone Sci. & Engineering 19:351-369.

14 Weis, L.M., A.M. Rummel, S.J. Masten, J.E Trosko and B.L. Upham (1998). Bay or bay-like regions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were potent inhibitors of gap junctional intercellular communication. Environ. Health Perspec. 106:17-22.

15 Sai, K., B.L. Upham, K-S Kang, , R Hasegawa, T. Inoue, and J.E. Trosko (1998) Inhibitory effect of pentachlorophenol on gap junctional intercellular communication in rat liver epithelial cells in vitro. Cancer Lett. 130:9-17.

16 Upham B.L., L.M., Weis, J.E Trosko (1998). Modulated gap junctional intercellular communication as a biomarker of PAH’s epigenetic toxicity: Structure/Function Relationship. Environ. Health Perspect. 106:975-981.

17. Upham, B.L., N.D. DeoCampo, B. Wurl, and J.E. Trosko (1998). Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication by perfluorinated fatty acids is dependent on the chain length of the fluorinated tail. Int. J. Cancer 78:491-495.

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Upham18. Trosko, J.E., C.C. Chang, B. L. Upham, M.R. Wilson (1998). Epigenetic toxicology as

toxicant-induced changes in intracellular signalling leading to altered gap junctional intercellular communication. Toxicol. Lett. 102:71-78.

19. Ghoshal, S., W.J. Weber, A.M. Rummel, J.E. Trosko, and B.L. Upham (1999). The epigenetic toxicity of a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on gap junctional intercellular communication before and after biodegradation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 33:1044-1050.

20. Rummel, A.M., J.E Trosko, M.R.Wilson, and B.L. Upham (1999). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with bay-like regions inhibited gap junctional intercellular communication and induced the mitogen activated protein kinase ERK. Toxicological Sci. 49:232-240.

21. Suzuki, J., H-K Na, B.L. Upham, C.C. Chang, and J.E. Trosko (2000). Lambda carrageenan-induced inhibition of GJIC in rat liver epithelial cells. Nutr. Cancer 36:122-128.

22. Trosko, J.E., C-C Chang, M.R. Wilson, B.L. Upham, T. Hayashi, M. Wade (2000). Gap junctions and the regulation of cellular functions of stem cells during development and differentiation. Methods 20:245-264.

23. Chen, G, B.L. Upham, C.C. Chang, E.J. Rothwell, K.M. Chen, and J.E. Trosko (2000). Effect of electromagnetic field exposure on chemically induced differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells. Environ. Health Perspect. 108:967-972.

24. Tian, M. , B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko, S.J. Masten (2001). Effects of selected pesticides and their ozonation by-products on gap junctional intercellular communication using rat liver epithelial cells. Chemosphere 44:457-465.

25. Upham, B.L. and James G. Wagner (2001). Toxicological Highlight: Toxicant-induced oxidative stress in cancer. Toxicol. Sci. 64:1-3.

26. Horvath, A ., B.L Upham, Varban Ganev, J.E. Trosko (2002). Determination of the epigenetic effects of ochratoxin in a human kidney and a rat liver epithelial cell line. Toxicon 40:273-282.

27. Bláha L., P. Kapplová, J. Vondráček, B.L. Upham, M. Machala (2002). Inhibition of gap-junctional intercellular communication by environmentally occurring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Toxicol. Sci.65:43-51.

28. Hu, W. , P.D. Jones, B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko, C. Lau, J.P. Giesy (2002). Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication by perfluorinated compounds in rat liver and dolphin kidney epithelial cell lines in vitro and Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo. Toxicol. Sci. 68:429-436.

29. Hilscherova, K. , A. Blankenship, K. Kannan, M. Nie, L.L. Williams, K. Coady, B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko, S.Bursian, J.P. Giesy (2003). Oxidative stress in laboratory-incubated double-crested cormorant eggs collected from the Great Lakes. Arch. Environ. Contamination Toxicol. 45:533-546.

30. Upham, B.L., A.M. Rummel, J.M. Carbone, Trosko, and Y Ouyang, N. Kaminski (2003). Cannabinoids inhibit gap junctional intercellular communication and activate ERK in a rat liver epithelial cell line. Intl. J. Cancer 104:12-18.

31. Upham, B.L., T. Koski, J. Scott, A.M. Rummel, M.R. Wilson, A. Horvath, and J.E. Trosko (2003). Differential roles of 2, 6, and 8 carbon ceramides on the modulation of gap junctional communication and apoptosis during carcinogenesis . Cancer Lett. 191:27-34

32. Hilscherova, K. , A. Blankenship, M. Nie, K. Coady, B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko, J.P. Giesy (2003). Oxidative stress in liver and brain of the hatchling chicken (Gallus domesticus) following in ovo injection with TCDD. Comparative Biochem. Physiol. C, 136:29-45.

11

Upham33. Upham, B.L., J. Suzuki, G. Chen, L. McCabe, C.C. Chang, V. Krutovskikh, H. Yamasaki, J.E.

Trosko (2003). Reduced gap junctional intercellular communication and altered biological effects in mouse osteoblast and rat liver oval cell lines transfected with dominant-negative connexin 43. Molec. Carcinogen. 37:192-201.

34. Nakamura, Y., J.E. Trosko, C-C Chang, B.L. Upham (2004). Psyllium extracts decreased the neoplastic phenotypes induced by the Ha-Ras oncogene transfected into a rat liver oval cell line. Cancer Lett. 203:13-24.

35. Machala, M, L. Bláha, J. Vondráček, J.E. Trosko, J. Scott, B.L. Upham, (2004). Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication by polychlorinated biphenyls: inhibitory potencies and screening for potential mode(s) of action. Toxicol. Sci. 76:102-111.

36. Trosko, J.E., C.C. Chang, B.L. Upham, M.H. Tai (2004). Ignored hallmarks of carcinogenesis: Stem cells and cell-cell communication. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1028:192-201.

37. Trosko, J.E., C.C. Chang, M.H. Tai, B.L. Upham (2005). The role of human adult stem cells and cell-cell communication in cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy strategies. Mutation Res-Fundam. Molec. Mechan. Mutat. 591:187-197.

38. Trosko, J.E., C.C. Chang, B.L. Upham, and M.H. Tai, (2005). Low-dose ionizing radiation: induction of differential intracellular signaling possibly affecting intercellular communication. Radiation Environ. Biophys. 44:3-9.

39. Nakamura, Y., C.C. Chang, T. Mori, K. Sato, K. Ohtsuki, B.L. Upham and J.E. Trosko (2005). Augmentation of differentiation and gap junctional intercellular communication by kaempferol in partially differentiated colon cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 26:665-671.

40. Nakamura, Y., N. Yoshikawa, I. Hiroki, K. Sato, K. Ohtsuki, C.C. Chang, B.L. Upham and J.E. Trosko (2005). B-sitosterol from psyllium seed husk (Plantago ovata Forsk) restores gap junctional intercellular communication in Ha-ras transfected rat liver epithelial cells. Nutr. Cancer 51:218-225.

41. Loch-Caruso, R., B.L. Upham, C. Harris, J.E. Trosko (2005). Biphasic lindane-induced oxidation of glutathione and inhibition of gap junctions in myometrial cells. Toxicol. Sci.86:417-426.

42. Loch-Caruso R., B.L. Upham, C. Harris, J.E. Trosko (2005). Divergent roles for glutathione in lindane-induced acute and delayed-onset inhibition of rat myometrial gap junctions. Toxicol. Sci. 85:694-702.

43. Trosko, J.E. and B.L. Upham (2005). The emperor wears no clothes in the field of carcinogen risk assessment: ignored concepts in cancer risk assessment. Mutagenesis 20:81-92.

44. Upham, B.L., and J.E. Trosko (2006). A paradigm shift in the understanding of oxidative stress and it’s implications to exposure of low-level ionizing radiation. Acta Medica Nagasakiensia 50:63-68.

45. Upham, B.L., M. Gužvić, J. Scott, J.M. Carbone, L. Blaha, L.L. Li, A.M. Rummel, and J.E Trosko (2007). Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase by tumor-promoting organic peroxides and protection by resveratrol. Nutr. Cancer 57:38-47.

