consolidated questions csqa

CSQA Raw Question Bank

QUESTION BANKCSQA

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Table of Contents

QUESTION BANK....................................13-25.......................................................3Page 32-34.......................................................4Page 38-40.......................................................5Page 47-48.......................................................6Page 73-75.......................................................7Page 76-78.......................................................8Page 90-92.......................................................9Page 96-98.....................................................10Page 105-107.................................................11Page 111-113.................................................11Page 117-119.................................................12Page 120-122.................................................14Page 123-125.................................................14Page 139-141.................................................15Page 142-144.................................................17Page 145-147.................................................19Page 160-162.................................................20Page 163-165.................................................21Page 166-168.................................................22Page 175-177.................................................23Page 198-200.................................................24Page 204-206.................................................25Page 234-236.................................................28Page 240-242.................................................28Page 243-244.................................................30Page 260-262.................................................31Page 263-265.................................................32Page 269-270.................................................33Page 274-276.................................................34Page 280-282.................................................35Page 286-288.................................................36Page 292-294.................................................37Page 298-300.................................................39

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Page 23-251. The effort required for locating and fixing

an error in an operational programa. Testability b. Maintainabilityc. Usabilityd. Efficiency

ANS: Maintainability

2. The contributors to poor quality in an organization are a. Lack of involvement by managementb. Lack of knowledge about qualityc. Time constraintsd. A and B

ANS: d

3. According to a quality expert, accomplishing quality requires “a thought revolution by management”. Name the quality expert.a. Dr. W.Edwardsb. Dr. Ishikawac. Dr. Shewartd. Harold.S.Geneen

ANS: b

4. Briefly explain the critical success factors for an Information system.

Objective questions:

1. The effort required for modifying an operational program.

a) Flexibilityb) Maintainabilityc) Portabilityd) Reliability

2. Definition of Integrity

a) Extent to which a program satisfies its specs and fulfils the user’s mission and goals

b) Effort required for learning, operating, preparing input, interpreting output of a program

c) Effort required to couple one system with another

d) Extent to which access to software or data by unauthorized persons can be controlled

e) All of the above

3. Achieving quality is easy. True/False

4. “Accomplishing quality requires a thought revolution by management” was said by

a) Ishikawab) Demingc) Harold S.Geneend) Dr. Barry W. Boehm

5. “Failure to enforce standards” as a contributor to poor quality belongs to which category?

a) Lack of involvement by managementb) Lack of knowledge

6. To achieve quality (i.e., defect free products and services), we require

a) Close cooperation between management and staff

b) Commitment c) An environment in which quality can

flourishd) All of the above

7. Quality is not a long-term strategy. True/False

8. PDCA cycle is developed by

a) Demingb) Dr. Shewhartc) Ishikawad) Harold S.Geneen

Subjective questions:

1. Briefly explain any 5 commonly accepted quality attributes?2. List some of the contributors, to poor quality in many organizations.

Key1-a; 2-d; 3-False; 4-a; 5-a; 6-d; 7-False; 8-b

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Page 32-34

1. Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC) are both necessary to make quality happen. Of the two QA is more important than QC A. TrueB. False

2. QC is a line function, performed by the same group that produces the goodsA. TrueB. False

3. QA is a management function A. TrueB. False

4. QC is a related to the productA. TrueB. False

5. QA is related to the process producing the product A. TrueB. False

6. If you make the process consistent, then the product produced by the process will be consistent. This is main aim behind A. Quality ControlB. Quality AssuranceC. Both of the aboveD. Neither of the above

7. Check for defects in product with the primary aim of correcting defects. This is A. Quality ControlB. Quality AssuranceC. Both of the aboveD. Neither of the above

8. Check for defects in process for the primary aim of correcting or establishing new process. This is A. Quality ControlB. Quality AssuranceC. Both of the aboveD. Neither of the above

9. List few impediments to implementing QC and QA in your organization.

10. Your company has been contracted to implement a major IT project for a leading financial institution. Your company has completed a 6 month long requirements phase and now must document all this understanding in form of the Business

Requirements document. The customer wants your company to provide a document that is non-technical and can provide the user a feel of the new system. Your company on the other hand employs a team of technical experts with a sound functional knowledge of the business domain to complete this activity. List some QC activities that your company must follow to complete this document?

Page 38-40

1) Quality principle ‘Appreciate those who participate’ is proposed by,

a) Edward Demingb) Joseph Juranc) Philip Crosbyd) None of the above

2) Identify the essential personal characteristic of one who evaluates another’s work.

a) knowledge about his goalsb) consistency of attitudec) purposed) all of the above

3) Which of the following does not belong to Joseph Juran’s ‘The Quality Trilogy’.

a) quality planning b) quality controlc) quality assuranced) quality improvemente) none of the above

4) Scope of ‘big- Q’ is,

a) coordination of various activities conducted in other functions and groups to achieve the organisation’s quality goals

b) specific departmental missionc) both A and Bd) none of the above

5) Explain about Philip Crosby’s Quality principles

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6) Explain about Joseph Juran’s Quality trilogy

Page 47-48QUESTIONS ON PAGES 47 – 48

Prepared by : J Mary PraveenaEmp No : 115812Pages from CBOK : 47 – 48

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. The broader classification of the functions in an organizational structure are:(a) Policy/Functional

particpants and Oversight/Operational particpants

(b) Policy/Oversight particpants and Functional/Operational paticipants

(c) Oversight/Functional particpants and Policy/Operational paticipants

(d) None of the above

2. The individual responsible for developing uniform policies and procedures to ensure that the agency manages its records/information and its information sources is the :(a) System Security Officer(b) Information Resources

Management Official(c) Information Technology

Manager(d) Project Manager/COTR

3. The individual responsible for the development of the Agency’s computer security program is the:(a) System Security Officer(b) Internal Control Officer(c) System Security Specialist(d) Internal Control Specialist

4. The Internal Control Officer is responsible for the financial management information systems. (a) True (b) False?

5. System Security Specialist is a post in the following function:

(a) Only Policy/Oversight (b) Only Functional/Operational(c) Both the above(d) None of the above

6. This individual is responsible for identifying the various alternate solutions to a problem(a) Information Resources

Management Official(b) Contracting Officer(c) Internal Control Specialist(d) None of the above

7. The Project Manager or COTR is responsible for

(a) Seeing that a system complies with the internal control policy

(b) ADP installations and operations of the angency’s programs

(c) Seeing that the system is designed properly to meet the Sponsor/User’s needs

(d) Developing uniform policies and procedures

8. The responsibility of the individual to seeing that the system complies with the internal control policy at the operational level belongs to(a) Internal Control Specialist(b) Internal Control Officer(c) Information Resources

Management Official(d) None of the above

SUBJECTIVE QUESTION

1. If you head a new organization coming up, what are the variuos job titles, you feel, would be needed and explain their roles and responsibilities.

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ANSWERS TO OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. (b)2. (b)3. (a)4. (a)

5. (b)6. (d) The exact answer is :

Sponser/User7. (c) 8. (a)

Page 73-75ISO 9001:2000 Quality

Model-------------------------------------

--

Objective questions:

9. As per ISO protocols, all ISO standards should be confirmed, revised or with drawn in

e) Every yearsf) Every 5 yearsg) Every 10 yearsh) As required

10. The ISO 9000:1994 family of standards contained -------------standards and documents.

11. Match the items in Tab A with Tab B.

Tab A Tab B1. ISO 9000 1. Guidelines for auditing the quality2. ISO 9001 2. Guide to implement quality systems3. ISO 9004 3. Describes quality models4. ISO 10011 4. Introduction and guide to use other ISO 9000 standards

12. The ISO 9001:2000 standards are based on ----------- quality management principles.

13. As per ISO 9001 standards, verify the following statements.

A . The top management shall demonstarate its commitment to meet customer requirements for

Their products and services ( True / False ).

B. The organization should determine and provide the resources needed to establish and improve quality management system( True / False ).C. The organization should ensure that all

processes are operated under controlled conditions and produce outputs that are consistent with organization’s policy and objectives( True / False )

D. The organization should define and implement measurement, analysis and improvement processes as a way of demonstrating that the product/service conforms to specified requirement.( True / False )

Answers:

1. b 2. 203. 1-4, 2-3, 3-2, 4-14. 85. A-True, B-True, C-True, 4-True


1. Describe ISO 9001:2000 Quality Management Model ? Assume that your organization is CMM certified. Do you still need to go for ISO standard quality models ? How will you implement the same in your Organization being a manager ?

Page 76-78Objective questions:

14. When was the ISO/IEC 12207 published

i) 1993j) 1994k) 1995l) 1996

Ans. 199515. What are the two types of reviews defined in

ISO/IEC 12207

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Ans. Joint technical reviewJoint management review

3. m) 1993n) 1994o) 1995p) 1996


1.Give an overview of ISO/IEC 12207 quality model2. What are the different points of view regarding software development as defined in ISO/IEC 12207 quality model

Page 90-92Page 90 -92

1.How you can improve the quality management in the organisation?(subjective)

2.Management commitment is the single most important requirement for sucessful implementation of .....................(answer - Quality Management)

3.Having management commitment does not guarantees quality management success but improves odds for successful implementation . (True/False) .(answer -True)

4.Top down implementation model(waterfall effect) is most successful model for implementing quality management.(true/false)(answer- true)

5.Commiting to quality management meansa.Understand the concept of quality management.b.Adopt behaviour to show quality management.c.Accept the need to change the perpective leadership.d.Provide funds for training.e.All of the above(answer -e)

6.What are the changes can possible if

management commitment is present in the organisation?(subjective)

7.Executive Management should developea.quality policyb.missionc.vision.d.goalse.value statementf. all of the above(answer -f)

8.As the lowest group to accept the process,middle management is the srongest link in the most quality management effort.(true/false).(answer(false).

