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Corporal Punishment in India: Current Status and Future Interventions to Support Positive Parenting Dr Rajeev Seth Executive Councilor ISPCAN Email [email protected]

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Corporal Punishment in India

Current Status and Future Interventions to Support Positive Parenting

Dr Rajeev SethExecutive Councilor ISPCAN

Email sethrajeevgmailcom

Corporal Punishment

ldquoCorporal or Physical Punishmentrdquo bull The use of physical force to punish or

discipline childrenbull Acknowledged as the most common form

of violence experienced by children

Corporal Punishment

bull UN GENERAL COMMENT No 8 (2006)

The right of the child to protection from corporal punishment and other cruel or degrading forms of punishment (arts 19 28 para 2 and 37 inter alia)

UN Committee defines ldquocorporalrdquo or ldquophysicalrdquo punishment as any punishment in which force is used and intended to cause some degree of pain or discomfort however light

UN committee on the Rights of child

General comment No 13 (2011)

bull The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence

bull The Committee on the Rights of the Child issued the present general comment on article 19 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child

bull since the extent and intensity of violence exerted on children is alarming

Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (

wwwendcorporalpunishmentorg)

bull It is a human rights imperative to prohibit and eliminate all such violencerdquo

bull Corporal punishment a)Breaching a childrsquos human dignity b)Perpetuates their status as objects or

property and makes every other sort of extreme abuse and exploitation easier

Examples of corporal punishment

bull Running around the school groundbull Rapping on the knucklesbull Kneeling down for hoursbull Standing up for long hoursbull Beating with a scale (ruler) pinched slappedbull Child sexual abuse torture locking children

alone etc

Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools

bull Rajasthan reports death of student after beating by teacher

bull Andhra Pradesh teacher subjected student to electric shock with full support and justification by head master

bull Above reports reflect a culture of violence and gross insensitivity to children and their rights

How Big is the Problem in India

bull Ministry of Women and Child Development(2007)- study on child abuse

69 children physical abuse including corporal punishment

bull UNICEF(2011)-largest cross-national attempt from household surveys in 37 countries

66 of children aged 2 ndash 14 experience corporal punishment

How Big is the problem in India

bull NCPCR Study (2012)6632 children from 7 states all except 9 children experienced physical and verbal abuse

bull Experience of punishment and abuse at early agebull Type of school irrelevant to nature of punishmentbull Girls not sparedbull Poor Academics were the reason (93)for abuse

In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies on the outcomes of

physical punishment

Landmark Meta-analysis of Social Science Research

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Lower moralinternalization 15 13

Child aggression 27 27

Child delinquency 13 12

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Corporal Punishment

ldquoCorporal or Physical Punishmentrdquo bull The use of physical force to punish or

discipline childrenbull Acknowledged as the most common form

of violence experienced by children

Corporal Punishment

bull UN GENERAL COMMENT No 8 (2006)

The right of the child to protection from corporal punishment and other cruel or degrading forms of punishment (arts 19 28 para 2 and 37 inter alia)

UN Committee defines ldquocorporalrdquo or ldquophysicalrdquo punishment as any punishment in which force is used and intended to cause some degree of pain or discomfort however light

UN committee on the Rights of child

General comment No 13 (2011)

bull The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence

bull The Committee on the Rights of the Child issued the present general comment on article 19 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child

bull since the extent and intensity of violence exerted on children is alarming

Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (

wwwendcorporalpunishmentorg)

bull It is a human rights imperative to prohibit and eliminate all such violencerdquo

bull Corporal punishment a)Breaching a childrsquos human dignity b)Perpetuates their status as objects or

property and makes every other sort of extreme abuse and exploitation easier

Examples of corporal punishment

bull Running around the school groundbull Rapping on the knucklesbull Kneeling down for hoursbull Standing up for long hoursbull Beating with a scale (ruler) pinched slappedbull Child sexual abuse torture locking children

alone etc

Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools

bull Rajasthan reports death of student after beating by teacher

bull Andhra Pradesh teacher subjected student to electric shock with full support and justification by head master

bull Above reports reflect a culture of violence and gross insensitivity to children and their rights

