CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION OVERVIEWOVERVIEW

What is your best source of What is your best source of information?information?

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StandardsStandards

29 CFR 1926 Construction Standard

29 CFR 1910:– 1910.119 PSM

CFR Part 68 112(r), “Clean Air Act”– 1910.119 PSM

Can a site fall under both the General Industry and Construction standards a the same time?

Discuss

Most Frequently CitedMost Frequently Cited

Handouts

Fatality InformationFatality Information

Handout

HAZCOMHAZCOM

“Right to Know” hazards of chemicals in workplace.

Chemical hazards communicated. Material Safety Data Sheet. One for all chemicals.

LabelsLabels

Identify chemical.Indicate hazard.All containers labeled.

Manufacturer LabelsManufacturer Labels

Material Hazard:

– HEALTH– FIRE– REACTIVITY

Contact Number Do not remove

Chemical Exposure First AidChemical Exposure First Aid

Remove contaminated clothing

Safety shower 15 minutes

Seek medical attention.

Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment

Foot - ANSI Z41.1Head - ANSI Z89.2Hearing - Eye & face - Z87.1Respiratory - NIOSHHarness, lifelines & lanyardsWorking over or near water

Other PPEOther PPE

Job specific: - hearing

- respirator

- welding hood/cutting goggles

- leather gloves

- protective clothing

- acid suit

Fall ProtectionFall Protection

> 6 feet– guardrail system– safety nets– personal arrest

Harness & lanyardAlways in manliftsLadders held & tied

Leading Edge WorkLeading Edge Work

Definition of leading Edge Exception:

– creates greater hazard

Holes

Fall Protection - Safety NetsFall Protection - Safety Nets

Safety nets and safety net installations must be drop-tested at the jobsite: • After initial installation and before being

used. • Whenever relocated. • After major repair. • At 6-month intervals if left in one place.

Safety NetsSafety Nets

Working > 25 ft above surfaceWhere use other safety devices are

impracticalNo work until inspected & testedExtend 8 ft beyond edge

Fall Protection - Safety NetsFall Protection - Safety Nets

Vertical distance from working level to 

horizontal plane of net

Minimum required horizontal distance of outer edge of net from the edge

of the working surface

Up to 5 feet 8 feet

5 to 10 feet 10 feet

More than 10 feet 13 feet

Working Over/Near WaterWorking Over/Near Water

Life jacket Inspected before and after each use for

buoyancy Ring buoys provided Lifesaving skiff

Fall ProtectionFall Protection

Harness & lanyardTied off aboveAlways in manlifts

Fall Protection - GuardrailsFall Protection - Guardrails

Top rail – 39-45” Midrail / Toeboard Intermediate <19” 200 pounds force

          

Fall Protection – Fall ArrestFall Protection – Fall Arrest

< 1800lbs arresting force

<6ft free fall Inspected before

each use

           

       

BarricadesBarricades

Purpose:– To warn others– Indicate danger– Keep people out

Types:– Tape (Red or

Yellow)– Wood– Fence

Falling Falling ObjectsObjects

Protection from impalementProtection from impalement

LaddersLadders

Inspect before use Firm support 3 rungs above work level 3 point climb Never carry materials

Scaffolding 1926.451Scaffolding 1926.451

Footing - sound & rigid Erection, moving, dismantled

or altered under direction of Competent person

Guardrail & toeboard > 10 ft Handrail & midrail 12 inch overlap of planking

Accident Prevention SignsAccident Prevention Signs

Visible at all times Danger:

– immediate hazard– red

Caution:– warn of potential hazards– unsafe practices– yellow

Accident Prevention SignsAccident Prevention Signs

Exit Safety Instruction Traffic Accident prevention tags

– temporary– tools– equipment– etc

PermitsPermits

Confined Space Entry Safe Work

Hot WorkHot Work

Work which produces fire or spark.

Welding, torch cutting, grinding.

Electric tools in hazardous locations.

Hot Work PermitHot Work Permit

Fire watch each level.30 minute check.Expires after 15 minutes if

unattended

Confined Space - DefinitionConfined Space - Definition

Large enough for entry .Limited or restricted entry.Not designed for

continuous occupancy

Permit RequiredPermit Required

Hazardous atmosphere .Engulfment hazard. Inwardly converging walls.Other recognized hazard

Confined Space LabelsConfined Space Labels

Excavations - 1926.651Excavations - 1926.651

Barricading Shoring Sloped walls Confined Space? Egress Ladder Ground Fault (GFCI) Keep dry Handout

Excavations - 1926.651Excavations - 1926.651

Examine for utilities Means of egress

– > 4 ft deep– < 25 ft of travel

Barricading Hazardous atmospheres Protection from loose soil Ground Fault (GFCI) Daily inspection - competent person

Inspect for what?Inspect for what?

