Illinois Bureau of Water March 1999Environmental P.O. Box 19276Protection Agency Springfield, IL 62794-9276

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Consumer Confidence ReportGuidance Manual

March 1999

Printed on Recycled Paper

PREFACE

This guidance manual was developed to assist water supplies in generating an acceptableConsumer Confidence Report (CCR). The guidance manual follows a question and answerformat. It is organized in three sections:

Section 1 Background/Overview

Section 2 Preparing a CCR

Section 3 CCR Method of Delivery

Section 1 answers general questions regarding what is a CCR, who must prepare a CCR, whenmust a CCR be prepared and distributed, and what content is required in the report. Section 2discusses the information that should be contained in the four parts of the CCR (parts 1 and 2 aremandatory; parts 3 and 4 are optional but recommended). Section 3 discusses the method ofCCR delivery to water customers.

There are six appendices to this guidance document: (1) Appendix A – Interpreting MonitoringData; (2) Appendix B – CCR Certification Form which must be completed and sent to theIllinois EPA with a copy of your CCR; (3) Appendix C – Regulated Contaminants; (4)Appendix D – Health Effects Language; (5) Appendix E – CCR Template/Example; (6)Appendix F – Parent Supply / Satellite Supply Requirements.

The Illinois EPA has tried to complete as much of the report for you as possible by providing themonitoring data summary tables attached to your individual CCR letters. It is also our intent tocontinue to provide such tables to you each year for your use in the annual CCR preparation.The guidance manual has been prepared so that it may be kept in a 3-ring binder for futurereference.

It is strongly recommended that you read this manual first; then go through each question as youprepare your CCR.

Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) Guidance Manual

Table of Contents

Page No.Section 1 Introduction………………………………. 1

Section 2 Preparing a CCR…………………………. 4

• Part 1: Introduction, informationabout the water system, mandatoryeducational statements, andcompliance history…………………... 5

• Part 2: Creating a Table of DetectedRegulated Contaminants…………….. 16

• Part 3: Creating a Non-regulatedContaminant Detection Table……….. 25

• Part 4: Creating a Non-detectedContaminant Table…………………... 26

Section 3 CCR Method of Delivery………………… 27

Appendix A Interpreting Monitoring Data…………… A-1

Appendix B Consumer Confidence ReportCertification Form………………………... A-2

Appendix C Regulated Contaminants………………… A-3

Appendix D Health Effects Language…………………. A-4

Appendix E CCR Template / Example………………... A-5

Appendix F Parent Supply / Satellite SupplyRequirements……………………………... A-6

Section 1

Introduction

The guiding principle behind consumer confidence reports (CCRs) is that all people have theright to know what is in their drinking water and where it comes from. The CCRs provide anopportunity for water suppliers to educate consumers about the source and quality of theirdrinking water, and to involve them in decisions about it. The USEPA is revising its publicnotification requirements to speed up notification of serious health threats, and simplifynotification of other violations. Consumers who are familiar with the basic drinking waterinformation in the CCRs will be able to participate more effectively in these processes. TheCCRs will not only help consumers to make informed choices that affect the health ofthemselves and their families, they will encourage consumers to consider the challenges ofdelivering safe drinking water. Educated consumers are more likely to help you protect drinkingwater sources and be more understanding of the need to upgrade the treatment facilities thatmake their drinking water safe. Many water suppliers already distribute some form of CCRvoluntarily.

What is a consumer confidence report?

In 1996, the U.S. Congress and the president amended the Safe Drinking Water Act. They addeda provision requiring that all community water systems deliver an annual water quality report totheir customers. The law specifies certain content for the reports. The CCRs summarizeinformation that water systems already collect. You will not need to engage in any newmonitoring just for the CCR.

The report includes basic information on the source(s) of your water, the levels of anycontaminants detected in the water, compliance with other drinking water rules, as well as somebrief educational material. USEPA expects that most reports, not including the tables, will fit onone or two sheets of paper. There are four parts to the CCR: including (1) [Mandatory] Anintroduction, information on the water system, educational statements, and compliance history.(2) [Mandatory] A table listing all state and federally regulated contaminants detected during theCCR reporting year. (3) [Optional] A table listing all contaminants detected during the CCRreporting period; however, they are not regulated and not required to be monitored. (4)[Optional] A table listing all contaminants monitored for during the CCR reporting period, butnot detected.

Section 1

Who must prepare a consumer confidence report?

Every community water system that serves at least 25 residents year round or that has at least 15service connections must prepare and distribute a consumer confidence report. These systemstypically include cities, towns, homeowners associations, and mobile home parks. A communitywater system that sells water (parent supply) to another community water system (satellitesupply) must provide monitoring data and other information that will enable the satellite toproduce a CCR. If you are classified as a parent or satellite supply you will need to carefullyreview Appendix F to know your rights and responsibilities.

When must a water system prepare and distribute a consumer confidencereport?

The reports are based on calendar-year data. The first report will include sample data collectedfrom January 1, 1998, through December 31, 1998, and must be delivered to consumers byOctober 19, 1999. Beginning in the year 2000, systems must deliver reports for the previousyear by July 1. Parent supplies must deliver information to their satellites by April 19, 1999 andby April 1 thereafter. The two systems may enter a contractual agreement that could resultin an alternate delivery date of sample data to the satellite. A new community water systemmust deliver its first report by July 1 of the year following its first full calendar year in operation,and annually thereafter.

Section 1

What Content is Required in the Report?

Every CCR is required to contain the following items.

1. Water System Information• Name/phone number of contact person• Information on public participation• Information for non-English speaking population, if applicable

2. Sources of Water• Type and location of water sources• Availability of source water assessment, if completed• Source water susceptibility information, if available

3. Required Educational Information• Two MANDATORY educational statements regarding

drinking water contamination• Explanation of contaminants and their presence in drinking

water

4. Information on Compliance With Monitoring, Reporting, and Treatment• Explanation of violations including potential health effects and

corrective actions taken• Explanation of variance/exemption, if applicable• Warning for vulnerable populations about Cryptosporidium

and Radon, if applicable

5. Table of Detected Contaminants• Definitions: Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL), Maximum

Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG), others as needed• Likely source of each contaminant• For MCL violations: health effects language, explanation of

violation, and steps the water system took to correct theviolations

• Informational statements on lead, nitrate, arsenic,trihalomethanes, and turbidity, if applicable

If your supply sells or purchases water from another supply you will need to carefullyreview Appendix F to know your rights and responsibilities.

Section 2

Preparing your CCR

Essentially, the CCR consists of four parts: parts 1 and 2 are mandatory; parts 3 and 4 areoptional. The Illinois EPA recommends that your CCR include all four parts.

1. [Mandatory] Introduction, information on the water system, mandatoryeducational statements, and compliance history.

2. [Mandatory] “Water Quality Data” is a table listing all state and federallyregulated contaminants detected during the CCR reporting year.

3. [Optional] “Non-regulated Contaminant Detections” is a table listing allcontaminants detected during the CCR reporting period; however, they arenot regulated and not required to be monitored.

4. [Optional] “Non-detected Contaminants” is a table listing allcontaminants monitored for during the CCR reporting period, but notdetected.

The purpose of this guidance manual is to assist water supplies in generating an acceptable CCR.Since every water system is unique, the Illinois EPA can only provide guidelines and examplesthat will assist water supplies.

It is recommended that you read this manual first, then go through each question as you prepareyour CCR. This manual is intended to serve as a template that should guide you step by step.This document is available in electronic format (Microsoft Word 97, Word Perfect, and RichText Format (RTF)) upon request. If you would like the electronic version, please call the CCRCoordinator at 217/785-0561 or e-mail your request to (epa1140@epa.state.il.us). Additionalinformation on the CCR and related topics can be found on the USEPA’s website(http://www.epa.gov/safewater/ccr1.html.).

The best way to design your report is to review the enclosed examples, see what catches youreye, and copy it. A few other things to remember:

• Write short sentences. Keep your paragraphs short, too.• Don’t make your text too small. If you squeeze in too much, people will

ignore the entire report.• Give a draft of your CCR to someone who isn’t a drinking water expert and

ask them if it makes sense.• Be simple and straightforward. Avoid acronyms, initials, and jargon.

Section 2

Part 1: Introduction, information on the water system, mandatoryeducational statements, and compliance history.

This part of the CCR is mandatory.

Most of the work for your CCR is in preparing Part 1. Since every system is unique (i.e., sourceof water, vulnerable populations, monitoring requirements and violation history) each supplymust prepare Part 1 on their own. Over the next several pages, we have provided examples tohelp you through this part. In addition, two example CCR reports are located in Appendix E ofthis manual. We recommend that before you proceed, you review them. This will give you anidea of what is required and how it should look. You may also want to use these examples for areference when creating your own CCR.

