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Crop Circles

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CEREOLOGY

Crop-circle enthusiasts call themselvescereologists-- after Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture. Most cereologists (or "croppies," as they are sometimes called) believe that crop circles are the work of either extraterrestrials or plasma vortices.

Crop-circle enthusiasts call themselvescereologists-- after Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture. Most cereologists (or "croppies," as they are sometimes called) believe that crop circles are the work of either extraterrestrials or plasma vortices.11

How many appear?

Around 250 crop designs around the world appear each year on average. Several thousand have been documented since records began.

Around 250 crop designs around the world appear each year on average. Several thousand have been documented since records began.

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Where do they appear?

Crop circles are a global phenomenon, but predominantly appear in the Northern Hemisphere with Southern England as the main centre of activity, particularly Wiltshire.

Crop circles are a global phenomenon, but predominantly appear in the Northern Hemisphere with Southern England as the main centre of activity, particularly Wiltshire.

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When do they arrive?

Off-season formations have occurred, but most appear during the three main summer months of any given count

Off-season formations have occurred, but most appear during the three main summer months of any given count

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What crops do they appear in?

crop circles have most appeared in wheat, barley and oilseed rape as these main crops grown in England, but they have also been reported in rye, oats, flax, peas, potatoes, sweet corn maize and many other mediums, including rice paddy fields in Japan and wild grass

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Crop circles is a term used to describe patterns created by the flattening of crops such as wheat, barley, canola (also called "rapeseed"), rye, corn, linseed and soy.

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Examples can be found world wide.

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Various hypotheses have been offered to explain their formation, ranging from the naturalistic to the paranormal.

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Naturalistic explanations include man-made hoaxes or geological anomalies, while paranormal explanations include formation by UFOs.

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Many circles are known to be man-made, such as those created by Doug Bower, Dave Chorley, and John Lundberg,

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A 2000 study into circle hoaxing concluded that 80 percent of UK circles were definitely man-made.

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The Circle Makers: The most famous group of crop circle makers, founded by Doug Bower, Dave Chorley and John Lundberg.

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This Link (How Stuff Works:) explains how crop circles are made and how to make your own, with step by step pictures and complex circle patterns.

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This Link (Lucy Pringle) The de facto standard for comprehensive aerial photographs (from Lucy Pringle and others) of the UK's crop circles.

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the Hackpen formation of 1999

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A crop circle near Silbury Hill in Wiltshire, England, that resembles an Aztec Sun Stone

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Triskell

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Formation at Avebury Trusloe in Wiltshire

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This formation was discovered in Eastfield, England, in June 2004.

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A 780ft (240m) crop circle in the form of a double (six-sided)triskelioncomposed of 409 circles.Milk Hill, England, 2001.

This pattern we see here is a 780 feet large crop circle found Atriskelionortriskeleis amotifconsisting of three interlocked spirals. This crop circle noticed on Milk Hill in Wiltshire (Southern England) on August 13, 2001 is being hailed as the most awesome ever made. It is composed of 409 individual circles in a spiral pattern. Appropriately, it was found in the heart of crop circle country in the United Kingdom.

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"STONEHENGE JULIA SET

At Stonehenge in 1996 (below), a pilot reported seeing nothing unusual while flying above the monument at 4:15pm, yet 15 minutes later a second pilot reported this huge 900 ft formation resembling the Julia Set computer fractal. Comprising 149 circles and aligned along a spiral curve, it lay within view of the well-patrolled monument. It took a team of 11 including myself no less than five hours just tosurveythe formation.

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-Mandelbrot set crop formation

This is Mandelbrot Set formation, Probably one of the most famous formation which surfaced in 1991

Her we see a perfect representation of one of the most complex shapes in mathematics. These intelligent symbols relating to the development of fractal geometry mystified and delighted many.

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Crop circle discovered at Alton Barnes in England in June 2004.

Crop circle discovered at Alton Barnes in England in June 200449

An 600-foot long crop circle in the shape of a jellyfish with width of 197 feet.( June 3, 2009)

An 600-foot long crop circle in the shape of a jellyfish has appeared at an English farm.The pattern appeared on the fields of Berry Croft Farm, in Kingstone Coombes, Oxfordshire. It is about three times the size of usual crop circles, and has a width of 197 feet.

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The following are just some of the crop circles formed in 2008

WatchfieldWind Farmnear Shrivenham, Oxfordshire. Reported on the 1st of August, 2008.

Kanton, Zurich, Switzerland. Reported on the 15th of June, 2008.