How Big is the Problem in India

bull Ministry of Women and Child Development(2007)- study on child abuse

69 children physical abuse including corporal punishment

bull UNICEF(2011)-largest cross-national attempt from household surveys in 37 countries

66 of children aged 2 ndash 14 experience corporal punishment

How Big is the problem in India

bull NCPCR Study (2012)6632 children from 7 states all except 9 children experienced physical and verbal abuse

bull Experience of punishment and abuse at early agebull Type of school irrelevant to nature of punishmentbull Girls not sparedbull Poor Academics were the reason (93)for abuse

In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies on the outcomes of

physical punishment

Landmark Meta-analysis of Social Science Research

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Lower moralinternalization 15 13

Child aggression 27 27

Child delinquency 13 12

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Corporal Punishment

bull UN GENERAL COMMENT No 8 (2006)

The right of the child to protection from corporal punishment and other cruel or degrading forms of punishment (arts 19 28 para 2 and 37 inter alia)

UN Committee defines ldquocorporalrdquo or ldquophysicalrdquo punishment as any punishment in which force is used and intended to cause some degree of pain or discomfort however light

UN committee on the Rights of child

General comment No 13 (2011)

bull The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence

bull The Committee on the Rights of the Child issued the present general comment on article 19 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child

bull since the extent and intensity of violence exerted on children is alarming

Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (

wwwendcorporalpunishmentorg)

bull It is a human rights imperative to prohibit and eliminate all such violencerdquo

bull Corporal punishment a)Breaching a childrsquos human dignity b)Perpetuates their status as objects or

property and makes every other sort of extreme abuse and exploitation easier

Examples of corporal punishment

bull Running around the school groundbull Rapping on the knucklesbull Kneeling down for hoursbull Standing up for long hoursbull Beating with a scale (ruler) pinched slappedbull Child sexual abuse torture locking children

alone etc

Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools

bull Rajasthan reports death of student after beating by teacher

bull Andhra Pradesh teacher subjected student to electric shock with full support and justification by head master

bull Above reports reflect a culture of violence and gross insensitivity to children and their rights

How Big is the Problem in India

bull Ministry of Women and Child Development(2007)- study on child abuse

69 children physical abuse including corporal punishment

bull UNICEF(2011)-largest cross-national attempt from household surveys in 37 countries

66 of children aged 2 ndash 14 experience corporal punishment

How Big is the problem in India

bull NCPCR Study (2012)6632 children from 7 states all except 9 children experienced physical and verbal abuse

bull Experience of punishment and abuse at early agebull Type of school irrelevant to nature of punishmentbull Girls not sparedbull Poor Academics were the reason (93)for abuse

In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies on the outcomes of

physical punishment

Landmark Meta-analysis of Social Science Research

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Lower moralinternalization 15 13

Child aggression 27 27

Child delinquency 13 12

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

UN committee on the Rights of child

General comment No 13 (2011)

bull The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence

bull The Committee on the Rights of the Child issued the present general comment on article 19 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child

bull since the extent and intensity of violence exerted on children is alarming

Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (

wwwendcorporalpunishmentorg)

bull It is a human rights imperative to prohibit and eliminate all such violencerdquo

bull Corporal punishment a)Breaching a childrsquos human dignity b)Perpetuates their status as objects or

property and makes every other sort of extreme abuse and exploitation easier

Examples of corporal punishment

bull Running around the school groundbull Rapping on the knucklesbull Kneeling down for hoursbull Standing up for long hoursbull Beating with a scale (ruler) pinched slappedbull Child sexual abuse torture locking children

alone etc

Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools

bull Rajasthan reports death of student after beating by teacher

bull Andhra Pradesh teacher subjected student to electric shock with full support and justification by head master

bull Above reports reflect a culture of violence and gross insensitivity to children and their rights