Page 96-981. Which is the deliberate effort to praise

people for their accomplishments

a) Coachingb) Modellingc) Reinforcementd) None of the above

Ans C

2. Which is the best source of motivation that a leader can provide to his team

a) Coachingb) Reinforcementc) Modelingd) Training

Ans B

3. Employees know what is considered as praise (True/False) False

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4. Which is the first step in establishing the trust among employees in implementation of quality

a) Actively listening downb) Talking downc) A) or B)d) None of the above

Ans A

5. Understanding comes after behavior change (True/False) False

6. Developing a program for awareness training involves

a) 2 steps and 5 tasksb) 5 steps and 2 tasksc) 3 steps and 2 tasksd) None of the above

1. What are the practices that need to used in IT leadership?2. How do you prepare for an awareness training?

Page 105-107Objective

Toyota Production System is also called as

a. Just In Timeb. Join In Timec. Single Minute Exchange of Diesd. None of the above

How many steps are to be followed for assessing the organisation’s climate

a. 5b. 6c. 4

d. 7

Visiting other companies and understanding its quality process reduces the lead-time for identifying the quality process to be implemented in an organization. True/False

Subjective type questions

Your company is part of a corporate. There are few companies in the group of companies in the corporate that has already implemented quality processes. Your company is planning to implement quality process. As a part of top management what are the procedures you would follow to implement similar quality process in your organization.

Page 111-113

Questions for CSQA (Pages 111 –

113)

Objective Type Questions :

1. Which of the following is the most difficult of the decision making processes?

a)Authorityb)Voting c)Avoidanced)Consensus

Subjective Type Questions :

1.What points according to you the most important to ensure success of meetings?

2.What is a task force and what are the vital task force management principles?

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3.What are the important Task Force Organisation principles

4.Define the following: a)Vision Statement b)Goal c)Values d)Quality Policy

Fill in the Blanks:

1.Task forces are _______ important for decision making than for solving problems.

2. _________ and _______ are the two important principles required for successful task force usage.

True or False:

1.Too many members in a task for can cause organisational problems to the Leader.

2.More members in a task force can prevent synergy in task force.

3.A mission statement explains how to achieve a company’s vision.

4.Vision statement explains why a company exists.


16. The objective of constructive criticism is

q) to criticize some one on their bad worksr) to improve his performances) duty of the project manager

17. After criticism is made, what should be made with the candidate?

f) document regarding the bad work done.g) Contract regarding what will happen

afterwardsh) Agreed document between the manager and

the candidatei) All of the above

18. --------------------- is rated as the number one skill for a QA ananlyst

a) Analytical skillb) To find out the quality related problemsc) Quality controld) Constructive criticisme) Listening skillsf) Hearing skillsg) All of the above

19. How many channels exists for listening to a speaker?

e) 4f) 5g) 6h) 7i) 3

5. Whether it is a must for the listener to listen to all parts of speech??? YES /NO


1.What are the tactics used in constructive criticism?

2.Given a situation that your subordinate did not do well in his job. How will you tell him and correct him??

3. Briefly explain the channels of speech?

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Page 120-1221. Which of the following is discriminating

listening

a) Directed at selecting specifice pieces of information, not the entire communication.

b) Complete message with minimal distortionc) To put youself in the speakers situationd) To analyse what the speaker has said.e) None of the above.

2. Which of the following is Therapeutic listening

a) Complete message with minimal distortionb) Directed at selecting specifice pieces of

information, not the entire communication.c) To put youself in the speakers situationd) To analyse what the speaker has said.e) None of the above.

3. Which of the following help attening to the speaker

a) Maintain eye contgactb) Provide continous feedbackc) Periodically restate what was saidd) Concentrate exclusively on the speakers

communicatione) All the above

4. Which one below is not an attribute of executive management

a) purposefulb) Compententc) Analyticald) Decisivee) Meaningful

5. Which attributes were included in establishing status when equated to IT environment.

a) leadershipb) technical skillc) years of experienced) all the above.


1. Quality promotes turning problems into opportunities (True / False)

2. Customer will give up if complaints are not resolved within

(a) 4 Days

(b) 4 Months

(c) 4 Seconds

(d) 4 Minutes

3. Following is part of complaint resolution process

(a) Get on your customer’s wavelength

(b) Follow up with the customer

(c) Establish and initiate an action program

(d) All the above

4. Writing a successful report requires a clear understanding of both _________________ and _____________

5. A good report has no more than ___________ and _______________

6. QA report is designed to

(a) Convey information

(b) Change behavior

(c) Trace problem

(d) None of the above


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1. Briefly explain about Complaint resolution process?

2. List the tasks need to be performed to write a good report.


20. The scope of a IT Quality function includes

t) Supporting implementation of quality policyu) Reducing producer and customer gapv) All of the abovew) None of the above

21. When the quality processes are mature with defined ,improving work processes the focus of the quality function is on

j) Optimizationk) Product qualityl) Process deployment and compliancem) All of the above

22. Why are product inspections needed?

h) To find out the best worker i) To find the worst workerj) To assist the worker in improving qualityk) For objectively appraising workersl) All of the above

23. Which is the least important skill for a quality manager in the below list?

j) Verbal communicationk) Project managementl) Programmingm) Systems knowledgen) Knowledge of operationso) Written communication

24. Which is the best positioning of a quality manager?

a) Reporting to manager of systems/programming

b) Reporting outside the IT functionc) Reporting to manager of computer

operations

d) Reporting to IT manager

25. The quality function is normally the weakest when reporting to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

a) Manager of systems/programmingb) Outside of IT functionc) Manager of computer operations

7. Based on research from the Quality Assurance Institute the percent of quality groups reporting outside the IT function is 15%. YES /NO


1.List the contents of a quality charter.

2.Given a situation that you have to select a manager for your organization quality function list all the desired skills you will look for in applicants?

Page 142-144

Implementing an IT Quality function:

1. What are the steps involved in implementing a quality functions?2. List the activities that are to be performed in implementing a quality function.

Ans. Need to list all the seven steps in pages 135/136

3. How do you build support for quality?4. What needs to accomplish support for quality?

Ans. Refer to page 142 under tasks helpful in building support for quality.

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5. What is quality improvement program?6. What is key for success of any quality improvement program?

Ans. Refer to page 143 under four principles for success of quality improvement program.

7. The size of the quality function ideally will vary with the size of the organization

(True/False)

Ans. True.

8. List any five responsibilities of a Quality Manager.

Ans. Refer to page 143 last paragraph for responsibilites. There are more than five listed.

9. What is a check list. Why is it used?

Ans. Refer to page 145

10. What is a quality tool box? List any five tools most commonly used in IT.

Ans. Refer to page 145

Objective Type Questions

1. Obtaining and sustaining support for quality is an ongoing activity -

TRUE/FALSE.

2. Which are the following tasks helpful in building support of quality :

a. Teach a quality vocabularyb. Issue a quality newsletter

c. Staffingd. Meet daily on quality

3. In any organisation QA Analyst position will be

a. Part time staff positionb. Full time staff positionc. Not required at all

4. QA Analysts have to be trained quality functions : YES/NO

5. Which are following disciplines are helpful in performing the quality function :

1. Auditing2. Individual engineering3. SPC4. All the above.

6. Which of the below tool help people to determine whether a process is in control or not:

a. Run Chartb. Control Chartc. Pareto Chartd. U Chart

7. Which are following tools belong to Quality Tool Box:

a. Brainstormingb. Affinity Diagramc. X-mR chartd. Pareto Chart

8. Briefly define the larger quality functions organised under a quality Manager.

9. Which are tasks helpful in building support for quality ?

10 . Describe the various training methods for QA Analysts.

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Page 145-147

Knowledge Domain 5 – Quality Assurance

Part 1 – Establish a Function to Promote and Manage Quality (Page 5-11(145) thru 5-13(147))

1. What is the most commonly used / Powerful statistical tool?

Checklist

2. What is a simple list of questions that enables people to follow and verify processes?

Checklist

3. ___________ is a set of tools, which assists in defining, controlling and improving quality.

Quality Toolbox

4. List the tools commonly used by QA Analysts Brainstorming Flow charts Cause-and-effect diagram Hisograms Pareto Charts Control charts Scatter diagrams

5. List few plans, a quality manager can use for driving and continually maturing the quality environment Stay abreast with new quality practices Study the change in criteria for winning

the MBNQA Frequently review the quality

benchmark Obtain and Maintain quality related

certifications

6. How the role of QA changes as the quality function matures in an organization ?

Quality control to Quality Assurance to Quality consulting

7. Suggest another name for Independent Testing Department

Quality Control Department

8. Quality practitioners working in Quality control department are called _________.

Inspectors or Testers

9. What are the major activities in the ‘Initial’ phase of quality management maturation ? Perform Quality control activity QA activities focuses on process

definition- but not fully defines and follows the process

10. _____________ is the prerequisite to improved quality and productivity.

Consistency

11. What are the major activities in the ‘Intermediate’ phase of quality

management maturation ? Quality control becomes shared

responsibility of the customer, worker and QA analyst

Process definition and improvement are emphasized and performed

Quality function and QA analyst acts as a quality consultant

12. How does MBNQA program defines an organization which move towards

optimization?World-Class

13. What is the main identity of a World-class organization

Yield high customer satisfaction at minimum cost.

14. What are the major activities in the ‘Final’ phase of quality management maturation ? Workers are assigned responsibilities

for process definition, measurement and improvement

Role of QA analysts changes to performing Quality consulting to management and employees in promoting and implementing quality initiatives

15. What are the two major drivers that change the role of the QA analyst

Management Philosophy used in the IT group

Personal belief system of managers

16. In the ‘Initial’ phase of quality function maturation, what type of management exist?

Authoritarian

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17. When quality management philosophy matures, the organization moves from hierarchical structure to _________.

Teams (that are organized and empowered to define, measure and improve processes.)

Page 160-162Flowcharts

1) Flowcharts may be a:a) Simple High level process flowb) A detailed task flowc) Any mix of a and bd) All of the above

2) Flowcharts are useful to obtain knowledge of a process for improvement . It helps to document a process so that, inefficiencies and redundancies can be identified and reduced.

3) A process map is a more detailed flowchart that depicts:

a) Processesb) Relationship Between Processesc) Process Ownersd) All the above

4) Flow Charts should reference the following:a) Process owners, suppliers and

Customersb) Key deliverablesc) Decision pointsd) Interfacese) Task and Task Sequencesf) Policies, Standards, procedures and

Toolsg) All of the above

Benchmarking

1) The process of measuring how well a company’s products, services and practices measure against others is known as benchmarking.

2) Benchmarking can be done against partners who could be

a) Internal Unitsb) Competitorsc) “Best in class” or “best in breed” within

any industryd) Any of the above

3) The objective of benchmarking is to identify performance gap and to determine a realistic improvement goal.

