cp000 classpad help series

The eActivities, help sheets, functions and programs mentioned in this series can be downloaded from the Casio Solutions site at

www.charliewatson.com/classpad

Casio Classpad Help Series

Version 7 March 2011

A companion set of movies to accompany this series can be viewed from the Australian Casio Education site at

www.casio.edu.shriro.com.au

BasicPageSheet Title Description

Index -1 Setting Up 1 (Handheld video) Basic start up actions, the first of which is using the P-Button on

the back of Classpad to perform a soft reset and access basic

system settings.

12

2 Setting Up 2 Settings in Main we recommend you should make to ensure your

initial experience of Classpad and these help sheets is hassle free.

14

5 Exploring The Keyboard A guided tour of the most commonly used areas of the Classpad

keyboard.

16

6 Basic Editing in Main Some basic editing methods in main, including drag, cut, copy and

paste.

18

7 Simple Calculations in Main Use of the mth and 2D tabs in entering simple calculations when

in Main.

20

10 Numeric Calculations Some basic calculation techniques including evaluation of

expressions and subtitution.

22

11 Simplifying & Expanding Collect like terms and expand and simplify expressions such as

3(4 - 2x)^2.

24

12 Factorising Factorisation of numbers and expressions (eg quadratics). 26

13 Simplifying Algebraic Fractions Simplification and addition of algebraic fractions. 28

14 HCF and LCM Determine the Highest Common Factor or Lowest Common

Multiple of two numbers.

30

200 Three Actions Before Solving Important actions that should be taken in Main before trying any

of the activities in this section.

32

201 Solving Equations Step By Step Solve the equation 7x - 3 = 2x + 4 using a traditional step by step

approach in Main.

34

202 Solving Equations With Solve Solve the equation 7x - 3 = 2x + 4 using the solve command in

Main.

36

203 Solving Linear Inequalities Solving the inequality 3 - 4x > 9 using both a step by step

approach and also the solve command in Main.

38

204 Solving Quadratic Equations Solving the quadratic equation x^2 + 6x + 5 = 0 with the solve

command in Main.

40

205 Solving Simultaneous Linear Eqns 1 Solve simultaneously the equations 2x - 3y = -1 and x + y = 7 using

a traditional step by step elimination method in Main.

42


the 2D simultaneous template in Main.

44


the Solve command in Main.

46

208 Rearranging Equations How to express a as the subject of the equation t = 2a + 3b in

Main.

48

300 Graph and Table Settings Important settings that should be taken in Graph & Table before

trying any of the activities in this section.

50

301 Graph a Linear Function 1 (Graph) Graph y = 2x + 3 using the Graph & Table application, including

setting the View Window.

52

302 Graph a Linear Function 2 (Main) Graph 3x + 2y =12 using the Main application, including use of

Resize.

54

303 Graph a Quadratic Function Graph y = x^2 + 3x - 4 using the Graph & Table application,

including setting the View Window.

56

304 Graph an Exponential Function Graph y = 4^x using the Graph & Table application, including use

of Zoom facility.

58

305 Graph Simultaneous Equations 1 (Linear) Solve y = 3x - 4 and y = 6 - 2x graphically by first drawing the

functions and then finding the points of intersection.

60

306 Graph Simultaneous Equations 2 (Quadratic) Solve y = 2 - 5x and y = -3x^2 + 4x + 2 graphically by first drawing

the functions and then finding the points of intersection.

62

307 Simultaneous Equations In Main Solve simultaneously the equations 3y - 2x = 5 and x + 2y - 8 = 0

graphically using both Main and Graph windows.

64

2

400 Statistics: Basic Settings and Actions Basic settings, inserting and deleting rows in the Statistics

application.

66

401 Statistical Calcs: From a List Calculate one variable statistics from a single list of scores. 68

402 Statistical Calcs: Frequency Table Calculate one variable statistics from a frequency table. 70

403 Create a Boxplot from a List Create a boxplot from a single list of scores. 72

404 Create a Boxplot from a Frequency Table Create a boxplot from a frequency table. 74

405 Create Multiple Boxplots Create several boxplots in a single graph to compare their

distributions.

76

406 Create a Histogram from a List Create a histogram from a single list of scores. 78

407 Create a Histogram from a Frequency Table Create a histogram from a frequency table. 80

410 Statistical Calcs: Two Variables Calculate two variable statistics from paired data. 82

411 Scatterplot and Regression Create a scatterplot and then calculate and plot the least squares

linear regression line through the data.

84

412 xyLine Time Series Create an xyLine of time series data. 86

500 Spreadsheet Basics A quick introduction to the common data types - text, number

and formula - and some useful spreadsheet tools.

88

501 Arithmetic Sequence Create a simple sequence and then extend the spreadsheet using

Cut and Paste technique.

90

502 Fibonacci Sequence Create the Fibonacci sequence, adjust columns widths, use the Fill

Range command to extend the sequence and display very long

integers.

92

503 Geometric Sequence Create a geometric sequence including the sum of terms and

extend using Tap and Drag technique.

94

520 Pie Chart Create a pie chart, determine the percentages represented by

each sector and dynamically modify.

96

601 Storing Formulae In eActivities Store and solve all your commonly used formulae as strips in

eActivities.

98

700 Geometry - Basic Settings Setting up the geometry window, including scales, displaying axes,

integer grid and saving.

100

701 Geometry - Line Segment Draw a line segment, measure its properties of length, gradient,

equation.

102

702 Geometry - Line Segment A To B Draw a line segment between two points A and B and determine

its length.

104

703 Geometry - Line Segment Midpoint Draw a line segment between two points A and B and construct

its midpoint.

106

712 Geometry - Triangle Draw a simple triangle and learn how to measure angles, sides,

area and perimeter.

108

713 Geometry - Right Triangle Construct a right triangle and measure angles, sides, area and

perimeter.

110

714 Geometry - Solve Triangle 1 Construct and solve triangle ABC given two sides and the included

angle.

112

715 Geometry - Solve Triangle 2 Construct and solve triangle ABC given two sides and a non-

included angle.

114

716 Geometry - Solve Triangle 3 Construct and solve triangle ABC given all three sides. 116

800 Sequence Basics Basic settings in the Sequence application. 118

801 Sequence Explicity Defined Create the sequence of Triangle Numbers using an explicit

definition, and graph the first 12 terms.

120

802 Simple Recursive Sequences Create an arithmetic sequence, then a geometric sequence, also

finding the sums of the GP.

122

803 Fibonacci Type Sequences Create the Fibonacci Sequence, graph the first 10 terms and find

the ratio of conscutive terms.

124

901 Algy - An Introduction Algy is an Classpad AddIn which encourages experimentation and

perseverance with symbolic manipulation.

126

902 Algy - Squaring An Expression Algy is used to help expand (x - 3)^2 with a few mistakes along the

way!

128

3

911 Using NumSolve An introduction to using NumSolve from the Main menu in the

context of the simple interest formula I=PRT/100.

130

912 NumSolve Tips Learn some tips on working efficiently in NumSolve. 132

913 Built-In Probability Simulation Tool Use the built-in probability simulation tool in Main (or eActivity)

to simulate throwing one or two dice or selecting items at

random from a container.

134

921 Financial Simple Interest Calculate simple interest and future values in the Financial

application.

136

922 Financial Compound Interest Solve compound interest problems in Financial, including finding

future values, interest rates and time required.

138

923 Financial Loan Repayment Solve loan repayment problems in Financial, including payments,

time periods and loan amounts.

140

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IntermediatePageSheet Title Description

Index -40 Rounding Rounding to a given number of decimal places or significant

figures.

144

41 Sequence: What Is My Rule Use the sequence function in Main to find the defining rule for

various sequences.

146

42 Eliminate Function Eliminate one variable from an equation using another equation.

Example: If x=8-2t and y=6t-1 find an expression for y in terms of x.

148

43 Creating User Defined Functions Create your own user functions.Examples (i) f(x)=1/x or (ii)

Ckh2ms to convert speeds from km/h to m/s.

150

44 Edit And Delete User Defined Functions Managing your own user defined functions such as those created

in the previous topic.

152

45 Composite Functions Define f(x) and g(x), then find f(g(1)), graph g(f(x)) and find all h(x)

where g(f(x))=g(h(x)).

154

46 Piecewise Defined Functions Define, use and graph piecewise functions in Main. OS3.04 and

later.

156

47 Angle Tips Learn how to over-ride the selected angle setting when working

with trig functions in Main.