To prepare Part 1 of your CCR, you will need to answer the following questions:

1. What would be a good title and introduction for our report?

2. Who would be a good contact for customers to call with questions?

3. Do opportunities exist for public participation in the decision-makingprocesses that affect drinking water quality? (i.e., time and place ofregularly scheduled board meetings) How can customers get informationon upcoming meetings?

4. Is there a large portion of non-English speaking customers?

5. What is the type of water (groundwater, surface water, or a blend) andwhere are the sources located?

6. Has a source water assessment been completed by the Illinois EPA?

7. What mandatory information has to be included in the CCR?

8. Have we had any violations during the CCR reporting period?

9. Do we have a variance or exemption?

10. Do we have a vulnerability waiver?

11. Did we monitor for cryptosporidium or radon?Section 2

The next several pages will assist in answering these questions with explanations andexamples. Let’s begin to answer the 11 questions and create Part 1 of your CCR.

1. What would be a good title and introduction for our report?

The CCR rule does not require the use of a report title; however, we recommend that you giveyour report a title that will catch the customer’s attention. You may call the report a “ConsumerConfidence Report,” a “Water Quality Report,” or choose another title.

Customers are most interested in a clear statement of whether or not their drinking water meetsall the relevant USEPA and state standards. Although it is not mandated by the CCR regulations,the most useful thing you can do for your customers is to begin the report by explaining the stepsyou take to protect their drinking water and whether the water meets all drinking water standards.

EXAMPLE: This year, as in years past, your tap water met all USEPA and statedrinking water health standards. Our system vigilantly safeguards itsgroundwater supply, and we are able to report that the department had noviolation of a contaminant level or of any other water quality standard in theprevious year. This report summarizes the quality of water that we provided lastyear, including details about where your water comes from, what it contains, andhow it compares to standards set by regulatory agencies. We are committed toproviding you with this information because informed customers are our bestallies.

2. Who would be a good contact for customers to call with questions?

You must include a name and telephone number of a person at the water system who can provideadditional information and answer questions about the report.

3. Do opportunities exist for public participation in the decision-makingprocesses that affect drinking water quality? (i.e., time and place of regularlyscheduled board meetings) How can customers get information on upcomingmeetings?

List any opportunities for public participation in the decision making processes that affectdrinking water quality, for instance the time and place of regularly scheduled board meetings. Ifyou do not have regularly scheduled meetings, you may want to tell customers how they can getinformation when meetings are announced. See the next page for an example.

Section 2

EXAMPLE: If you have any questions about this report or concerning yourwater system, please contact (give the name and phone number of a person ableto address the customers questions). We want our valued customers to beinformed about their water quality. If you would like to learn more, please feelwelcome to attend any of our regularly scheduled meetings (provide the date,time and location of meeting).

4. Is there a large portion of non-English speaking customers?

If your answer is no, you may continue with the next question.

For systems with large portions of non-English speaking customers, the water system informationmust include, in the appropriate language(s), the importance of the report and/or where to obtainadditional information. The determination to add a multi-lingual paragraph must be made by thewater supply. The regulation specifies that water systems must make a “good faith” effort for allconsumers to receive and understand the CCR.

EXAMPLE: Spanish--Este informe contiene información muy importante.Tradúscalo ó hable con alguien que lo entienda bien. (“This report contains veryimportant information. Translate it, or speak with someone who understands it.”)

5. What is the type of water (groundwater, surface water, or a blend) and whereare the sources located?

If your supply sells or purchases water from another supply you will need to carefully reviewAppendix F to know your rights and responsibilities.

Your CCR must include the type of water (groundwater, surface water, or a blend), including anycommonly used name(s), locations of your water source(s), and possibly treatment plants. Itmight be helpful, but is not required, to include a simple map of your system and its sources.

Explaining your various interconnections and back-up sources may be difficult, but it isimportant that consumers understand that the source of their water may vary during the year;deciding whether to explain a well that is only used a few days a year is a judgment call. See thenext page for an example.

Section 2

EXAMPLE: Our town uses groundwater provided by three wells drilled into theIllinois Prairie aquifer. An aquifer is a geological formation that contains water.

Well #1 is located at the intersection of Rural Routes 4 and 10. Well #2 is locatedat 420 North St. Water is pumped from both wells, blended together, and thentreated. Your home normally receives a mixture of water from both wells #1 and#2. We also have a third well, located at 120 Main St., which is only used foremergencies.

6. Has a source water assessment been completed by the Illinois EPA?

The Illinois EPA is in the process of completing source water assessments for all groundwatersupplies. Most likely, the Illinois EPA source water assessments will NOT be completed foryour first CCR. If your assessment is complete refer to part A, if the assessment is notcomplete refer to part B.

Once your assessment is complete, it will then be sent to your supply. Each source waterassessment will consist of:

• A delineation of source water area boundaries• An inventory of potential sources of contamination within those boundaries• An analysis of susceptibility of the water system to contaminants• A process for making assessments available to the public

PART A

The Illinois EPA is required to have all source water assessments completed by the year 2003.Once you receive your source water assessment, all subsequent CCRs must include:

• Notification to consumers of the availability of the assessment.• A brief summary of your source water’s susceptibility to contamination (based

on the findings of the source water assessment).

EXAMPLE: The source water assessment for our supply has beencompleted by the Illinois EPA. If you would like a copy of this information,please stop by City Hall or call our water operator at 555-555-1515.Information provided by this assessment indicates our water supply isvulnerable to contamination from synthetic organic chemicals used byagricultural companies in the area. Vulnerability also exists due toethylbenzene and xylene discharged from area petroleum refineries.

Section 2

PART B

If you have not received the source water assessment for your supply, we recommend the CCRlist all significant sources of contamination in the area. This will be your opportunity to educateyour customers about the impacts that they have on the quality of their water. Several examplesare included to assist you.

EXAMPLE: Due to the numerous farms and plastic factories in the area, it ismore likely that certain contaminants could be detected in our supply. Weperform many tests every year to ensure levels of contaminants remain belowrecommended levels.

EXAMPLE: Herbicides, such as atrazine, are classified as synthetic organicchemicals, and are used by area farmers. Another possibility of contaminationcomes from heavy usage of volatile organic chemicals, like dichloroethylene, byarea manufacturers.

EXAMPLE: In addition, some levels of radium are found in all rock formations.As water passes over the rocks, radium along with other minerals dissolves intothe water. Higher levels of radium are often found in deep sandstone formations(commonly found in northern Illinois) like our wells are drilled into.

If your supply sells or purchases water from another supply you will need to carefullyreview Appendix F to know your rights and responsibilities.

7. What mandatory information has to be included in the CCR?

Your CCR must include several mandatory statements. The items in this section are educationalstatements regarding commonly found drinking water contaminants. The language used in thefirst two items is MANDATORY and every CCR must contain these statements WORDFOR WORD.

1. Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected tocontain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence ofcontaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk.More information about contaminants and potential health effects can beobtained by calling the USEPA’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline(1-800-426-4791).

Section 2

2. Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water thanthe general population. Immuno-compromised persons such as persons withcancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organtransplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, someelderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These peopleshould seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers.USEPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infectionby Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from theUSEPA’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791).

The next two statements contain required information on the different types of contaminantsthat may be present in drinking water. The language provided is optional and be may revised.

3. The sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) includerivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs and wells. As water travelsover the surface of the land or through the ground, it can dissolve naturallyoccurring minerals and radioactive materials, and pick up substancesresulting from the presence of animals or human activity. Possiblecontaminants consist of:

• Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which maycome from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agriculturallivestock operations and wildlife;

• Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which may benaturally occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff, industrialor domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining orfarming;

• Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sourcessuch as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff and residential uses;

• Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatileorganic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes andpetroleum production, and may also come from gas stations, urbanstormwater runoff and septic systems; and

• Radioactive contaminants, which may be naturally occurring or be theresult of oil and gas production and mining activities.

4. In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, USEPA prescribesregulations that limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided bypublic water systems. FDA regulations establish limits for contaminants inbottled water, which must provide the same protection for public health.

Section 2

8. Have we had any violations during the CCR reporting period?

One of the reports the Illinois EPA has created for you is a list of violations that occurred duringthe CCR reporting year. This report is called the “Violation Report Summary” and is attachedto your individual CCR letter included with this manual. It is advisable to review this tablebefore proceeding.

If no violations occurred, you may move on to the next question.