12

Upham46. Tai, M-H, B.L. Upham, L.K. Olson, M.-S. Tsao, D.N. Reed, J.E. Trosko (2007). Cigarette

smoke components inhibited intercellular communication and differentiation in human pancreatic ductal epithelial cells. Int. J. Cancer 120:1855-1862.

47. Vondrácek, J., L. Švihálková-Šindlerová, K. Pencíková, S. Marvanová, P. Krcmár, M. Ciganek, J. Neca, J.E. Trosko, B.L. Upham, A. Kozubík, M. Machala. (2007). Concentrations of methylated naphthalenes, anthracenes, and phenanthrenes occurring in Czech river sediments and their effects on toxic events associated with carcinogenesis in rat liver cell lines. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 26:2308-2316.

48. Nakamura, Y., Y. Nakayama, H. Ando, A. Tanaka, T. Matsuo, S. Okamoto, B.L. Upham, C.C. Chang, J.E. Trosko, E.Y. Park, and K. Sato. (2008). 3-Methylthio-propionic acid ethyl ester, isolated from Katsura-uri (Japanese Pickling Melon, Cucumis melo var. common), enhanced differentiation in partially-differentiated human colon cancer cells. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56:2977-2984.

49. Upham, B.L., L. Blaha, M. Gužvić, P. Babica, J.S. Park, I. Sovadinova, C. Pudrith, A.M. Rummel, L.M. Weis, K. Sai, P.K. Tithof, J. Vondráček, M. Machala and J.E. Trosko (2008). Tumor promoting properties of a cigarette smoke prevalent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as indicated by the inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication via phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C . Cancer Sci. 99:696-705.

50. Umannová L., J. Neča, Z. Andrysík, J. Vondráček, B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko, J Hofmanová., A. Kozubík, M. Machala (2008). Non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls induce a release of arachidonic acid in liver epithelial cells: A partial role of cytosolic phospholipase A2 and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 signalling. Toxicology 247:55-60.

51. Upham, B.L., and J.E. Trosko (2009). Oxidative-dependent integration of signal transduction with intercellular gap junctional communication in the control of gene expression. Antiox. Redox. Signal. 11:297-307.

52. Upham, B.L., P. Babica, J-S Park, I. Sovadinova, A.M. Rummel, J.E. Trosko, Hirose, R Hasegawa, J Kanno, and K Sai (2009). Structure-activity-dependent regulation of cell communication by perfluorinated fatty acids using in vivo and in vitro model systems. Environmental Health Perspectiv.117:545-551.

53. Nakamura, Y, A. Kominami, Y. Tsujimoto, Y. Nakayama, T. Kitahashi, Y. Kido, Y. Kobayashi, M. Kuwahata, C.-C. Chang, B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko, E.-Y. Park, and K. Sato (2009). Actin and Vimentin proteins with N-terminal deletion detected in tumor bearing rat livers induced by intraportal-vein injection of Ha-ras transfected rat liver cells. Int. J. Cancer 124:2512-2519.

54. Bláha, L., P. Babica, K. Hilscherová, B.L. Upham (2009) Inhibition of gap-junctional intercellular communication and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by cyanobacterial extracts - indications of novel tumor promoting cyanotoxins? Toxicon (In Press ).

55. Kelley, M.A., Avakian, M., Baston, D.S. , Babica, P., Berninger, J., Brooks, B.W., Burgess, R., Denison, M.S., Di Giulio, R.T., Duncan, B., Ells, S., Gallagher, E., Konopnicki, C., Landon, C.D., Li, X., Matson, C.W., Maurice, C., McDonald, T.J., Mount, D., Pezzoli, K., Reed, L., Sarabia, H., Safe, S., Tukey, R., Upham, B.L., and Donnelly, K.C. (2009). Round Robin Testing of Model Chemicals and a Complex Mixture in a Battery of Bioassays. Environ. Sci. Technol. (Submitted).

56. Alpatova, A.L. , Shan, W., Babica, P., Upham, B.L., Rogensues, A.R., Masten, S.J., Drown, E., Mohanty, A.K., Alocilja, E.C., Tarabara, V.V. (2009). Aqueous dispersions of single-walled carbon nanotubes solubilized via non-covalent functionalization: Effect of solubilizer on the

13

Uphamstability, cytotoxicity and epigenetic toxicity of nanotube suspensions. Water Research (In Press).

57. Trosko, J.E. and B.L., Upham (2009). A Paradigm Shift is required for the Risk assessment of Potential Human Health After exposure to Low Level Chemical Exposures: A Response to the Toxicity Testing in the 21St Century. Int. J. Toxicol. (Submitted).

Proceedings & Book Chapters

1. Upham, B.L., K.K. Hatzios and L.S. Jahnke (1986). Inhibition of the photosynthetic electron transport by rabbit sera. In Proceedings of the VII International Congress of Photosynthesis. Vol.2, J. Biggins (ed.) II.11.577-580.

2. Upham, B.L., B. Boddy, X. Xing, J.E. Trosko, and S.J. Masten (1996). Non-genotoxic effects of ozonated atrazine, alachlor, carbofuran, lindane and 2,4-D on gap junction intercellular communication. Technol In Proc. of IOA Pan American Conference: Applications and optimizations of ozone for potable water treatment.

3. Trosko, J.E., C.C. Chang, and B.L Upham (2002): “Modulation of gap junctional communication by ‘epigenetic’ toxicants: A shared mechanism in teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, atherogenesis, immunomodulation, reproductive- and neuro-toxicities”. In: Biomarkers of environmentally associated disease: Technologies, concepts, and perspectives. S.H. Wilson and W.A. Suk, eds. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton.

Abstracts & Research Presentations (Undergraduate students under my supervision indicated in Italic-type, and graduate students are underlined)

1. Upham, B.L. and L.S. Jahnke (1982). Antibody inhibition of the Mehler reaction in isolated spinach chloroplast. Plant Physiol. Supp. 69:75.

2. Upham, B.L. and K.K. Hatzios (1985). Investigations on the involvement of diphenyl ether herbicides in free radical production. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 38:445.

3. Upham, B.L. and K.K. Hatzios (1985). Investigations on the involvement of FeSO4, ferredoxin and ascorbate on free radical production in pea chloroplast. Virginia J. Sci. 36:88.

4. Upham, B.L., L.S. Jahnke and K.K. Hatzios (1985). The characterization and identification of a Mehler reaction inhibitor from rabbit serum. Plant Physiol. Supp. 77:102.

5. Upham, B.L. and K.K. Hatzios (1986). Investigations on the involvement of hydroxyl, peroxy and alkoxy radicals in the peroxidative actions of selected diphenyl ether herbicides. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. 26:82.

6. Upham, B.L. and K.K. Hatzios (1986). Investigations on the potential counteraction of paraquat toxicity at the chloroplast level. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 39:414.

7. Upham, B.L. and K.K. Hatzios (1986). Diethyldithiocarbamate, a new photosystem I electron donor of Mehler-type Hill reactions. Virginia J. Sci. 37:51.

8. Upham, B.L., L.S. Jahnke and K.K. Hatzios (1986). Inhibition of the photosynthetic electron transport of isolated chloroplast by hemolyzed rabbit sera. VII International Congress on Photosynthesis, pp. 205-345.

9. Upham, B.L., K.K. Hatzios and J.G. Foster (1987). Interaction of ascorbate and iron in ferredoxin-dependent oxygen free radical production in thylakoids. Plant Physiol. Supp. 83:620.

10. Upham, B.L., J.G. Foster and L.S. Jahnke (1988). The stimulation of Mehler reaction rates and the depletion of H2O2 pools by ascorbate and Fe(II). Plant Physiol. Supp. 86:287.

14

Upham11. Upham, B.L., H. Alizadeh, K. Ryan and D.T.A. Lamport (1991). The specific crosslinking of

extensin by a pI 4.6 peroxidase. Plant Physiol. Suppl. 96:558.