How Big is the Problem in India

bull Ministry of Women and Child Development(2007)- study on child abuse

69 children physical abuse including corporal punishment

bull UNICEF(2011)-largest cross-national attempt from household surveys in 37 countries

66 of children aged 2 ndash 14 experience corporal punishment

How Big is the problem in India

bull NCPCR Study (2012)6632 children from 7 states all except 9 children experienced physical and verbal abuse

bull Experience of punishment and abuse at early agebull Type of school irrelevant to nature of punishmentbull Girls not sparedbull Poor Academics were the reason (93)for abuse

In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies on the outcomes of

physical punishment

Landmark Meta-analysis of Social Science Research

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Lower moralinternalization 15 13

Child aggression 27 27

Child delinquency 13 12

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (

wwwendcorporalpunishmentorg)

bull It is a human rights imperative to prohibit and eliminate all such violencerdquo

bull Corporal punishment a)Breaching a childrsquos human dignity b)Perpetuates their status as objects or

property and makes every other sort of extreme abuse and exploitation easier

Examples of corporal punishment

bull Running around the school groundbull Rapping on the knucklesbull Kneeling down for hoursbull Standing up for long hoursbull Beating with a scale (ruler) pinched slappedbull Child sexual abuse torture locking children

alone etc

Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools

bull Rajasthan reports death of student after beating by teacher

bull Andhra Pradesh teacher subjected student to electric shock with full support and justification by head master

bull Above reports reflect a culture of violence and gross insensitivity to children and their rights

How Big is the Problem in India

bull Ministry of Women and Child Development(2007)- study on child abuse

69 children physical abuse including corporal punishment

bull UNICEF(2011)-largest cross-national attempt from household surveys in 37 countries

66 of children aged 2 ndash 14 experience corporal punishment

How Big is the problem in India

bull NCPCR Study (2012)6632 children from 7 states all except 9 children experienced physical and verbal abuse

bull Experience of punishment and abuse at early agebull Type of school irrelevant to nature of punishmentbull Girls not sparedbull Poor Academics were the reason (93)for abuse

In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies on the outcomes of

physical punishment

Landmark Meta-analysis of Social Science Research

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Lower moralinternalization 15 13

Child aggression 27 27

Child delinquency 13 12

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Examples of corporal punishment

bull Running around the school groundbull Rapping on the knucklesbull Kneeling down for hoursbull Standing up for long hoursbull Beating with a scale (ruler) pinched slappedbull Child sexual abuse torture locking children

alone etc

Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools

bull Rajasthan reports death of student after beating by teacher

bull Andhra Pradesh teacher subjected student to electric shock with full support and justification by head master

bull Above reports reflect a culture of violence and gross insensitivity to children and their rights

How Big is the Problem in India

bull Ministry of Women and Child Development(2007)- study on child abuse

69 children physical abuse including corporal punishment

bull UNICEF(2011)-largest cross-national attempt from household surveys in 37 countries

66 of children aged 2 ndash 14 experience corporal punishment

How Big is the problem in India

bull NCPCR Study (2012)6632 children from 7 states all except 9 children experienced physical and verbal abuse

bull Experience of punishment and abuse at early agebull Type of school irrelevant to nature of punishmentbull Girls not sparedbull Poor Academics were the reason (93)for abuse

In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies on the outcomes of

physical punishment

Landmark Meta-analysis of Social Science Research

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Lower moralinternalization 15 13

Child aggression 27 27

Child delinquency 13 12

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools

bull Rajasthan reports death of student after beating by teacher

bull Andhra Pradesh teacher subjected student to electric shock with full support and justification by head master

bull Above reports reflect a culture of violence and gross insensitivity to children and their rights

How Big is the Problem in India

bull Ministry of Women and Child Development(2007)- study on child abuse

69 children physical abuse including corporal punishment

bull UNICEF(2011)-largest cross-national attempt from household surveys in 37 countries