4) List the three types of benchmarkinga) Process Benchmarkingb) Product Benchmarkingc) Performance Benchmarking

5) The defect rate of your organization is 3/ 1000 lines of code. You attend a vendor conference and there you find out that your competitor has got 2/1000 lines of code. Can you use this information to benchmark in your organization. Explain.

Answer: Yes. The information shows that there is a gap in my organization’s performance when compared against the industry. I would then initiate a benchmarking process that would comprise of the following phases: planning phase, analysis phase, integration phase, action phase. ( Refer to CBOK page 162 to write in brief on these phases)

Page 163-165Pages 163 – 165

1) Matris is a a) Problem Solving Techniqueb) Problem Identifying Techniquec) Problem Cause Identifying Techniqued) Ranking Technique

2) Matrix is also known as _____________ and _____________

3) The two common types of Matrices area) L-Type and X-Typeb) X-Type and V-Typec) L-Type and T-Typed) T-Type and X-Type

4) L-Type matrix comparesa) 2 sets of items b) 3 sets of itemsc) none of the above

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5) The Principal Developer of QFD (Quality Function Deployment) isa) Dr. W. Edwards Demingb) Dr. Joseph Juranc) William Scherkenbachd) Dr. Yoji Akaoe) Dr. Harold S. Geneenf) None of the above

6) Quality System is an Organized approach to qaulity with ___________ , __________ and _________

7) Comprehensive Quality Deployment includes __________ , _________ , _________ and __________

1) What are the steps involved to produce L-Type and T-Type Matrices ?

2) Write in detail the different deployments within QFD.


26. The Quality Function Deployment is developed by

x) Joseph Jurany) Dr Demingz) Dr. Yoji Akao27. QFD covers all special concerns of software

organization and its customers with

n) Fundamental deploymentso) Horizontal deploymentsp) Vertical deploymentsq) All of the abover) None of the above

28. Information deployment handles

m) Information aspects of product and servicesn) Hardware aspects of product and services.o) Daily activities required to satisfy

customers.p) All of the aboveq) None of the above

29. Functional deployment handlesa) Information aspects of product and servicesb) Hardware aspects of product and servicesc) Daily activities required to satisfy

customersd) All of the abover) None of the above


1.Describe in detail fundamental, horizontal and vertical deployments in QFD ? 2. Briefly explain the Playscript tool used in quality asssurance?

Page 175-177

1. Scatter plots are used for a. Problem solving and understanding b. Cause and effect relationships c. Test influence of one variable over the other. d. All of the above Answer - d

2. Which of the following use Scatterplots a. Defect level vs.Skills b. Cost vs time c. change response d. Defect level vs Complexity e. All of the above Answer - a,b,d

3. The following are not types of scatter plots a. Positive b. Negative c. Zero d. Non zero Answer - d

4. Which of the following are graphical presentation tools.

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a. Table b. Pie chart c. Scatter plot d. Bar chart e. None of the above Answer - a,b,d

5. Which of the following charts show direction of events a. Bar chart b. Run chart c. Line chart d. Table Answer: c

6. Line charts can be used for the following: a. Like units b. Like periods c. Like variables d. Related or fixed variables. Answer: a,b,d

7. The following are 2D charts: a. Bar charts b. Line chart c. Run chart d. Control chart Answer: a

8. Data precision is not highly required for a. Line chart b. Control chart c. Bar chart d. pie chart Answer: d

9. Which of the following chart represents data in percentage a. stem and leaf chart b. Bar chart c. Pie chart d. Line chart Answer: c

10. Stem and leaf chart is a variation of a. Line chart b. Pie chart

c. Bar chart d. Control chart e. None of the above Answer: c

11. It is practical to use stem and leaf charts when absolute no of values is a. High(More than 100) b. Low (Usually 100 or less) c. Zero d. None of the above Answer: b

Page 198-200\Explain various testing stages in a structured s/w development process?.

Explain the benefits of Independent testing?.What is Statis and Dynamic testing?. Explain briefly with few examples.?What are the responsibilities of a Test engineers?.What are the responsibilities of a Test managers?.

Page 204-206KNOWLEDGE DOMAIN – 6

PART 3 - VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION TECHNIQUES

1. Verification is a(a) Static Analysis(b) Dynamic Analysis(c) None of the above

2. Validation is a(a) Static Analysis(b) Dynamic Analysis(c) None of the above

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3. Testing performed by organizations other than the developer is (a) Unit testing (b) Integration testing (c) System testing(d) Acceptance testing(e) Independent testing

4. “Validate that the functions meet stated requirements” is (a) Unit testing(b) Integration testing(c) System testing(d) Acceptance testing(e) Independent testing

5. “Validate that all units work together according to the system design” is(a) Unit testing(b) Integration testing(c) System testing(d) Acceptance testing(e) Independent testing

6. “Validate that system meets the needs of the business” is

(a) Unit testing(b) Integration testing(c) System testing(d) Acceptance testing(e) Independent testing

7. “Incremental testing” means (a) White Box testing (b) Black Box testing (c) Top-down testing (d) Regression testing (e) Independent testing

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8. “Data driven testing may be called as (a) White Box testing (b) Black Box testing (c) Regression testing(d) Independent testing

9. “Incremental testing” means (f) White Box testing (g) Black Box testing (h) Top-down testing (i) Regression testing (j) Independent testing

10. Logic driven testing may be called as

(k) White Box testing (l) Black Box testing (m) Top-down testing (n) Regression testing (o) Independent testing

11. Verification should be performed for (a) requirements(b) design(c) code construction (d) operation / maintenance(e) all of the above

12. Validation is mostly used to determine the _______ of the final software / program(a) Correctness(b) Completeness(c) Consistency(d) Quality

13. Verification is mostly used to determine the _________ (effectiveness / completeness) of the software

14. For small programs, verification is the process of determining the correspondence between a

program and its specifications

True / False

15. Verification techniques are(a) Program testing (b) Static analysis(c) Dynamic analysis(d) B & c only(e) All of the above

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16. What is the difference between verification and validation?

Verification: The process of confirming that interim deliverables have been developed according to their inputs, process specifications, and standards.

Validation: The end product meets requirements and expectations under defined operating conditions. The end product is typically an executable code

17. What are the various verification techniques?

Feasibility reviews Requirement

reviews Design reviews Code walkthroughs Code

inspections(Fahan) or structured walkthroughs(Yourdon)

Requirement tracing

18. What are the various validation techniques?

White box Black box Incremental testing Thread test

technique Regression testing

Page 234-236Pages 234 - 236

Questions : Subjective Type

1.What are the considerations to be taken into account for developing testing tactics.2.Write down Characteristics and Test Tactics for Different Project Types.3.How many software system types are there? Mention those different software system types.

Page 240-242Objective Questions.

1. As part of configuration management, small changes need not be documented and controlled.a. True.b. False.

2. Someone independent of the team that designed the change should be involved in testing the final revised program.a. True.b. False.

3. The primary goal of defect management.a. Defect correction.b. Defect prevention.c. Defect reduction.d. All of the above.

4. The defect management, unlike the entire s/w development process need not be risk driven.a. True.b. False.

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5. The general principles of recording management includes,a. Preventing defects.b. Capture and analysis of

information should be automated.c. Should focus on the person who

caused the defect.d. Defect information should be

used to improve process.

6. The main purpose of recording defects are,a. To ensure the defect is corrected.b. To gather statistics used to

develop defect expectations in future applications.

c. To go for continuous improvement.

d. All of the above.

7. Severity of defects should be assigned subjectively, whereas priority should be assigned objectively.a. True.b. False.

Subjective Questions.

1. You are in the process of selecting a tool for defects tracking. Include all the fields that you feel should be present at the minimum in the defect log.

Page 243-244Pages 243-244

1) How many steps will be there in simple Defect Tracking Process (DTP).

a) 2

b) 3c) 4d) Just one

2) From the following what are the steps in DTP.

a) Execute test and log any discrepanciesb) Draw Fish bone diagramc) Assign defect to a developerd) Do causal analysis

3) What are the recommended levels to ‘Prioritize the correction’

a) Criticalb) Majorc) Minord) Oversight or inadequate self review

4) Test reports issued periodically include ----------- by severity or priority

a) Summary of all the defects foundb) Summary of all closed defects c) Summary of all open defectsd) None of the above

5) Test reports are issued to

a) Team aloneb) Team and Management c) Management aloned) None of the above

6) Test reports are issued

a) Periodically throughout the testing process

b) At the end of testing processc) Once in a monthd) Once in the lifetime of a project

7) Defects can also be used for Process

ImprovementTrue / False

8) Today many organizations use defects for Process Improvement

True / False

9) Based on research team findings, using defects for Process Improvement should include the following

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a) Go back to the person who did coding

b) Go back to the process that originated the defect to understand what caused the defect

c) Go to the other project to know how they dealt with that problem

d) Go back to the verification and validation process, which should have caught them earlier

10) Human factors dimension alone can have a very large impact on the effectiveness of the review process

True/False

Answers

1: C2: A and C3:A, B and C4: C5:B6:A7:True8: False9: B and D10:True

Page 260-262

7) Standard states,

e) what must happen to meet the intent of the policy

f) how to meet the requirementsg) both A and Bh) None of the above

8) Standards convert intentions into specific rules ( true / false )

9) Standards must be,

f) measurable g) attainableh) necessaryi) nice to havej) all the above

10) Each unit of data information referenced in the requirements specification must be described in the data dictionary ( true / false )

11) Which of the following determines standards

a) customer requirementsb) internal requirementsc) cost and schedule requirementsd) all the above

12) which of the following is true

a) procedures are not always required and unless critical, should be minimised

b) skill set and knowledge requirements are prerequisites for performing the procedure

c) if the procedures are followed ALWAYS standards will be automatically met

d) none of the above

13) Controls should be designed based on the criticality of the process and what needs to be checked ( true / false )

14) Quality control procedures are

a) preventive costsb) appraisal costsc) failure costsd) none of the above

Page 263-265

15) Which are not a main category of control method

i) automaticj) self-checkingk) peer reviewsl) supervisorym) third partyn) none of the above

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16) Measurement provides quantitative feedback to an organisation about whether it is achieving its goals and moving towards its results ( true / false )

17) The purpose of process improvement is

a) to change the processb) to reduce the frequency of defects

including process ineffectivenessc) both a and bd) none of the above

18) Process improvement uses facts(measurement results) to identify the root causes of problems ( true / false )

19) The long range objective for process improvement is to

a) eliminate the need for quality assurance activities

b) eliminate the need for quality control activities

c) both a and b d) none of the above

Page 269-270

IDENTIFY AND IMPROVE THE PROCESS

Assess the Process

1. Why should the measurement system, used to assess the process, be evaluated ?2. What are the various tools that can be used to baseline the process inputs and outputs ?3. If the control limits are within the specification limits, the process is capable of satisfying the customer. True/False.4. What needs to be done if the control limits are not within the specification limits ?