158

50 Random Numbers Generate random numbers and simulate throwing dice using the

rand() and randList() functions in Main.

160

51 Assign And Delete Values To Variables Temporarily and permanently assign and delete values to

variables in main. Useful for substitution.

162

55 Matrix Operations Basic matrix creation, editing and calculations in Main, including

determinants and inverses.

164

140 Differentiation Basics Differentiation basics in Main using either Interactive, diff or the

2D template. Also higher orders and any variable.

166

141 Equation Of Tangent To Curve Find the equation of the tangent to a curve in Main using the

tanLine function.

168

142 Integration Basics Find indefinite and definite integrals in Main using either

Interactive, S or the 2D template.

170

240 Restrict Range Of Solutions With Trig Equation Two methods to restrict the range of solutions returned when

solving trig equations in Main.

172

250 Solve System Of Equations With 3 Unknowns Use one of the 2D templates to solve systems of equations with 2

or more variables.

174

340 Jump To An Exact Coordinate Jump to any exact coordinate whilst tracing along one of several

functions in graph.

176

341 Show Gradient When Tracing Show the gradient of a function on screen when tracing along its

graph.

178

342 Modify Tool Use the Modify tool when graphing to vary the parameters of a

graph. In this example we vary a and b when y = ( x + a )^2 + b.

180

343 Equation Of Tangent To Curve Find the equation of the tangent to a curve in Graph and Table

using the Analysis, Sketch, Tangent function.

182

344 Definite Integration Evaluate and illustrate definite integrals in Graph and Table using

Analysis, G-Solve tools.

184

345 Linear Programming Solve a linear programming problem with 4 constraints in Graph

and Table.

186

346 Piecewise Defined Functions Enter and graph piecewise defined functions in Graph and Table. 188

347 Graph Of Derivative Draw the graph of a function in y1 and automatically draw the

graph of its first (and second if required) derivatives.

190

440 Histogram Class Intervals Vary the class intervals when summarising data with a histogram.

Also shows use of the randList() command to create a list of

random numbers.

192

441 Prediction From Regression Line Substitute a value into a recently calculated regression line to

determine a predicted value.

194

6

442 Residuals And Residual Plots After finding a linear regression model for a bivariate data set,

residuals are calculated and plotted to check suitability of linear

model.

196

541 Simple Interest Create a flexible Simple Interest spreadsheet using Absolute and

Relative cell references and extend by copying and pasting

multiple columns.

198

542 Compound Interest Create a flexible Compound Interest spreadsheet using Absolute

and Relative cell references and format cells to 2dp.

200

543 Reducible Interest Use a spreadsheet to examine the balance of a reducible interest

loan.

202

544 Annuities Use a spreadsheet to examine the balance of an annuity. 204

545 Smoothing Time Series Smooth time series data in a spreadsheet using moving averages,

fit a regression line and predict future values.

206

550 Dice Simulation Simulate throwing 120 six-sided dice in a spreadsheet and display

the resulting distribution as a histogram.

208

630 File Management Lock, Unlock, Delete, Move Folder and Rename eActivities. Also

create a new folder.

210

631 Add Strip Help Strip Help is a great way to add hints on what to do within any

strip in an eActivity.

212

632 Cascade Style eActivity Many multiple-step math problems can be programmed into an

eActivity. This example uses Herons method to find the area of a

triangle given three side lengths.

214

633 eActivity Tips Some tips on working within eActivities including working with

text or calculation rows, deleting strips and adding strip help.

216

641 Ambiguous Case Of Sine Rule Examples of ways to deal with the ambiguous case of the sine rule

when solving obtuse triangles.

218

741 Angle in a Semi-Circle Construct a diameter in a circle and then examine the angle in the

semi-circle.

220

742 Angles in the Alternate Segment Construct a tangent to a circle and then examine angles in the

alternate segment.

222

743 Angles in the Same Segment Construct 2 angles on the circumference from a common chord

and examine.

224

744 Cyclic Quadrilaterals Construct a cyclic quadrilateral and examine sum of opposite pairs

of angles.

226

745 Lengths of Tangents Construct 2 tangents to a circle from an external point and

examine their lengths.

228

746 Tangents and Radii Examine the angle between a tangent to a circle and a radius. 230

747 The Central Angle Construct angles on the circumference and at the centre from a

common chord and examine.

232

755 Coordinate Geometry: Enclosed Area Find the area of the triangle enclosed by the line 3x + 2y - 7 = 0

and the axes.

234

756 Coordinate Geometry: Perpendicular Line Find the equation of the line through (2, -1) perpendicular to the

line 5x - 2y +6 = 0.

236

757 Modifying Labels of Objects How to change the labels of any Geometry object using the

annotation tool - eg change triangle ABC to triangle PQR.

238

760 Transformation Of Objects Create and reflect a triangle in the line y=-x in Geometry. Also,

tips on using other transformations.

240

840 Compound Interest Examine the growth of money over 10 years using compound

interest and also use the difference tool to find individual

amounts of interest for any year.

242

841 Reducible Interest Use sequence to examine the balance of a reducible interest loan,

determine total interest paid and find individual monthly interest

figures.

244

940 Verify Tool In Main Use the Verify tool in Main to check steps when manually

simplifying expressions.

246

7

AdvancedPageSheet Title Description

Index -70 Define CIS Create your own cis function for making complex number entry

simpler.

250

71 Define Function With Many Variables Create and use a function with many variables. Also edit a user

defined function in the program editor.

252

73 Complex Number Basics Basic complex number entry and calculations, including finding

magnitude, argument and conversion between forms.

254

74 Polar To Rectangular Coordinate Conversions Use the toPol and toRect functions to convert between polar and

rectangular coordinates with vectors or complex numbers.

256

80 Normal Probability Calculations Calculate normal probabilities in Main using the Interactive menu

and normCDF function.

258

81 Inverse Normal Probability Calculations Calculate inverse normal probabilities in Main using the

Interactive menu and invNormCDF function.

260

82 Random Sample From Normal Distribution Draw a random sample from X~N(60,144) in main and calculate

mean and sd. Also analyse in Statistics.

262

83 Binomial Distribution Calculations Calculate binomial probabilities in Main using the Interactive

menu and BinomialPDF function.

264

85 Random Sample From Binomial Distribution Draw a random sample from X~Bin(24,1/6) in main and calculate

mean and sd. Also analyse in Statistics.

266

170 Volume Of Revolution Find a volume of revolution in Main and graphically. 268

171 Implicit Differentiation Find the gradient at a point of an implicitly defined function in

Main.

270

172 Inverse Of A Function Find the inverse of a function algebraically using invert and also

view the inverse graphically.

272

180 Vector Basics Convert vectors between Cartesian and polar forms, find unit

vectors, angle between vectors and dot products.

274

181 Vector Tips Use a simple form of entering 2 or 3-D vectors in Main. 276

270 Use Of dSolve In Growth And Decay Problems Use the differential equation solver with a simple growth and

decay question.

278

271 Use dSolve With Simple Harmonic Equations Use the differential equation solver with a simple harmonic

motion question.

280

370 Polar Graphing Graph a polar function using r=Type, adjust basic view window

settings and become aware of some limitations.

282

371 Parametric Graphing Graph parametric functions using ParamType, adjust basic view

window settings and become aware of some limitations.

284

372 Table Of Binomial Probabilities An easy way to create a binomial probability distribution in Graph

and Table using the binomialPDf function. Also export table to a

list.

286

470 Normal Probability Calculations Calculate normal probabilities in Statistics using the Calc menu

and Normal CD tool.

288

471 Inverse Normal Probability Calculations Calculate inverse normal probabilities in Statistics using the Calc

menu and Inverse Normal CD tool.

290

472 Confidence Interval From List Data Calculate a confidence interval when sample data has been

entered in the statistics application.

292

473 Confidence Interval From Summary Data Calculate a confidence interval from supplied summary data in

the statistics application.

294

474 Binomial Distribution Calculations Calculate binomial probabilities in Statistics using the Calc menu

and Binomial PD tool.

296

475 Graph Binomial Distribution Display the graph for X~B(10,0.65) in Statistics using the Calc

menu and Binomial PD tool.

298

670 Trapped Areas Create and save an eActivity to quickly find trapped areas

between any two curves.

300

671 Differentiation From First Principles Create and save an eActivity to easily see the steps in obtaining

the derivative of any function from first principles.