12. Upham, B.L., J.E. Trosko and S.J. Masten (1993). The effect of polychlorinated biphenyls on gap junction communication in rat endothelial cells. Presented at the 48th Annual Industrial Waste Conference, (5/10/93), Purdue University, Lafayette, IN.

13. Upham, B.L., J.J. Yao, S.J. Masten, and J.E. Trosko (1994). Environmental engineering implications of non-genotoxic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their ozonation by-products on the intercellular communication of rat liver epithelial cells. Presented at the 49th Annual Industrial Waste Conference, (5/9/93), Purdue University, Lafayette, IN.

14. Upham, B.L., X. Xing, B.M. Boddy, S.J. Masten, and J.E. Trosko (1994). Assessment of the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pesticides by monitoring intercellular communication in mammalian cell cultures. Presented at the 49th Annual Industrial Waste Conference, (5/9/93), Purdue University, Lafayette, IN.

15. Upham, B.L., J.J. Yao, J.E. Trosko, and S.J. Masten (1994). Determination of the required ozone dosage needed to remove all components inhibitory to gap junction intercellular communication. Presented at the Workshop in Environmental Chemistry, Midwest Section of the American Chemical Society (10/8/94), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

16. Upham, B.L., J.J. Yao, J.E. Trosko, and S.J. Masten (1994). Determination of the efficacy of ozone treatment systems using a gap intercellular communication bioassay. Presented at the Conference on Current Issues in Food Safety (10/12/94), Lansing, MI.

17. Xing, X., B.M. Boddy, S.J. Masten, J.E. Trosko, B.L. Upham (1994). Assessment of the toxicity of ozonation products of atrazine, 2,4-D, carbofuran, lindane, and alachlor by monitoring intercellular communication in mammalian cell culture systems. Presented at the Conference on Current Issues in Food Safety (10/12/94), Lansing, MI.

18. Upham, B.L., J.J. Yao, J.E. Trosko, and S.J. Masten (1995). Determination of the efficacy of ozone treatment systems using a gap junction intercellular communication bioassay. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/5/95, Baltimore, MD Fundament. Appl. Toxicol. 15, 1465.

19. Upham, B.L., J.J. Yao, J.E. Trosko, and S.J. Masten (1995). Effect of ozonation on the epigenetic toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. pp. 147. Presented at the International Congress of Hazardous Waste: Impact on Human Health, (6/7/95), Atlanta, GA.

20. Upham B.L., A.M. Rummel, S.J. Masten, and J.E. Trosko (1995). Nongenotoxic effects of alkylated vs. nonalkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on gap junctional intercellular communication. Presented at the Research Findings on Environmental Remediation and Toxicology (6/1/95), Lansing, MI.

21. Boddy, B.M., X. Xing, S.J. Masten, J.E. Trosko, and B.L. Upham (1995). Assessment of nongenotoxic effects of selected pesticides and their ozonation by-products. Presented at the Research Findings on Environmental Remediation and Toxicology (6/1/95), Lansing, MI.

22. Xing, X., B.M. Boddy, S.J. Masten, J.E. Trosko, and B.L. Upham (1995). Assessment of the toxicity of atrazine, 2,4-D, carbofuran, lindane, and alachlor and their ozonation by-products by monitoring intercellular communication in mammalian cell cultures. Presented at the Research Findings on Environmental Remediation and Toxicology (6/1/95), Lansing, MI.

23. Upham, B.L., L.M. Weis, A.M. Rummel, S.J. Masten and J. Trosko (1996). The toxic effects of methylated anthracenes on gap junctional intercellular communication depends on the ring position of the methyl group. Presented at the 6th Annual Meeting of the Midwest Section of the American Cancer Society, 11/17/95, Lansing, MI.

15

Upham24. Upham, B.L., N.D. DeoCampo, and J. Trosko (1996). The role of gap junctional intercellular

communication in the toxicity of quadricyclane, perfluorodecanoic acid, perfluorooctanoic acid and jet fuels JP-8 and JP-4. Presented at the 6th Annual Meeting of the Midwest Section of the American Cancer Society, 11/17/95, Lansing, MI.

25. Upham, B.L., L.M. Weis, A.M. Rummel, S.J. Masten and J. Trosko (1996). The biological effects of methylated anthracenes on gap junctional intercellular communication depends on the ring position of the methyl group. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/10/96, Anaheim, CA, Fundam. Appl. Toxocol. 30, 1066.

26. Upham, B.L., N.D. DeoCampo, and J. Trosko (1996). The role of gap junctional intercellular communication in the toxicity of quadricyclane, perfluorodecanoic acid, perfluorooctanoic acid and jet fuels JP-8 and JP-4. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/10/96, Anaheim, CA, Fundam. Appl. Toxocol. 30, 1065.

27. Upham, B.L., H. Cho, and J. Trosko (1996). Hydrogen peroxide inhibits gap junction intercellular communication via hyperphosphorylation of connexin 43 similar to TPA. Presented at the Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology: Oxidant Stress, (1/8/96), Santa Fe, NM.

28. Krieger, T., L. Loch-Caruso, B.L. Upham, J. Trosko (1996). Glutathione modulation effects lindane-induced inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication between rat myometrial cells. Society for the Study of Reproduction Conference, London, Ontario Can., presented by T. Krieger Biol. Reprod. 54, 492.

29. Weis, L.M., B.L. Upham, A.M. Rummel, S.J. Masten, and J.E. Trosko (1996). Determining a correlation between structural elements of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication. Presented at the Forum on Environmental Remediation and Environmental Toxicology (9/19/96), Lansing, MI.

30. Upham, B.L., K-S Kang, H-Y Cho, and J.E. Trosko (1996). Hydrogen peroxide inhibits gap junctional intercellular communication in glutathione sufficient but not glutathione deficient cells. Presented at the Forum on Environmental Remediation and Environmental Toxicology (9/19/96), Lansing, MI.

31. Upham, B.L., K-S Kang, H-Y Cho,. DeoCampo, and J.E. Trosko (1996). Perfluorinated fatty acids of specific chain lengths directly inhibit gap junctional intercellular communication and indirectly inhibit via H2O2 in glutathione sufficient but not glutathione deficient cells. Presented at the US Air Force of Scientific Research Toxicology Program Review (12/12/97), Fairborn, OH.

32. Upham, B.L., M. Wilson, Chia-Cheng Chang, and J.E. Trosko (1996). Oxidative stress, signal transduction and cell-cell communication. The International Conference on Environmental and Industrial Toxicology, (2/15/96) Bangkok, Thailand, presented by J.E. Trosko.

33. Upham, B.L., N.D. DeoCampo, B. Wurl, B., and J.E. Trosko (1997). Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication by perfluorinated fatty acids was dependent on the chain length of the fluorocarbon tail. Presented at the annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/9/97, Cincinnati, OH, Fundam. Appl. Toxocol Suppl 36:302.

34. Weis, L.M., Upham, B.L., A.M. Rummel, S.J. Masten and J.E Trosko (1997). Determining a correlation between structural elements of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/9/97, Cincinnati, OH, Fundam. Appl. Toxocol. Suppl. 302:301.

35. Upham, B.L., L.M. Weis, A.M. Rummel, S.J. Masten and J.E. Trosko (1997). Structure-function relationships of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication., Presented at the 10-Year Anniversary of the Super Fund Basic Research Program, (2/24/97), Research Triangle, NC.

16

Upham36. Upham, B.L., K.-S. Kang, H.-Y Cho, and J.E. Trosko (1997). Hydrogen peroxide inhibits gap

junctional intercellular communication in glutathione sufficient but not glutathione deficient cells., Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Michigan Regional Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, (5/22/97), Michigan State University.

37. Upham, B.L., M.R. Wilson, T. Koski, L.M. Weis, N. DeoCampo, and J.E. Trosko (1997). Small structural changes in compounds such as PAHs, ceramide or perfluorinated fatty acids greatly alter the potency of inhibition on gap junctional intercellular communication. Presented at the 1997 International gap junction conference, (7/12/97), Key Largo, FL, Abstract #129.