5. Name a few tools that help in change of process location and reduction in variations.

IMPROVE THE PROCESS

1. Name the steps involved in improving a process.

Brainstorm for improvement

1. What kind of information should be reviewed during the brainstorming session ?

Plan how to test proposed improvements

1. A _________ is created in this step.2. What kind of information is present in the process improvement plan ?3. Does the process improvement plan need approval ? If yes, who approves it ?

Analyse results

1. Does the process improvement plan get reviewed ?2. When and who reviews this plan ?3. What are the tools used to analyse the results ?

Compare results

1. What are the various tools that help to compare results ?2. With what are the results compared against ?3. What can be deduced from the comparison reports ?

Change process or redo steps 4-8

1. When can the change recommended in the process improvement plan be implemented ?

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Page 274-276Question Bank for pages 274-276: -

Knowledge Domain 8 – Quantitative Methods.

Part 1 – Measurement Concepts.

Objective Questions: -

1) Measure is the basic building block for measurement program.

2) Metrics is a derived unit of measurement

3) What are the two types of measurement? Objective and Subjective Measurement

4) Objective measurement uses hard data that can be obtained by counting, weighing etc.

5) Subjective measurement is normally observed or perceived

6) What is Nominal data?Nominal data cannot be subjected to arithmetic operations of any type and the values cannot be ranked in any natural order.

7) What is Ordinal data?Ordinal data can be ranked, but differences or ratios between values are not meaningful.

8) What is interval data?Interval data can be ranked and can exhibit meaningful differences between values

9) Give an example for interval data?T.J. McCabe’s complexity metric is an example for interval data.

10)What is Ratio Data?Ratio data has absolute zero and meaningful ratios can be calculated.

11) For what are the measurement dashboards or key indicators used for?

Measurement dashboards or key indicators are used to monitor progress and to initiate change.

12)Before approving for use, what are the tests that the measures and metrics has to undergo?1) Reliability – Refers to the

consistency of measurement2) Validity – indicates the degree

to which a measure actually measures

3) Ease of Use and Simplicity4) Timeliness – Refers whether the

information can be reported in sufficient time to impact the decisions needed to manage effectively

5) Calibration - indicates the modification of a measurement so it becomes more valid

13)How to know a measurement is good?The measures and the resulting metrics should be

1) simple and precisely definable

2) Objective3) Easily Obtainable at

reasonable cost4) Valid, measuring what they

are intended to measure5) Robust, being relatively

insensitive to intuitively small changes in the process or product

Page 280-2821) Give 2 examples of metrics for complexity

measurement s?a) Cyclomatic complexityb) Knots

2) Explain cyclomatic complexitya) Given any computer program, draw its

control flow graph, G, where each node corresponds to a block of sequential code and each edge corresponds to a branch or decision point in the program. The Cyclomatic complexity of such a graph can be computed by a simple formula from graph theory, as V (G)=e-

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n+2, where e is the number of edges, and n is the no. of nodes in the graph.

3) Explain Knotsa) This is calculated by drawing the

program control flow graph with a node for every statement or block of sequential statements. A knot is defined as a necessary crossing of directional lines in the graph. The same phenomenon can be observed by drawing transfer-of-control lines from statement to statement in a program listing.

4) A knot is A knot is defined as a necessary crossing of directional lines in the graph.

5) The quality characteristics for software that have received considerable attention are correctness, reliability and maintenance.

6) Give the main and alternative measures for measuring correctness

a) Main – Defect counts (number of defects in a product)

b) Alternatives –i) Number of design changesii) Number of errors detected by code

inspectorsiii) Number of errors detected in

program testsiv) Number of code changes required

7) How is reliability measured?a) It would be useful to know the

probability of s/w failure, or the rate at which s/w errors will occur. But this can only be estimated from data collected in s/w defects as a function of time. If certain assumptions are made, this data can be used to model and compute s/w reliability metrics. These metrics attempt to indicate and predict the probability of failure during a particular time interval, or the mean time to failure (MTTF) and mean time between failures (MTBF).

8) How is maintainability measured?a) Bill Curtis and others investigated the

ability of Halstead’s effort metric E, and v (G) to predict the psychological complexity of s/w maintenance tasks. Assuming such predictions could be

made accurately, complexity metrics could then be profitably used to reduce the cost of s/w maintenance. A carefully detailed experiment indicated that s/w complexity metrics could effectively explain or predict the maintainability of s/w in a distributed computer system.

9) How can a process be measured?a) A process can be measured by either of

the followingi) Attributes of the process, such as

(1) overall development time, (2) type of methodology used, or (3) the average level of experience

of the development staff.ii) Accumulating product measures

into a metric so that meaningful information about the process can be provided. These could be(1) Function points peer person

month to measure productivity(2) LOC per person month to

measure productivity(3) Number of failures per month

to measure effectiveness of computer operations

(4) Number of helpdesk calls per KLOC to measure effectiveness of system design method

10) Give the standard s/w process metrics currently available:a) Number of deliverables completed on

timeb) Estimated costs Vs actual costsc) Budgeted costs Vs actual costsd) Time spent fixing errorse) Wait timef) Number of contract modificationsg) Number of proposals submitted Vs

proposals wonh) Percentage of time spent performing

value added tasks

11) Common causes are causes of variation that can be controlled by improving work processes.

12) Special causes are causes of variation that must be controlled outside the process.

13) Statistical tools are the only methods available to objectively quantify variation.

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14) Specify the common causes of variationa) Process inputs and conditions that

regullarly contribute to the variability of process outputs

b) Common causes contribute to output variability as they themselves vary

c) Each common cause typically contributes a small portion to the total variation in process outputs

d) The aggregate variability due to common causes has a ‘nonsystematic’, random looking appearance

e) Because common causes are ‘regular contributors’, the ‘process’ or ‘system’ variability is defined in terms of them.

Page 286-2881) How many Componnets are in Risk and

name all of those Componnets?Three componnets - The event that could occur – the risk- The probability that the event will occur

– the likelihood- The impact or consequence of the event

if it occurs – the penalty

2) Risks can be categorized as one of the following:- Technical- Programmatic or performance- Supportability or environment- Cost- Schedule

3) How many Characteristics does Risk has and what are they?Five Characteristics- Situational- Time based- Interdependent- Magnitude dependent- Value based

4) The PMBOK stands for?Project Management Body of Knowledge

5) How many processes are there to address risk management as per PMBOK?Four processes- Risk Identification- Risk Qualification- Risk Response Development

- Risk Response Control

6) How many processes will address the discussion of risk management and what are they and map those with PMBOK processes?Six processes- Risk Identification

a) Risk Identification- Risk Quantification

b) Risk Analysisc) Risk Priorotization

- Risk Response Developmentd) Risk response planning

- Risk Response Controle) Risk Resolutionf) Risk monitoring

7) External risks can be controlled or influenced by the project team ------------ TRUE/FALSE

FALSE

7) Which of the following document will be required as a source of input when considering a list of possible risks?

a) Product documentation b) Project documentation c) Historical Information d) All of the above

Ans: D

Page 292-294

Objective questions.

1. In a traditional waterfall methodology, most risk management activity occurs close to milestone. True/false

2. In a spiral development model the risk management activity falls in the explicit risk

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management portion. True/false

3. Risk management is an independent auditing process. True/False

4. Risk should be the sole responsibility of project manager. True/False

5. Within many software development organizations risk management remains ad hoc and _____________.

6. Testing strategies is included in sort term risk management. True/False

7. Who should be involved in determining risk management

a. Customerb. Managementc. Development teamd. All of the abovee. None of the above

8. Mitigating the risk bya. Minimizing the

probability of occurrenceb. Minimizing the value of

impactc. Deflecting the risk

elsewhered. All of the abovee. None of the above

Subjective question.

1. Your IT organisation need to integrate new technology. As a QA analyst what are the roles and responsibilities you need to perform to ensure that the integration is effective without compromising quality.

2. Build a checklist on how you are going to monitor the riks in your project.

Answer of objective questions.

1. True2. True3. False4. False5. Incomplete6. True7. d8. d

Page 298-300Quiz on Knowledge Domain – 8: Quantitative

Methods

1. A measurement program is defined as the ----------------------------------------

Ans: Entire set of activities that occur around quantitative data.

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2. Mature organization use quantitative data to determine

a. Requirements are complete b. To prevent problemsc. Budgetd. Schedule and project statuse. a&bf. c&dg. All of the above

Ans: e

3. Immature organization use quantitative data to determine

a. Requirements are complete b. To prevent problemsc. Budgetd. Schedule and project statuse. a&bf. c&dg. All of the above

Ans: f

4. What are four major uses of Measurement?Ans: 1.Manage and control the process

2. Manage and control the product (review and testing) 3. Improve the process (quantitative data gathered during process execution can identify the weaknesses and therefore opportunities for improvement)

4. Manage the risks

5. Same software development process may be followed to produce two different applicationsTrue /False

Ans: True

6. What is risk?

Ans: Risk is the opportunity for something to go wrong.

7. How do we Manage and control process?

Ans:

Measure Size by metric/measure LOC, Boxes, procedures, and units of output to answer

how much we have made/left to make

Measure Status by, metric/measure Earned value, amount of scheduled work, % of each activity completed.

Measure Effort (hours spent for each phase of SDLC) to answer how much effort has been expended

Measure Schedule (calender times of activity completed)

8. How do we manage control and product?

Ans: Measure Quality by no.of defects, Mean time to failure (MTTF) Mean time to repair (MTTR)

Measure Performance by technical performance, measures specified by customer and management.

9. How do we improve the process?Ans: Identify the current performance, find how cost-efficient is the process. By measuring Time and effort.