302

8

672 Average Rate Of Change Of Function Create and save an eActivity to calculate the average rate of

change of any function over a given interval.

304

675 Normal Probabilities Using Solve Create and save an eActivity to calculate ANY of the parameters

(eg mean, sd, etc) involved in a normal probability question.

306

676 Vectors Closest Approach 1 Create and save a re-usable eActivity to solve a vector closest

approach problem using the dot product.

308

677 Vectors Closest Approach 2 Create and save a re-usable eActivity to solve a vector closest

approach problem using a calculus method.

310

680 Geometry Link A Geometry Link in an eActivity is used to investigate translations

applied to a parabola. Other possibilities are also hinted at.

312

770 Apply Matrix Transformation Create a triangle in Geometry, apply a matrix transformation to

the vertices in Main and view the image back in Geometry.

314

771 Find Transformation Matrix Use an object and its transformed image in Geometry to

determine the equivalent transformation matrix in Main.

316

780 Animation Basics Fast track your animation skills by animating a tangent line

around a circle.

318

781 Angle in a Semi-Circle 2 Examine the angle in the semi-circle using the Animation tool. 320

784 Cyclic Quadrilaterals 2 Examine sum of opposite pairs of angles using the Expression tool. 322

880 Explicit From Recursive Determine the explicit formula for a sequence from a recursive

definition using Sequence RUN and the rSolve() function.

324

980 Enable And Set Shift Keys Take advantage of enabling the built-in shift key (-) facility to save

time when entering common expressions on your Classpad.

326

981 Ending Screens How to set a picture as the ending screen - the picture that briefly

flashes onto the screen when you turn your ClassPad off.

328

982 Create An Ending Screen Two ways to create ending screens are explained - one with your

handheld and one using the Classpad Manager.

330

983 Use Library For Global Access The library folder sits in the Other Data memory of Classpad but

functions or programs stored in them are also available in

eActivities.

332

984 Example Small Programs Five examples of small utility programs freely available from the

internet are shown.

334

985 Create A Small Program How to create a small program on your hand held Classpad. 336

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A companion set of movies to accompany this series can be viewed from the Australian Casio Education site at

www.casioed.net.au

Basic

11

Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Mahendra Vaswani Date 1 Jan 2008 001 Setting Up 1 CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

On the back of the ClassPad, use a pen or stylus to press the P button.

Touch the centre of each cross as directed.

Adjust the screen contrast, tap Set.

Set the language you desire, tap Set.

12

Select QWERTY as the keyboard format, tap Set.

Select the preferred font, tap Set.

Set the Power Save Mode to 1 hour. Set Auto Power Off to 6 min Tap Set.

Tap Tap Edit Tap Clear All Variables Tap OK

Note that this use of the P button does not delete or alter any existing data, programs, add-ins or other work stored in your ClassPad.

13

Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson

Date 31 January 2010 002 Setting Up 2 Main CPM OS 03.04.4000

From the menu at the bottom of the screen, tap

Tap , Basic Format, Default

Under Number Format, tap Normal 2

Under Angle, tap Degree

Tap Set.

From the menu beneath the screen, tap

Scroll down using the scroll bar on the right hand side of the screen.

Tap

Tap System at the top of the screen.

Tap ClassPad Name

Enter your name.

Tap Set

14

Tap on the top right hand side of the screen.

Tap Ver.

This should display the current (Jan 2010) Operating System as 3.04

Tap OK.

To update your Classpad OS download and run the free update software from http://edu.casio.com. The software prompts you with all necessary steps.

From the menu beneath the screen, tap

You should now be ready to start using ClassPad.

15

Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 19 Dec 2007 005 Exploring The Keyboard CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Start in Main. Tap Settings, Keyboard. You can also press the blue Keyboard button on the handheld unit. The keyboard fills the bottom half of the screen. Next to the mth, abc, cat and 2D tabs are icons for cut, copy and paste.

At the far right of the second row (after x, y, z and t) is backspace Tap on TRIG. sin, cos and tan can be found here. Tap on to return.

Tap on OPTN. Inequalities can be found here. Tap on to return. Tap on VAR. Single letter variables other than x and y can be found here.

16

Tap on Single letter upper-case variables are different to lower-case variables.

Tap on the abc tab. Its best to avoid this part of the keyboard unless you simply want to type text - when saving a file, naming your Classpad or creating an eActivity. Tap on the cat tab. You can access all types of function here mostly for advanced users.

Tap on the 2D tab. This is the students friend! You can use these templates to make mathematical expressions and equations look just like they are in the textbook.

17

Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 19 Dec 2007 006 Basic Editing in Main CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Start in Main. Tap Edit, Clear All and confirm with OK. Tap Edit, Clear All Variables and confirm with OK. Tap Settings, Keyboard. You can also press the blue Keyboard button on the handheld unit.

Correct errors by overtyping Type in 27 36 and tap EXE. Select the in the line just typed by dragging across it. Tap and then tap EXE.

Drag and drop expressions Select the line 27 / 36 by dragging across it from right to left. Now drag your selection into the cursor box on the next line and let go. Tap (backspace). Tap EXE.

18

Copy and Paste Tap on the earlier answer of to select it. Tap on to copy this fraction. Tap into the empty cursor box and tap to paste. Type 20 after the fraction and tap EXE. Note: Copy and Paste can also be found in the Edit menu.

19

Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 19 Dec 2007 007 Simple Calculations in Main CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Comparing the mth and 2D tabs. Which do you prefer? Evaluate 42. mth use 2D use and 2.

Evaluate 34. mth use 2D use

Evaluate 49 . mth use and closing bracket 2D use

20

Evaluate (-6)2. Care must always be taken when raising negative numbers to a power always wrap the number in brackets first. mth use 2D use and 2.

Evaluate 3 216 . mth use power of one-third for cube root. 2D use

Evaluate 61

43 + .

mth use between numerator and denominator. 2D use Beware mixed numbers the addition symbol MUST be placed between the whole number and the fractional parts when using the 2D fraction template. The screen shows the error if this is omitted.

21

Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Mahendra Vaswani Date 1 Jan 2008 010 Numeric Calculations CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Tap Press Keyboard To evaluate 22(4 0.5)+ Use the keypad or tap and use the template to enter the expression. Either press or tap EXE. To obtain a decimal answer, from the menu beneath the screen, tap Standard and then press or tap EXE. NOTE: Decimal should now be displayed beneath the screen.

To evaluate ( )3 181 3 2 42

+ Tap and use the template to enter the expression. Either press or tap EXE. To obtain an exact answer, from the menu beneath the screen, tap Decimal and then press or tap EXE. NOTE: Standard should now be displayed beneath the screen.

22

To Evaluate 53 243 4 Tap and use the template to enter the expression. Either press or tap EXE. To obtain a decimal answer, from the menu beneath the screen, tap Standard and then press or tap EXE. To evaluate 3 2(5 3)x x for 2x = Either use the keypad or tap mth to enter the expression 3 2(5 3)x x Tap OPTN, tap followed by x = 2 Press or tap EXE.

To evaluate 4xy for x = 2 and y = 5 Either use the keypad or tap mth to enter the expression 4xy Tap OPTN, tap

Tap , tap type x = 2, y = 5, tap Tap EXE.

23

Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Mahendra Vaswani Date 1 Jan 2008 011 Simplifying & Expanding CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Tap To simplify x x+ Enter x x+ Press or tap EXE.

To simplify x x y+ + Enter x x y+ + Press or tap EXE.

To simplify x x Enter x x Press or tap EXE. To simplify 2 3 4 7a b a b+ + Press Keyboard. Tap VAR Use the VAR keys to enter 2 3 4 7a b a b+ + . Press or tap EXE.

24

To expand 3( 4)x + Either Tap Action, Transformation, expand Enter 3( 4)x + and press or tap EXE. or Enter 3( 4)x + Select the entire expression Tap Interactive, Transformation, expand Tap OK To expand 2( 3)x Either Tap Action, Transformation, expand Enter 2( 3)x and press or tap EXE. or Enter 2( 3)x Select the entire expression Tap Interactive, Transformation, expand Tap OK.