If violations exist, you need to include them in your CCR. All MCL violations are included inyour table (Part 2 of the CCR) and do not need to be included in the informational part of theCCR. All monitoring, treatment technique, and reporting violations must be included in Part 1(informational part) of the CCR and include the following:

• A clear and readily understandable explanation of the violation(s);• potential adverse health effects (if any); and• steps the system has taken to correct the violation(s).

Examples of possible language for violations:

Treatment Technique Violations

• Filtration and disinfection (Surface Water Treatment Rule requirements) — Ifthe violation was a failure to install adequate filtration or disinfectionequipment or processes, or there was a failure of that equipment or process,include the following language:

Example: Inadequately treated water may contain disease-causingorganisms. These organisms include bacteria, viruses and parasiteswhich can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea, andassociated headaches.

Section 2

• Lead and copper control requirements — If the violation was a failure to meetcorrosion control treatment, source water treatment, or lead service linerequirements, you must include the relevant health effects language for lead orcopper listed in Appendix D.

EXAMPLE: The (supply name) failed to submit the required sourcewater and optimal corrosion control treatment recommendations by therequired date (insert date). The recommendation is an explanation to thestate of what the water supply plans to initiate in order to reduce theamount of lead and copper exposure to its consumers. Failure to submitthe recommendations in a timely manner has resulted in a treatmenttechnique violation for which we submitted public notification.

• Treatment techniques for acrylamide and epichlorohydrin — If you violatedeither treatment technique, you must include the relevant health effectslanguage from Appendix D.

Monitoring Violations

If your system failed to monitor during the scheduled sampling period and incurred anoncompliance advisory, you must describe what happened. Several examples are included:

EXAMPLE: The village water supply failed to collect volatile organic chemical(VOC) samples during the June monitoring period. The VOCs include chemicalssuch as total xylene, vinyl chloride, and benzene. Failure to monitor could allowtrace quantities of these chemicals to go undetected for extended periods of time.These chemicals have been associated with health related problems if the water isconsumed for extended periods of time. We collected the samples in October andno VOCs were detected.

EXAMPLE: The village water supply failed to submit required radiologicalsamples during the March monitoring period. Failure to monitor the waterreaching the consumer could allow trace quantities of these radioactive chemicalsto go undetected. These chemicals have been associated with the development ofbone cancer when high concentrations are ingested over an extended period oftime. We monitored in July and NO radioactive compounds were detected.

Section 2

EXAMPLE: The village water supply failed to submit the required number ofcoliform samples during the September monitoring period. Failure to monitorthe bacteriological quality of the water could allow contamination in the watersystem to go undetected. Bacterial contamination may indicate the presence ofdisease producing organisms that can cause an outbreak of waterborne disease.We are now monitoring as scheduled and no samples have been positive.

If your system failed to comply with the terms/conditions of any variance or exemption issued bythe Illinois EPA or the Illinois Pollution Control Board, consumers must be told. The followingis an example:

EXAMPLE: As a condition of the variance issued to our water supply on March3, 1987, we must inform customers quarterly of the current radium levels found atour wells. We failed to do so during the first and second quarters of this year.Our new water operator has since issued the public notice as required and willcontinue doing so each quarter.

9. Do we have a Variance or Exemption?

If your answer is no, you may continue with the next question.

If your system has operated under a variance or exemption at any time during the report year, theCCR must include an explanation of the variance or exemption. Include the following:definition of variance or exemption, date that it was issued, why it was granted, when it is up forrenewal, and a status report on what the system is doing to remedy the problem. If the publicmay participate in the review of the variance or exemption, include a notice about how toparticipate.

EXAMPLE: A variance or exemption is state or USEPA permission not to meetan MCL or a treatment technique under certain conditions. On January 4, 1995,our system was granted a variance from restricted status. A system underrestricted status will not be granted construction permits to extend their watermains. We were put on restricted status due to a history of chemical detection inour wells. We were granted the variance from restricted status since we havedrilled new wells that will be fully operational in the next six months.

Section 2

10. Do we have a Vulnerability Waiver?

If your answer is no, you may continue with the next question.

Supplies that have been issued vulnerability waivers for the monitoring of SOCs and/or VOCsneed to include an explanation of the waiver.

EXAMPLE: Due to favorable monitoring history, aquifer characteristics, andinventory of potential sources of contamination, our water supply was issued avulnerability waiver renewal. No monitoring for VOCs and SOCs is requiredbetween January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2001, (nor was it required for thethree years prior).

11. Did we monitor for cryptosporidium or radon?

If your answer is no, you are done with Part 1 of the CCR.

If the system monitored for cryptosporidium, but it was not detected, this section may beskipped. If the system performed monitoring that indicates the presence of cryptosporidium,either in source (raw) water or finished water, the following must be included in the CCR:

• A summary of the monitoring results. You may choose whether or not toreport the actual analytical results as a part of this summary.

• An explanation of the significance of the results. Tell customers if they needto be concerned by the information that the CCR provides.

EXAMPLE: Cryptosporidium is a microbial parasite found in surface waterthroughout the U.S. Although filtration removes cryptosporidium, the mostcommonly used filtration methods cannot guarantee 100 percent removal. Ourmonitoring of source water and/or finished water indicates the presence of theseorganisms. Current test methods do not enable us to determine if the organismsare dead or if they are capable of causing disease. Symptoms of infection includenausea, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. Most healthy individuals canovercome the disease within a few weeks. However, immuno-compromisedpeople are at greater risk of developing life-threatening illness. Immuno-compromised individuals are encouraged to consult their doctors regardingappropriate precautions to avoid infection. Cryptosporidium must be ingested tocause disease and it may be spread through means other than drinking water.

Section 2

If the system monitored for radon, but it was not detected, this section may be skipped. Ifmonitoring indicates the presence of radon in the finished water only, the following must beincluded in the CCR:

• The results of the monitoring (the analytical values reported by the lab).• An explanation of the significance of the results. Tell customers if they need

to be concerned by the information.

EXAMPLE: Radon is a radioactive gas that occurs naturally in some groundwater. It may pose a health risk when the gas is released from water into air, asoccurs during showering, bathing, or washing dishes and clothes. Radon gasreleased from drinking water is a relatively small part of the total radon in air.Major sources of radon gas are soil and cigarettes. Inhalation of radon gas hasbeen linked to lung cancer, however it is not clear how radon in your drinkingwater contributes to this health effect. If you are concerned about radon in yourhome, tests are available to determine the total exposure level. For additionalinformation on how to have your home tested, contact [insert name of healthdepartment or other source of local test kits], or call 1-800-SOS RADON.

Section 2

Part 2: Creating a Table of Detected Regulated Contaminants.

All the sample data presented in the table and footnote page should be verified against yourrecords. In some cases, a footnote may be incomplete. If a footnote is incomplete,information must be added. As we describe the requirements of the table and footnotepage, compare it with the table we generated for you to ensure all requirements are met. Ifall the data is accurate, the Illinois EPA table and footnote page may be used in your CCR,to satisfy Part 2. You may choose to create your own table rather than use the oneprovided. If you do so, all columns, as described must be included in the table.

This table is mandatory.

If your supply sells or purchases water from another supply you will need to carefully reviewAppendix F to know your rights and responsibilities.

The Illinois EPA has summarized actual sample data for your supply in a table format. This tableis called the “Water Quality Data” table and includes a footnote page titled “About the Data.”Both are attached to your individual CCR letter included with this manual. It is advisable toreview the table and footnote page before proceeding. Also included with the letter are twoadditional tables, a “Non-regulated Contaminant Detections” table and a “Non-detectedContaminants” table. These tables are NOT part of the “Water Quality Data” table and will bediscussed in Section 2, Parts 3 and 4, of this manual.

The “Water Quality Data” table identifies the highest level of each detected contaminant and therange of levels for that contaminant found during the CCR reporting year. For each detectedcontaminant, the table lists the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL), Maximum ContaminantLevel Goal (MCLG), and the known or likely source of the contaminant in drinking water.

If there are no analytical results for the report year, the table must show the most recent detect, ifany, from the last five years. The table must show the date of monitoring and include a briefstatement explaining that the data is from the most recent monitoring period. For example, ifyou monitor less than once per year (triennial frequency), the table must include results ofsamples collected during the most recent monitoring period.

Section 2

The “Water Quality Data” table MUST contain the following information and the next severalpages will explain each of these requirements as defined in the CCR rule.

• Definitions• Abbreviations• List of detected contaminants• MCLG column• MCL column• Level Found column• Range of Detection column• Violation column• Date of Sample column• Typical Source of Contamination column• Footnote page explaining table

Definitions

It is mandatory to include the following definitions. These definitions are defined at the top ofyour “Water Quality Data” table.

• Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): The level of a contaminantin drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health.MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.

• Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest level of a contaminantthat is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs asfeasible using the best available treatment technology.

The following definitions should only be included if your report contains information on acontaminant that is regulated by a treatment technique or action level. (i.e. turbidity, disinfectantconcentration, lead or copper)

• Treatment Technique: A required process intended to reduce the level of acontaminant in drinking water.

• Action Level: The concentration of a contaminant that triggers treatment orother required actions by the water supply.

Section 2

Abbreviations

It is mandatory to define the following abbreviations if they appear in the table. Theseabbreviations are defined at the top of your “Water Quality Data” table.

nd not detectable at testing limitsn/a not applicableAL Action LevelMFL million fibers per literTT Treatment TechniqueNTU Nephelometric Turbidity Unitsmrem/year millirems per year (a measure of radiation absorbed by the body)pCi/L picocuries per liter (a measure of radioactivity)ppm parts per million, or milligrams per liter (mg/l)ppb parts per billion, or micrograms per liter (ug/l)ppt parts per trillion, or nanograms per literppq parts per quadrillion, or picograms per liter

List of detected Contaminants (units)

The table must only contain data about regulated contaminants (contaminants subject to an MCL,TT, or AL) and unregulated contaminants for which monitoring is required by EPA or the stateunder 40 CFR 141.40 or 40 CFR 141.141-142 (the Information Collection Rule (ICR)).

A detected contaminant is any regulated contaminant detected at or above its minimum detectionlimit. This table must not include contaminants that were not detected. If you want to listcontaminants you monitored for, but did NOT detect, a separate table of non-detectedcontaminants must be prepared. The non-detect data is presented for you in the “Non-detectedContaminants” table (Part 4) and will be discussed later in this manual.

Any additional, voluntary monitoring for non-regulated contaminants with detections, are notrequired to be reported in the CCR, however, it is recommended. Again, if you choose toinclude this information in the CCR it must be presented in a separate table. This data ispresented for you in the “Non-regulated Contaminant Detections” table (Part 3) and will bediscussed later in this manual.

MCLG Column

See MCLG definition. The MCLG must be listed for any detected contaminants and it must beexpressed as a number greater than 1.0.

Section 2

MCL Column

See MCL definition. The MCL must be listed for any detected contaminant and it must beexpressed as a number greater than 1.0.

Level Found Column

In most cases, the “Level Found” is the annual average of all samples collected during the CCRcalendar year. The calculation process is described in detail in Appendix A (InterpretingMonitoring Data).

In other cases, the “Level Found” is determined by the following:

• Lead and Copper: include both the lead and copper 90th percentile value fromthe most recent monitoring period.

• Total coliform:-Systems that collect fewer than 40 samples per month: use the highestnumber of positive samples collected in any one month.-Systems that collect 40 or more samples per month: use the highestpercentage of positive samples collected in any one month.

• Fecal coliform/E. Coli: use the highest number of positive fecal/E. Colisamples collected in any one month.

• Turbidity: (if applicable, i.e., surface supply) include the highest singlemeasurement and the lowest monthly percentage of samples meeting theturbidity limits.

IMPORTANT NOTE: The “Water Quality Data” table for your supplymay not include the highest single measurement meeting the turbiditylimits. If it is not included, you must add this measurement to your table.A blank line has been included in your table so that this information canbe added. An example has been included in Appendix A.

• Information Collection Rule: (if applicable) The results of monitoring donefor the Information Collection Rule need to be reported only for five yearsfrom the date of the last sample, or until the detected contaminant becomesregulated and subject to regular monitoring requirements, whichever comesfirst. You only need to include results that have been validated.

IMPORTANT NOTE: The “Water Quality Data” table for your supplydoes not contain this information. You must add this information to yourtable.

Section 2

Range of Detection Column

For any detected contaminants, list the range from lowest to highest of all samples collectedduring that CCR reporting year. Two exceptions exist:

• Lead and copper - if applicable, include the total number of sites thatexceeded the action level during the most recent round of monitoring.

• This column does not apply to total coliform, fecal coliform, and E. Coli.This column should be left blank for these contaminants.

Violation Column

“YES” will appear in the table if a violation of an MCL, TT, or an action level exceedance wasrecorded for your facility during the CCR calendar year. As mentioned previously, the“Violation Report Summary” details the violations that were incurred by your supply during thelast calendar year.

If “YES” or “double asterisk” appears anywhere in this column, anexplanation will appear in the footnote section “About the Data”. If edits arenecessary, or you choose to create your own table explanations must beincluded in the footnote page. (Refer to footnote page for your “Water QualityData” table)

Date of Sample Column

Some of the data in the table represents samples collected within the last five years due totriennial monitoring or vulnerability waivers. If the table contains detection data that is not fromthe calendar year of the report, the table must show the date of monitoring. The footnote pagemust briefly state that the data presented is from the most recent monitoring period. (Refer toitem #2 in footnote page for your “Water Quality Data” table)

Typical Source of Contamination Column

For all detected contaminants, you must include the most likely source of contamination.USEPA’s intent is for this information to be as specific as possible. The report should identify aspecific point source, such as “Jay’s Hog Farm” or the “Super Shiny Paper Mill”. If you are notsure of the contaminant source, include one or more of the typical sources listed in Appendix Capplicable to your situation. Typical sources found in Appendix C have already been included inyour customized “Water Quality Data” table.

Section 2

Footnote Page for your Water Quality Data Table

It will be very important to provide an accurate, easily understandable footnote page thatexplains the data in your “Water Quality Data” table. The Illinois EPA has generated a footnotepage entitled “About the Data” which should contain all required information specific to yoursupply. However, if your supply had a MCL or treatment technique violation, the footnote pagewill be incomplete. If this situation occurs, the footnote page MUST be revised before it can beincluded in the CCR.

As you review your footnote page, the following items must be included when applicable. Ifyour footnote page is missing necessary information, it MUST be revised before it can beincluded in the CCR. Again, these statements have already been added to your Illinois EPAgenerated footnote page when applicable.

Item 1: State-Only Regulated Contaminants

If your supply has a state-only regulated (no federal standard) contaminantdetection, it will appear at the bottom of the “Water Quality Data” table. Thefootnote page should contain an explanation that the detection (or MCL) is astate-regulated contaminant and no federal standard exists.

EXAMPLE: Iron is not currently federally regulated, but IllinoisPollution Control Board has set a state-only standard of 1,000 ug/L. Oursupply’s current iron annual average is 1,300 ug/L. Excessive iron inwater may cause staining of laundry and plumbing fixtures. Iron at thelevel found would not produce a health hazard. Therefore, the consumerneed take no special precautions.

Item 2: Triennial or Less Frequent Monitoring

If you monitor less frequent than annually, an explanation must be given

EXAMPLE: The state requires us to monitor for certain contaminantsless than once per year because the concentrations of these contaminantsdo not change frequently. Some of our data, though accurate, is morethan one year old.

Section 2

Item 3: MCL or Treatment Technique Violation footnote statements

If your system had an action level exceedance, MCL or treatment techniqueviolation during the CCR reporting year, a “YES” appears in the violation columnof the “Water Quality Data” table.

When a MCL or treatment technique violation occurs, the Illinois EPA generatedfootnote is INCOMPLETE. You must add the following information to thefootnote:

• Length of the violation/exceedence;• corrective action being taken by the water supply; and• the mandatory health effects language. For your convenience, the

mandatory health effect language has been included.

In some cases, a “YES*” will appear in the violation column, but the level foundis less than the MCL. While the level found during the calendar year was belowthe MCL, a violation was recorded because the running average exceeded theMCL. The running average is determined after each quarter by averaging the fourmost recent quarterly results. In this case, data collected during the prior calendaryear caused the running average to exceed the MCL in the current year.Calculating running annual averages is further explained in Appendix A.

If a double asterisk (**) appears in the violation column, the level found is greaterthan the MCL, but no violation exists because the running annual average neverexceeded the MCL. A special statement is needed in the footnote page explainingthis situation; it has been included in your Illinois EPA generated footnote page.Calculating running annual averages is further explained in Appendix A.

Section 2

Item 4: Special requirements for Lead, Nitrate, Arsenic, Trihalomethanes, and Turbidity

Several informational statements MUST be included in the footnote page if thefollowing conditions exist and no violations or exceedence were recorded.

• Lead above the action level in more than 5 percent, and up to and including 10percent, of the homes sampled (only applies if your supply collected 20 ormore samples during its most recent round of monitoring).

