Construction sector / ICT / Linked Data

Key pillars for data integration in smart buildings and cities

10/12/2015 – Bruno Fiès – CSTB / Information Technologies Department

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The Scientific & Technical Center for Building

The CSTB missions: gather, develop and share with construction professionals the scientific and technical knowledge crucial for improving the quality and safety of buildings and their environment. Its professional support role is a priority, and the work it does is organized in such a way as to be accessible to all construction industry stakeholders and partners.

4 key activities - Research: Recognized scientific excellence at the national and

European level. Presence in European and international scientific networks.

- Expertise: Scientific and technical expertise in the field of innovation and prospective.

- Assessment: a stakeholder trusted by business and public authorities. - Dissemination: Supporting the professionals through dissemination of

knowledge and training.

Research Expertise

Dissemination

Assessment

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The Construction Sector in (few) figures…

… accounts for an estimated 40% of resource consumption. New buildings are representing 1% of the existing stock; A Positive energy building is yet a reality today; Smartbuildings are: • Consumers & Producers of Energy and Data; • Active component of a SmartCity;

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The Construction Sector and ICT…

STRONG Impact of the ICT identified through various studies ! • ICT HAS A PERVASIVE ROLE TO PLAY AT SEVERAL STAGES OF THE CONSTRUCTION

PROCESS ( SOURCE: “THE ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS MULTIANNUAL ROADMAP FOR THE CONTRACTUAL PPP UNDER H2020”)

• DESIGN STAGE • Building scale which settles more than 80% of the building energy performance. • City Design scale: City planners need adhoc decision tools with a holistic approach

taking into account these energy-efficient and sustainable buildings and districts.

• EXPLOITATION/OPERATION PHASE • The energy equipment must adapt to the new smart grids (Renewable energy use, Local

storage scenarios, Demand- Response, Load shifting, etc…) • Performance monitoring and continuous optimisation (based on information from building

embedded sensors AND information coming from other fields such as transportation)

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Smart districts & cities: key ICT challenges

Need for: • Having an integrated modelling of the district / city (incl. all buildings &

infrastructures); • Acquiring, analysing, managing (huge sets of) data / information – both

static & dynamic. Requires: • Collecting / structuring / sharing the information (data); • Delivering interoperability between the various services and systems; • Providing with the ability to deal with:

– Big Data & Connected objects; – Data access (along with data storage systems).

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SmartBuilding as a SmartAppliance…

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From Energy using or producing Products To have an abstract representation of an Energy related component at various scales

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The notion of Energy Node (E-Node)

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City

District

Neighbourhood Building

School Office Hospital Greenhouseetc.

Weather

Room

Energy Area

Urban Area

BuildingSection

Conditional Area

Building Complex

Installation

Geographic

Conditional

Energy

Environment

Legend

Building

(IFC:Zone)BuildingSection

(IFC:Space)Room

Sensor

Actuator

Installation Part

E-Prosumer

E-End Node

Installation

Weather

Installation

Geographic

Conditional

Energy

Environment

Legend

Appliance

Occupation

Building Facility Manager

Local ClimateCondition

- Expected Trend- Actual State- Realized Trend

Conditional Area

Building Operator

Dev ice

0..*

measures

affects affects

controls

E-Network E-Node

- ID- Location

E-Connection

- Flow- Capacity

An E-connection is created at the moment two E-nodes get connected.

Network Owner

+facil itator

2..*

1..*

1

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Odysseus key concept: dEPC

dynamic Energy Profile Card A generic information model dedicated to represent/express both static and dynamic information from any E-Node.

Dynamic Data (Measurements)

Static Data

Room

- ID- Type: :funct. type- Net floor area :m2- Max. occupation :count

E-EndNode

- ID

Separation

- ID- Type :Inside, Outside- Surface :m2- Orientation :?- Temperature isolation :W/m2/K- Humidity Isolation :?