To expand 2( 3)x a + Either Tap Action, Transformation, expand Enter 2( 3)x a + and press or tap EXE. or Enter 2( 3)x a + Select the entire expression Tap Interactive, Transformation, expand Tap OK. (Remember to tap VAR to enter the variables a and x)

To expand and simplify 2 22( 3) 5( 2)x x + Either Tap Action, Transformation, expand Enter 2 22( 3) 5( 2)x x + and press or tap EXE. or Enter 2 22( 3) 5( 2)x x + Select the entire expression Tap Interactive, Transformation, expand Tap OK

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Mahendra Vaswani Date 1 Jan 2008 012 Factorising CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Tap To determine the Prime Factorisation of the number 60 Either Tap Action, Transformation, factor Enter 60 and either press or tap EXE or Enter 60 Highlight 60 Tap Interactive, Transformation, factor

To factorise 2 8 16x x+ + Either Tap Action, Transformation, factor Enter 2 8 16x x+ + and either press or tap EXE or Enter 2 8 16x x+ + Highlight 2 8 16x x+ + Tap Interactive, Transformation, factor

To factorise 212 7 10x x+ Either Tap Action, Transformation, factor Enter 212 7 10x x+ and either press or tap EXE or Enter 212 7 10x x+ Highlight 212 7 10x x+ Tap Interactive, Transformation, factor

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Mahendra Vaswani Date 1 Jan 2008 013 Simplifying Alg. Fractions CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Tap

To simplify 3 4 2

2 5

3015a b ca bc

Either Press Keyboard Tap Action, Transformation, simplify Tap Tap Enter 24330 cba in the numerator Enter 5215 bca in the denominator Press or tap EXE NOTE: Use VAR and to swap between the variable and the 2D display.

Or Press Keyboard Tap Tap Enter 24330 cba in the numerator Enter 5215 bca in the denominator Select the entire expression Tap Interactive, Transformation, simplify NOTE: Use VAR and to swap between the variable and the 2D display.

28

To simplify 1 24 3

x x+ ++ Either Tap Action, Transformation, combine Tap , tap

Enter 1 24 3

x x+ ++ Press or tap EXE Or Tap , tap

Enter 1 24 3

x x+ ++ Select the entire expression Tap Interactive, Transformation, combine

To simplify 1 2x y+

Either Tap Action, Transformation, combine Tap , tap

Enter 1 2x y+

Press or tap EXE Or Tap , tap

Enter 1 2x y+

Select the entire expression Tap Interactive, Transformation, combine

29

Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 1 Jan 2008 014 HCF and LCM CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Tap To determine the Highest Common Factor of 12 and 18 Tap Action, Calculation, gcd Enter 12, 18 Press or tap EXE. NOTE: gcd is an abbreviation for Greatest Common Denominator To determine the Lowest Common Multiple of 12 and 18 Tap Action, Calculation, lcm Enter 12, 18 Press or tap EXE.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 15 Dec 2007 200 Three Actions Before Solving CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Before starting any type of algebraic work in the Main application, there are three useful actions to begin with. Starting in the Main application, the first action is to tap Settings, Basic Format, Default, Set.

The second is to tap Edit, Clear All Variables. This ensures that any numerical values assigned to variables such as x, y, etc are cleared.

The third action is to tap Edit, Clear All so that you have a clear workspace to ready to begin. This last step is optional, but will help you to exactly reproduce the screens seen in the movies in this series.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Monty Campbell Date 1 Jan 2008 201 Solving Equations Step By Step CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Solving an Equation There are two methods in which equations may be solved :

i. Interactively step by step in the main screen (as you would do with pencil and paper normally)

ii. Using the Solve command from the embedded screen menus. This task uses the first option.

Tap the Main screen icon

Solve the equation 7x 3 = 2x + 4 (Interactive step by step method) Enter in the equation then press EXE.

Then we could ask What do we want to do to both sides Add 3 to both sides! Enter + 3

Then press or tap EXE. We then obtain (after adding 3 to both sides)

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Then subtract 2x from both sides. Enter - 2x (subtract key NOT the (-) key !)

Then press or tap EXE. We then obtain .

Then divide both sides by 5. Enter 5

Then press or tap EXE. We obtain our exact answer (being in Standard mode not Decimal).

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Monty Campbell Date 1 Jan 2008 202 Solving Equations With Solve CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Solving an Equation There are two methods in which equations may be solved :

i. Interactively step by step in the main screen (as you would do with pencil and paper normally)

ii. Using the Solve command from the embedded screen menus. This task uses the second option.

Tap the Main screen icon

Solve the equation 7x 3 = 2x + 4 (Using the Solve command) Either Press Keyboard Tap Action, Equation/Inequality, solve Enter 7x 3 = 2x + 4 Press or tap EXE NOTE: x is the default variable

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or Press Keyboard Enter 7x 3 = 2x + 4 Select the entire equation. Tap Interactive, Equation/Inequality, solve Tap OK Solve the equation 5a + 6 = 2(3a - 1) (Using the Solve command) Either Press Keyboard Tap Action, Equation/Inequality, solve Enter 5a + 6 = 2(3a - 1), a Press or tap EXE NOTE: Tap VAR to obtain the variable a. It is necessary to specify that a is the variable. or Press Keyboard Enter 5a + 6 = 2(3a - 1) Select the entire equation. Tap Interactive, Equation/Inequality, solve Enter a for the variable Tap OK

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Monty Campbell Date 1 Jan 2008 203 Solving Linear Inequalities CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Solving a Linear Inequality Solve the linear inequality 3 4x > 9 (Interactive step by step method)

Tap the Main screen icon Press Keyboard. Enter 3 4x > 9 Press or tap EXE.

NOTE: the greater than symbol > can be found in OPTN

Now we can subtract 3 from both sides. Enter - 3 Then press or tap EXE

We could then consider dividing both sides by -4. Enter (-) 4

This yields the correct solution x < 23 !!

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Solve the linear inequality 3 4x > 9 (Using the Solve command)

Tap the Main screen icon Press Keyboard. Either Tap Action, Equation/Inequality, solve Enter 3 4x > 9 Press or tap EXE NOTE: x is the default variable

or Enter 3 4x > 9 Select the entire inequality Tap Interactive, Equation/Inequality, solve Tap OK

As a variation, if we enter x + 2 > x we obtain ANY real solution. If we enter x + 2 > x + 3 we obtain NO real solution.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Monty Campbell Date 1 Jan 2008 204 Solving Quadratic Equations CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Solving a Quadratic Equation using the Solve command Solve x2 + 6x + 5 = 0

Tap the Main screen icon Press Keyboard.

Tap Either Tap Action, Equation/Inequality, solve Enter x2 + 6x + 5 = 0 Press or tap EXE NOTE: x is the default variable

Use to type the index 2, then either tap in the next position or press the right cursor key once, before continuing typing.

or Enter x2 + 6x + 5 = 0 Select the entire equation Tap Interactive, Equation/Inequality, solve Tap OK Two solutions are given: x = -5, x = -1

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We can then edit the solve command to change the equation : Select the entire line with the solve command text .. Then drag the selected text to a new line . (dont press EXE)

Highlight the 5, type 9. Press or tap EXE This then yields only ONE solution x = -3.

In a similar manner, edit the solve command to solve x2 + 6x + 7 = 0 This then yields TWO exact solutions x = -3 2.

In a similar manner, edit the solve command to solve x2 + 6x + 12 = 0 This then yields no real solutions.

Alternatively, merely highlight the item(s) to be edited, type the replacement(s), then press or tap EXE. For example, solve x2 - 8x + 16 = 0 by highlighting +6, typing -8, and then highlighting 7, typing 16. Press or tap EXE This then yields only ONE solution x = 4.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Monty Campbell Date 1 Jan 2008 205 Solving Simultaneous Linear Eqns 1 CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Solving Simultaneous Linear Equations Interactive step by step method Solve simultaneously : 2x 3y = -1 c x + y = 7 d These can be solved algebraically in two main ways: i. Interactively step by step in the main screen ii. Using the Solve command from the embedded screen menus. This task uses the first option.

Tap the Main screen icon Press Keyboard

Tap To solve interactively We can consider multiplying equation d by 3 and ADDING this to equation c Tap Action, Transformation, simplify Enter and then highlight equation d

Tap Position the cursor after the right bracket Type x 3 + Enter and highlight equation c

Tap Press or tap EXE

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To solve 5x = 20: Type 5 Press or tap EXE To substitute x = 4 in equation d and solve for y: Highlight the equation x + y = 7 and drag to the new line Highlight x + y = 7

Tap , tap OPTN, tap Highlight x = 4 and drag to the cursor Highlight the entire line, x + y = 7| x = 4

Tap , tap Press or tap EXE Type 4 Press or tap EXE The screen shows the solution, x = 4, y = 3

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Solving Simultaneous Linear Equations using the 2D template Solve simultaneously: 2x 3y = -1 x + y = 7 These can be solved algebraically in three main ways: i. Interactively step by step in the main screen ii Using the 2D template iii Using the Solve command from the embedded screen menus. This task uses the second option.