Informational Statement: Infants and young children are typically morevulnerable to lead in drinking water than the general population. It ispossible that lead levels at your home may be higher than at other homesin the community as a result of materials used in your home’s plumbing.If you are concerned about elevated lead levels in your home’s water, youmay wish to have your water tested and flush your tap for 30 seconds totwo minutes before using tap water. Additional information is availablefrom the USEPA’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791).

• Nitrate above 5 mg/l (50 percent of the MCL), but below the MCL.

Informational Statement: Nitrate in drinking water at levels above 10ppm is a health risk for infants less than six months of age. High nitratelevels in drinking water can cause blue baby syndrome. Nitrate levelsmay rise quickly for short periods of time because of rainfall oragricultural activity. If you are caring for an infant, you should ask foradvice from your health care provider.

• Arsenic above 25ug/l (50 percent of the MCL), but below the MCL.

Informational Statement: USEPA is reviewing the drinking waterstandard for arsenic because of special concerns that it may not bestringent enough. Arsenic is a naturally occurring mineral known tocause cancer in humans at high concentrations

• Trihalomethanes above 80 ppb (the new MCL set by the Stage 1 DisinfectantDisinfection Byproducts Rule that is not in effect till 2001) but is below thecurrent MCL of 100 ppb.

Informational Statement: Some people who drink water containingtrihalomethanes in excess of the MCL over many years experienceproblems with their livers, kidneys, or central nervous systems, and mayhave increased cancer risk.

Section 2

• Turbidity - If you measure for turbidity, you must explain why.

Turbidity is a measure of the cloudiness of the water. We monitor itbecause it is a good indicator of water quality and the effectiveness of ourfiltration system and disinfectants.

• If your supply has a detection of a contaminant that is unregulated, but isrequired to be monitored, the following footnote must be added:

Informational Statement: A maximum contaminant level (MCL) for thiscontaminant has not been established by either state or federalregulations, nor has mandatory health effects language. The purpose formonitoring this contaminant is to assist USEPA in determining theoccurrence of unregulated contaminants in drinking water, and whetherfuture regulation is warranted.

IMPORTANT NOTE:

All the sample data presented in the table and footnote page should be verifiedagainst your records. In some cases, a footnote may be incomplete. If afootnote is incomplete, information must be added. Once data is verified andany additional information is included, the table and footnote page providedmay be used to satisfy all requirements of Part 2. You may choose to createyour own table rather than use the one provided. If you do so, all columns, asdescribed above, must be included in the table.

Section 2

Part 3: Creating a Non-regulated Contaminant Detection Table

This table is optional. It lists all contaminants that were detected during the CCR reportingperiod; these contaminants are not regulated and not required to be monitored. The Illinois EPArecommends that your CCR include this table, but it is not mandatory.

The Illinois EPA has electronically generated this data for your supply in a table format. Thistable is called the “Non-regulated Contaminant Detections.” It has been attached to yourindividual CCR letter included with this manual. If there were no detections of non-regulatedcontaminants the table was not generated. It is advisable to review this table. You will need tomake any necessary corrections and the table may then be used in your CCR.

Section 2

Part 4: Creating a Non-detected Contaminant Table

This table is optional. It lists all contaminants that were monitored for, but not detected, duringthe CCR reporting period. The Illinois EPA recommends that your CCR include this table, but itis not mandatory.

The Illinois EPA has electronically generated this data for your supply in a table format. Thistable is called the “Non-detected Contaminants.” It has been attached to your individual CCRletter included with this manual. It is advisable to review this table. You will need to make anynecessary corrections and the table may then be used in your CCR.

Section 3

Method of Delivery

Your supply must deliver a copy of its consumer confidence report to each customer. For thispurpose, “customer” is defined as a billing unit or service connection to which water is deliveredby a community water system. One of these options must be used:

• Direct mail the report to all customers.• Include the report in a monthly newsletter that is sent to each customer.• Hand deliver the report to each customer.• Include the report with the water bill.

In addition to sending the report to each billing unit or service connection customer, a “goodfaith” effort must be made to ensure all non-bill-paying consumers (apartment dwellers, etc.)receive the information. A “good faith” effort means selecting the most appropriate method(s) toreach non-bill-paying consumers. Those methods include, but are not limited to:

• posting the report on a publicly accessible Internet site;• mailing the report to all postal patrons;• advertising the availability of the report in newspapers, TV and radio;• publishing the report in a local newspaper;• posting the report in public places such as cafeterias or lunch rooms of

public buildings, libraries, churches, and schools;• delivering multiple reports for distribution by single-billed customers;

such as apartment buildings or large private employers; and• delivering the report to community organizations.

Systems that serve 100,000 or more people must also post their reports on a publicly accessibleInternet site.

All systems must keep a copy of each CCR on file for a minimum of five years. Copies of thereports must also be available to the public upon request.

Send a copy of your CCR to the Illinois EPA when you mail it to the customers. Withinthree months of the report’s due date, a certification of CCR delivery must be sent to theIllinois EPA. It is recommended that you send the certification form in at the same timeyour CCR copy is sent. This required certification form is located in Appendix B.

APPENDIX A

Interpreting Monitoring Data

APPENDIX A

Interpreting Monitoring Data

The “Level Found” column displays the annual average of all samples collected during the CCRcalendar year. In order to calculate the level found data, one of the following methods was usedbased on your individual system requirements. Note: If your system has several entry points (orTAPs), information included in the “Water Quality Data” table represents the data from the TAP thathad the highest values.

• Contaminants monitored annually or less frequently (triennial)

For systems with one sampling location (in most cases each active entrypoint or TAP), the single sample result from that location is used. Forsystems with multiple TAPs, the location with the highest detected level isused in the table. If a confirmation sample was collected, the confirmationsample is averaged with the routine sample. In this case, the samplinglocation with the highest average is used in the table.

• Contaminants monitored quarterly

For each location sampled (in most cases, each active entry point or TAP), aquarterly average is calculated using all routine/confirmation samples collectedduring the quarter. Next, an annual average is calculated for each location byadding the quarterly averages and dividing by four. The location sampled withhighest annual average is used in the table.

• Contaminants monitored two or three quarters per year

For all locations sampled (in most cases, each active entry point or TAP), aquarterly average is calculated for each quarter having sample data. Next, anannual average is calculated for each location by adding the quarterly averages,and dividing by the number of quarters tested (either two or three). The locationsampled with highest average is used in the table.

• Turbidity

When reporting turbidity as an indicator of filtration performance, systems mustreport the highest single measurement and the lowest monthly percentage ofsamples meeting the requirements specified for that technology. In some cases,the “Water Quality Data” table for your supply may not include the highestsingle measurement. If this is the case, you must add this measurement to yourtable. If the highest single measurement is incomplete, a blank line has beenincluded in your table so that this information can be added.

MCL MCLG LevelFound

Range SampleDate

Violation Typical Source

Turbidity TT N/A 99.7% 99.7-100 Soil runoffTurbidity TT=5 NTU max N/A 1 N/A Soil runoff

Example on calculating a Running Annual Average

The following example describes the calculation process for a running annual average. This exampleshows an atrazine running annual average that is calculated for two TAPs.

TAP 01 South WTP (ug/l) TAP 02 West WTP (ug/l)

Monitoring Quarter AtrazineQuarterlyResults

RunningAnnual

Average*

AtrazineQuarterlyResults

RunningAnnual

Average*Jan 1997 thruMarch 1997 3 NC 1 NC

April 1997 thruJune 1997 10 NC 2 NC

July 1997 thruSept 1997 9 NC 4 NC

Oct 1997 thruNov 1997 4 NC 1 NC

Jan 1998 thruMarch 1998 2 6.3 OVER MCL 2 2.3 Under MCL

April 1998 thruJune 1998 1 4 OVER MCL 1 2 Under MCL

July 1998 thruSept 1998 2 2.3 Under MCL 1 1.3 Under MCL

Oct 1998 thruDec 1998 2 1.8 Under MCL 1 1.3 Under MCL

NC = Running Annual Average was not calculated.

* The running annual average is calculated by adding the current quarter plus the threeprevious quarters and then dividing by four.

In this example, TAP 01 had the highest results; thus, these values will be used in the “Water QualityData” table. For TAP 01, no individual quarterly results exceeded the MCL during 1998; however,the running annual average exceeded the MCL for two quarters.

Therefore, your “Water Quality Data” table for atrazine would look like:

MCL MCLG LevelFound

Range SampleDate

Violation Typical Source

Atrazine 3 0 2 1-2 YES* Runoff from herbicideused on row crops

* In your footnote page, you must include the length of the violation, corrective action beingtaken by the water supply, and the mandatory health effects language.

APPENDIX B

Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) Certification Form

Send a copy of your CCR to the Illinois EPA when you mail it to the customers. Within threemonths of the report’s due date, a certification of CCR delivery must be sent to the Illinois EPA.It is recommended that you send the certification form in at the same time your CCR copyis sent.