38. Chen, G., B.L. Upham, C.C. Chang, E.J. Rothwell, K.M. Chen, and J.E. Trosko (1997). Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields partially blocked the chemically-induced differentiation of Friend mouse leukemia cells into hemoglobin containing cells. Presented at the “1997 Annual Review of Research on Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields from the Generation, Delivery & Use of Electricity”, (11/9/97-11/13/97), San Diego, CA, Abstract#?.

39. Upham, B.L. (1997). Small structural changes in compounds such as PAHs, ceramide or perfluorinated fatty acids greatly alter the potency of inhibition on gap junctional intercellular communication. Presented at the International Symposium on the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis (9/12/97-9/13/97), Michigan State University, Abstract #24.

40. Upham, B.L., T. Koski, M.R. Wilson, and J.E. Trosko (1998). Six and eight carbon ceramides were potent inhibitors of gap junctional intercellular communication and apoptosis whereas a two carbon ceramide was a weak inhibitor of cell communication but a strong inducer of apoptosis. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/1/98, Seattle, WA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl.:42:703.

41. Trosko, J.E., C.C. Chang, B. L. Upham, M.R. Wilson (1998). Epigenetic toxicology as toxicant-induced changes in intracellular signalling leading to altered gap junctional intercellular communication. Presented by Dr. Trosko at the “Proceedings of the International Congress of Toxicology” meeting on “Chemical Safety for the 21st Century”.

42. Sai, K., B.L. Upham, K-S Kang, R. Hasegawa, T. Inoue, and J.E. Trosko (1998). Inhibitory effect of pentachlorophenol on gap junctional intercellular communication in rat liver epithelial cells in vitro. Presented by Dr. Sai at the Japanese Society of Toxicology meeting, June 19, 1998, Nagoya, Japan, Toxicology Letters 95:181, 1998.

43 Upham, B.L., A.M. Rummel, M.R.Wilson, and J.E Trosko (1999). Monomethyl or monochloro-isomers of anthracene with bay-like regions inhibited gap junctional intercellular communication and induced the mitogen activated phosphokinase ERK. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/14/98, New Orleans, LA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl.:48:1080.

44 Suzuki, J., B.L. Upham, and J.E. Trosko (1999). Electromagnetic fields inhibit gap junctional communication and differentiation of osteoblasts. Presented by Dr. Suzuki at the International Association for Dental Research, 3/10/99, Vancouver, Canada.

45 Ghoshal, S., B.L. Upham, A.M. Rummel, J.E. Trosko, W.J. Weber (1999). Assessment of the epigenetic toxicity of a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons before and after biodegradation. Presented by Dr. Ghoshal at the SCE-CSCE National Conference on Environmental Engineering, 7/25/99, Norfork, VA.

46 Suzuki, J., B.L. Upham, L. McCabe, C.C. Chang, V. Kurutovskikh, H. Yamasaki and J.E. Trosko (1999). Modulation of differentiation by transfected dominant negative connexin43 in mouse osteoblast cell clones. Presented by Dr. Trosko at the International Gap Junction Conference, 08/28/1999, Gwatt, Switzerland.

47 Rothwell, E.J., K.M. Chen, J. Suk, C.C. Chang, J.E. Trosko, G. Chen, B.L. Upham, and W. Sun (1999). In vitro Effects of 60 Hz Magnetic Fields on Cell Differentiation

17

Uphamand Proliferation. Presented by Dr. Rothwell at the 1999 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers meeting on Antennas and Propagation International Symposium and URSI Radio Science, 5/11/99, Orlando, FL.

48 Davis, J., B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko, and K.A. Schwartz (1999). Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication in cardiac myocytes overloaded with iron. Presented at the International Conference on “Epigenetic toxicant-induced signal transduction and altered cell-cell communication” 10/19/99, Ann Arbor, MI.

49 Davis, J., B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko, and K.A. Schwartz (1999). Iron overload in rat neonatal cardiac myocytes decreases gap junctional intercellular communication. Presented at the “Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology”by Davis 11/15/99, Blood 94:3201.

50 Pickering, C.R., J.E. Trosko, B.L. Upham (1999). Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication in rat liver epithelial cells by the signal transductant nitrous oxide. Presented at the International Conference on “Epigenetic toxicant-induced signal transduction and altered cell-cell communication” 10/19/99, Ann Arbor, MI.

51 Chen G., B.L. Upham, V. Krutovskikh, H. Yamasaki, and J.E. Trosko (1999). A dominant negative cx43 gene decreases the molecular weight cut off of gap junctions to 650 and inhibits differentiation. Presented at the International Conference on “Epigenetic toxicant-induced signal transduction and altered cell-cell communication” 10/19/99, Ann Arbor, MI.

52 Upham, B.L., T.R. Koski, M.R. Wilson, A.D. Horvath, J.E. Trosko. (1999). C4- and C6-ceramides were potent inhibitors of gap junctional intercellular communication and apoptosis whereas a C2-ceramide was a weak inhibitor of communication but a strong inducer of apoptosis. Presented at the International Conference on “Epigenetic toxicant-induced signal transduction and altered cell-cell communication” 10/19/99, Ann Arbor, MI.

53 B.L. Upham, J.M. Carbone, L.L. Li, A.M. Rummel, T. Lee, and J.E. Trosko (1999). Resveratrol, an antioxidant found in red wine, prevented the inhibition of gap junction intercellular communication by the tumor promoting agents dicumyl and benzoyl peroxides. Presented at the International Conference on “Epigenetic toxicant-induced signal transduction and altered cell-cell communication” 10/19/99, Ann Arbor, MI.

54 Upham, B.L., G. Chen, A. Voges, K. Sai, and J.E. Trosko (1999). The inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication and the activation of MAPK by methylated anthracenes with specific structures. Presented at the International Conference on “Epigenetic toxicant-induced signal transduction and altered cell-cell communication” 10/19/99, Ann Arbor, MI.

55 Carbone, J.M., T. Lee, L.L. Li, A.M. Rummel, J.E Trosko and B.L. Upham (2000). Resveratrol, an antioxidant found in red wine, prevented the inhibition of gap junction intercellular communication by the tumor promoting agents dicumyl and benzoyl peroxides. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/19/00, Philadelphia, PA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl.:54:1258.

56 Upham, B.L, J.M. Carbone, L.L. Li, A.M. Rummel, T. Lee, and J.E. Trosko (2000). The science of why moderate consumption of red wine might be a ‘healthy food’: Prevention of tumor promoter-inhibition of cell-cell communication. Presented at a conference titled “The Food System of the 21st Century: Strategic Opportunities and Challenges”, 2/8/2000, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

57 Upham, B.L., K Sai, P K Tithof, G Chen, M R Wilson and J E Trosko (2000). Inhibition of gap junction communication, activation of MAPK, and the release of arachidonic acid by specific isomers of methylated anthracenes. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/19/00, Philadelphia, PA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl.:54:1516.

18

Upham58 Trosko, J.E., G. Chen, J. Suzuki, B.L. Upham, V. Krutovskikh, H. Yamasaki, and C.C. Chang (2000).

The effect of a dominant-negative connexin43 on gap junctional communication and differentiation of several mammalian progenitor cell lines. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/19/00, Philadelphia, PA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 54:246.

59 Trosko, J.E., C.C. Chang and B.L. Upham (2000). Modulation of gap junctional communication by “epigenetic” toxicants: A shared mechanism in teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, atherogenesis, immunomodulation, reproductive- and neuro-toxicities. Presented by J.E. Trosko at the Conference on Arctic Development, Pollution, and Biomarkers of Human Health, 5/1/00, Anchorage, Alaska.

60 Rothwell, E.J., K.M. Chen, J. Suk, C.C. Chang, J.E. Trosko, G. Chen, B.L. Upham, and W. Sun (2000). In vitro effects of 60 Hz magnetic fields on the differentiation and proliferation of Friend leukemia cells. Presented by E.J. Rothwell at the IEEE AP-S International Symposium and URSI Radio Science Meeting, Salt Lake City, Utah, July 16-21, 2000.