Westwoods, near Lockeridge,Wiltshire. Reported on the 17th of July, 2008.

Wayland Smithy, near Ashbury, Oxfordshire. Reported on the 27th of July, 2008

North Down, near Beckhampton, Wiltshire. Reported on the10thof June, 2008.

Martinsell Hill, near Oare, Wiltshire. Reported on the 27th of July, 2008

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Pontecurone (Alessandria), Italy. Reported 22nd June, 2008.

Sudheim, Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony), Germany. Reported on the 7th of July, 2008.

Furze Knoll, near Beckhampton,Wiltshire. Reported on the 20th of June, 2008.

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26th August 2012Latest so far

Hackpen hill, Wiltshire, 26th August 2012

Hackpen hill, Wiltshire, 26th August 2012

According to Dr Colin Andrews, who has studied crop circles for 17 years, about 20% are caused by eddie currents in the earth's magnetic field - a mysterious shift in the electro-magnetic field creates a current that flattens the crops in its path.

That could probably explain the numerous reports of electronic equipment failing in crop circles and compasses spinning out of control in and over the crop circles (even when flying over in aircraft).

The Electro-magnetic Field TheoryCrop Circle Theories

Crop circle formation is similar to alleged UFO landing site reports where a circular swirling pattern is formed in grass, the grass remains unharmed, and is in inaccessible locations for vehicles.Channelers and ufologists pretend that crop circles are not symbols intended as a 'message to man.' These deliberately created pictographs are signposts, or reference marks produced by aliens moving in space and time (back and forth/in and out), who are monitoring the course of event trajectories. The pictographs serve primarily as reference markings and for 'event line' orientation and are deliberately embedded in a short-lived, perishable medium so that man's attention would not be attracted to specific locations.

The UFO Theory

The official government explanation is that whirlwinds, created by heat thermals, are the true cause of the crop circle anomaly. But whirlwinds or Mini-tornadoes are not static, they travel around and it is very unlikely that they would create such intricate and symmetrical patterns.The Whirlwind Theory

Hawkins observed that the circle patterns embodied geometric theorems that expressed specific relationships among the areas of the various circles, triangles, and other shapes. These patterns displayed "exact numerical relationships" (i.e., diatonic ratios) similar to those found in a scale of musical notes. For example, if a circle within a formation is 90 degrees and another is 80 degrees, the ratio is 9/8 which is the same ratio between the notes C and D, C being the eighth note of the diatonic scale and D being the ninth. These are the same ratios that are found in popular music, or in playing the white notes on the piano.

According to Stephen J. Smith, a paranormal investigator and amateur composer, these ratios are not the result of chanceNatural Music

"because the numbers have to be very precise in order to be a diatonic ratio. This is why music sounds like music instead of noise, because it is built on precise ratios." To derive music from the crop circles, Smith used a fractal music-generating computer program. He entered photographs of the formations into the computer, which read the photographs and generated music from the photos, using the crop circle scales to play it back.

Curiously, not all crop circles embody diatonic rations in their formations. Hence, some do not have musical qualities. Possibly, Smith says, the real circles have diatonic ratios, and the faked ones do not. Further, diatonic ratios may be only a part of the overall geometry of the formations.

Crop Circles in the Modern WorldSince the early 1990s the UK arts collective founded by artist John Lundberg, named the Circlemakers, have been creating some crop circles in the UK and around the world both as part of their art practice and for commercial clients.

On the night of July 1112, 1992, a crop-circle making competition, for a prize of several thousand UK pounds (partly funded by the Arthur Koestler Foundation), was held in Berkshire. The winning entry was produced by three Westland Helicopters engineers, using rope, PVC pipe, a trestle and a ladder. Another competitor used a small garden roller, a plank and some rope.

Making Crop Circles

How to make crop circles ?

Anybody can make a crop circle with simple tools. The only tools you need are rope, boards or metal pipes and a willing crew. Here is a common way of making crop circles. A stake is hammered into the field at the center of the area where the circle will be created.

A rope is tied to the stake and stretched to the edge of the circle.

A crew member at the end of the rope makes a perimeter by walking in a circle around the stake.

Boards or heavy pipes are then dragged over the crop to flatten plants within the space.

Outside the new circle, rings can be made by leaving sections of the crop undamaged.

Facts

Crop circles have been created in several different types of crops including wheat, barley, rye, corn, and other crops.

Crop circles could be seen as early as the 17th century when an English pamphlet called the Mowing-Devil produced an image, which depicts the devil with a scythe plowing a circular design in a field of oats.