Tap

Tap

Enter the equations into the 2 spaces just to the LEFT of the vertical bar.

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Then after the vertical bar : Type x, y (This tells the ClassPad you wish to solve for x and y)

Press or tap EXE This gives the solution x = 4, y = 3. (The curly brackets suggests that this is a set of values)

If we wished to solve 3 equations in 3 variables, we would tap twice. This will then allow 3 equations to be entered. For example, solve simultaneously: 3x 5y + 8z = -32.5 x + 2y 4z = 16.5 -7x + 3y + z = -0.5

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Solving Simultaneous Linear Equations using the Solve command Solve simultaneously: 2x 3y = -1 x + y = 7 These can be solved algebraically in three main ways: i. Interactively step by step in the main screen ii Using the 2D template iii Using the Solve command from the embedded screen menus. This task uses the third option.


Tap Tap Action, Equation/Inequality, solve

Enter the equations separated by a comma.

Highlight the equations and tap

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Tap the arrow at the right hand end of the line. Position the cursor at the end of the line and type ,x,y

Highlight x,y and tap

Press or tap EXE This gives the solution x = 4, y = 3. (The curly brackets suggests that this is a set of values)

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Monty Campbell Date 1 Jan 2008 208 Re-arranging Equations CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Re-arranging Equations Suppose we wish to express a as the subject in t = 2a + 3b.


Tap , tap VAR

. Either: Tap Action, Equation/Inequality, solve Enter t = 2a + 3b Type , a Press or tap EXE

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or: Enter and highlight t = 2a + 3b Tap Interactive, Equation/Inequality, solve The default variable to solve for is x, change this to a by

highlighting x and typing a

Tap OK

Some other examples are : Obtain r as the subject in S = 4r2

NOTE: Tap for capital S

tap for ,

tap for r2 Obtain r as the subject in S = 2r2 + 2rh

Tap on a few times to view the rest of the result.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 13 Dec 2007 300 Graph and Table Menu Settings CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Tap and then tap

To clear the Graph Editor Window (the upper window), tap in the upper window. Tap Edit, Clear All

To clear the Graph Window (the lower window), tap in the lower window. Tap Edit, Clear All NOTE: the top menu is dependent on the active window

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Tap in the Graph Editor Window (the upper window). Tap Tap Graph Format

Tap Default Tap in the square adjacent to G-Controller.

Tap SET

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 13 Dec 2007 301 Graph a Linear Function_1 CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Graph y = 2x + 3 using the Graph & Table application Tap and then tap Tap Edit, Clear All to clear the window.

Tap in the box following y1. Type in 2x + 3 Press EXE

Tap

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Tap , View Window Set the View Window parameters for x and y

For example, -5 x 3, -4 y 6

To trace along the line Tap Analysis, Trace to see the coordinates of the cursor displayed at the base of the graph.

Tap the graph controllers or to move the cursor along the line.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 13 Dec 2007 302 Graph a Linear Function_2 CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Graph 3x + 2y =12 using the Main Application Tap Tap Edit, Clear All to clear the window.

Type in 3x + 2y =12 Tap to view the Graph Window.

Highlight the equation, drag and drop onto the Graph Window.

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Enlarge the View Window Tap to Resize to full screen.

To locate the horizontal intercept Tap Analysis, G-Solve, Root

To locate the vertical intercept Tap Analysis, G-Solve, y-Intercept Note the original relationship 3x + 2y =12 has been transformed and displayed at the base of the graph as y = 6 + (-3/2)x To return to split screen mode, tap Resize again.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 13 Dec 2007 303 Graph a Quadratic Function CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Graph y = x2 + 3x - 4 using the Graph & Table application Tap and then tap Tap Edit, Clear All to clear the window.

Tap in the box following y1. Type in x2 + 3x - 4 Press EXE

Tap

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Set the View Window parameters Tap , View Window

Locate key features of the parabola Horizontal intercepts: Tap Analysis, G-Solve, Root Use the left and right curser keys to move to each intercept. Vertical intercept: Tap Analysis, G-Solve, y-Intercept

Vertex: Tap Analysis, G-Solve, Min

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 13 Dec 2007 304 Graph an Exponential Function CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Graph y = 4x using the Graph & Table application Tap and then tap Tap Edit, Clear All to clear the window.

Tap in the box following y1. Type in 4x Press EXE

Tap

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Set the View Window parameters Tap Zoom, Quick e^x

To change the line style Tap to the right of the equation. Tap the desired line style. Tap OK Tap to redraw the graph.

To locate the vertical intercept Tap Analysis, G-Solve, y-Intercept

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 13 Dec 2007 305 Simultaneous Equations 1 CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Solve y = 3x 4 and y = 6 2x graphically Tap and then tap Tap Edit, Clear All to clear the window.

Tap in the box following y1. Type in 3x 4 Press EXE Tap in the box following y2. Type in 6 2x Press EXE

Tap

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Set the View Window parameters Tap Zoom, Quick Standard

Determine point of intersection Tap Analysis, G-Solve, Intersect

The point of intersection of the two lines occurs at x = 2 and y = 2.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 13 Dec 2007 306 Simultaneous Equations 2 CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Solve y = 2 5x and y = -3x2 + 4x + 2 graphically Tap and then tap Tap Edit, Clear All to clear the window.

Tap in the box following y1. Type in 2 5x Press EXE Tap in the box following y2. Type in -3x2 + 4x + 2 Press EXE

Tap

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Set the View Window parameters Tap to open and modify the View Window

Determine points of intersection Tap Analysis, G-Solve, Intersect

The points of intersection of the line and the parabola occur at x = 0 and y = 2 x = 3 and y = -13 Use the left and right curser keys to move to each point of intersection.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 15 Dec 2007 307 Simultaneous Equations In Main CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Solve 3y - 2x = 5 and x + 2y 8 = 0 graphically Start in Main. Type in 3y - 2x = 5 and tap EXE. Type in x + 2y 8 = 0 and tap EXE.

Tap Tap Zoom, Quick Initialise. Tap to select - 2x + 3y = 5 in the Main window. Drag this selection into the Graph window.

Tap to select x + 2y 8 = 0 in the Main window. Drag this selection into the Graph window. Tap Analysis, G-Solve, Intersect. The solution is x = 2, y = 3.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 23 September 2008 400 Statistics - Basic Settings CPM OS 03.03.3000

Open the Statistics application. Tap Edit, Clear All, OK. Tap on the icon.

Now tap and so on to display your choice of 2, 3 or 4 lists on the screen.

Two of the settings at the bottom of the screen reflect your settings in Main the angle mode and choice of Standard or Decimal. Between them, make sure that Auto is displayed. Auto means that all graphs will be scaled automatically. To turn Auto on or off tap SetGraph, Stat Window Auto and then tap On or Off.

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Type a few numbers into list1. If you make a typing mistake, tap onto the wrong number and simply re-type the correct value.

To insert an extra number, for example between the 3 and the 5 shown here, tap onto the lower of the two numbers. Tap Edit, Insert Cell. Undefined appears in the cell. Now type in the extra value and tap EXE.

To delete an existing number tap onto the number. Then either tap Edit, Delete, Cell. or press the Clear button.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 23 September 2008 401 Statistical Calculations from a List CPM OS 03.03.3000

To find the summary statistics such as the mean, standard deviation and so on for the ages below, open the Statistics application. Tap Edit, Clear All. Enter the ages into list1 by typing each number and tapping EXE. If you make a typing mistake, tap onto the wrong number and simply re-type the correct value.

Here are the names of the last ten prime ministers of Australia together with the ages at which they became prime minister. Harold Holt 57 John McEwen 67 John Gorton 56 William McMahon 63 Gough Whitlam 56 Malcolm Fraser 45 Bob Hawke 53 Paul Keating 47 John Howard 56 Kevin Rudd 50

Tap Calc, One-Variable. Use the drop down menus to set the XList to list1 and the Freq to 1. Tap OK.

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The One-Variable statistics are displayed. The mean age is 55 years. The standard deviation is 6.387 years.

Use the scrollbar to move down the list. The median age is 56 years. The inter-quartile range is 57 50 = 7 years.