61 Trosko, J.E., C.C. Chang and B.L. Upham (2000). Gap junctional intercellular communication: A biological “Rosetta stone” concept for understanding “epigenetic toxicology”. Presented by J.E. Trosko at the 2nd Congress of the Asian Society of Toxicology ASIATOX II, 8/23/00, Cheju Island, Korea.

62 Suzuki, J., B.L. Upham, L. McCabe, C.C. Chang, V. Kurutovskikh, H. Yamasaki, J.E. Trosko (2000) Transfection of dominant negative connexin inhibit differentiation of osteoblasts. J. Dental Res. 79:612.

63 Upham, B.L., M-H Tai, G. Chen, K. Kwan, R. Halgren, T. Zacharewski and J.E. Trosko (2000). The role of cell communication on gene expression of differentiating stem cells exposed to environmental toxicants. Presented at the Super Fund Basic Research Program Annual Meeting, 12/12/00, Chapel Hill, NC.

64 Trosko, J.E., K Kwan, B.L. Upham, R. Halgren, T. Zacharewski, and C.C. Chang (2001). Stem cell biology in toxicology. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/25/01, San Francisco, CA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 60:150.

65 Upham, B.L., A.M. Rummel, J.M. Carbone, J.E. Trosko, Y Ouyang and N.E. Kaminski (2001). Cannabinoids inhibited gap junctional intercellular communication and activated extracellular receptor kinase in a rat liver epithelial cell line. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/25/01, San Francisco, CA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 60:750.

66 Upham, B.L., J.E. Trosko, A. Hirose, R. Hasegawa, J. Kanno, T. Inoue, and K. Sai (2001). Structure-activity relationships of perfluorinated fatty acids on gap junctional intercellular communication and MAPK using in vivo and in vitro model systems. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/25/01, San Francisco, CA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 60:746.

67 Teng, H.C., S. Cherng, K.A. Jenrow, C.C. Chang, J.E. Trosko, and B.L. Upham (2001). Frequency-dependent effects of ELF-EMF on gap junctional intercellular communication in bone cell line. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Bioelectromagnetics Society, 6/10/01, Fredrick, MD.

68 Blaha, L., Machala, M.., Vondracek, J., Neca, J., Upham, B.L. (2001). In vitro assessment of non-genotoxic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Presented by Dr. Blaha at the 9th international congress on Toxicology, 7/8/2001, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, Toxicology 164:154-155.

69 Giesy, J.P., W.Y. Hu, P.D. Jones, B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko (2002). Comparisons among perfluorinated compounds of effects on gap junctional intercellular communication. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/17/02, Nashville, TN Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 66:208.

70 Upham, B.L., J.M. Davis, J.E. Trosko, and K.A. Schwartz (2002). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with bay-like structures inhibited gap junctional intercellular communication in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and caused asynchronous beating. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/17/02, Nashville, TN Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 66:1410.

19

Upham71 Upham, B.L. and J.E. Trosko (2002). Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular

communication and the activation of mitogen activated protein kinase by PCBs depend on subtitution of chlorine in the ortho-position. . Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/17/02, Nashville, TN Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 66:LB22.

72 Y. Nakamura, J.E. Trosko, and B.L Upham (2002). Up-regulation of gap junctional communication by psyllium extracts decreased anchorage independent growth in ras-transfected rat liver oval cells. . Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/17/02, Nashville, TN Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 66:LB111

73 B.L. Upham, L. Bláha, J. Vondráček, M. Machala and J.E. Trosko (2002). Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication and the activation of mitogen activated protein kinase by PCBS depends on substitution of chlorine in the ortho-position. Presented at The Second PCB Workshop: Recent advances in the environmental toxicology and health effects of PCBs, 5/7/02, Brno, Czech Republic.

74 Teng, H.C., S. Cherng, J.E. Trosko, C.C. Chang, B.L. Upham (2002). Sensitivity of osteoblast cells to inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication by ELF-EMF-EMF at 14Hz. Presented at the “Annual Meeting of the Bioelectromagnetic” Society by Dr. Cherng, 6/24/02, Quebec City, Canada.

75 Upham, B.L., P.K. Tithof, and J.E. Trosko (2002). Inhibition of gap junction communication, activation of MAPK, and the release of arachidonic acid by specific isomers of methylated anthracenes. Presented at the Gordon Conference on “Mechanisms of Toxicity”, 7/21/02, Lewiston, ME.

76 Upham, B.L., P.K. Tithof, and J.E. Trosko (2003). The role of phosphatidylcholine PLC in the inhibition of gap junction communication, activation of MAPK, and the release of arachidonic acid by specific isomers of methylated anthracenes. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/9/03, Salt Lake City, UT Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 72:520.

77 Y. Nakamura, C.C. Chang, T. Mori, K. Sato, K. Ohtsuki, B.L. Upham, and J.E. Trosko (2003). Induction of differentiation by kaempherol in GJIC-sufficient but not GJIC-deficient colon cancer cells. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/9/03, Salt Lake City, UT Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 72:1030.

78 M. Tai, B.L. Upham, and J.E. Trosko (2003). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with bay-like structures inhibited gap junctional intercellular communication in immortalized human pancreatic ductal epithelial cells. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/9/03, Salt Lake City, UT Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 72:1150.

79 Upham, B.L. (2003). Integrated Signaling Effects Of Epigenetic Toxicants. Presented at the “Epigenetic Toxicant” symposium at the 2003 Congress on in vitro Biology, 5/31/03, Portland, OR.

80 M. Machala, L. Blaha, P. Kapplova, K. Pencikova, J. Neca, Z. Andrysik, B. Upham, J. Vondracek (2003). Acute Exposure To Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Affects Multiple Cell Signaling Components In Rat Liver Epithelial Cell Line. Presented by Dr. Machala at the Annual Meeting of EuroTox, 9/28/03, Florence, Italy.

81 M. Machala, L. Blaha, P. Kapplova, K. Pencikova, J. Neca, Z. Andrysik, B. Upham, J. Vondracek (2003). Inhibition of GJIC by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls: Relative Inhibitory Potencies and Screening for Potential Mode(s) of Action. Presented by Dr. Machala at the International Gap Junction Congress, Cambridge, 8/23/03, England.

82 Upham, B.L., J. Scott, J.M. Carbone, L-L Li, A.M. Rummel, and J.E. Trosko (2004). Epigenetic mechanisms of organic tumor promoters and the anticarcinogenic role of resveratrol. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/21/04, Baltimore, MD Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 78:1660.

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Upham83 Nakamura, Y., N. Yoshikawa, K. Sato, K. Ohtsuki, C.C. Chang, B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko (2004).

Purification of the bioactive ingredient in psyllium that up-regulates gap junctional communication in Ras-transfected rat liver epithelial cells. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/21/04, Baltimore, MD Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 78:1092.

84 Upham, B.L., P.K. Tithof, and J.E. Trosko (2004). The role of phosphatidylcholine PLC in the inhibition of gap junction communication, activation of MAPK, and the release of arachidonic acid by specific isomers of methylated anthracenes. Presented at the 2004 World Congress of In Vitro Biology, 5/22/04

85 J.E. Trosko and B. L. Upham (2004). Crises in the Chemical Genotoxicity Paradigm: Stem cells, Cell-Cell Communication and Systems biology as Ignored Concepts”. Presented at the 10th International Congress of Toxicology, 7/11/04, Tampere, Finland.

86 Upham, B.L., and J.E. Trosko (2005). Epigenetic effects of oxidative stress. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/3/05, New Orleans, LA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 84:822.

87 Y. Nakamura, I. Hiroki, N. Yoshikawa, K. Sato, K. Ohtsuki, C. Chang, B.L. Upham and J.E. Trosko. (2005). Β-sitosterol in psyllium seed husk restores gap junctional intercellular communication in Ha-ras transfected rat liver epithelial cells. Presented by Nakamura at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/3/05, New Orleans, LA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 84:1501.

88 Upham B.L. and J.E. Trosko (2005). Oxidative control of cell signaling. Presented at the 2005 In Vitro Biology Meeting, 6/5/05, Baltimore, MD, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal, 41:60A-60A.