10. How do we manage risks?

Ans: Identify the risks, its frequency, probability of risks occurring and impact of each risk if it occurs derive risk management plan.

11. What are the four phases in installing a measurement program?

Ans: 1.build the measurement base 2.Manage towards results 3. Manage by process 4. Management by fact

12. What are the key points in first phase?

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Ans: Define the objectives for the measurement program

2. Create an environment receptive to measurement (establish SLA between IT and users, establish quality measurement environment)

3. Define the measurement hierarchy

Three levels of quantitative data are mapped to 3-level organization tier.

a. Metrics – used by Line management such as variance between actual and budgeted cost, user satisfaction, defects rates per LOC.b. Measures – Staff management uses basic measures such as product size, cycle time or defect count.c. Strategic results – Senior management uses strategic results dashboard to manage the IT function and track to mission, vision and goals.

4. Define the standard units of

measurement.

13. What do we mean by manage towards results?

Ans: a. Identify goals for desired business results

b. Means for measuring each business result

14. What are the five steps in manage towards results phase?

Ans:

a. Identify desired business results. If each has subject, action, target value and time frame, as it is much easier to identify measure for each.

b. Identify current baseline

c. Select a measure or metric for each result. Should be only 3 to 5 but not greater than 7

d. Consider tradeoff between the results. For example consider the desired result Complete on time

might affect Easy-to-read documentation.

e. Based on baseline and desired result, determine a goal for each result metric. (Bench marking tool is best for this).

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Objective-Paper-1

1. To ensure effectiveness of checklists, checklists should have only yes and no responses.

a. Trueb. False

2. Quality is an attribute of

a. a productb. a servicec. a processd. all of the abovee. none of the above

3. The characters of a service level are

a. It is an agreement between the producer & the customer of the productb. It can be an oral / written

agreementc. It defines the method of

measurement of servicesd. All of the abovee. None of the above

4. Testing of the system to demonstrate system compliance with user requirements is

a. Black box testingb. System testingc. Independent testingd. Acceptance Testing

5. The first stage in the software life cycle where test data is generated is

a. Planning stageb. Requirement Analysisc. Designd. Construction

6. A complete validation of a program can be obtained only by testing for every element of the domain.

a. Trueb. False

7. To divide & conquer while testing requires

a. Stubsb. Manual simulationc. Instrumentationd. Coverage metricse. All of the abovef. None of the above

8. Configuration management is not the process of

a. Controlling the release of items through the life cycle

b. Evaluating & scheduling changes to configurable items

c. Recording & reporting the status of config. items

d. Verifying the completeness of configurable items

9. Which is not an objective of prototyping

a. Requirement Analysis b. User Interface Development c. Functional Development d. Machine Performance Evaluation e. Application Development

10. A program whose purpose is to reduce the number of defects produced is known as a Quality Improvement Program.

a. Trueb. False

11. Creation of help desk is a

a. Preventive Costb. Appraisal Costc. Failure Cost

12. It is advisable to have a separate department for reviews & testing.

a. Yesb. No

13. The results of peer reviews should be presented to

a. Author of the product & supervisorb. QA function & the supervisorc. Author & QA function

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14. To ensure a Quality product requirements must be measurable.

a. Trueb. False

15. QC is a managerial function desgned primarily to detect & correct defects.

a. Trueb. False

16. Resistance to change is normally because of

a. Deffiant attitude of workersb. Lack of awareness / training on the

new technology / processc. No direct benefits/incentives on

change over

17. Measures that can be use to measure Quality include

a. Enhancementsb. Sizec. Complexityd. Rework

18. Selection of tools is a

a. QC activityb. QA activity

19. Which is the most important practical & economical way of meeting customers needs.

a. Doing it right the first timeb. After - the - fact defect removalc. QC during development

20. For locating errors which span modules it is more effective to do

a. Reviewsb. Testing

21. Which is not an objective of testing

a. Determine whether system meets specifications

b. Determine whether system meets needs

c. Provide insight into SDPd. Aid in appraisal of developing TMs

22. A defect is a

a. Deviation from specificationb. Deviation from a standardc. Anything that causes customer

dissatisfactiond. All of the abovee. None of the above

23. ___________ Testing focuses on evaluating the interaction among units.

a. Unit testingb. Integration testingc. Functional testingd. System testinge. Acceptance testing

24. A step - by - step procedure on the action in testing & verifying of results is called a

a. Test caseb. Test scriptc. Test conditiond. Testing toole. Test log

25. You cannot control what you cannot

a. Measureb. Definec. Changed. Improve

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26. Which of the following is not a defect metric

a. Locationb. Causec. Time to fixd. Classificatione. Coveragef. All of the above

27. As a QC professional you will be doing

a. RWIb. Causal Analysisc. SPCd. Defect Prevention

28. Quality improvement programs may require the product itself to be changed.

a. Trueb. False

29. The basis upon which adherence to policies is measured is a

a. Standardb. Requirementc. Expected resultd. Valuee. All of the abovef. None of the above

30. Which of the following does not form a part of a workbench.

a. Standardsb. Quality attributesc. Quality controld. Procedurese. Rework

31. During an inspection, inspectors normally make suggestions on correcting the defects found.

a. Trueb. False

32. Why does it help to visit other companies to identify effective Quality practices?

a. Reuse organisational learningb. Continually benchmarkc. Interact with other Quality

professionalsd. All of the above

e. None of the above

33. The focus on the product is highest during a. a walkthroughb. a checkpoint reviewc. an inspection

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34. Given the following costs:Requirements analysis - $ 1000

Rework - $ 700Code review - $ 500

Review of User Documents - $ 600Continuing Edn. Progrms. - $ 800

Design - $ 400

The cost of Quality isa. $1400b. $1900c. $2400d. $2600e. $4000

35. Verification ensures that the executable system performs as specifieda. Trueb. False

36. When viewing product /service Quality from the customer’s view, a feature added by the producer, that was not included in the product specifications / requirements would be called:a. an enhancementb. a defectc. an unspecified need identified by the

builder of the product / serviced. a correctione. none of the above

37. Prevention is a more effective means of improving Quality than appraisala. Trueb. False

38. There are --------- no. of function typesa. 2b. 3c. 4d. 5e. 6

39. The purpose of constructive criticism is to improvea. productivityb. profitabilityc. the HR climated. creativity

40. The usual denominator in a reliability metric isa. Development time

b. System sizec. Total run timed. MTBF

41. The Quality manager will find it difficult to effectiviely implement the QAI Quality Improvement Process, unless his organisation is willing to accept the Quality principles as aa. the organisation’s policyb. a challengec. the corporate visiond. the organisation’s goale. a management philosophyf. all of the above

42. Pareto chart provides corrective action for high-frequency causes of problemsa. Trueb. False

43. Function Pointsa. provide a measure of the system sizeb. can be used to compare different kinds

of application systemsc. together with past data can be used to

estimate future effortd. all of the abovee. none of the above

44. Restructuring or modifying existing software system to take advantage of newer hardware and software technologies or to introduce efficiencies, or to improve maintainability is calleda. enhancements to the softwareb. perfective maintenancec. re-engineering of the softwared. none of the above

45. Who is normally responsible for initiating the suggestion-day program?a. DP managerb. Group moderatorc. Any one of the aboved. None of the above

46. The fundamental mistakes that impede an individual from becoming a leader are:a. Isolationb. Inability to rewardc. Lack of business perspectived. All of the above

47. “Training will be imparted to all employees” . This statement is a

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a. Visionb. Goalc. Principled. Value

48. A form used to record the discrepancies found during QC activities is a a. Checksheetb. Review reportc. Test logd. Defect loge. None of the above

49. The step-by-step method to ensure that standards are met is a a. Procedureb. Checklistc. Processd. Checksheet

50. An activity that verifies compliance with policies and procedures and ensures that resources are conserved isa. an inspectionb. an auditc. a reviewd. an assessment

- 33 -


Objective-Paper-2

1. TQM means quality of management rather than management of quality TRUE/FALSE

2. Baselines measure the ______________________ change.a) Situation prior tob) Expectation of benefits ofc) Effects ofd) Desirability ofe) None of the above

3. Malcolm Baldridge award was named by a

public law after Malcolm Baldridge who was the secretary of Defense TRUE/FALSE

4. Modifying existing standards to better match the need of a project or environment is a) Definitionb) Standard for a standardc) Tailoringd) Customizatione) None of the above

5. Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award

has the following eligibility categories

a) Approachb) Deploymentc) Resultsd) All of the abovee) Manufacturing, Service and small

businessesf) None of the above

6. Quality experience indicates that about 40

percent of all defects are directly attributable to incorrect or ineffective processesTRUE/FALSE

7. The process of helping the progress of some event or activity is

a) Negotiationb) Conflict Resolutionc) Facilitationd) Influencinge) None of the above

8. The ability to apply beliefs, standards,

guidelines, policies, procedures and values

to a decision in a specific set of circumstances is

a) Recognitionb) Motivationc) Judgementd) All of the abovee) None of the above

9. “Kanban” means creating a visible record

and is a “push” systemTRUE/FALSE

10. “Testing will exercise 90% of the code”. Is it a a) Visionb) Standardc) Policyd) Goale) Valuef) Non of the above

11. “The organization will foster an atmosphere

of creativity”. Is it a …a) Visionb) Missionc) Policyd) Goale) Valuef) None of the above

12. The following is problem identification tool

a) Flow Chartb) Histogramc) Scatter Diagramd) Force Field Analysise) None of the above

13. The following is a problem analysis tool

a) Pareto Chartb) Histogramc) Force Field Analysisd) All of the abovee) None of the above

14. When you need to identify and explore and

display the possible causes of a specific problem or condition, you use,a) Control Chartsb) Histogramc) Scatter Diagramd) Ishikawa Diagrame) None of the above