The CCR certification form must be completed and signed by the owner or designated officialcustodian of the water system. If you have any questions, please call the Consumer ConfidenceCoordinator at 217/785-0561.

Mail to: Illinois EPABOW/CAS/DWCU #191021 North Grand Avenue, EastP.O. Box 19276Springfield IL, 62794-9276

Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) Certification Form

Please complete and return to: Illinois EPA, Drinking Water Compliance Unit #19, 1021 North Grand Ave.,East, P.O. Box 19276, Springfield, IL 62794-9276 (217) 785-0561

Facility No.____________________ PWS Name_____________________________________

CCR Reporting Year___________(i.e., for the first CCR, the CCR Reporting Year is 1998)

The community water system indicated above hereby confirms that the Consumer ConfidenceReport was distributed on _________________________(insert date or date range) to customers(and appropriate notices of availability have been given) in accordance with 40 CFR 141.155.The system certifies that the information contained in the report is correct and consistent with thecompliance monitoring data previously submitted to the Illinois EPA.

System-specific details on CCR distribution to customers are outlined below: (check all that apply)

____ The CCR was distributed by mail or hand deliveryIf the CCR was distributed other than direct mail/hand delivery, specify other direct deliverymethod. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____ Systems serving 100,000 persons or more, CCR was posted on a publicly accessibleInternet site (posted at________________________________________________________).

____ “Good Faith” efforts were used to reach non-bill-paying consumers.Those efforts included the following methods:

___ posted the CCR on the Internet at ______________________________________ mailed the CCR to postal patrons within the service area*___ advertised availability of the CCR in the news media*___ published CCR in local newspaper*___ posted the CCR in public places*___ delivered multiple copies to single bill addresses serving several persons such

as apartments, businesses, and large private employers___ delivered to community organizations.*

Signature of Owner or Official Custodian__________________________________________

Telephone number_______________________ Date________________________________

* Though not required to be included with this certification, if checked, you may be asked to provideadditional documentation or examples verifying statement (such as a list of organizations CCR was sentto or any newspaper publications). A request for any additional information will be made in writing.

This Agency is authorized to require this information under Illinois Revised Statutes, 1987, Chapter 111 1/2, Section 1004(H). Disclosure of thisinformation is required. Failure to do so may result in a civil penalty up to $10,000.00 and an additional civil penalty up to $1,000.00 for eachday the failure continues, a fine up to $1,000.00 and imprisonment up to one year. This form has been approved by the Forms ManagementCenter

IL532-2626PWS266 (3/99)

APPENDIX C

Federally Regulated Contaminants

Appendix CFederally Regulated Contaminants

KEY

ALAction Level pCi/l Picocuries per liter (a measure of radioactivity)

MCLMaximum Contaminant Level ppm Parts per million, or milligrams per liter (mg/l)

MCLG Maximum Contaminant Level Goal ppb Parts per billion, or micrograms per liter (Fg/l)MFL million fibers per liter ppt Parts per trillion, or nanograms per litermrem/year millirems per year (a measure of radiation

absorbed by the body)ppq Parts per quadrillion, or picograms per liter

NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Units nd Not detectable at testing limitsTT Treatment Technique n/a Not applicable

Contaminant MCLG MCL Major Sources in Drinking Water

Microbial Contaminants1 Total Coliform Bacteria

(collect 40 or more samples permonth)

0 5 % of monthlysamples are

positive

(collect less than 40 samples permonth)

0 1 positivemonthly sample

Naturally present in the environment

2 Fecal coliform and E. Coli 0 A routine sampleand a repeat

sample are totalcoliform positive,

and one is alsofecal coliform orE. Coli positive

Human and animal fecal waste

3 Turbidity n/a TT Soil runoff

Radioactive Contaminants4 Beta/photon emitters (mrem/yr) 0 4 Decay of natural and man-made deposits5 Alpha emitters (pCi/l) 0 15 Erosion of natural deposits6 Combined radium (pCi/l) 0 5 Erosion of natural deposits

Inorganic Contaminants7 Antimony (ppb) 6 6 Discharge from petroleum refineries; fire

retardants; ceramics; electronics; solder8 Arsenic (ppb) n/a 50 Erosion of natural deposits; Runoff from orchards;

Runoff from glass and electronics productionwastes

9 Asbestos (MFL) 7 7 Decay of asbestos cement water mains; Erosion ofnatural deposits

10 Barium (ppm) 2 2 Discharge of drilling wastes; Discharge from metalrefineries; Erosion of natural deposits

11 Beryllium (ppb) 4 4 Discharge from metal refineries and coal-burningfactories; Discharge from electrical, aerospace, anddefense industries

12 Cadmium (ppb) 5 5 Corrosion of galvanized pipes; Erosion of naturaldeposits; Discharge from metal refineries; Runofffrom waste batteries and paints

13 Chromium (ppb) 100 100 Discharge from steel and pulp mills; Erosion ofnatural deposits

14 Copper (ppm) 1.3 AL=1.3 Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosionof natural deposits; Leaching from woodpreservatives

15 Cyanide (ppb) 200 200 Discharge from steel/metal factories; Dischargefrom plastic and fertilizer factories

16 Fluoride (ppm) 4 4 Erosion of natural deposits; Water additive whichpromotes strong teeth; Discharge from fertilizer andaluminum factories

17 Lead (ppb) 0 AL=15 Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosionof natural deposits

18 Mercury [inorganic] (ppb) 2 2 Erosion of natural deposits; Discharge fromrefineries and factories; Runoff from landfills;Runoff from cropland

19 Nitrate [as Nitrogen] (ppm) 10 10 Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septictanks, sewage; Erosion of natural deposits

20 Nitrite [as Nitrogen] (ppm) 1 1 Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septictanks, sewage; Erosion of natural deposits

21 Selenium (ppb) 50 50 Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries;Erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines

22 Thallium (ppb) 0.5 2 Leaching from ore-processing sites; Discharge fromelectronics, glass, and drug factories

Synthetic Organic Contaminants including Pesticides and Herbicides23 2,4-D (ppb) 70 70 Runoff from herbicide used on row crops24 2,4,5-TP [Silvex] (ppb) 50 50 Residue of banned herbicide25 Acrylamide 0 TT Added to water during sewage/wastewater

treatment26 Alachlor (ppb) 0 2 Runoff from herbicide used on row crops27 Atrazine (ppb) 3 3 Runoff from herbicide used on row crops28 Benzo(a)pyrene [PAH]

(nanograms/l)0 200 Leaching from linings of water storage tanks and

distribution lines29 Carbofuran (ppb) 40 40 Leaching of soil fumigant used on rice and alfalfa30 Chlordane (ppb) 0 2 Residue of banned termiticide31 Dalapon (ppb) 200 200 Runoff from herbicide used on rights of way32 Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (ppb) 400 400 Discharge from chemical factories33 Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (ppb) 0 6 Discharge from rubber and chemical factories34 Dibromochloropropane (ppt) 0 200 Runoff/leaching from soil fumigant used on

soybeans, cotton, pineapples, and orchards35 Dinoseb (ppb) 7 7 Runoff from herbicide used on soybeans and

vegetables36 Diquat (ppb) 20 20 Runoff from herbicide use37 Dioxin [2,3,7,8-TCDD] (ppq) 0 30 Emissions from waste incineration and other

combustion; Discharge from chemical factories38 Endothall (ppb) 100 100 Runoff from herbicide use39 Endrin (ppb) 2 2 Residue of banned insecticide

40 Epichlorohydrin 0 TT Discharge from industrial chemical factories; Animpurity of some water treatment chemicals

41 Ethylene dibromide (ppt) 0 50 Discharge from petroleum refineries42 Glyphosate (ppb) 700 700 Runoff from herbicide use43 Heptachlor (ppt) 0 400 Residue of banned termiticide44 Heptachlor epoxide (ppt) 0 200 Breakdown of heptachlor45 Hexachlorobenzene (ppb) 0 1 Discharge from metal refineries and agricultural

chemical factories46 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene (ppb) 50 50 Discharge from chemical factories47 Lindane (ppt) 200 200 Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cattle,

lumber, gardens48 Methoxychlor (ppb) 40 40 Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on fruits,

vegetables, alfalfa, livestock49 Oxamyl [Vydate] (ppb) 200 200 Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on apples,

potatoes and tomatoes50 PCBs [Polychlorinated biphenyls]