Cracks - spoils 2’ backWaterCave-inLadderShoring/sloping/box

Excavation ProtectionExcavation Protection

SlopingShoringTrench boxSpoils 2’ back

Excavations - 1926.652Excavations - 1926.652

Exceptions to shoring:– entirely in rock– < 5 ft & ground examined by

competent person showing no indication of potential cave-in

Shoring & SlopesShoring & Slopes

Stable rock 90 degType A - 3/4:1Type B - 1:1Type C - 1 1/2: 1

Handouts

Steel Erection StandardSteel Erection Standard

Handout

Lockout, Tagout, TestLockout, Tagout, Test

Isolate all energy sources:– electrical– mechanical– pneumatic– chemical– any other

Lockout Tagout Test to verify isolation

Electrical SafetyElectrical Safety

GFCIGFCI

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters

All electric toolsConnect at source

Grounding & BondingGrounding & Bonding

Handout

Grounding– equipment– system to earth– grounding

electrode to earth

Bonding:– between 2

conductive objects

Tools and MachinesTools and Machines

Electrical cords not tapedUse the right tools for the jobBe aware of sub contractorsProtect others from flying particlesGFCI electric tools

InjuriesInjuries

Seek proper medical attention.Report all Immediately.EMS if necessary.Clean up blood appropriately.

RecordkeepingRecordkeeping

OSHA 300 log

Bloodborne PathogensBloodborne Pathogens

Diseases carried by blood or body fluids. Examples:

– HIV– Hepatitis B & C.

Exposure by contact.

Bloodborne PathogensBloodborne Pathogens

How to handle:– Assume all body fluids are infected.– Wear rubber gloves.

Bleach & water solution for cleanup.Red Bio-hazard bag for disposal.

Crane SafetyCrane Safety

Barricade hazard areas and post signs

Inspect before each useHand signals must conform

to ANSI standardSigns must be posted at job

site

Rigging - TypesRigging - Types

Alloy steel chainsWire ropeNatural & synthetic fiberSynthetic webbing

Shackles & HooksShackles & Hooks

Hooks:– safety factor of 5– safety clasp– rated capacity

Shackles

Wire Rope - “U” BoltsWire Rope - “U” Bolts

Never saddle a dead horse?

“U” in contact with dead end

Handout

Rigging - SlingsRigging - Slings

Inspect daily before useInspect:

– wear– broken or worn stitches– red thread– burns

Other

RiggingRigging

Does angle change capacity of sling?

Handout & discussion

Inspection & TestingInspection & Testing

Daily before use

Periodic

Operation of EquipmentOperation of Equipment

ForkliftsCranesEtc

Emergency PlansEmergency Plans

In writing Designated actions Fire & other

emergencies

ElementsElements

Escape procedures & route assignments Procedures for those who remain Accounting procedures Rescue & medical duties Means to report Who to contact for further information

Training

ExceptionsExceptions

Written plan not required if:– less than 10 employees– plan communicated orally

Industrial HygieneIndustrial Hygiene

AsbestosLeadSilicaWelding FumesOther Chemicals

PSM & RMP RequirementsPSM & RMP Requirements

Employer ResponsibilitiesContractor Responsibilities

Employer’s ResponsibilitiesEmployer’s Responsibilities

Evaluate contractor’s safety performance and programs

Inform of know potential fire, explosion, or toxic release hazards

Applicable provisions of emergency action plan

Employer’s ResponsibilitiesEmployer’s Responsibilities

Development of safe work practices;– LOTO– Confined Space Entry– opening process equipment– control over site entrance

Employer’s ResponsibilitiesEmployer’s Responsibilities

Periodically evaluate contractor performance

Maintain contractor injury and illness log

Contractor’s ResponsibilitiesContractor’s Responsibilities

Ensure each is trained in work practices necessary to safety perform work

Instructed in known potential fire, explosion or toxic release hazards

Applicable provisions of emergency action plan

Contractor’s ResponsibilitiesContractor’s Responsibilities

Document that each employee has received and understood training.

Ensure employees follow safety rules of facility

Advise employer of any unique hazards

TestTest