Tap OK to finish.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 23 September 2008 402 Statistical Calculations Frequency Table CPM OS 03.03.3000

To find the summary statistics such as the mean, standard deviation and so on for the frequency distribution below, open the Statistics application. Tap Edit, Clear All.

Score 4 5 6 7 8 9 Frequency 12 20 34 29 18 5 Enter the scores into list1 by typing each number and tapping EXE. Enter the frequencies into list2 the same way.

Tap Calc, One-Variable. Use the drop down menus to set the XList to list1 and the Freq to list2. Tap OK.

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The One-Variable statistics are displayed. The mean score is 6.305. The standard deviation is 1.312. The total number of scores is 118.

Use the scrollbar to move down the list. The median score is 6. The mode is also 6. There is one modal class (ModeN = 1). The modal class has a frequency of 34 (ModeF = 34).

Tap OK to finish.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 23 September 2008 403 Create a Boxplot from a List CPM OS 03.03.3000

Open the Statistics application. Tap Edit, Clear All. Enter the ages below into list1 by typing each number and tapping EXE.

Here are the names of the last ten prime ministers of Australia together with the ages at which they became prime minister. Harold Holt 57 John McEwen 67 John Gorton 56 William McMahon 63 Gough Whitlam 56 Malcolm Fraser 45 Bob Hawke 53 Paul Keating 47 John Howard 56 Kevin Rudd 50 Tap SetGraph. Ensure that just StatGraph1 has a tick in its box.

Tap Setting to open the Set StatGraphs window. The radio button opposite Draw should be On. Use the drop down menus to set Type: MedBox XList: list1 Freq: 1

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Tap Set to confirm your settings.

Tap the DrawGraph icon .

Tap Resize . Tap and observe the minX is displayed at the bottom of the screen. Now use the cursor key to move left and right through the 5 key points of the boxplot.

Tap close in the top right hand corner of the screen.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 23 September 2008 404 Create a Boxplot from a Frequency Table CPM OS 03.03.3000

Open the Statistics application. Tap Edit, Clear All.

Score 4 5 6 7 8 9 Frequency 12 20 34 29 18 5 Enter the scores into list1 by typing each number and tapping EXE. Enter the frequencies into list2 the same way.

Tap SetGraph. Ensure that just StatGraph1 has a tick in its box.

Tap Setting to open the Set StatGraphs window. The radio button opposite Draw should be On. Use the drop down menus to set Type: MedBox XList: list1 Freq: list2

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Tap Resize . Tap and observe the minX is displayed at the bottom of the screen. Now use the cursor key to move left and right through the 5 key points of the boxplot.


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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 23 September 2008 405 Create Multiple Boxplots CPM OS 03.03.3000

Open the Statistics application. Tap Edit, Clear All. Enter the prime ministers ages below into list1 by typing each number and tapping EXE and the presidents ages into list2.

Here are the names of the last ten prime ministers of Australia together with the ages at which they took office and the last ten presidents of the USA together with the ages at which they took office. Harold Holt 57 John McEwen 67 John Gorton 56 William McMahon 63 Gough Whitlam 56 Malcolm Fraser 45 Bob Hawke 53 Paul Keating 47 John Howard 56 Kevin Rudd 50

Dwight Eisenhower 62 John Kennedy 43 Lyndon Johnson 55 Richard Nixon 56 Gerald Ford 61 Jimmy Carter 52 Ronald Reagan 69 George H Bush 64 Bill Clinton 46 George W. Bush 54

Tap to open the Set StatGraphs window. Notice the tabs along the top of the window. The window has 9 tabs and by default always opens to tab 1. The radio button opposite Draw should be On. On tab 1 use the drop down menus to set Type: MedBox XList: list1 Freq: 1 Tap on the 2nd tab. Tap on the On radio button opposite Draw. On tab 2 use the drop down menus to set Type: MedBox XList: list2 Freq: 1

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Tap Resize . Tap and observe the minX of the top boxplot is displayed at the bottom of the screen. Below minX, StatGraph1 is displayed, indicating the currently selected graph. Use the cursor key to move left and right through the 5 key points of the top boxplot. Use the cursor key to move up and down between StatGraph1 and StatGraph2.


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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 24 September 2008 406 Create a Histogram from a List CPM OS 03.03.3000


Fourteen test scores are shown below.

Enter these into list1.


Tap Setting to open the Set StatGraphs window. The radio button opposite Draw should be On. Use the drop down menus to set Type: Histogram XList: list1 Freq: 1

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Tap the DrawGraph icon . The Set Interval window appears. HStart is the LH Start value on the x-axis. Set to 50. HStep is the width of the columns. Set to 10. Tap OK.

Tap Resize . Tap and observe the frequency of the first class (50 60) is 2. Now use the cursor key to move left and right through the histogram.


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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 24 September 2008 407 Create a Histogram from a Frequency Table CPM OS 03.03.3000


Here are the results of throwing a regular six-sided dice 100 times.

Enter the scores into list1 and the frequencies into list2.


Tap Setting to open the Set StatGraphs window. The radio button opposite Draw should be On. Use the drop down menus to set Type: Histogram XList: list1 Freq: list2

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Tap the DrawGraph icon . The Set Interval window appears. HStart is the LH Start value on the x-axis. Set to 1. HStep is the width of the columns. Set to 1. Tap OK.

Tap Resize . Tap and observe the frequency of the first class is 16. Now use the cursor key to move left and right through the histogram.


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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 25 September 2008 410 Statistics: Two Variable Calculations CPM OS 03.03.3000

To find the summary statistics such as the mean, standard deviation and so on for the data below, open the Statistics application. Tap Edit, Clear All.

The data below shows the number of births and deaths for ten similar sized suburbs in a city during a one year period.

Enter the number of births into list1 by typing each number and tapping EXE. Enter the number of deaths into list2.

Tap Calc, Two-Variable. Use the dropdown menus to set XList: list1 YList: list2 Freq: 1

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Tap OK.

The Two-Variable statistics window is displayed. The mean number of births is 70.9. There are 10 data points. The mean number of deaths is 50.1.

Use the scrollbar to move down the list. The standard deviation of the number of deaths is 22.8. The largest number of deaths is 92. Tap OK to finish.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 25 September 2008 411 Create a scatterplot with regression line CPM OS 03.03.3000


The data below shows the number of births and deaths for ten similar sized suburbs in a city during a one year period.

Enter the number of births into list1 by typing each number and tapping EXE. Enter the number of deaths into list2.


Tap Setting to open the Set StatGraphs window. The radio button opposite Draw should be On. Use the drop down menus to set Type: Scatter XList: list1 YList: list2 Freq: 1 Mark: square Tap Set to confirm your settings.

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Tap Resize . Tap and observe that the x and y-coordinates of the first data point are displayed at the bottom of the screen (xc = 74, yc = 92). Tap the cursor key to move left and right through the other points.

Tap Calc. Tap Linear Reg. Tap OK to confirm Set Calculation settings. The Linear Regression coefficients are displayed. The line has a gradient of 0.581 The correlation coefficient is 0.578 Tap OK.

The regression line is drawn through the data points. Tap and observe that the x and y-coordinates of a point on the regression line are displayed at the bottom of the screen together with equation of the line of regression. Tap the cursor key to move left and right along the line or up and then left and right to jump through the data points. Tap close in the top right hand corner of the screen.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 25 September 2008 412 Create an xyLine from a Time Series CPM OS 03.03.3000


The data below shows the average Australian household size (people per household) against time (the number of years since 1910).

Enter the years since 1910 into list1 by typing each number and tapping EXE. Enter the average household size into list2.


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Tap Setting to open the Set StatGraphs window. The radio button opposite Draw should be On. Use the drop down menus to set Type: xyLine XList: list1 YList: list2 Freq: 1 Mark: square Tap Set to confirm your settings.


Tap Resize . Tap and observe that the x and y-coordinates of the first point are displayed at the bottom of the screen (xc = 1, yc = 4.5). Now use the cursor key to move left and right through the 14 points of the time series.


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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 21 September 2008 500 Spreadsheet Basics CPM OS 03.03.3000

Start with File, New. The 3 most common types of entries in spreadsheet cells are Text, Numbers and Formulas.

Text Examples: Rate, Sum and Title. Tap into cell A1, and use the keyboard abc tab to enter the word Rate. Notice that by default Classpad left-aligns text within a cell.