(ppt)0 500 Runoff from landfills; Discharge of waste chemicals

51 Pentachlorophenol (ppb) 0 1 Discharge from wood preserving factories52 Picloram (ppb) 500 500 Herbicide runoff53 Simazine (ppb) 4 4 Herbicide runoff54 Toxaphene (ppb) 0 3 Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cotton and

cattleVolatile Organic Contaminants55 Benzene (ppb) 0 5 Discharge from factories; Leaching from gas storage

tanks and landfills56 Carbon Tetrachloride (ppb) 0 5 Discharge from chemical plants and other industrial

activities57 Chlorobenzene (ppb) 100 100 Discharge from chemical and agricultural chemical

factories58 o-Dichlorobenzene (ppb) 600 600 Discharge from industrial chemical factories59 p-Dichlorobenzene (ppb) 75 75 Discharge from industrial chemical factories60 1,2-Dichloroethane (ppb) 0 5 Discharge from industrial chemical factories61 1,1-Dichloroethylene (ppb) 7 7 Discharge from industrial chemical factories62 cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene (ppb) 70 70 Discharge from industrial chemical factories63 trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene (ppb) 100 100 Discharge from industrial chemical factories64 Dichloromethane (ppb) 0 5 Discharge from pharmaceutical and chemical factories65 1,2-Dichloropropane (ppb) 0 5 Discharge from industrial chemical factories66 Ethylbenzene (ppb) 700 700 Discharge from petroleum refineries67 Styrene (ppb) 100 100 Discharge from rubber and plastic factories; Leaching

from landfills68 Tetrachloroethylene (ppb) 0 5 Leaching from PVC pipes; Discharge from factories

and dry cleaners69 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene (ppb) 70 70 Discharge from textile-finishing factories70 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (ppb) 200 200 Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other

factories71 1,1,2-Trichloroethane (ppb) 3 5 Discharge from industrial chemical factories72 Trichloroethylene (ppb) 0 5 Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other

factories73 TTHMs [Total Trihalomethanes]

(ppb)n/a 100 By-product of drinking water chlorination

74 Toluene (ppm) 1 1 Discharge from petroleum factories75 Vinyl Chloride (ppb) 0 2 Leaching from PVC piping; Discharge from plastics

factories76 Xylenes (ppm) 10 10 Discharge from petroleum factories; Discharge from

chemical factories

APPENDIX D

CCR Health Effects Language

Appendix D

CCR Health Effects Language

Microbial Contaminants1. Total Coliform Coliforms are bacteria that are naturally present in the environment and are used as an

indicator that other, potentially-harmful, bacteria may be present. Coliforms were found inmore samples than allowed and this was a warning of potential problems.

2. Fecal coliform/E. Coli Fecal coliforms and E. coli are bacteria whose presence indicates that the water may becontaminated with human or animal wastes. Microbes in these wastes can cause short-term effects, such as diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They maypose a special health risk for infants, young children, and people with severelycompromised immune systems.

3. Turbidity Turbidity has no health effects. However, turbidity can interfere with disinfection andprovide a medium for microbial growth. Turbidity may indicate the presence of disease-causing organisms. These organisms include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that cancause symptoms such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea, and associated headaches.

Radioactive ContaminantsBeta / photon emitters Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit forms of radiation known as photons and

beta radiation. Some people who drink water containing beta and photon emitters inexcess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Alpha emitters Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit a form of radiation known as alpharadiation. Some people who drink water containing alpha emitters in excess of the MCLover many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Combined Radium 226/228 Some people who drink water containing radium 226 or 228 in excess of the MCL overmany years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Inorganic ContaminantsAntimony Some people who drink water containing antimony well in excess of the MCL over many

years could experience increases in blood cholesterol and decreases in blood sugar.Arsenic Some people who drink water containing arsenic in excess of the MCL over many years

could experience skin damage or problems with their circulatory system, and may have anincreased risk of getting cancer.

Asbestos Some people who drink water containing asbestos in excess of the MCL over many yearsmay have an increased risk of developing benign intestinal polyps.

Barium Some people who drink water containing barium in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience an increase in their blood pressure.

Beryllium Some people who drink water containing beryllium well in excess of the MCL over manyyears could develop intestinal lesions.

Cadmium Some people who drink water containing cadmium in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience kidney damage.

Chromium Some people who use water containing chromium well in excess of the MCL over manyyears could experience allergic dermatitis.

Copper Copper is an essential nutrient, but some people who drink water containing copper inexcess of the action level over a relatively short amount of time could experiencegastrointestinal distress. Some people who drink water containing copper in excess of theaction level over many years could suffer liver or kidney damage. People with Wilson’sDisease should consult their personal doctor.

Cyanide Some people who drink water containing cyanide well in excess of the MCL over manyyears could experience nerve damage or problems with their thyroid.

Fluoride Some people who drink water containing fluoride in excess of the MCL over many yearscould get bone disease, including pain and tenderness of the bones. Children may getmottled teeth.

Lead Infants and children who drink water containing lead in excess of the action level couldexperience delays in their physical or mental development. Children could show slightdeficits in attention span and learning abilities. Adults who drink this water over manyyears could develop kidney problems or high blood pressure.

Mercury Some people who drink water containing inorganic mercury well in excess of the MCLover many years could experience kidney damage.

Nitrate Infants below the age of six months who drink water containing nitrate in excess of theMCL could become seriously ill and, if untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortnessof breath and blue-baby syndrome.

Nitrite Infants below the age of six months who drink water containing nitrite in excess of theMCL could become seriously ill and, if untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortnessof breath and blue-baby syndrome.

Selenium Selenium is an essential nutrient. However, some people who drink water containingselenium in excess of the MCL over many years could experience hair or fingernail losses,numbness in fingers or toes, or problems with their circulation.

Thallium Some people who drink water containing thallium in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience hair loss, changes in their blood, or problems with their kidneys,intestines, or liver.

Synthetic Organic Contaminants including Pesticides and Herbicides2,4-D Some people who drink water containing the weed killer 2,4-D well in excess of the MCL

over many years could experience problems with their kidneys, liver, or adrenal glands.2,4,5-TP (Silvex) Some people who drink water containing silvex in excess of the MCL over many years

could experience liver problems.Acrylamide Some people who drink water containing high levels of acrylamide over a long period of

time could have problems with their nervous system or blood, and may have an increasedrisk of getting cancer.

Alachlor Some people who drink water containing alachlor in excess of the MCL over many yearscould have problems with their eyes, liver, kidneys, or spleen, or experience anemia, andmay have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Atrazine Some people who drink water containing atrazine well in excess of the MCL over manyyears could experience problems with their cardiovascular system or reproductivedifficulties.

Benzo(a)pyrene [PAH] Some people who drink water containing benzo(a)pyrene in excess of the MCL over manyyears may experience reproductive difficulties and may have an increased risk of gettingcancer.

Carbofuran Some people who drink water containing carbofuran in excess of the MCL over manyyears could experience problems with their blood, or nervous or reproductive systems.

Chlordane Some people who drink water containing chlordane in excess of the MCL over manyyears could experience problems with their liver or nervous system, and may have anincreased risk of getting cancer.

Dalapon Some people who drink water containing dalapon well in excess of the MCL over manyyears could experience minor kidney changes.

Di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate Some people who drink water containing di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate well in excess of theMCL over many years could experience general toxic effects or reproductive difficulties.

Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Some people who drink water containing di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in excess of the MCLover many years may have problems with their liver, or experience reproductivedifficulties, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Dibromochloropropane (DBCP) Some people who drink water-containing DBCP in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience reproductive difficulties and may have an increased risk of gettingcancer.

Dinoseb Some people who drink water containing dinoseb well in excess of the MCL over manyyears could experience reproductive difficulties.

Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) Some people who drink water containing dioxin in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience reproductive difficulties and may have an increased risk of gettingcancer.

Diquat Some people who drink water containing diquat in excess of the MCL over many yearscould get cataracts.

Endothall Some people who drink water containing endothall in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience problems with their stomach or intestines.

Endrin Some people who drink water containing endrin in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience liver problems.

Epichlorohydrin Some people who drink water containing high levels of epichlorohydrin over a long periodof time could experience stomach problems, and may have an increased risk of gettingcancer.

Ethylene dibromide Some people who drink water containing ethylene dibromide in excess of the MCL overmany years could experience problems with their liver, stomach, reproductive system, orkidneys, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Glyphosate Some people who drink water containing glyphosate in excess of the MCL over manyyears could experience problems with their kidneys or reproductive difficulties.

Heptachlor Some people who drink water containing heptachlor in excess of the MCL over manyyears could experience liver damage and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Heptachlor epoxide Some people who drink water containing heptachlor epoxide in excess of the MCL overmany years could experience liver damage, and may have an increased risk of gettingcancer.