89 M. Machala, K. Pencikova, L. Svihalkova-Sindlerova, L. Umanova, J. Neca, Z. Andrysik, L. Blaha, A. Kozubik, B. Upham, J. Trosko, J. Vondracek (2005). Early effects of lipophilic xenobiotics on rat liver epithelial oval-like cells are occurring in parallel with inhibition of GJIC. Presented by Dr. Machala at the “2005 International Gap Junction Conference”, 8/13/05, Whistler, British Columbia, Canada.

90 B.L. Upham, L. Blaha, M. Guzvic, and J.E. Trosko (2005) The role of phosphatidylcholine PLC in the inhibition of gap junction communication, activation of MAPK, and the release of arachidonic acid by specific isomers of methylated anthracenes. Presented at the Duke/NIEHS Environmental Epigenomics, Imprinting and Disease Susceptibility Conference, 11/2/05, Durham, NC.

91 H. Yoo, P. D. Jones, P.W. Bradley, M. Guzvic, B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko, J.L. Newsted and J.P. Giesy (2005). Separation and characterization of structural isomers of perfluorinated compounds. Presented by Yoo at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 11/15/05, Baltimore, MD.

92 L. Blaha, J.E. Trosko, and B.L. Upham (2006). The role of phospholipases in the inhibition of gap junction communication and the activation of MAPK by specific isomers of methylated anthracenes. Part 1. To be presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/5/06, San Diego, CA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 90:961.

93 B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko, and L. Blaha (2006). Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication by phospholipid metabolites and protection by the red wine antioxidant, resveratrol. Part 2. To be presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/5/06, San Diego, CA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 90:66.

94 Y. Nakayama, Y. Nakamura, K. Sato, C-C Chang, B.L. Upham, J.E. Trosko (2006). Induction of differentiation and growth inhibition by kaempferol in colon cancer cells with different differentiation profiles. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/5/06, San Diego, CA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 90:67.

21

Upham95 Y. Nakamura, C-C Chang, T. Mori, K. Sato, K. Ohtsuki, B.L. Upham, and J.E. Trosko (2006).

Augmentation of differentiation and gap junction function by kaempferol in partially differentiated colon cancer cells. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/5/06, San Diego, CA Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 90:61.

96 B L Upham, D.A. Whitten, C.G. Wilkerson, J E Trosko, and L. Blaha (2006). Identification of early upstream events in the inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication and the activation of MAPK by specific isomers of methylated anthracenes. Presented at a Gordon Conference on Mechanisms of Toxicty, 7/23/-06, Colby College, Waterville, ME.

97 A.M. Wilke, H. Boke, L.A. Kleinow, E. Kumar, J.E. Trosko, and B L Upham (2006). Mechanisms of inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication by potential tumor promoters. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Society of Toxicology, 11/03/06 East Lansing, MI.

98 B L Upham, D.A. Whitten, C.G. Wilkerson, J E Trosko, and L. Blaha (2006). Novel proteomic approaches to mapping signaling pathways induced by specific isomers of methylated anthracenes. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Society of Toxicology, 11/03/06 East Lansing, MI.

99 Y. Nakamura, Y. Nakayama, E. Park, K. Sato, B.L. Upham, C-C Chang, J.E. Trosko (2007). Development of an assay system for simple and easy determination of cell differentiation in well-diferentiated human colon cancer cells. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/26/07, Charlotte, NC Toxicol. Sci. Suppl. 96:1951

100 B.L. Upham, D.A. Whitten, C.G. Wilkerson, J E Trosko, and L. Blaha (2007). Identification of early upstream events in the inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication and the activation of MAPK by specific isomers of methylated anthracenes. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/26/07, Charlotte, NC Toxicol. Sci. Suppl. 96:1570.

101 B. L. Upham, D.A. Whitten, C.G. Wilkerson, J-S Park, I. Sovadinova, P. Babica, J.E. Trosko, and L. Blaha (2007). A novel proteomic approach to mapping GJIC-dependent signaling pathways induced by specific isomers of methylated anthracenes. Presented at the International Gap Junction Conference, 08/04/07, Helsingor, Denmark.

102 P. Babica, J.S. Park, I. Sovadinova, J.E. Trosko, L. Blaha, and B.L. Upham (2007). Lipid metabolite effects on gap junctional intercellular communication and activation of MAP-kinases. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, 03/18/07 Brookslodge, MI.

103 J.S. Park, I. Sovadinova, P. Babica, J.E. Trosko, C.C. Chang, B.L. Upham (2007). The use of an adult human liver stem cell line to assess epigenetic toxicants. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, 03/18/07 Brookslodge, MI.

104 I. Sovadinova, A. Wilke, H. Boke, P. Babica, L. Kleinow, E. Kumar, J.S. Park, B.L. Upham (2007). Mechanisms of inhibition of gap junction intercellular communication by different molecular pathways. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, 03/18/07 Brookslodge, MI.

105 B. L. Upham, Douglas A. Whitten, Curtis G. Wilkerson, JS Park, I. Sovadinova, P. Babica, J E Trosko, and L. Blaha (2007). Proteomic approaches indicated that Annexin 3 and phosphocholine-PLC are critical in PAH-induced inhibition of GJIC. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, 03/18/07 Brookslodge, MI.

106 J.S. Park, I. Sovadinova, P. Babica, J.E. Trosko, C.C. Chang, B.L. Upham (2007). The effects of PAHs on an adult human liver stem cell line. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, 11/9/07, East Lansing, MI.

22

Upham107 P. Babica, J.S. Park, I. Sovadinova, J.E. Trosko, L. Blaha, and B.L. Upham (2007).

The role of lipids on gap junctional intercellular communication and activation of extracellular regulated kinase. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, 11/9/07, East Lansing, MI.

108 J.S. Park, I. Sovadinova, P. Babica, A. Wilke, H. Boke, L. Kleinow, E. Kumar, J.E. Trosko, and B.L. Upham (2008). Mechanisms of inhibition of gap junction intercellular communication through different molecular pathways. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/16/08, Seattle, WA Toxicol. Sci. Suppl. 102:523.

109 B.L. Upham, J.S. Park, I. Sovadinova, P. Babica, J.E. Trosko, and C.C. Chang, (2008). The effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on gap junction function in an adult human liver stem cell line. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/16/08, Seattle, WA Toxicol. Sci. Suppl. 102:211.

110 Y. Nakamura, Y. Nakayama, A. Tanaka, T. Matsuo, S. Okamoto, B. L. Upham, C. Chang, J. E. Trosko, E. Park and K. Sato (2008). 3-Methylthio-propionic acid ethyl ester enhanced differentiation in well differentiated human colon cancer cells. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/16/08, Seattle, WA, Toxicol. Sci. Suppl. 102:877.

111 Babica, P., S. Park, I. Sovadinova, L. Blaha, A. Whitten, C.G. Wilkerson, J.E. Trosko, and B.L. Upham (2008). Early signaling events of rat liver epithelial cells in response PAHs – key roles of annexins and phospholipases. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, 05/09/08 Dow, Midland, MI.

112 Park, J.S., P Babica, I Sovadinova, J.E. Trosko, C.C Chang, B.L. Upham (2008): The effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on adult human epithelial liver stem cell line. In: The First Midwest Conference on Stem Cell Biology and Therapy, p. 52, Rochester, MI, USA, 9 May, 2008

113 Upham, B.L., D.A. Whitten, C.G. Wilkerson, J.S. Park, I. Sovadinova, P. Babica, J E Trosko, and L. Blaha (2008). Mapping signaling pathways that control gap junction function using modem proteomic approaches. Presented at the 2008 World Congress on In Vitro Biology, 6/14/2008, Tuscon, AZ, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal 44:S34.