Numbers Examples: 0.1 and 12. Tap into cell A2, and use the keyboard mth tab to enter the number 0.1. Notice that by default Classpad right-aligns numbers within a cell.

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Formulas that combine references to numbers or cells or both Examples: =34, = A1+A2 or =B2/100. Tap into cell A3 and type 34. Note that it is treated as a text entry. Now tap into cell A4 and type = 34 and see the result displayed as 12.

Now tap back into cell A4 and tap the zoom icon in the toolbar to see both the formula entered and the calculated value of the cell. Tap the zoom icon again to close the zoom window.

Still in cell A4, experiment with the bold tool and the cell alignment tool . Next select the whole column by tapping on the column A header . Use the same tools with all of the selected cells.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 21 September 2008 501 Spreadsheet - Arithmetic Sequence CPM OS 03.03.3000

This example uses the spreadsheet application to create the arithmetic sequence 5, 8, 11, 14, From the Main Menu tap Spreadsheet. In spreadsheet tap File, New.

Tap into cell A1 and use the keyboard to enter 5 and then tap EXE. In cell A2 use the keyboard to tap = and then tap into cell A1. The formula bar at the bottom of your Classpad screen should be showing

at this stage. Now use the keyboard to tap +3 and then tap EXE.

Cell A2 now displays the value 8.

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Tap into cell A2 and use the keyboard to take a copy of the cell contents.

Tap into Cell A3 and tap on Paste . Notice how the spreadsheet modifies the pasted formula to add 3 to the previous cell (A2) contents.

Now simply repeat the process over and over, tapping into the cell below and tapping on Paste until the required number of terms is generated. In subsequent examples we will explore other ways of quickly pasting the formula into a large number of cells.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 21 January 2009 502 Spreadsheet Fibonacci Sequence CPM OS 03.03.3000

This example uses the spreadsheet application to create the well-known Fibonacci sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, where each term is the sum of the previous two. From the Main Menu tap Spreadsheet. In spreadsheet tap File, New.

Tap into cell A1 and use the keyboard to enter 1 and then tap EXE, repeating again in cell A2. In cell A3, tap on = to start a formula, tap into cell A2, tap +, tap into cell A1 and then tap EXE. The result in cell A3 is 2. Tap back into cell A3 to see the screen at right.

To copy this formula into the next 100 cells proceed as follows. With cell A3 highlighted, tap on Edit, Fill Range. Tap into the Range box and edit it to read A3:A100. Note that the colon to separate A3 and A100 is in the second row on the screen. Tap OK.

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Hide the keyboard and scroll down. Note that eventually some values of the sequence are too wide to be displayed as integers in the spreadsheet cells. Tap and drag on the border between the column headings to widen the column. Alternatively tap on Edit, Column Width and set the value to 80, the maximum allowable width.

Scrolling further down, Classpad is displaying the 50th and subsequent terms in scientific notation. Tap on the column heading A to select the whole column.

Next tap in order to display the terms exactly.

Eventually Classpad cannot display the exact value within the cell and simply shows a truncated number.

With a single cell highlighted tap and now the exact value can be seen in its entirety.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 21 September 2008 503 Spreadsheet Geometric Sequence CPM OS 03.03.3000

This example uses the spreadsheet application to create the geometric sequence 100, 50, 25, 12.5, From the Main Menu tap Spreadsheet. In spreadsheet tap File, New. Use the keyboard to enter 100 into cell A1 and tap EXE. Start a formula in cell A2 with =, tap into cell A1 and then add 0.5. Tap EXE.

Cell A2 now contains 50. Experiment with tapping onto cell A2. Sometimes you will see this and sometimes - a white highlight inside the cell. When you see the white highlight, Classpad will let you drag a copy of this cell into another cell. Tap and drag to extend the formula into the next few cells in column A.

To create the sum of the terms of this sequence in column B, tap into cell B1 Tap = to start a formula, tap into cell A1 and tap EXE.

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With cell B2 selected, start a formula with =. Tap into B1, tap +, tap into A2, tap EXE. The number 150 is now displayed in cell B2, using the formula =B1+A2.

Copy and paste this formula into cells, B3, B4 and so on to generate the sums of the terms of this geometric sequence.

Modify the first term of this sequence from 100 to 20. Tap into cell A1, type in 20 and tap EXE. Note how the whole spreadsheet instantly updates. Extension: Modify this spreadsheet to also accommodate any common ratio stored in cell C1.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 25 September 2008 520 Spreadsheets: Create a pie-chart CPM OS 03.03.3000

This example uses the spreadsheet application to create a pie-chart to illustrate the varying number of Classpad downloads by type from the web site www.classpad.org From the Main Menu tap Spreadsheet. In spreadsheet tap File, New. To remind ourselves of each category, we will enter the first letter of Add-ins, Basic, Documentation and eActivities into column A. Tap into cell A1 and use the abc tab on the keyboard to enter A and then tap EXE. Enter the other letters in a similar way.

Tap into cell B1 and use the mth tab of the keyboard to enter the numbers of downloads: 56, 54, 19 and 98.

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Tap onto cell B1 and immediately drag the stylus down to cell B4, highlighting the data we wish to graph. Tap Graph, Pie

Tap onto each sector in turn to see the corresponding frequency and percentage displayed at the bottom of the screen.

Tap and drag the marker on the pie-chart. Note how the number in the corresponding cell on the spreadsheet changes. Tap into a cell in the spreadsheet and change the number. Note how the pie-chart instantly changes. Tap close in the top right hand corner of the screen.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 20 Dec 2007 601 Storing Formulae In eActivities CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Tap and then tap Start a new eActivity file - tap File, New and then OK if prompted. Save the eActivity - tap File, Save, type in a name for the file and tap Save. (eActivity file names can be up to 20 characters long)

Repeat the following steps for each formula 1. Insert a NumSolve strip: Tap Insert, Strip, NumSolve

2. Enter the formula: Press Keyboard Tap mth, VAR Type the formula in the equation box, eg C = 2r and then tap EXE. (Note: can be located by tapping )

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3. Type an identifying name for the strip. Tap (top right corner of screen) to close the NumSolve strip. Tap the abc tab and type a name in the left part of the strip.

4. Save the updated eActivity. Tap File, Save, Save and confirm Overwrite with OK.

To use the eActivity. Tap File, Open, select the eActivity and tap Open. Locate the desired solve strip and tap Solve.

For example, to find the radius of a circle of circumference 50cm, type C=50 and tap on r (the variable to solve for). Then tap at the top of the screen. To close a strip, tap on

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 21 Dec 2007 700 Geometry Basic Settings CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Tap and then tap Start a new geometry file - tap File, New and then OK if prompted.

Tap Tap Geometry Format

Tap Default Tap Set

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Tap several times on until the required combination of axes, scale and integer grid are displayed. If coordinate work is involved, it is useful to have the grid displayed. Classpad will snap points to the nearest grid point. Integer Grid To use the grid without axes displayed, tap until the screen is clear. Now tap View, Integer Grid. Note that if the width of the Geometry window exceeds 24 units, the grid points will not display even with Integer Grid on.

To set the View Window in Geometry Tap and then tap View Window Enter the required values and tap OK. Classpad maintains the same scale on both x and y-axes and so it is not possible to set the y-min and max, just the y value for the middle of the screen.

Saving Geometry files Any Geometry file can be saved for later recall. Tap File, Save, type in a name for the file and tap Save. (Geometry file names can be up to 8 characters long)

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 17 Dec 2007 701 Geometry - Line Segment CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Tap and then tap Start a new geometry file, tap File, New and then OK.

To draw a line segment: Either tap Draw, Line Segment or tap the second down arrow and choose the line segment tool

Either tap the screen in two places to draw line segment AB or tap the screen once to indicate the starting point, tap the screen again and drag to locate the other end of the line.

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To determine features of line segment AB: Tap the right arrow at the far right of the toolbars to display the measurement toolbar.

Tap once on a blank part of the screen to deselect everything and then tap once towards the middle of the line to select it. The toolbar shows the length is 7.778335.

To determine the: Length of AB: tap Gradient of AB: tap Equation of AB: tap

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 21 Dec 2007 702 Geometry - Line Segment A To B CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

To draw a line segment from A(-1, -3) to B(4, 2) From the Menu, start the Geometry application. Start a new geometry file - tap File, New and then OK if prompted.

Prepare the geometry window Tap several times on until the axes, scale and integer grid are displayed as shown.