- 34 -


15. Quality Assurance personnel must be involved in changing work productsTRUE/FALSE

16. The term “benchmarking” means

a) Comparing with past data from your organization

b) Comparing with the results of a market survey

c) Comparing with the results of a customer survey

d) None of the above 17. Employee awareness training courses are

based on the fact that understanding follows behavior changeTRUE/FALSE

- 35 -


18. An example of deployment of a quality approach is:a) The degree to which the approach

embodies effective evaluation cyclesb) The appropriate and effective

application to all product and service characteristics

c) The effectiveness of the use of tools, techniques, and methods

d) The contribution of outcomes and effects to quality improvement

e) The significance of improvement to the company’s business

19. The concept of continuous improvement as

applied to quality meansa) Employees will continue to get betterb) Processes will be improved by a lot of

small improvementsc) Processes will be improved through a

few large improvementsd) Improved technology will be added to

the process, such as acquiring CASE tools

e) The functionality of the products will be enhanced

20. The reason(s) that one person hears what

another person says is:a) People are too impatient to listenb) People are preparing what they will say

next rather than listeningc) External stimuli breaks the train of

thought in listeningd) All of the abovee) None of the above

21. Function Point is a measure ofa) Effortb) complexityc) usabilityd) sizee) None of the above

22. Cost of Quality includesa) Preventive costsb) Corrective costsc) Appraisal costsd) All of the abovee) None of the above

23. You can improve the Quality of a process bya) Making large improvements, in a few

areas

b) Making small improvements, in many areas

c) Implementing tools, techniques and methodologies

d) Spreading awareness about Quality

24. As a Quality Assurance professional, which of the following skills do you feel is the most important for your professiona) Communication, written and oralb) Measurementc) Tools, techniques and methodologiesd) Combination of any of the above twoe) None of the above

25. 80-20 rule implies,a) 20% of frequencies are due to 80% of the

Causesb) 20% to 80% of problems are caused by

process changesc) 80% of the frequencies are due to 20% of

the Caused) 80% of the processes need to be changed

atleast 20% of the time

- 36 -


26. The purpose of Risk Management in a project is to

a) Eliminate Risksb) Minimize Risksc) Avoid risksd) Anticipate the risks involved, analyze them

and plan for suitable action as and when the risk happens

27. ‘Championing Quality’ is the job ofa) Senior Managementb) Junior Managementc) QA Managerd) None of the above

28. The first thing required for Quality to happen is

a) Commitment from the Quality Assurance Managerb) Mature understanding by all the employeesc) Commitment from Managementd) Quality Policy

29. Which, of the four given below, is not one of DR Edward Deming’s 14 Quality Principles?

a) Give adequate trainingb) Have a number of numerical goals setc) Work as one team. (Sink differences)d) Senior Management must push all other points constantly and consistently

30. According to Dr. Ishikawa, the term ‘Strive for Zero Defects’ helps the staff to achieve it.TRUE/FALSE

31. The activity which includes confirming understanding, brainstorming and testing ideas is a :a) Code walkthrub) Inspectionc) Reviewd) Structured walkthru


a) Flow Chartb) Histogramc) Scatter Diagramd) Force Field Analysise) None of the above

33. The following can be considered to measure quality :a) Customer satisfactionb) Defectsc) Reworkd) All of the abovee) None of the above

34. If a company establishes its plan and commitment to quality, it has alevel of :a) Initialb) Repeatablec) Definedd) Managed

35. The statement of an organization's commitment to quality is a:a) Policyb) Visionc) Missiond) Principle

e) Goal

36. The most common reason for the presence of a large number of bugs in a software product is,a) Incompetence of the developerb) Incompetence of the testerc) Bad requirementsd) Wrong use of tools and techniques

37. What type of control is a job accounting log?a) Correctiveb) Preventivec) Detectived) Protectivee) None of the above

38. The term ‘defect’ is related to the term ‘fault’ because a defect is a fault which has not yet been identified.

TRUE / FALSE

39. On a random basis application systems are audited after implementation to determine whether or not the system met standards. This is an example of a) Detective controlb) Quality controlc) Quality Assuranced) Corrective controle) None of the above

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40. The following is (are) not part of a data center operationsa) Capacity planningb) I/O controlc) Schedulingd) All of the abovee) None of the above

41. The process of securing future processing capability with proper data for future contingencies by duplicating systems procedures and data isa) providing a Help Deskb) Database Designc) Artificial Intelligenced) System Backupe) All of the abovef) None of the above

42. The activities performed to increase the functionality of a current production system to better service the changing business needs isa) Developmentb) Maintenancec) Reengineeringd) Enhancemente) None of the above

43. To tap ideas from an entire group we may usea) Nominal Group techniqueb) Check sheetsc) Pareto chartd) Brainstorminge) None of the above

44. Level 3 of the SEI CMM is the _________________________ levela) Managedb) Measuredc) Definedd) Optimizing

45. Control Limits are the same are Specifications Limits TRUE / FALSE

46. The objective of TQM isa) To improve processesb) To improve profitabilityc) All of the aboved) None of the above

47. System Test Plan will not includea) Approachb) Pass/Fail criteria

c) Risksd) Suspension and Resumption criteriae) None of the above

48. The two types of checklists are _______________ and ________________________

49. Internal System Controls are used to ensure

a) Data integrityb) Process Integrityc) Financial Integrityd) All of the abovee) None of the above

50. As the IT Director, you buy a new

productivity improvement tool, train the users, do the set up, provide support, helpdesk and even give access to your personal phone. However, after 6 months you find that no one is using the tool. What went wrong? (write only the most important reason)

________________________

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Objective-Paper-3

51. One of the purposes of the MBNQ Award Program is not to publicize successful quality strategies.a) True b) False

52. Baselines measure the ______________________ change.f) Situation prior tog) Expectation of benefits ofh) Effects ofi) Desirability ofj) None of the above

53. Malcolm Baldridge award was named by a

public law after Malcolm Baldridge who was the secretary of Commercea) True b) False

54. Pareto analysis is designed to rank items by frequency.a) True b) False

55. Modifying existing standards to better match the need of a project or environment is f) Definitiong) Standard for a standardh) Tailoringi) Customizationj) None of the above

56. Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award

has the following dimensionsg) Approachh) Deploymenti) Resultsj) All of the abovek) Manufacturing, Service and small

businessesl) None of the above

57. Six sigma quality, when expressed as defects

per million parts represents:a) 6667 defects per millionb) 3444 defects per million partsc) 687 defects per million partsd) 233 defects per million partse) 3.4 defects per million partsf) None of the above

58. The following is not a category in MBNQA criteriaa) Leadershipb) HR Focus c) Quality Managementd) Information and Analysis

e) None of the above

59. An optimizing organization is a perfect organization. They make no mistakesa) True b) False

60. A Level 4 organization has af) Defined Processg) Repeatable Processh) Managed Processi) Optimizing Processj) None of the above

61. Quality experience indicates that about 80% of all defects are directly attributable tof) Lack of skillsg) Persons in the teamh) Incorrect/Ineffective Processesi) None of the above

62. The following are types of listening area) Descriptive listeningb) Compensation listeningc) Apprehensive listeningd) All of the abovee) None of the above

63. Complaints must be resolved within (a) An hour(b) four minutes(c) a day(d) four hours(e) None of the above

64. The process of helping the progress of some event or activity is

(a) Negotiation(b) Conflict Resolution(c) Facilitation(d) Influencing(e) None of the above

65. Developing and asking questions for the

purpose of collecting oral data to be used in an analysis or evaluation is

(a) Effective listening(b) Interviewing(c) Negotiation(d) None of the above

66. An example of deployment of a quality approach is

(a) The degree to which the approach embodies effective evaluation/improvement cycles

(b) The appropriate and effective application to all product and service characteristics

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(c) The effectiveness of the use of tools, techniques and methods

(d) The contribution of outcomes and effects to quality improvement

(e) The significance of improvement to the company's business

67. “Kanban” means creating a visible record and is a “pull” systema) True b)False

68. The concept of continuous improvement as applied to quality meansa) Employees will continue to get betterb) Processes will be improved by a lot of

small improvementsc) Processes will be improved through a few

large improvementsd) Improved technology will be added to the

process, such as acquiring case toolse) The functionality of the product will be

enhanced

69. The purpose of cost-of -quality computations is to show how much is being spent for the quality control and quality assurance programa) True b) False

70. Management musta) Mange By Objective (MBO)b) Manage By Power (MBP)c) Manage By Objection (MBO)d) Manage By People (MBP)e) All of the abovef) None of the above

71. Customer satisfaction is a a) Tactical measurementb) Strategic measurementc) Operational measurementd) All of the above

72. Abilities of a person relate toa) Image of the personb) How he listens and does not generalizec) Performing job tasks using skillsd) Organizes thoughts before speakinge) All of the above

73. Conformity behavior can be used toa) Conform people to a groupb) Make everyone face the door in a liftc) Change behaviord) Find a leader for the groupe) None of the above

74. Awareness training should not last over two hours g) True b) False

75. The statement of an enterprise's commitment to quality is itsg) Visionh) Missioni) Quality Policyj) Goalk) Valuel) None of the above


f) Flow Chartg) Histogramh) Scatter Diagrami) Force Field Analysisj) None of the above

77. The following is a problem analysis tool

f) Pareto Chartg) Histogramh) Force Field Analysisi) All of the abovej) None of the above

78. When you need to identify and explore and

display the possible causes of a specific problem or condition, you use,f) Control Chartsg) Histogramh) Scatter Diagrami) Ishikawa Diagramj) None of the above

79. Quality Assurance personnel must not be

involved in changing work productsa) True b) False

80. The term “benchmarking” means

e) Comparing with past data from your organization

f) Comparing with the results of a market survey

g) Comparing with the results of a customer survey

h) None of the above 81. Employee awareness training courses are

based on the fact that understanding precedes behavior changea) True b) False

82. The reason(s) that one person hears what

another person says is:f) People are too impatient to listeng) People are preparing what they will say

next rather than listeningh) External stimuli breaks the train of

thought in listeningi) All of the abovej) None of the above

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83. Function Point is not a measure of

f) Effortg) complexityh) usabilityi) all of the abovej) sizek) None of the above

84. Cost of Quality includesf) Preventive costsg) Corrective costsh) Appraisal costsi) All of the abovej) None of the above

85. As a Quality Assurance professional, which of the following skills do you feel is the most important for your professionf) Communication, written and oralg) Measurementh) Tools, techniques and methodologiesi) Combination of any of the above twoj) None of the above

86. 80-20 rule implies,e) 20% of people should not do 80% of the workf) 20% time you have to return to g) 20% to 80% of problems are caused by process

changesh) 80% of the frequencies are due to 20% of the

Causei) 80% of the processes need to be changed

atleast 20% of the time

87. Statistical Process Control can help to identify the root cause of problemsa) True b) False

88. Normal variance in the operation of processes

is due to a) Assignable causesb) Random causesc) Common causesd) Uncommon causese) None of the above