66 of children aged 2 ndash 14 experience corporal punishment

How Big is the problem in India

bull NCPCR Study (2012)6632 children from 7 states all except 9 children experienced physical and verbal abuse

bull Experience of punishment and abuse at early agebull Type of school irrelevant to nature of punishmentbull Girls not sparedbull Poor Academics were the reason (93)for abuse

In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies on the outcomes of

physical punishment

Landmark Meta-analysis of Social Science Research

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Lower moralinternalization 15 13

Child aggression 27 27

Child delinquency 13 12

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

How Big is the Problem in India

bull Ministry of Women and Child Development(2007)- study on child abuse

69 children physical abuse including corporal punishment

bull UNICEF(2011)-largest cross-national attempt from household surveys in 37 countries

66 of children aged 2 ndash 14 experience corporal punishment

How Big is the problem in India

bull NCPCR Study (2012)6632 children from 7 states all except 9 children experienced physical and verbal abuse

bull Experience of punishment and abuse at early agebull Type of school irrelevant to nature of punishmentbull Girls not sparedbull Poor Academics were the reason (93)for abuse

In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies on the outcomes of

physical punishment

Landmark Meta-analysis of Social Science Research

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Lower moralinternalization 15 13

Child aggression 27 27

Child delinquency 13 12

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

How Big is the problem in India

bull NCPCR Study (2012)6632 children from 7 states all except 9 children experienced physical and verbal abuse

bull Experience of punishment and abuse at early agebull Type of school irrelevant to nature of punishmentbull Girls not sparedbull Poor Academics were the reason (93)for abuse

In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies on the outcomes of

physical punishment

Landmark Meta-analysis of Social Science Research

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Lower moralinternalization 15 13

Child aggression 27 27

Child delinquency 13 12

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies on the outcomes of

physical punishment

Landmark Meta-analysis of Social Science Research

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Lower moralinternalization 15 13

Child aggression 27 27

Child delinquency 13 12

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Lower moralinternalization 15 13

Child aggression 27 27

Child delinquency 13 12

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)

Outcome of Studies Confirmed

Impaired parent-child relationship 13 13

Poorer childmental health 12 12

Physical harm 10 10

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in

adults The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study

Felitti VJAnda RFAm J Prev Med 1998 May14(4)245-58

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

ACE Study Results

bull Compared to persons with ACE score of 0 those with score 4+ ndash x 2 smokersndash x 12 attempted suicidendash x 7 alcoholicndash x 10 injected street drugs

bull The number of categories of ACE exposures showed a graded relationship to the presence of adult diseases including ischemic heart disease cancer chronic lung disease skeletal fractures and liver disease

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes

Childhood Adversity

Poor Adult Outcomes

Toxic Stress

Epigenetic Modifications

Disruptions in Brain

Architecture

Behavioural Allostasis

Maladaptive behaviours

Non- Communicable

Diseases

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor adult outcomes

It raises the following BIG questions

Are there ways tobull Treatbull Mitigate andorbull Immunize against the effects of toxic stress

Garner AS et al (2012) Early childhood adversity toxic stress and the role of the Pediatrician translating developmental science into lifelong health Pediatrics 129(1)e224 31‐

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Address Toxic stress

Primary Universal Preventionndash Proactive universal interventions to makestress positive or tolerable instead of toxicndash Acknowledges that preventing all childhoodadversity is impossible and even undesirable

Actively building resiliency (immunizing through positive parenting promoting optimism formalized social-emotional learning)

Social Emotional skills Buffers allow the physiologic stress response to return to baseline

ParentingCaregiving skills for younger children

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

A layered public health approach is needed

to address toxic stress (proportionate universality)

bull Universal primary preventions arendash The base of the pyramid (prevent others from falling in)ndash Essential but hard to assess (due to the 1048684ceilingeffect1048684)ndash Protect the brain (release the brake) hellip and hellipndash Build healthy adaptive skills (step on the gas)

bull The challenge is to support parents andcaregivers as they do their best at BOTH