In 1996, a crop circle appeared near Stonehenge. The farmer made people pay to see the evidence; he collected about $47,000 in four weeks. The actual value of the crop had it been harvested would have been only about $235. Every year, the fields of southern England become home to hundreds of formations that appear.

Some interesting shapes have appeared in crops including the first ten digits of Pi in 2008 and a jellyfish in 2009.

Mysterious phenomena similar to crop circles, ice circles have been found in frozen lakes.

Some believe that this similar formation may be caused by the upwelling of warmer water in the lake, and the darker colour of the circles represents thinning ice.

Who makes Crop Circles?

Possibly the most controversial theory is that crop circles are the work of visitors from other planetsPeople who agree with this theory say that the circles are either the imprint left by landing spacecraft or messages brought from afar for us earthlings. Some eyewitnesses claim to have seen UFO-like lights and strange noises emanating from crop circle sites.

UFOs and Aliens

that crop circles are the work of visitors from other planetsPeople who agree with this theory say that the circles are either the imprint left by landing spacecraft or messages brought from afar for us earthlings. Some eyewitnesses claim to have seen UFO-like lights and strange noises emanating from crop circle sites.

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A scientific theory says that crop circles are created by small currents of swirling winds calledvortices. The spinning columns force a burst of air down to the ground, which flattens the crops. Vortices are common in hilly areas such as parts of southern England.Winds

Probably the most scientific theory says that crop circles are created by small currents of swirling winds calledvortices.The spinning columns force a burst of air down to the ground, which flattens the crops. Vortices are common in hilly areas such as parts of southern England.Dr. Terence Meaden of theTornado and Storm Research Organization(TORRO) in Wiltshire, England, says the vortices that create crop circles are charged with energy (his idea is called thePlasma Vortex Theory). When dust particles get caught up in the spinning, charged air, they can appear to glow, which may explain the UFO-like glowing lights many witnesses have seen near crop circles.But the question remains -- how can a few seconds worth of spinning air create such intricate and perfectly defined crop circles?

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Dr. Terence Meaden of the TORRO in Wiltshire, England, says the vortices that create crop circles are charged with energy (this is called thePlasma Vortex Theory). When dust particles get caught up in the spinning, charged air, they can appear to glow, which may explain the UFO-like glowing lights many witnesses have seen near crop circles.

Winds

Probably the most scientific theory says that crop circles are created by small currents of swirling winds calledvortices.The spinning columns force a burst of air down to the ground, which flattens the crops. Vortices are common in hilly areas such as parts of southern England.Dr. Terence Meaden of theTornado and Storm Research Organization(TORRO) in Wiltshire, England, says the vortices that create crop circles are charged with energy (his idea is called thePlasma Vortex Theory). When dust particles get caught up in the spinning, charged air, they can appear to glow, which may explain the UFO-like glowing lights many witnesses have seen near crop circles.But the question remains -- how can a few seconds worth of spinning air create such intricate and perfectly defined crop circles?

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A few researchers have theorized that smallairplanesorhelicoptersstir updowndraftsthat push the crops down into patterns.Recreation attempts so far have not been able to produce the types of downdrafts necessary to make the perfectly round edges seen in most crop circles.

Aircrafts

Aircraft

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Some researchers believe that the earth creates its own energy, which forms the circles. One possible form of earth energy iselectromagnetic radiation.scientists have measured strong magnetic fields inside crop circles.

Earth Energy

Earth EnergySome researchers believe that the earth creates its own energy, which forms the circles. One possible form of earth energy iselectromagnetic radiation. In fact, scientists have measured strong magnetic fields inside crop circles, and visitors have sometimes reported feeling a tingling sensation in their body while in or near the circles.In the early 1990s, American biophysicist Dr. William Levengood discovered that crops in circles were damaged much in the same way as plants heated in amicrowave oven. He proposed the idea that the crops were being rapidly heated from the inside by some kind of microwave energy.Other researchers say that the energy comes from under the ground or in the soil. Either the energy is natural, such as a fungus that attacks the crops and causes their stems to bend over, or it is a byproduct of something man-made, such as bombs that exploded during World War II.So I guess we can say that this is quite a widely excepted theory.

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In the early 1990s Dr. William Levengood discovered that crops in circles were damaged much in the same way as plants heated in amicrowave oven. He proposed the idea that the crops were being rapidly heated from the inside by some kind of microwave energy.

