Kazi UddinCONTENT RESEARCH

Feminism is a movement for equal rights for women. 

People and activists who discussed or advanced women's equality prior to the existence of the feminist movement are sometimes labelled protofeminist. Some scholars, however, criticize this term's usage. Some argue that it diminishes the importance of earlier contributions, while others argue that feminism does not have a single, linear history as implied by

terms such as protofeminist. 

Jane Austen writes a book on the restricted lives of women First wave feminism  

In her autobiographical novel Ruth Hall (1854), American journalist Fanny Fern describes her own struggle to support her children as a newspaper columnist after her husband's untimely death. First Wave

The 19th- and early 20th-century Anglosphere feminist activity that sought to win women's suffrage, female education rights, better working conditions, and abolition of gender double standards is known as first-wave feminism.

 Second wave feminism

"Second-wave feminism" identifies a period of feminist activity from the early 1960s through the late 1980s that saw cultural and political inequalities as inextricably linked. The ideas and efforts of this era continue to coexist with third-

wave feminism.Third wave feminism

Third-wave feminism began in the early 1990s in response to what young women perceived as failures of the second-wave. It also responds to the backlash against the second-wave's initiatives and movements. Third-wave feminism seeks

to challenge or avoid second-wave "essentialist" definitions of femininity, 

Future fourth wave feminism A fourth-wave of feminism is not currently acknowledged as a historical wave of feminism, but scholars have advocated

for its existence due to the lack of activism in other waves of feminism regarding our current cultural issues.

HISTORY OF FEMINISM

 Anti Feminism

Antifeminism is broadly defined as ideological opposition to feminism. This opposition has taken various forms across time and cultures. For example, antifeminists in the late

1800s and early 1900s resisted women's suffrage, while antifeminists in the late 20th century opposed the Equal Rights Amendment. Antifeminism may be motivated by the

belief that feminist theories of patriarchy and disadvantages suffered by women in society are incorrect or exaggerated, that feminism as a movement encourages

misandry and seeks to harm or oppress men, or by general hostility towards women's rights.

 19 century

The 19th century, the centerpiece of antifeminism was opposition to women's suffrage  

21 century Contemporary issues surrounding antifeminism include concerns of fairness in matters of family law, regarding things like child custody, paternity liability, and child support.

HISTORY OF FEMINISM

Who are they: London Feminist Network What do they do: “The London Feminist Network (LFN) is a women-only feminist networking and campaigning organisation that is based

in London, UK. LFN was formed in 2004 to unite London-based feminist groups and individuals in action”. They have lots of sister

networks for example Bristol feminist network etc.How do they do it: Meet monthly to share news, listen to guest

speakers, plan campaigns and demonstrations, network and support each other. They protest or women rights regularly

How many people are involved: nearly 2000 people are involved in there mission.

Finance: they do not get financed by anyone. On their website there is no information about finance. When they have their monthly

meetings it is in the feminist library so they may get to use it for free.

PROFESSIONAL COMPANIES

Who are they: Anti Feminism League. What do they do: they are “fighting the scourge of militant

feminism”How do they do it: They have a political partie “justices

for men and boys and women who love them”, they run for election.

How many people are involved: doesn’t specify how many people are in the group with them.

Finance: People who are involved with the anti feminist league donate money to them to help fund.

PROFESSIONAL COMPANIES

http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/jul/30/feminism-makes-women-victims-sexist-women-against-

feminismTitle: Feminism makes women 'victims'? I think you've

mistaken us for the sexistsAuthor: Jessica Valenti

Date: Wednesday 30 JulySummary: This article is saying that anti feminist no longer

use the victim card because….

ARTICLES

http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/oct/25/feminism-isnt-dead-

spectatorTitle- Feminism isn't dead

Author- Laura Bates Summary- Laura bates is saying how feminism isn't dead

and that there are still problems for feminism to tackle, for example 54000 women lose there jobs due to maternity discrimination. British women earn about 19% less than

men overall etc.

ARTICLES

London Evening Standards Wednesday 18th November 2015

Title- Tinder? I'm an addict Author-Charlotte Edwards

Summary- this article is about why he started Tinder and him looking for an intellectual equal and how feminism has

played a part in his success, and his “hook up culture”. Feminims has made women more independent and makes

females pursue there desires and that leads to both parties being sexually active, he says that this is the cause people

being more sexual active and not Tinder.

ARTICLES

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2015/11/11/as-some-conservatives-cheer-ronda-rouseys-take-on-feminism-she-backs-bernie-sanders

/Title-As some conservatives cheer Ronda Rousey’s

antifeminism, she backs Bernie SandersAuthor-Amber Phillips

Summary- Ronda Rousey shutting down feminism. She is saying that she has had no handouts to get to where she is

and she rejects the idea of becoming a prolific person in the world of feminism. She says that she is the highest paid

fighter so equality in wages isn't a problem.

ARTICLES

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-3323931/Anti-feminist-student-reveals-won-t-party-women-case-s-accused-rape-says-stay-single-

forever.htmlTitle- 'Anti-feminist' student reveals he won't party with

women in case he's accused of rape – and says he may stay single forever

Author-Phoebe JacksonSummary- a student has claimed that partying with girls is to

risky.

ARTICLES.

http://www.independent.co.uk/student/news/cardiff-university-student-david-sherratt-speaks-about-why-he-s-anti-feminist-opposes-sex-consent-a6738746.html

Title: Cardiff University student David Sherratt speaks about why he’s anti-feminist, opposes sex consent classes

and wants to remain single.Author: Aftab Ali 

Summary: A 18 student is scared of getting a girlfriend just in case she accuses him of rape. He is a member of a secretive society called Men Going Their Own Way.

ARTICLES

http://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/culture/karen-townsend/2015/10/27/why-cbs-supergirl-anti-feminist-family-friendly-viewing

Title: Why CBS's 'Supergirl' Is Anti-Feminist, Family-Friendly Viewing

Author- Karen TownsendSummary: new hit show super girl pushes back feminist

label and the typical sexist costume for women.

ARTICLES

http://www.independent.co.uk/student/news/warwick-university-student-george-lawlor-divides-opinion-after-opposing-union-s-sex-consent-lessons-a6694781.html

Title: Warwick University student, George Lawlor, divides opinion after opposing Union’s sex consent

lessonsAuthor: Aftab Ali

Summary: Student doesn’t want to attend a sex consent lesson. He says not all men are rapist and that he doesn’t

look like a rapist.

ARTICLES

-Men collectively pay 72% of the state’s income tax revenues, while women collectively pay only 28% and receive disproportionately far more from the state in

return. Men pay a total of £68 billion more income tax annually than women

-over 90% of homeless people are men.-the suicide rate among men is 3x that among women.

-on average men die earlier, yet retire later.

FACTS, FIGURES, STATISTICS AND GRAPHS.

On average two women a week are killed by a violent partner or ex-partner in the UK.

Up to 3 million women and girls across the UK experience rape, domestic violence, stalking, or other violence each

year.Almost 1 in 3 girls have experienced unwanted sexual

touching at schoolThe full time gender pay gap is 10%[13] , and the average

part-time pay gap is 34.5%It is estimated that for each year a mother is absent from the workplace her future wages

will reduce by 5%

FACTS, FIGURES, STATISTICS AND GRAPHS.

1 in 7 survey respondents (female students) has experienced a serious physical or sexual assault during

their time as a student.” The survey also said that most did not report the crime they experienced to the police because

“50% said it was because they felt ashamed or embarrassed, and 43% because thought they would be

blamed for what happened.

FACTS, FIGURES, STATISTICS AND GRAPHS.