89. In Function Point counting there are _____ function typesa) 3 b) 2 c) 5 d) 4 e) 6

90. In Function Point counting there are _____ classificationa) 3 b) 2 c) 4 d) 6

91. An ongoing negotiation and improvement process whose purpose is to satisfy customer needs in an efficient, effective and economical manner is

a) Requirements Analysis

b) a Contractc) a Service Level Agreementd) None of the above

92. A quality assurance analyst can estimate the frequency or severity of events using

a) Judgmental Samplingb) Statistical Samplingc) All of the aboved) None of the above

93. The ultimate responsibility for good internal control rests with the

a) QA group b) Design team c) Management d) Audit Group

94. Controls can bea) Preventive, adaptive or correctiveb) Preventive, corrective or appraisalc) Preventive, detective or correctived) None of the above

95. Which of the following are true a) Testing precedes debuggingb) Debugging is only done along with testingc) Testing is not required if a program is debuggedd) Debugging precedes testing

96. The method by which release from the

requirements of a specific standard may be obtained for a specific situation is af) Tailoringg) Customizationh) Force Field Analysisi) Waiverj) None of the above

97. Measures designed to minimize the probability

of modification, destruction, or inability to retrieve software or data isa) Preventive securityb) Corrective securityc) Protective securitye) None of the above

98. In the TCS scenario a Project Leader is a Project Manager a) True b) False

99. Right-the-first time costs (RFT) includea) Cost of labour, material, equipmentb) Preventive and detective costsb) All of the abovec) Cost of Qualitye) None of the above

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100. The audit of application systems on a random basis after implementation, to determine whether or not the system meets standards, isa) Quality Controlb) Quality Assurancec) Quality Lossd) None of the above

- 42 -


Objective-Paper-4

1. The two definitions of quality are: Quality means meeting

requirements Quality means fit for use.

Of the two definitions of quality, “fit for use” is the most important definition.

A) TRUEB) FALSE

2. Producer views quality as meeting

--------------------------------------.a) whether the product or service

does what the customer needsb) product has zero defects

c) producer’s requirements or specifications

d) conformance to requirements

3. Quality control is defined as the

processes and methods used to monitor work and observe whether

---------------------. A) requirements are met.

b) product quality is assuredc) defects have been prevented

from occurring

4. Quality control focuses on

A) inspectionsb) testing

c) removal of defectsd) all of the above

e) none of the above 5 Quality control is the responsibilty of

the organisational unit producing the product.

a) trueb) false

6 quality assurance is a function

responsible for --------------------------------.

a) controlling qualityb) managing quality

c) inspectionsd) removal of defects

7 quality assurance is a catalytic

function which should encourage quality attitudes and discipline on the

part of management and workers..a) trueb) false

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8 Quality control is designed primarily to detect and correct defects, while

quality assurance is oriented towards preventing defects from occurring.

a) trueb) false

9 quality control should be performed

by the group responsible for the ----------------.

a) quality managementb) development of the product

10 The quality manager will find it

difficult to effectively implement the qai quality improvement process,

unless his organisation is willing to accept the quality principles as

---------------------------.a) the organisation’s policy

b) a challenge c) the organisation’s objectives

d) a management philosophy 11 Acceptable quality level is to accept

some level of defects as normal and acceptable, as many believe that

defect free information technology products are not practical or

economical.a) trueb) false

12 The concept of zero defects does not

work, because ------------------------.a) it is a buzz word

b) workers are trated as machines and their humanity is ignoredc) it is used as another term for

commanding and forcing workers to start a camaign for which they

have very little enthusiasmd) all of the above

e) none of the above

13 The control in quality control means defining

a) objectives of the jobb) developing and carrying out a plan to meet the objectivesc) checking to determine if the

anticipated results are achievedd) all of the above

e) none of the above 14

the word management in quality assurance describes many different

functions, encompassing a) policy managementb) human resources

management, safety controlc) component control and

management of other resources and daily schedules.d) all of the above


15 The management cycle, as per the --------------------------, comprises of

plan, do, check and act.a) qai’s quality improvement

modelb) iso 9000

c) sei model 16 according to edward deming, one of

the quality principles is “ create

----------------------------------------------- in the company”, by innovating new approaches and putting resources

into research, education and maintenance.

a) better atmosphereb) consistency of purpose

c) a work culture 17 According to edward deming, one of

the quality principles is:“ eliminate a) numerical goals

b) slogansc) pictures and posters.

d) all of the abovee) none of the above

18 Malcolm baldridge national quality award promotes awareness of quality as an increasingly important element in ------------------------------------.

a) marketingb) business development

c) competitiveness

19 malcolm baldridge national quality award promotes understanding of the requirements for quality excellence

a) trueb) false

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20 malcolm baldridge award promotes sharing of ------------------------- on successful quality strategies and on the benefits derived from implementation of these strategies.

a) knowledgeb) technical skills

c) measuresd) information

21 malcolm baldridge national quality award is an annual award to recognize u.s companies which excel in

a) quality achievementb) quality management

c) both of the above 22 in order to be a successful company, quality improvement programs must be led by management and must be ------------- and this may require fundamental changes in the way companies and agencies do business.

a) customer oriented b) marketing oriented

c) profit orientedd) technology oriented

23 the national quality award model is divided into seven categories: leadership, information and analysis, ----------------------------, human resource utilisation, quality assurance of products, quality results and customer satisfaction.

a) quality managementb) business development

c) strategic quality planningd) market potential

24 software engineering institute’s five process maturity levels are initial, repeatable, defined, managed and optimised.

a) trueb) false

25 the repeatable process level in sei’s process model provides control over the way the organisation establishes its plans and -------------------------------------.

a) process definitionsb) process measurements

c) process controlsd) commitments

26 the key actions required to advance from the repeatable to the next stage are:

a) to establish a process groupb) to establish a development

process architecturec) to introduce a family of

software engineering methods and technologiesd) all of the above

e) none of the above 27 with defined process in sei’s process model, organisation will achieve the foundation for major and continuing process.

a) trueb) false

28 in advancing from the initial process through the repeatable and defined processes to the managed process, software organisations should expect to make substantial ------------------------------.

a) quality improvementsb) business growth

c) customer satisfactiond) savings in development costs

29 In statistical process control, statistics are used for determining whether the process is in control or not.

a) trueb) false

30 In statistical process control, statistics are used for determining whether the process is within acceptable variance from standards.

a) trueb) false

31 Statistical process control help to identify the ------------------------- of process problems which are causing defects.

a) root causeb) nature

c) person/persons involved d) all of the above


32 Statistical methods are used to differentiate random variation from --------------------------------.

a) standardsb) assignable variation

c) control limitsd) specification limits

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33 Random causes of process problems can be ---------------------- eliminated.

a) sometimesb) neverc) rarely

d) always

34 Statistical methods are used to ---------------------------- and ------------------------- problems incurred as a result of operating processes.

a) identify, solveb) accumulate, analysec) measure, probe into

d) find, project

35 Complexity measurements are quantitative values accumulated by a pre-determined method for measuring complexity of a ------------------------------------.

a) project team b) software engineering process

c) software productd) data base

36 Size of information systems are measured in terms of -----------------------.

a) lines of codeb) function points

c) no. Of objects/componentsd) all of the above


37 Defects are measured in relation to ---------------------------------.

a) lines of codeb) total number of defectsc) development team size

d)project efforts

38 To calculate the present value of money, information required are:

a) amount of money involvedb) number of years before the

benefit is receivedc) value of moneyd) all of the above


39 Pareto chart helps in identifying the few significant problems from many trivial problems.

a) trueb) false

40 The Pareto chart is more commonly known to information systems personnel as the -------- rule.

a) 50-50 b) 20-80c) 30-70d) 40-60e) 80-20

41 Pareto chart provides corrective actions for high frequency causes of problems.

a) trueb) false

42 Pareto concept is merely an ---------------------------- of the ----------------------------- of a problem by type of cause.

a) effective method, analysisb) accumulation, resultant effect

c) organised ranking,causes

43 The steps involved in developing a pareto chart are:

a) identify problem areab) identify and nam,e causes of

the problemc) document the occurrence of the causes of the problem

d) rank the causes by frequency, using pareto chart

e) all of the abovef) none of the above

44 Function points actually measure the amount of information processing function and hence the functionality of an application system.

a) trueb) false

45 Function points provide an objective measure of the application system -------------that can be used to compare different kinds of application systems.

a) sizeb) complexity

c) performanced) operation ease

46 Function point analysis involves:

- 46 -


a) amount of information processing function

b) system characteristicsc) degree of influence

d) all of the abovee) none of the above

47 Which of the following is not relevant in quantifying the amount of information processing function?

a) external inquiry b) software platform

c) external output d) logical internal file

e) external inputf) external interface file

48 Function point analysis requires information on hardware and software for the application system.

a) trueb) false

49 THE DEGREE OF INFLUENCE FOR SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS IS ASSIGNED IN A SCALE of ------------------.

a) 0 - 9b) 0 - 4c) 1 - 6d) 0 - 5

e) 0 - 100

50 Function point analysis is begun

a) during the development of an application system

b) at the time of implementation of the system

c) with developing an external design or conceptual overview

51 Service level agreement is an ongoing negotiation and improvement process to satisfy customer needs. In what manner it is to be achieved?

a) efficientlyb) effectively

c) economicallyd) all of the above


52 Internal service level agreement is a contract.

a) trueb) false

53 External service level agreement is a contract.

a) trueb) false

54 Which one of the following is not a key concept of service level agreement?

a) defines the services to be provided

b) defines the method by which the services will be measured

c) defines obligations of both the provider and the customer of the

information systems servicesd) all of the above


- 47 -


Objective-Paper-5

The most important practical and economical way of meeting customers' needs:

A. Doing it right the first timeB. After - the - fact defect removalC. Quality control during development

Quality control is the mechanism used to ensure that the completed product meets requirements.

A. TrueB. False

Cost of quality is sometimes called cost of ----------------------------------------------

A. Failure B. PreventionC. ReworkD. Non-conformance

Defects are typically less expensive to correct in the maintenance phase than in requirements phase.