114 Babica, P., S. Park, I. Sovadinova, L. Blaha, A. Whitten, C.G. Wilkerson, J.E. Trosko, and B.L. Upham (2008). Upstream biochemical signaling induced by 1-methylanthracene – key roles of annexins and phospholipases. Presented at a Gordon Conference on Mechanisms of Toxicity, 7/27/08, Bates College, Lewiston, ME

115 Matthew K., M. Avakian, D. Baston, J. Berninger, B. Brooks, R. Burgess, M. Denison, R. Di Giulio, B. Duncan, S. Ells, E. Gallagher, C. Konopnicki, C. Landon, X. Li, C. Matson, C. Maurice, T. McDonald, D.e Mount, K. Pezzoli, L. Reed, H. Sarabia, S. Safe, R. Tukey, B.L. Upham, and K.C. Donnelly (2008). Round robin testing of model chemicals and a complex mixture in a battery of bioassays. This was a multi-investigator project from several institutions presented by Donnelly, Upham, Matson, Baston, Sarabia as a special session o the 2008 Annual EPA Risk Assessors Training Conference, 10/6/2008, Seattle, WA.

116 Adamovský, O ., L. Bláha, P. Babica, K. Hilscherová, B.L. Upham (2008). Cyanobacterial extracts inhibit gap-junctional intercellular communication and activate MAPKs: indications of novel tumor promoting cyanotoxins? Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, 10/14/08, NSF, Ann Arbor, MI.

117 Kumar, E., P. Babica, , I. Sovadinova, H. Boke, A. Wilke, J.S. Park J.E. Trosko, and B.L. Upham (2008). The role of different signaling pathways in inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, 10/14/08, NSF, Ann Arbor, MI.

23

Upham118 Babica, P., J.S. Park, I. Sovadinova, L. Blaha, A. Whitten, C.G. Wilkerson, J.E.

Trosko, and B.L. Upham (2008). 1-methylanthracene induced upstream biochemical signaling – key roles of annexins and phospholipases. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, 10/14/08, NSF, Ann Arbor, MI.

119 Park, J.S., P. Babica, J.E. Trosko, L.D. Burgoon, T.R. Zacharewski, B.L. Upham (2008). Comparative gene expression analysis of 1- and 2-methylanthracene in rat liver stem cells. Presented at the biannual conference of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, 10/14/08, NSF, Ann Arbor, MI.

120 Upham, B.L., P.Babica, J.S. Park, I. Sovadinova, L. Blaha, A. Whitten, C.G. Wilkerson, J.E. Trosko, and (2009). Key roles of annexins and phospholipases in toxicant induced regulation of cell signaling relevant to cancer. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, 3/15/09, Baltimore; MD Toxocol. Sci. Suppl. 108:2223.

121 Upham, B.L., J.S. Park, P. Babica, O. Adamovský, J.E. Trosko (2009). The role of various phospholipase A2 enzymes in key cell signaling events affiliated with tumor promotion. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of In Vitro Biology, 6/6/09, Charleston, SC; In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal 45:S41.

122 Park, J.S., P. Babica, J.E. Trosko, and Upham, B.L. (2009). Comparative gene expression analysis of 1- and 2-methylanthracene in rat liver stem cells. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of In Vitro Biology, 6/6/09, Charleston, SC; In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal 45:S49.

123 Babica, P., J.S. Park, I. Sovadinova, L. Blaha, A. Whitten, C.G. Wilkerson, J.E. Trosko, and Upham, B.L. (2009). Tumor promotion-relevant cell signaling: key roles of annexins and phospholipases. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of In Vitro Biology, 6/6/09, Charleston, SC; In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal 45:S42.

124 Elmore, E. and B.L. Upham (2009). June Bradlaw memorial symposium: Toxicology in the 21st century. Presented an introduction for this symposium at the Annual Meeting of the Society of In Vitro Biology, 6/6/09, Charleston, SC.

125 Bláha, L., K. Hilscherová, K. Bartova, T. Sidlova, P. Babica, B.L. Upham (2009) New toxicity mechanisms of toxins produced by cyanobacteria in water blooms: Disruption of intercellular communication and modulation of estrogen receptor. Toxicol. Lett.189:S104.

SPECIAL PRESENTATIONS:

Invited: State, National and International

1. Moderator: Gave the introductory presentation for the “June Bradlaw Memorial Symposium: Toxicology in the 21st century” at the Annual Meeting of the Society of In Vitro Biology, Charleston, SC., June 6, 2009.

2. Moderator: Gave the introductory presentation for the symposium on “Epigenetic Toxicology” at the Fall Meeting of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, Ann Arbor, MI, November 14, 2008.

3. Moderator: Gave the introductory presentation for the symposium on “Advanced In Vitro Systems in Toxicology” at the Spring Meeting of the Michigan Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, Ann Arbor, MI, May 8, 2009.

4. Invited speaker, Chemistry Department, Kalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, MI, November 3, 2008. Title of presentation “The role of cell signaling systems in the toxicology of environmental contaminants”.

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Upham5. Invited symposium speaker for the Nagasaki University, 21st COE program, Young Scientist-

Organizing Nagasaki Symposium, International Consortium for Medical Care of Hibakusha and Radiation Life Science, March 7, 2005, Nagasaki, Japan; presentation title: A new paradigm of oxidative stress in biological organisms

6. Invited speaker, Toxicology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, March 9, 2004. Title of presentation “Epigenetic mechanisms of toxicants that epigenetically alter intra- and intercellular communication pathways important in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.”

7. Invited symposium speaker at the 2003 Congress on In Vitro Biology, June 6, 2003, Portland, OR; symposium title: Epigenetic Toxicants, Altered Intra-cellular Signaling and Modulated Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication, presentation title: Integrated Signaling Effects of Epigenetic Toxicants

8. Invited symposium speaker, at the “2nd Annual Norman N. Krieger, M.D. Lecture in Geriatric Medicine,” Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, November 7, 2001. Title of presentation: “Oxygen: The elixir of life and the kiss of death.”

9. Invited speaker, Department of Plant Biology, University of New Hampshire, September 27, 2001. Title of presentation: “A new paradigm of oxidative stress in biological organisms.”

10. Invited speaker, Biological Research Division, Estee Lauder Companies, Melville, NY, November 8, 2000. Title of presentation “The role of gap junctions in epigenetic toxicity.”

11. Invited speaker, Department of Chemistry & Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic, June 22, 2000. Title of presentation “Structural-determinants of environmental toxicants that epigenetically alter intra- and intercellular communication pathways important in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.”

12. Invited speaker, Institute of Biophysics, The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, CZ, June 23, 2000. Title of presentation and “The epigenetic effects of oxidative stress”.

13. Invited symposium speaker, at the international conference on “Epigenetic toxicant-induced signal transduction and altered cell-cell communication” Ann Arbor, MI., October 19, 1999. Title of presentation: “The epigenetic effects of oxidative stress.”

14. Invited speaker, Cellular & Molecular Toxicology Division, Biological Safety Research Center, Japanese National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan, February 18, 1999. Title of presentation: “The role of intra- and intercellular communication in oxidative-induced epigenetic pathways.”

15. Invited speaker, Radiobiology Division at the Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan, February 23, 1999. Title of presentation “Structural-determinants of environmental toxicants that epigenetically alter intra- and intercellular communication pathways important in cell proliferation and apoptosis.”

16. Invited workshop speaker (Mechanisms underlying non-targeted DNA mutations) at the 45th Annual Meeting of the Radiation Research Society, Providence, RI, May 6, 1997. Title of presentation: “The nongenotoxic effects of radiation and oxidative stress on the biology of gap junctional intercellular communication.”

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Upham17. Invited speaker, 3M Environmental Technology and Services, 3M Corp., St. Paul, MN, June 5, 1996.

Title of presentation: “Toxicological implications of exogenous modulation of gap junctional intercellular communication by perfluorinated aliphatic compounds.”

18. Invited speaker, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, February, 1995. Title of presentation: "Determination of the efficacy of ozone treatment systems using a gap junction intercellular communication bioassay."

19. Invited seminar speaker, Department of Chemistry, Eastern Michigan State University, April 3, 1994. Title of presentation: "Non-genotoxic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on gap junction intercellular communication."

20. Invited seminar speaker, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Math, General Motors Institute, May 11, 1994. Title of presentation: "Non-genotoxic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on gap junction intercellular communication."

21. Invited seminar speaker, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, April 4, 1988. Title of presentation: "The potential for developing crop tolerance to peroxidative herbicides."