Energy Consumption

- Time :timestamp- Type :Electrical, Thermal- Consumption :W

Location

- Longitude- Latitude

climate

- Time :timestamp- Temperature :°C- Limunance :lumen- Air change rate :changes/hour- Humidity :%RH

Weather

- Time :timestamp- Temperature :°C- Luminance :lumen- Radiation :W/m2- Windspeed :m/sec- Winddirection :°- Rain :Yes, No

Window

- ID- Surface :m2- Light transmission :?- Temperature isolation :W/m2/K

Shading dev ice

- ID- Light transmission :?- Isolation :W/m2/K

Shading Dev ice Status

- Time :timestamp- Position :%

Occupation

- Time :timestamp- Value :%MAX

Window Status

- Time :timestamp- Position :Open, Closed

0..10..*

1..*

1

1..*

**

*

***

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Need for interoperability…

… In order to establish connexions of the SmartBuilding with other Networks

(Electricity / Heat / Water / Waste /Etc…)

In Design Phase : The Construction ICT standard to support concurrent engineering

around a digital mockup (BIM) needs to be linked to other sectorial standards,

In Exploitation Phase: The need is to couple Automation /

management systems to measures, actuators, external sources and simulation/ prediction tools

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READY4SmartCities

CSA Project - ICT Roadmap and Data Interoperability for Energy Systems in Smart Cities

(DG CONNECT - Grant Agreement No.: 608711)

• Data Interoperability: identify energy-related vocabularies and ontologies towards dynamic and interoperable Energy Management Systems;

• ICT Roadmap: identify needs of ICTs towards holistic planning, design, construction and operation of energy systems for Smart Cities.

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Outcomes: Vision & Roadmap

Four main categories: • The Citizens as prosumers. • The Building sector with energy positive buildings acting as connected

objects • The Energy sector closely interconnected with the building sector at its city

scale systems and actively working in optimisation of the use of energy. • The Municipality / city-SCale able to combine the building Dimension

together with other dimensions (waste, public transportation, Health, silver economy, etc. )

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Results: Ontologies & Linked Data

Support the interoperability and exploitation of data by adopting Semantic Web standards and technologies,

• Identification of relevant energy-related ontologies & corresponding datasets => #70 Ontologies / 16 datasets identified

• Production of a set of guidelines to generate, publish and exploit Linked Data. => Available online • Support energy data interchange among the SmartCity communities => Alignments available

Linked Open Data Cloud

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Ontology Matching…

• Ontology Matching: Comparison of different ontologies in order to find similarities or relationships between the concepts.

Matching SAREF and IFC (the Construction standard)… • SAREF: Smart Appliance REFerence Ontology • IFC: “IfcOwl” = Translation in Web Semantic standard of the standard

representation used in Construction for Digital Mockup (BIM) • First version of an Alignment produced during READY4SmartCities (>70

concepts)

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Conclusion

Information systems • Systemic approach: system-of-systems, Holonic systems,… • Models & frameworks: BIM (and CIM!), CityGML, IoT,… • Information: massive data storage and manipulation, Open data,… • Algorithms: sensitivity, global optimisation methods, multi-criteria simulations… Need for integration & experimentation • Experimentation of innovative tools & systems across domains– in the context of the

enhancement of activities, missions and services provided by the cities • Live large-scale experimentations – with front runners cities / urban areas as potential

(“in-vivo”) living labs

Key game changing actions / radical innovation • Data models interoperability (integration) and aggregation (levels of districts,

communities, cities, regions, region clusters, etc.) • Data models transformation for visualisation with a citizen value

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More information & References

The European Construction Technology Platform (ECTP - http://www.ectp.org/)

The READY4SmartCities project (http://www.ready4smartcities.eu/) ECTP - Energy Efficient Buildings Committee https://www.linkedin.com/groups/3744557

The ODYSSEUS project (http://www.odysseus-project.eu/) BuildingSmart International (BIM & IFC) (http://www.buildingsmart-tech.org/)

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Thank you for your attention!

Mr Bruno FIES Research Engineer . Tel. +33 4 93 95 67 56 Email bruno.fies@cstb.fr

CSTB - Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment Information Technologies Department 290 Route des Lucioles - BP209 06904 Sophia Antipolis, France www.cstb.fr