cultural racism is the shared understanding of whose life is ......•hicken, margaret t., hedwig...

Cultural racism is the shared understanding of

whose life is counts.

Structural racism is the actualization of cultural

racism.

Structural racism is based on a strong symbiotic

connections among institutions, which exist and

operate to support cultural racism.

Historical policies and practices were designed to

segregate Black and White families into different

neighborhoods.

Segregation is maintained through ineffective

remedial policies and current practices across

institutions.

Segregation facilitates unequal neighborhood

development by private and public entities.

Photo credit: DotMap created by Dustin A. Cable, University of Virginia, Weldon Cooper Center for Public Service

Living in more segregated neighborhoods is related

to greater risk of chronic diseases and mortality.

Moving to less segregated neighborhoods is related

to lowering of blood pressure.

Neighborhood social disadvantage may be related

to DNA methylation patterns – A role for

segregation?

RACISM, HEALTHCARE & COVID

Chandra L. Ford, PhD, MPH, MLIS

BEYOND ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE:THE HEALTHCARE CONTINUUM

Diagnose Link to care

Retain in care

Adhere to

regimen

Healthcare Continuum

PROMOTE HEALTH / PREVENT DISEASETREAT

DiseaseDETECTDisease

Environ-ment

Policy Behav-iors

Etc.

= access to healthcare

entry pointAdapted from: Gardner et al., Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2011

Stage 3 (AIDS) Classifications among Adults and Adolescents with Diagnosed HIV Infection, by Race/Ethnicity and Year of Classification, 1985–2018—United States and 6 Dependent Areas

a Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race. Source: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

RESOURCES

(Illustration by Noa Denman)

References

• Sewell, Abigail A., Hedwig Lee, Rashawn Ray, Justin Feldman, Keon Gilbert, and Kevin Jefferson. “Illness Spillovers of Lethal Police Violence: The Significance of Gendered Marginalization.” Forthcoming in Ethnic and Racial Studies.

• Angela Bruns and Hedwig Lee. 2020. "Partner Incarceration and Women’s Substance Use." Journal of Marriage and the Family. https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12659

• Hicken, Margaret T., Alexis G. Stanton, and Hedwig Lee. (2019). “The Burden of Cultural Racism: Vigilance and Racial Health Inequalities.” In Racism: Science & Tools for the Public Health Professional, edited by C.L. Ford, D.M. Griffith, M.A. Bruce, and K.L. Gilbert. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association.

• Bruns, Angela and Hedwig Lee. 2019. “Racial Disparities in Criminal Justice Contact and Child Well-Being.” Handbook on Children of Incarcerated Parents: Research, Policy, and Practice, Second Edition, edited by J. Mark Eddy and Julie A Poehlmann-Tynan. Springer: Switzerland (Pages 37-52).

• Enns, Peter K., Youngmin Yi, Megan Comfort, Alyssa Goldman, Hedwig Lee, Christopher Muller, Sara Wakefield, Emily A. Wang, and Christopher Wildeman. 2019. “What Percentage of Americans Have Ever Had a Family Member Incarcerated? Evidence from the Family History of Incarceration Survey (FamHIS).” Socius6.

• Wildeman, Christopher, Alyssa Goldman, and Hedwig Lee. 2019 “Health Consequences of Family Member Incarceration for Adults in the Household.” Public Health Reports 134(1):15S-21S.

References

• Edwards, Frank, Hedwig Lee, and Michael Esposito. 2019. Risk of Being Killed by Police Use-of-Force in the U.S. by Age, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex. PNAS 116(34) 16793-16798.

• Lee, Hedwig and Margaret T. Hicken. 2018. “Racism and the Health of White Americans.” American Journal of Bioethics 18(10): 21-23.

• Edwards, Frank R., Michael Esposito, and Hedwig Lee. 2018. “Estimating the Risk of Police Involved Death by Race and Place.” American Journal of Public Health 108(9): 1241-8.

• Hicken, Margaret T., Hedwig Lee, and Anna Hing. 2018. “The Weight of Racism: Vigilance and Racial Inequalities in Weight-related Measures.” Social Science & Medicine 199: 157-66.

• Mezuk, Briana, Scott Ratliff, Jeannie B. Concha, Cleopatra M. Abdou, Jane Rafferty, Hedwig Lee, James S. Jackson. 2017. "Stress, Self-Regulation, and Context: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Survey. " Social Science & Medicine - Population Health 3:455-63.