22. Invited seminar speaker, Department of Agronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, May 5, 1988. Title of presentation: "The potential for developing crop tolerance to paraquat-type herbicides."

23. Invited seminar speaker, Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, May 24, 1988. Title of presentation: "Characterizing the photosynthetic electron transport site of paraquat action.

24. Invited seminar speaker, Department of Biology, Shippensburg University, Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, June 22, 1988. Title of presentation: "Oxygen toxicity in chloroplast."

Local/Home Campus

1. Invited seminar speaker, College of Engineering, Michigan State University, November 6 and 12, 2006. Presented two seminars at a college-wide seminar series on “Cell Biology for Engineers”.

2. Invited seminar speaker, National Food Safety & Toxicology Center, Michigan State University, October 4, 2004. Presented a research program overview.

3. Invited seminar speaker, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, October 15, 2002. Title of presentation: "A new paradigm of oxidative stress in biological organisms and the role of antioxidants".

4. Invited seminar speaker, National Food Safety & Toxicology Center, Michigan State University, November 15, 2002. Title of presentation: “Epigenetic toxicity of environmental & food born agents”.

5. Invited seminar speaker, National Food Safety & Toxicology Center, Michigan State University, April 15, 2002. Title of presentation: “The role of oxidative stress in food safety & nutrition”.

AWARDS AND SCHOLARSHIPS:

1999 Japan Food Hygiene Fellowship, (2/13/99 – 2/27/99), project title “In vivo determination of changes in key inter- and intra-cellular events in the mitogenic properties of peroxisome proliferators” from the Cellular & Molecular Toxicology Division, Biological Safety Research Center, Japanese National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan. All travel, lodging, and per diem expenses paid by Japanese NIHS.

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Upham1994 Poster Presentation Award, Purdue Environmental Chemistry Conference, Purdue University,

West Lafayette, Indiana.

1988 Sigma Xi Ph.D. Research Award, The Scientific Research Society, VPI & SU Chapter, Blacksburg, Virginia.

1986 Research Award from the Virginia Agricultural Chemical and Soil Fertility Association, Richmond, Virginia.

1985-86 Graduate Research Development Project Scholarship, Graduate School, VPI & SU, Blacksburg, Virginia.

1985 Cunningham Summer Dissertation Fellowship, Graduate School, VPI & SU, Blacksburg, Virginia.

1983 Fellowship for Teaching Assistants, Graduate School, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire.

1980 F. Randall Scholarship, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire.

1972 Eagle Scout, Boy Scouts of America, Nashua, New Hampshire.

CONTINUING EDUCATION

2004 Attended the Eighth EHS Center Thematic Symposium entitled "Proteomics: Technological Advances and Biomarker Identification", Wayne State University's Community Arts Auditorium, (10/22/04), Detroit, MI

2001 Attended the “Wayne State’s CME Annual Symposium on “Cellular Signaling and Regulation of Cell Proliferation” sponsored by Wayne State School of Medicine and the Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the Environmental Health Center in Molecular and Cellular Toxicology With Human applications, (10-4-01), Detroit, MI

1999 Attended the international symposium on the “Epigenetic toxicant-induced signal transduction and altered cell-cell communication” sponsored by the US EPA, NIEHS Superfund Basic Research Program, Michigan State Univ., Medical College of Ohio, and Univ. of Michigan (10/17-20/99), Ann Arbor, MI

1998 Attended the annual regional symposium on the “Recent developments in environmentally-linked teratogenesis” sponsored by the Midwest Chapter of the American Society of Toxicology (10/23/98), Dearborn, MI.

1997 Attended the annual regional symposium on the “Molecular and genetic basis of toxicology” sponsored by the Midwest Chapter of the American Society of Toxicology (11/14/97), Dearborn, MI.

1997 Attended a workshop on the “Regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis” sponsored by the American Society of Toxicology (3/9/97), Cincinnati, OH.

1997 Attended a seminar series on “Electromagnetic field effects on biological systems” sponsored by the Electrical Power Research Institute (3/2/97), New Orleans, LA.

1996 Attended the annual regional symposium on the “Regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis” sponsored by the Midwest Chapter of the American Society of Toxicology (10/6/96), Detroit, MI.

1995 Attended the annual regional symposium on the “The role of oxidative stress in toxicology” sponsored by the Midwest Chapter of the American Society of Toxicology (10/20/95), Detroit, MI.

1994 Attended the annual regional symposium on the “Regulation of gene expression, cellular function and toxicity” sponsored by the Midwest Chapter of the American Society of Toxicology (11/11/94), Detroit, MI.

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UphamMEMBERSHIPS IN HONOR SOCIETIES AND PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS:

1. Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society

2. American Chemical Society

3. American Society of Toxicology

4. Society of In Vitro Biology

5. Michigan Chapter: Society of Toxicology

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Upham1997–Present Mentor for undergraduate, graduate, postdoctoral, and visiting Ph.D./M.D. scholars.

A list of these students/scientists is given in the table below. As a faculty member of the College of Human Medicine that trains students for clinical degrees, I am not affiliated with any Ph.D. graduate programs, but have had students from collaborators’ research programs doing a part of their dissertations with our stem cell cancer and environmental toxicology group. The postdoctoral research associates I mentored were supported by our federally funded research programs. We have had many Ph.D. and M.D. scholars from around the world visiting our group to learn the pioneering concepts and techniques of our research program. (time trained under me)

Undergraduate research assistants(1 to 9 semesters)

Graduate StudentCollaborators

(6 or more months)

Post-doctoralresearch

associates(2 or more years)

VisitingPh.D. Scientists

(3 or more months)

Boke, Hatice* (3) Adamovský, Ondrej (11) Babica, Pavel (2.5) Blaha, Ludek (24)Broadway, Maia* (2) Ahn, Eun-Hyun (6) Chen, Gang (3) Cheng, K.I. (3)Carbone, J. Michael* (4) Cruz, Angela (48) Horvath, Anelia (1) Cherng, Shen (6)Carl, Kevin** (2) Boddy, Brad (9) Na, Hye-Kyung (0.5) Ghoshal, Subhasis (3)

Chopra, Rajus (1)Krieger-Burke, Teresa (3) Park, Joon-Suk (2.5) Halkova, Zhivka (3)

Coe, Chad** DeoCampo, Nestor (6) Suzuki, Junji (2) Hilscherova, Klara (12)Cunningham, Rebecca* (2) Guzvic, Miodrag (6) Leone, Antonella (4)Dew, Lauren Ashley? (2) Hsieh, Ching Yi (3) Munteanu, Cristina (3)Fisher, Amy* (2) Hu, W-Y (Wendy) (9) Phinney, Bret (3)Goodall, Lindsay (5) Kao, Anpei (6) Piatrenko, Sergei (3)Goodall, Meghan* (1) Li, Lan-Lan (9) Sai, Kimie (4)Hicks, Sara* (2) Meisel, Karl (6) Shi, Feng (3)Hopkins, Sarah* (2) Saitoh, Maki (3) Teng, H.C. (Alison) (6)Johnson, Michele? (1) Satoh, Andrea (6) Vesellinovic, Milena (3)King, Katie** (3) Tian, Ming (12) Yoo, Hoon (2)Kleinow, Lee* (3) Watson, Rebecca (3)Koski, Tyler** (4) Weis, Liliane (18)Kumar, Esha (4) Wu, Di (3)Lee, Tiffini* (2) Xing, Xiaoshi (9)Leykam, Joeseph* (2)Luczak, Christine? (2)Matlen, Shauna? (2)Padula, Darin* (1)Mianecki, Maxwell (1)Pickering, Curtis* (2)Pudrith, Charles* (3)Rajeev, Yuvanesh (1)Rummel, Alisa** (8)Schaper, Jeffrey* (2)Scott, Jacob** (4)Story, Annika* (2)Tran, Thuy-Ahn** (2)Voges, Andrea* (1)Wilke, Andrew* (4)Wurl, Elizabeth? (2)Zabriskie, Nieska** (2)Zuker, Jennifer* (4)

Highlighted name indicates currently in the lab*undergraduates that entered graduate school

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Upham**undergraduates that entered medical school?not known

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