Si

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Safeguarding Children

Onus of responsibility to safeguard children from punishment is with-

bull Parents through Positive Parenting bull School teachersbull Child multidisciplinary professionalsbull Administration at all levelsbull Public Policy amp Legal Measures

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives

bull There is no universality regarding child-rearing standards

bull Cultural perspectivebull Poverty Socio-Economic adverse

circumstancesbull Large population size illiteracy ignorance

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools

bull Deeply ingrained as a tool to discipline children and as a normal action

bull All forms of corporal punishment are fundamental breach of humanchild right

bull A slap is as detrimental to child rights as grievous injury No gradations

bull Condoning so called ldquosmall actsldquo actually leads to gross violations legally impermissible

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy

bull One way of responding to the cultural relativism and developing country problem

bull A wonderful example is the African Child Policy Forum (ACPF) which established a CRC-based methodology to monitor African nation-states and their progress against the CRC (Bequele 2010 Lee and Svevo-Cianci)

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

India amp Child Rights

In 1992India endorsed UNCRCSteps taken by Government of India

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 bull National Plan of Action for Children(2005)bull National Commission (NCPCR)(2005)bull Right to Education Bill (2009)bull Integrated Child Protection Scheme(2009)bull Protection of children from sexual offences Act (2012)

STILL there is a wide gap between policy amp implementation practice amp outcome

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India

bull Indian Penal Code (1860) section 89 and JampK the Ranbir Penal Code offense under12year

bull Right To Education Act(RTE )(2009) In the school setting corporal punishment is explicitly prohibited (children aged 6 -14 years)

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment 2006 clearly prohibits corporal punishment in observation care and protection homes in Chapter VI (a) of JJ Act Model Rule 2007

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Supreme court of India

bull Banned Corporal punishment December 1 2000 and directed the State to ensure

ldquohellip that the children are not subjected to corporal punishment in schools and they receive their education in an environment of freedom and dignity free from fearrdquo

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Prohibition of Corporal punishment

bull Right to Education Act (2009) prohibits corporal punishment It is an important step forward

bull But does not criminalize corporal punishment nor provide a law with standard penalty

bull Juvenile Justice Act 2000 is the only statue which criminalize acts but this has not been tested in higher courts

bull Indian law pulls in conflicting directions on Corporal punishment

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull All children are informed through campaigns and publicity drives that they have the right to speak against corporal punishment and bring it to the notice of authorities

bull They must be given confidence to make complaints and not accept punishment as ldquonormal activityrdquo of school

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guidelines

bull Every school JJ homes shelter homes and other public institutions should have a forum where children can express themselves

bull A box where children can drop their complaints even if anonymous should be provided in each school

bull Monthly meeting of Parent teachers (PTA) to review complaints and take action

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

NCPCR guidelines

bull Parent Teacher Association ( PTA) encouraged to act immediately not wait for grievous injury to occur

bull Parents and children empowered to speak against corporal punishment without fear

bull Education department at all levels to establish procedures to review the response to complaintsmonitor action taken

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Prevention of Corporal punishment in India

bull Given the large child population particularly among the underprivileged rural and urban communities socioeconomic constraints and lack of well developed child protection systems in India

bull It is of utmost importance to take all possible measures towards primary prevention of Corporal Punishment

CANCL News 14(1) 2014

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Prevention

bull Often neglected bull Prevention reduce the resources directed to

violence against children bull The UN General Comment 13 notes that -

prevention measures should be directed at all stakeholders children parents families communities professionals and institutions in both Government and civil society

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING

bull Shift from acute care to one which now focuses provision of anticipatory guidance

bull Even if we canrsquot ldquoimmunizerdquo every child against the possibility of abuse We can likely help protect some from being abused

bull ldquoFamily life educationrdquoLife Skills education is extremely important and must not be ignored