Select the Line Segment tool Either tap Draw, Line Segment or tap the second down arrow

and tap the line segment tool

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Draw the line segment from A(-1, -3) to B(4, 2) Tap near (-1, -3) and notice that in the bottom right hand corner of the screen (in the status bar), as you tap, the coordinates (-1, -3) are momentarily displayed. This is because with the integer grid visible, Classpad will always place points on the nearest grid point to that tapped on the screen. Now touch the screen and drag the pen around until (4, 2) is displayed in the status bar. Once you are at (4, 2) release the pen and the line is complete. Finally, tap on the Select tool

To find the length of AB Tap the arrow at the far right of the toolbars to display the measurement toolbar.

Tap once on a blank part of the screen to deselect everything and then tap once towards the middle of the line to select it. The length is displayed in the measurement toolbar as 7.071068

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Charlie Watson Date 21 Dec 2007 703 Geometry - Line Segment Midpoint CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

To find the midpoint a line segment from A(-4, 10) to B(8, -8) From the Menu, start the Geometry application. Start a new geometry file - tap File, New and then OK if prompted. Tap several times on until the axes, scale and integer grid are displayed. Tap View, Zoom Out to finish preparing the Geometry window.

Select the Line Segment tool Either tap Draw, Line Segment or tap the second down arrow

and tap the line segment tool

Draw the line segment from A(-4, 10) to B(8, -8) Tap near (-4, 10) and check that as you tap, the coordinates (-4, 10) are momentarily displayed in the status bar. Now touch the screen and drag the pen around until (8, -8) is displayed in the status bar. Once you are here, release the pen and the line is complete. Finally, tap on the Select tool

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To construct the midpoint of AB Tap once on a blank part of the screen to deselect everything and then tap once towards the middle of the line to select it. Tap Draw, Construct, Midpoint and the point C is added to the middle of the line segment AB.

To determine the coordinates of C, the midpoint of AB Tap once on a blank part of the screen to deselect everything. Tap the arrow at the far right of the toolbars to display the measurement toolbar.

Tap on C. The coordinates are displayed in the measurement toolbar as (2 ,1).

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 17 Dec 2007 712 Geometry Triangle CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240


Draw a triangle: Tap the triangle icon Either tap anywhere on the screen or, tap the screen and drag the stylus to form a box.

Tap the right arrow at the far right of the toolbars to display the information box.

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To determine features of the triangle: Length of a side: tap on a side NOTE: To deselect, tap on a blank part of the screen.

Size of an angle: tap on the two sides forming the angle

Area of the triangle: tap on all three sides of the triangle, tap on the first down arrow, tap on Perimeter of the triangle: tap on all three sides of the triangle, tap on

the first down arrow, tap on

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 17 Dec 2007 713 Geometry - Right Triangle CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240


Draw a triangle: Tap the triangle icon Either tap anywhere on the screen or, tap the screen and drag the stylus to form a box.

Tap the right arrow at the far right of the toolbars to display the information box of the measurement toolbar.

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Create a right triangle: Tap on two sides of the triangle to show the size of the angle formed by these two sides.

Tap on the angle size in the box and type 90, tap on the tick. This constrains the angle to always be 90. To clear a constraint, tap on a shaded tick box or use Edit, Clear Constraints to clear all constraints.

To determine or constrain other features of the triangle: Length of a side: tap on a side Size of an angle: tap on the two sides forming the angle Area of the triangle: tap on all three sides of the triangle, tap on the first down arrow, tap on Perimeter of the triangle: tap on all three sides of the triangle, tap on

the first down arrow, tap on NOTE: To deselect all, tap on a blank part of the screen.

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Classpad Help Series sponsored by Casio Education Australia www.casioed.net.au Author Romaine Saunders Date 20 Dec 2007 714 Geometry - Solve Triangle 1 CPM OS 03.01.3000.0240

Solve triangle ABC given two sides and the included angle. Tap and then tap Start a new geometry file, tap File, New and then OK.

Draw a triangle: Tap the triangle icon Either tap anywhere on the screen or, tap the screen and drag the stylus to form a box. To deselect, tap in a blank part of the screen. Tap the right arrow at the far right of the toolbars to display the information box.

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To set the given constraints: Length of a side AB = 4 tap on side AB, tap on the length, type 4, tap the tick To deselect side AB, tap in a blank part of the screen. Length of a side BC = 6 tap on side BC, tap on the length, type 6, tap the tick To deselect side BC, tap in a blank part of the screen. Angle ABC = 56 tap on sides AB and BC, tap on the angle size, type 56, tap the tick NOTE: With nothing selected the + (zoom in) , - (zoom out) and = (auto scale) keys can be used to rescale the triangle to quickly fit the screen. To determine the remaining features: Tap in a blank part of the screen. Length of AC: tap on side AC Size of angle BAC: tap on sides AC and AB Tap in a blank part of the screen. Size of angle ACB: tap on sides AC and BC

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Solve triangle ABC given two sides and a non-included angle. Tap and then tap Start a new geometry file, tap File, New and then OK.


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To set the given constraints: Length of a side AB = 10 tap on side AB, tap on the length, type 10, tap the tick To deselect side AB, tap in a blank part of the screen. Length of a side BC = 9 tap on side BC, tap on the length, type 9, tap the tick To deselect side BC, tap in a blank part of the screen. Angle ACB = 63 tap on sides AC and BC, tap on the angle size, type 63, tap the tick NOTE: With nothing selected the + (zoom in) , - (zoom out) and = (auto scale) keys can be used to rescale the triangle to quickly fit the screen. To determine the remaining features: Tap in a blank part of the screen. Length of AC: tap on side AC Size of angle BAC: tap on sides AC and AB Tap in a blank part of the screen. Size of angle ABC: tap on sides AB and BC

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Solve triangle ABC given three sides. Tap and then tap Start a new geometry file, tap File, New and then OK.


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To set the given constraints: Length of a side AB = 7.5 tap on side AB, tap on the length, type 7.5, tap the tick To deselect side AB, tap in a blank part of the screen. Length of a side BC = 4.6 tap on side BC, tap on the length, type 4.6, tap the tick To deselect side BC, tap in a blank part of the screen. Length of a side AC = 8.7 tap on side AC, tap on the length, type 8.7, tap the tick NOTE: With nothing selected the + (zoom in) , - (zoom out) and = (auto scale) keys can be used to rescale the triangle to quickly fit the screen. To determine the remaining features: Tap in a blank part of the screen. Size of angle ABC: tap on sides AB and BC Tap in a blank part of the screen. Size of angle BAC: tap on sides AB and AC Tap in a blank part of the screen. Size of angle ACB: tap on sides AC and BC

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Date 8 March 2011 800 Sequence Basics CPM OS 03.05.0000

Open the Sequence application.

Tap Edit, Clear All, OK.

Note that by default, the Recursive tab is chosen rather than Explicit.

Also note that you can create up to three different sequences at one time, a, b and c.

Tap Type.

Note that there are 4 types of recursion available.

Tap .

Note that the items available depend on the type of recursion selected.

Tap .

Tap .

Choose On to also display the sum of the terms of a sequence, or Off to just display the terms of the sequence.

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Tap on the Explicit tab.

Tap Type.

Note that no items are available from this menu.

Tap .

Note that only four items are available.

Tap .

Use Start and End to set the first and last terms of the sequence required and then tap OK.

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Date 8 March 2011 801 Sequence - Explicitly Defined CPM OS 03.05.0000



Tap on the Explicit tab.

Example: Find and graph the first twelve terms of the sequence given by . ( )20 5nT n n= + , the sequence of triangle numbers.

Enter the explicit formula in the first row and tap EXE.

Tap .

Use Start and End to set the first term as 1 and last term as 12 and then tap OK.

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Tap .

Tap Resize.

The first twelve terms are displayed.

Tap .

Tap Zoom, Auto.

The twelve terms are plotted and scaled to fit the window.

Tap to close the graph window.

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Date 8 March 2011 802 Simple Recursive Sequences CPM OS 03.05.0000



Example 1. Find the tenth term of the arithmetic sequence given by

1 14, 33n nT T T+ = =

Tap Type and choose the 2nd type.

Enter the recursive formula on the first line using the menu and the keyboard.

Tap EXE.

Enter the first term as 33.

Check that the formula is selected:

Tap .

Use Start and End to set the first term as 1 and last term as 10 and then tap OK.

Tap .

Tap Resize.

The first ten terms are displayed.

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Example 2. Find the sum of the

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