• Esposito, Michael, Hedwig Lee, Margret Hicken, Lauren Porter, and Jerald Herting. 2017. “The Consequences of Contact with the Criminal Justice System for Health in the Transition to Adulthood.” Longitudinal and Life Course Studies 8(1): 57-74.

References

• Lee, Hedwig and Margret T. Hicken. 2016. “Death by a Thousand Cuts: An Examination of the Health Implications of Black Respectability Politics.” Souls 18(2-4): 421-445.

• Sewell, Abigail A., Kevin Jefferson, and Hedwig Lee. 2016. “Living Under Surveillance: Gender, Psychological Distress, and Stop-Question-and Frisk Policing in New York City.” Social Science & Medicine 159:1-13.

• Wildeman, Christopher, Sara Wakefield, and Hedwig Lee, eds. 2016. Tough on Crime, Tough on Families? Criminal Justice and Family Life in America. Special Issue of ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 665: 1-240.

• Wakefield, Sara, Hedwig Lee, and Christopher Wildeman. 2016. “Tough on Crime, Tough on Families? Criminal Justice and Family Life in America.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 665: 8-21.

• Haskins, Anna R. and Hedwig Lee. 2016. “Reexamining Race When Studying the Consequences of Criminal Justice Contact for Families.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 665: 224-230.

• Lee, Hedwig, Tyler McCormick, Margaret T. Hicken and Christopher Wildeman. 2015. “Racial Inequalities in Connectedness to Imprisoned Individuals in the United States.” DuBois Review: Social Science Research on Race 12(2): 269-282.

References

• Robinson, Whitney R., Kiarri N. Kershaw, Briana Mezuk, Jane Rafferty, Hedwig Lee, Vicki Johnson-Lawrence, Marissa J. Seamans and James S. Jackson. 2015. “Coming Unmoored: Disproportionate Increases in Obesity Prevalence among Young, Disadvantaged White Women.” Obesity 23(1): 213-219.

• Frank, Joseph W., Emily A. Wang, Marcella Nunez-Smith, Hedwig Lee, and Megan Comfort. 2014. "Discrimination Based on Criminal Record and Healthcare Utilization Among Men Recently Released from Prison." Health & Justice 2:6.

• Dumont, Dora, Christopher Wildeman, Hedwig Lee, Annie Gjelsvik, Pamela A Valera and Jennifer G Clarke. 2014. “Incarceration, Maternal Hardship, and Perinatal Health Behaviors.” Maternal and Child Health Journal 18(9): 2179-2187.

• Lee, Hedwig, Christopher Wildeman, Emily Wang, Niki Matusko and James S. Jackson. 2014. “A Heavy Burden? The Health Consequences of Having a Family Member Incarcerated.” American Journal of Public Health 104(3): 421-427.

• Wildeman, Christopher, Signe Hald Anderson, Hedwig Lee and Kristian Bernt Karlson. 2014. “Parental Incarceration and Child Mortality in Denmark." American Journal of Public Health 104(3): 428-433.

• Hicken, Margaret T., Hedwig Lee, Jeffrey D. Morenoff, James S. House and David R. Williams. 2014. “Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Hypertension Prevalence: Reconsidering the Role of Chronic Stress.” American Journal of Public Health 104(1): 117-123.

References

• Wildeman, Christopher, Hedwig Lee and Megan Comfort. 2013. “A New Vulnerable Population? The Health of Female Partners of Men Recently Released from Prison." Women’s Health Issues 23(6): e335–e340.

• Turney, Kristin, Hedwig Lee and Megan Comfort. 2013. “Discrimination and Psychological Distress among Recently Released Male Prisoners.” American Journal of Men’s Health 7(6): 482-493.

• Hicken, Margaret T., Hedwig Lee, Jennifer Ailshire, Sarah A. Burgard and David R. Williams. 2013. “Racial Disparities in Sleep: The Role of Racism-Related Vigilance.” Race and Social Problems 5(2): 100-112.

• Lee, Hedwig and Christopher Wildeman. 2013. “Things Fall Apart: Health Consequences of Mass Imprisonment for African American Women.” The Review of Black Political Economy 40(1): 39-52.

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cultural racism is the shared understanding of whose life is ......•hicken, margaret t., hedwig...

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