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Positive Parenting

bull Positive Parenting is the Most Effective Discipline to Stop Behavior Problems

bull When Its Not a Behavior Problem Its a Relationship Problem

But what if the child does know that the misbehavior is off limits but doesnrsquot have the competing impulse to control himself

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Principles of Positive Parenting

bull Ensuring a safe engaging environment bull A positive learning environmentbull Using assertive disciplinebull Having realistic expectationsbull Taking care of yourself as a parent

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Positive Discipline

Positive Discipline (or PD)bull Focuses on the positive points of behavior

based on the idea that there are no bad children just good and bad behaviors

bull Handle situations more appropriately while remaining calm friendly and respectful to the children themselves

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull Triple P-Positive Parenting Program and the prevention of child maltreatment

Matthew R Sanders PhD

Parenting and Family Support CentreThe University of Queensland Australia September 2009

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment

bull Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Prinz R J Sanders M R Shapiro C J Whitaker D J amp Lutzker J R (2009) Population--based prevention of child maltreatment The US Triple P System Population Trial PreventionScience101

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties

Lower rates of child out-of-home placementsLower rates of child maltreatment injuriesSlowed the growth of substantiated cases

compared with the control counties

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Parenting interventions help child parents interactions

bull Benefits to ChildChild have less depression disruptive behaviors

substance abuse and Delinquencybull Benefits to ParentsParents have less depression amp angerParents have less couple conflict improved work

functioning

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Population based parenting programs

bull Population based parenting programs can be effectivebull They are very cost effectivebull Principles of positive parenting appear to be cross

culturally robust

ReferencesRe-evidence base and current research wwwpfscuqeduauRe -training and disseminationwwwtriplepnet

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

Need for Public Policy

bull Public policy that supports good parenting remains essential to prevent maltreatment and improve the well being of children and young people

bull International trials of triple P and culturally sensitive protocols

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

The absolute and total elimination of corporal punishment against boys and girls is a human rights perspective that at present must be connected as an aim with indicators to compliance with the Sustainable Developmental Goals and the post 2015 agenda

Maria Soledad Cisternas Reyes Chair Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disability 2014

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015

bull ldquoPromoting Positive Parenting Preventing Violencerdquo

  • Corporal Punishment in India Current Status and Future Int
  • Corporal Punishment
  • Corporal Punishment (2)
  • UN committee on the Rights of child
  • Global initiative to end corporal punishment in children (wwwe
  • Examples of corporal punishment
  • Reports of ghastly violence in Indian schools
  • How Big is the Problem in India
  • How Big is the problem in India
  • In 2002 Eliz Gershoff published a meta analysis of 88 studies o
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002)
  • Meta-analysis of Physical Punishment Research (Gershoff 2002) (2)
  • Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to ma
  • ACE Study Results
  • Slide 15
  • Linking childhood experiences and Adult outcomes
  • TOXIC STRESS is the missing link between ACE exposure and poor
  • Address Toxic stress
  • A layered public health approach is needed
  • Safeguarding Children
  • Developing countries amp Cultural Perspectives
  • Corporal Punishment in Indian Schools
  • Using the UN CRC as a tool in advocacy
  • India amp Child Rights
  • Legality of Corporal Punishment of children in India
  • Supreme court of India
  • Prohibition of Corporal punishment
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid
  • National commission for protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) Guid (2)
  • NCPCR guidelines
  • Prevention of Corporal punishment in India
  • Prevention
  • Delivering the message of PREVENTION through POSITIVE PARENTING
  • Positive Parenting
  • Principles of Positive Parenting
  • Positive Discipline
  • Triple P system population trial to prevent child maltreatment
  • Prevention Effects of Triple P systems in US counties
  • Parenting interventions help child parents interactions
  • Population based parenting programs
  • Need for Public Policy
  • Slide 43
  • ISPCAN Denver Thinking space March 2015