Hexachlorobenzene Some people who drink water containing hexachlorobenzene in excess of the MCL overmany years could experience problems with their liver or kidneys, or adverse reproductiveeffects, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Some people who drink water containing hexachlorocyclopentadiene well in excess of theMCL over many years could experience problems with their kidneys or stomach.

Lindane Some people who drink water containing lindane in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience problems with their kidneys or liver.

Methoxychlor Some people who drink water containing methoxychlor in excess of the MCL over manyyears could experience reproductive difficulties.

Oxamyl [Vydate] Some people who drink water containing oxamyl in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience slight nervous system effects.

PCBs [Polychlorinatedbiphenyls]

Some people who drink water containing PCBs in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience changes in their skin, problems with their thymus gland, immunedeficiencies, or reproductive or nervous system difficulties, and may have an increasedrisk of getting cancer.

Pentachlorophenol Some people who drink water containing pentachlorophenol in excess of the MCL overmany years could experience problems with their liver or kidneys, and may have anincreased risk of getting cancer.

Picloram Some people who drink water containing picloram in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience problems with their liver.

Simazine Some people who drink water containing simazine in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience problems with their blood.

Toxaphene Some people who drink water containing toxaphene in excess of the MCL over manyyears could have problems with their kidneys, liver, or thyroid, and may have an increasedrisk of getting cancer.

Volatile Organic ContaminantsBenzene Some people who drink water containing benzene in excess of the MCL over many years

could experience anemia or a decrease in blood platelets, and may have an increased riskof getting cancer.

Carbon Tetrachloride Some people who drink water containing carbon tetrachloride in excess of the MCL overmany years could experience problems with their liver and may have an increased risk ofgetting cancer.

Chlorobenzene Some people who drink water containing chlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over manyyears could experience problems with their liver or kidneys.

o-Dichlorobenzene Some people who drink water containing o-dichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCLover many years could experience problems with their liver, kidneys, or circulatorysystems.

p-Dichlorobenzene Some people who drink water containing p-dichlorobenzene in excess of the MCL overmany years could experience anemia, damage to their liver, kidneys, or spleen, or changesin their blood.

1,2-Dichloroethane Some people who drink water containing 1,2-dichloroethane in excess of the MCL overmany years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

1,1-Dichloroethylene Some people who drink water containing 1,1-dichloroethylene in excess of the MCL overmany years could experience problems with their liver.

cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene Some people who drink water containing cis-1,2-dichloroethylene in excess of the MCLover many years could experience problems with their liver.

trans-1,2-dichloroethylene Some people who drink water containing trans-1,2-dichloroethylene well in excess of theMCL over many years could experience problems with their liver.

Dichloromethane Some people who drink water containing dichloromethane in excess of the MCL overmany years could have liver problems and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

1,2-Dichloropropane Some people who drink water containing 1,2-dichloropropane in excess of the MCL overmany years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Ethylbenzene Some people who drink water containing ethylbenzene well in excess of the MCL overmany years could experience problems with their liver or kidneys.

Styrene Some people who drink water containing styrene well in excess of the MCL over manyyears could have problems with their liver, kidneys, or circulatory system.

Tetrachloroethylene Some people who drink water containing tetrachloroethylene in excess of the MCL overmany years could have problems with their liver, and may have an increased risk ofgetting cancer.

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene Some people who drink water containing 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene well in excess of theMCL over many years could experience changes in their adrenal glands.

1,1,1-Trichloroethane Some people who drink water containing 1,1,1-trichloroethane in excess of the MCL overmany years could experience problems with their liver, nervous system, or circulatorysystem.

1,1,2-Trichloroethane Some people who drink water containing 1,1,2-trichloroethane well in excess of the MCLover many years could have problems with their liver, kidneys, or immune systems.

Trichloroethylene Some people who drink water containing trichloroethylene in excess of the MCL overmany years could experience problems with their liver and may have an increased risk ofgetting cancer.

TTHMs[Total Trihalomethanes]

Some people who drink water containing trihalomethanes in excess of the MCL overmany years may experience problems with their liver, kidneys, or central nervoussystems, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Toluene Some people who drink water containing toluene well in excess of the MCL over manyyears could have problems with their nervous system, kidneys, or liver.

Vinyl Chloride Some people who drink water containing vinyl chloride in excess of the MCL over manyyears may have an increased risk of getting cancer.

Xylenes Some people who drink water containing xylenes in excess of the MCL over many yearscould experience damage to their nervous system.

APPENDIX E

CCR Examples

This appendix contains two CCR examples:

1. A CCR in which the water supply had no violations, the supply has beenissued a Vulnerability Waiver, the Illinois EPA has completed the sourcewater assessment.

2. A CCR in which the water supply has incurred several violations during thereporting year, and the Illinois EPA has completed the source waterassessment.

These examples are intended to help you in preparing the first part of your CCR. The best wayto design your report is to review the enclosed examples, see what catches your eye and copy anyapplicable paragraphs. You may also use the examples in Part 1 of this manual to create yourown CCR. If you have any questions, please call the CCR Coordinator at 217/785-0561.

APPENDIX F

Parent Supply / Satellite Supply Requirements

Appendix F

Parent Supply / Satellite Supply Requirements

The CCR rule requires community water supplies that sell water to other supplies provide themwith source water monitoring data and other information. The satellite will then be able toprepare a CCR for their customers using the information from the parent supply. For the firstCCR, this information must be provided by April 19, 1998. For the years following, theinformation must be provided by April 1; however, the CCR rule does allow for the twosystems to enter a contractual agreement that would set an alternate delivery date for theparent supply to provide data to the satellite supply. If you choose an alternative deliverydate of monitoring data, both supplies MUST specify the date in a contract between the twoparties. This contract does not need to be approved by the Illinois EPA; however, the contractshould be signed by the official custodian and kept on file at both facilities.

The Illinois EPA has generated the monitoring data summary tables specifically for both parentand satellite supplies. The parent supply’s tables contain all monitoring data required for theirparticular CCR. Since the satellite’s tables only summarize the monitoring data collected by thesatellite supply, data from the parent supply must be included in the satellite’s report and tables.

Parent supplies are not responsible for creating the CCR for the satellite, nor are they responsiblefor providing data on contaminants that the satellite monitors for. Parent supplies are requiredto furnish data on detected contaminants that are monitored at the entry point (sourcewater) and any related compliance information (as identified in the CCR Guidance Manual;Section 2; Part 2 – “Creating a Table of Detected Regulated Contaminants”). Thesecontaminants would include:

• Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs)• Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)• Inorganic Chemicals (IOCs)• Nitrate / Nitrite• Required Unregulated Contaminants• If applicable, turbidity• If applicable, Information Collection Rule monitoring data

Other information the parent supply must provide to the satellite supply:

• All applicable information on type and location of water sources;• Availability of source water assessment and susceptibility information, if

completed;• Vulnerability Waiver information, if applicable;• Cryptosporidium, if monitored for (see Section 2, question #11, page 14 of

the CCR Guidance Manual);• Radon, if monitored for (see Section 2, question #11, page 15 of the CCR

Guidance Manual).

Satellite supplies monitor for the following contaminants. This monitoring data is not requiredto be reported by the parent supply.

• Total Coliform Monitoring Data• Lead and Copper Monitoring Data• Disinfection By-Products (i.e., total trihaomethanes)

Like the parent supply, the satellite supply is required to prepare a CCR and distribute to allcustomers. Using the information provided by the parent supply, the satellite supply shouldfollow the CCR Guidance Manual to create their CCR.

Some options the satellite supply may consider when developing the CCR:

1. In some cases, a satellite supply may contract with the parent supply to produce theCCR, since the parent may have more staff and resources available. Under thosecircumstances, it would be acceptable for the satellite supply to reprint the parentsupply’s CCR with a new title/letterhead and add any additional data.

2. The satellite supply may provide two tables of detected contaminants. One tablewould consist of the monitoring data provided by the parent supply. The second tablewould consist of monitoring data collected by the satellite. If this option is used, theCCR must clearly explain the relationship between the two tables (i.e., one tablerepresents data collected by the parent supply, the other table represents datacollected by the satellite).

3. The satellite supply may combine into a single table, the table of detectedcontaminants from the parent supply and the satellite’s table of detectedcontaminants. If this option is used, the CCR must clearly explain that part of thedata was collected by the parent supply and the satellite supply collected the rest.

Whatever option is used, satellite supplies are responsible for ensuring that their customersreceive a CCR containing all the required CCR content elements, regardless of who prepares thereport.

In order to make the CCR a useful tool, the parent supply must closely coordinate with thesatellite supply, and vice versa.