Earth Energy

Earth EnergySome researchers believe that the earth creates its own energy, which forms the circles. One possible form of earth energy iselectromagnetic radiation. In fact, scientists have measured strong magnetic fields inside crop circles, and visitors have sometimes reported feeling a tingling sensation in their body while in or near the circles.In the early 1990s, American biophysicist Dr. William Levengood discovered that crops in circles were damaged much in the same way as plants heated in amicrowave oven. He proposed the idea that the crops were being rapidly heated from the inside by some kind of microwave energy.Other researchers say that the energy comes from under the ground or in the soil. Either the energy is natural, such as a fungus that attacks the crops and causes their stems to bend over, or it is a byproduct of something man-made, such as bombs that exploded during World War II.So I guess we can say that this is quite a widely excepted theory.

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Other researchers say that the energy comes from under the ground or in the soil. Either the energy is natural, such as a fungus that attacks the crops and causes their stems to bend over, or it is a byproduct of something man-made, such as bombs that exploded during World War II.

Earth Energy

Earth EnergySome researchers believe that the earth creates its own energy, which forms the circles. One possible form of earth energy iselectromagnetic radiation. In fact, scientists have measured strong magnetic fields inside crop circles, and visitors have sometimes reported feeling a tingling sensation in their body while in or near the circles.In the early 1990s, American biophysicist Dr. William Levengood discovered that crops in circles were damaged much in the same way as plants heated in amicrowave oven. He proposed the idea that the crops were being rapidly heated from the inside by some kind of microwave energy.Other researchers say that the energy comes from under the ground or in the soil. Either the energy is natural, such as a fungus that attacks the crops and causes their stems to bend over, or it is a byproduct of something man-made, such as bombs that exploded during World War II.So I guess we can say that this is quite a widely excepted theory.

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The easiest explanation for crop circles is that they are man-made hoaxes, created either for fun or to stump the scientists.Among the most famous hoaxers are the British team ofDoug Bower and Dave Chorley, known as "Doug and Dave." In 1991, the duo came out and announced that they had made hundreds of crop circles since 1978.Humans

HumansThe easiest explanation for crop circles is that they areman-made hoaxes, created either for fun or to stump the scientists. Among the most famous hoaxers are the British team ofDoug Bower and Dave Chorley, known as "Doug and Dave." In 1991, the duo came out and announced that they had made hundreds of crop circles since 1978. To prove that they were responsible, they filmed themselves for theBBCmaking a circle with a rope-and-plank contraption in a Wiltshire field (see the next section for information on making a crop circle).Joe Nickell, Senior Research Fellow of theCommittee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal(CSICOP) says that crop circles have all the hallmarks ofhoaxes: They are concentrated primarily in southern England; they've become more elaborate over the years (indicating that hoaxers are getting better at their craft); and their creators never allow themselves to be seen. But even with crop circlemakers claiming responsibility for hundreds of designs, hoaxes can't account for all of the thousands of crop circles created. Colin Andrews, cereologist and author of the book,Circular Evidence, admits that about 80 percent of crop circles are probably man-made, but says that the other 20 percent are probably the work of some "higher force."75

Joe Nickell, Senior Research Fellow of theCSICOP says that crop circles have all the hallmarks ofhoaxes: They are concentrated primarily in southern England they've become more elaborate over the years (indicating that hoaxers are getting better at their craft) and their creators never allow themselves to be seen

Humans

HumansThe easiest explanation for crop circles is that they areman-made hoaxes, created either for fun or to stump the scientists. Among the most famous hoaxers are the British team ofDoug Bower and Dave Chorley, known as "Doug and Dave." In 1991, the duo came out and announced that they had made hundreds of crop circles since 1978. To prove that they were responsible, they filmed themselves for theBBCmaking a circle with a rope-and-plank contraption in a Wiltshire field (see the next section for information on making a crop circle).Joe Nickell, Senior Research Fellow of theCommittee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal(CSICOP) says that crop circles have all the hallmarks ofhoaxes: They are concentrated primarily in southern England; they've become more elaborate over the years (indicating that hoaxers are getting better at their craft); and their creators never allow themselves to be seen. But even with crop circlemakers claiming responsibility for hundreds of designs, hoaxes can't account for all of the thousands of crop circles created. Colin Andrews, cereologist and author of the book,Circular Evidence, admits that about 80 percent of crop circles are probably man-made, but says that the other 20 percent are probably the work of some "higher force."76

This video proves that crop circles are made by Aliens ;

ArcusAmethystiumnull, track 68303538.53Strangely BeautifulAmethystiumIsabliss, track 72008New Age301605.28eng - WUS 2008Strangely BeautifulAmethystiumIsabliss, track 72008New Age301605.28eng - WUS 2008