A. TrueB. False

Aim of Deming's principles are ---------------------

A. To improve qualityB. To remove causes of failureC. To help people to do a better job with less effortD. All of the aboveE. None of the above

Quality is an attribute of:

A. a productB. a serviceC. a processD. all of the aboveE. none of the above

The first stage in the software life cycle where test data is generated is:

A. Planning stage B. Requirement C. Analysis D. Design E. Construction

Configuration management is not the process of

Controlling the release of items through the life cycleEvaluating and scheduling changes to configurable itemsRecording and reporting the status of configuration itemsVerifying the completeness of configurable items

Resistance to change is normally because of

Deffiant attitude of workers Lack of awareness / training on the new technology / processNo direct benefits/incentives on change over

Pareto chart does not provide corrective action for high-frequency causes of problems

Given the following costs:

Requirements analysis - $ 1000 Rework - $ 700 - $ 500 Review of User Documents - $ 600

Continuing Edn. Progrms. - $ 800 Design - $ 400System Testing - $ 500

The cost of Quality is

An activity that verifies compliance with policies and procedures and ensures that resources are

an inspection

an assessment

Code auditors are useful to programmers as a means of self checking their routines prior to turnover for integration testing. These tools are also of value to software product assurance personnel during integration testing, prior to formal validation testing and again prior to customer delivery.

- 48 -


A formal review of a software item involves:

A. Preparation for reviewB. Overview presentation and detailed PresentationC. Giving a summary of the results of reviewD. Follow-upE. All of the aboveF. None of the above

Test coverage analyser monitor the execution of a program during program testing in order to measure the completeness of a set of program tests and adequacy of test data.

A. TrueB. False

Function point analysis is done to estimate the size of a software application system. The function types are:

A. External inputs, external outputs, online updates, online data entry, external interface filesB. External inputs, reusability, multiple sites usage, internal logical files, external interface files C. External inputs, external outputs, external queries, internal logical files, external interface filesD. Data Communication, Online data entry, online update, performance, complex processing

---------------------------------- specifies how much data processing support will be available for the customer's applications.

A. Maintenance agreementB. Cost plus fixed fee contractC. Service level agreementD. All of the aboveE. None of the above

For improving quality, appraisal is more effective than

A. PreventionB. Rework for rectification

Defect metric is normally measured in terms of ------------------------------ .

A. Application system sizeB. Development effortC. Project durationD. Cost of project

Project team feels that an extra feature or a function is needed in the system but not included in the specifications. From quality point of view, this is considered --------------------------------:

A. a correctionB. a failureC. a changeD. an enhancementE. a defect

According to Dr. Deming and other quality experts, the root cause of most of the defects is bad

According to one of the clauses in ISO, quality records must be maintained to demonstrate achievement of the required quality and the effective operation of the quality system.

Total Quality Management involves ----------------------- in an organisation.

Top ManagementUpto middle managementOnly workersAll employeesEmployees in Production Department

Exhaustive Testing is a part of ---------------------------------- .

Static TestingDynamic Testing

Goals of a metric program are:

Improve project planningIncrease defect containmentReduce the cost of non-conformanceAll of the aboveNone of the above

A customer oriented statement of purpose for a unit or team is --------------------------.

A step by step method followed to ensure that standards are met is a -------------------.

--------------------------------- is the use of statistical techniques and tools to measure an ongoing process for change or stability.

Quality improvementQuality ControlStatistical process controlProduct improvement

- 49 -


Many different methods and techniques are being developed to facilitate the continuous improvement process. There is one element common to many continuous improvement strategies. It is the application of the seven basic quality control tools.

A. TrueB. False

A useful tool to visualise, clarify, link, identify and classify possible causes of a problem is -----------------------------------.

A. HistogramB. Pareto AnalysisC. Control ChartD. HistogramE. None of the above

Quality does not happen unless management wants it to happen.

A. TrueB. False

Extent to which a system can be expected to perform its intended function with required precision is -----------------------------.

A. ReliabilityB. CorrectnessC. Efficiency

Methods for determining the current performance, accuracy or efficiency of a product for the purpose of measuring current performance or measuring future or past variances from current performance is ----------------------------------.

A. Performance TestingB. Statistical Process ControlC. BenchmarkingD. Quality Control Deming's cycle is -----------------------------------------.

A. Act, Do, Check, PlanB. Plan, Do, Check, ActC. Plan, Act, Check,DoD. Plan, Do, Act, Check

ISO 9000 consists of specifying processes, clauses, durations, number of audits.

A. TrueB. False

The implementation of the quality model of QAI has the components Approach, -------------------------, and Results.

Deployment

The objective of risk analysis is to help management strike an economic balance between the impact of risks and the cost of protective measures.

Verification that current changes have not adversely affected previous functionality is -----------------------------------.

System TestingAcceptance TestingRegression TestingPerformance Testing

The management of company X had decided to go in for reengineering of the application systems. The company aims to have benefit worth $100,000 per year from the second year from now. The company X believes in a 20% interest per annum as a reasonable return on investment. What is the present of value of money?

The intent of quality control check list should be to improve the quality of the product being controlled by investigative means

Significant risks demand more control than insignificant risks.

National Quality Award category does not include -----------------------------.

Information and analysisCustomer and market focusProcess managementStrategic PlanningTactical Quality Planning

- 50 -


Production flexibility is not an important condition for the just-in-time technique.

A. TrueB. False

Establishing a corporate vision is the responsibility of -----------------------------------.

A. Quality Assurance FunctionB. Business Development FunctionC. Corporate Planning FunctionD. Senior Corporate Management

The most effective technique in encouraging participation of attendees at meetings is ------------------------------------.

A. Role playing and requesting suggestionsB. Having the moderator play the devil's advocateC. Requiring participation

Brainstorming can be used to --------------------------------------.

A. Identify problems for a team to work onB. Identify what data to collect at any stepC. Identify possible causesD. Generate potential solutionsE. All of the above

Pareto diagrams are simple bar graphs that focus attention on the factors that are not most significant to a problem.

A. TrueB. False

The review types do not include:

A. WalkthroughsB. InspectionsC. AuditsD. Check point reviewsE. None of the above

A product development has taken 30 person months for analysis, 35 person months for design, 50 person months for construction, and 40 person months for testing.

15 person months were spent on reviews, walkthroughs, inspections and project management. Total number of lines produced was 85000.

The initial estimate for the project was 20 person years for developing 100,000 lines of code.

The difference between estimated productivity and actual productivity is:

A. 0B. 5C. 70D. 15,000

The QA Manager found lot of complaints/problems received from the customers/users about an application system run in the company. What should be done for a short term solution to improve the quality of the system?

Increase software testingInitiate a customer sign-off procedureConduct a Customer Survey and analyse customer feedback and take corrective actionsInitiate Code InspectionsDemonstrate your function is meeting specifications

- 51 -


Objective-Paper-6

1. If a bar chart is seen arranged in the descending order of frequencies, then you are seeing a

i. Pareto Chartii. Bar Chartiii. Histogramiv. Control Chartv. Flow Chartvi. Run Chart

2. Quality is an attribute ofi. Productii. Processiii. Standardiv. Policy

3. Total Quality Management is more about ‘Quality of Management’ than about ‘Management of Quality’. TRUE/FALSE.

4. As a Quality Assurance professional, which of the following skills do you feel is the most important for your profession

i. Communication, written and oral

ii. Measurementiii. Tools, techniques and

methodologiesiv. Combination of any of the

above twov. None of the above

5. Your manager asks you to come up with a standard. The order in which you will accomplish it is

i. Standard, Process and then, Policy

ii. Policy, Standard and then, Process

iii. Process, Standard and then, Policy

iv. Policy, Process and then, Standard

6. You are asked to implement a Standard as the Quality Manager. (i.e. You are made responsible to ensure those standards are followed by the team).Then which of the following will you do,

i. Show a circular from the Top Management, saying that the Standard has to be followed.

ii. Linking the following of standards to the individuals’ performance appraisal.

iii. Involve your people (the people who will be using the standard) in the development of the standard.

iv. Show them the standard and ask them to follow it

7. The “Malcolm Balridge Award’ came into effect with rule 100-107 and is named after Malcolm Balridge, who was the US Secretary of Defence. TRUE/FALSE

8. The evaluation criteria for the Malcolm Balridge National Quality Award are

i. Approachii. Deploymentiii. Resultsiv. All the abovev. None of the above

9. Pareto Chart is also referred to as ‘80-20’ rule. TRUE/FALSE

10. 80-20 rule implies,i. 20% of frequencies are due

to 80% of the Causesii. 80% of the frequencies are

due to 20% of the Cause


i. Eliminate Risksii. Minimize Risksiii. Avoid risksiv. Anticipate the risks

involved, analyze them and plan for suitable action as and when the risk happens

12. ‘Championing Quality’ is the job ofi. Senior Managementii. Junior Managementiii. QA Manageriv. None of the above


i. Commitment from the Quality Assurance Manager

ii. Mature understanding by all the employees

iii. Commitment from Management

iv. Quality Policy

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14. Which, of the four given below, is not one of DR Edward Deming’s 14 Quality Principles ?

i. Give adequate trainingii. Have a number of

numerical goals setiii. Work as one team. (Sink

differences)iv. Senior Management must

push all other points constantly and consistently

15. According to Dr. Ishikawa, the term ‘Strive for Zero Defects’ helps the staff to achieve it.TRUE/FALSE

16. You are a Quality Assurance professional. You have been asked to address a problem, where the customer is reporting a lot of bugs. You will

i. Initiate more Reviews, Walk-through and Inspections

ii. Attach the number of bugs reported on a product to the concerned developers performance appraisal

iii. Recommend that more time be spent on system testing

iv. Do a root cause analysis of the bugs and try to prevent them from occurring again

17. An Error once corrected, will not occur again. This applies to software also. TRUE/FALSE

18. ‘Prototyping’ is donei. Because the software

analyst feels good doing itii. It makes the development

work easieriii. To get a better

understanding of the requirementsiv. It can be used later for

automation

19. The most common reason for the presence of a large number of bugs in a software product is,

i. Incompetence of the developer

ii. Incompetence of the testeriii. Bad requirementsiv. Wrong use of tools and

techniques

20. Which of the CMM levels implies a defined process,

i. Level Oneii. Level Twoiii. Level Threeiv. Level Fourv. Level Five

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Objective-Paper-7

1. As a Quality Assurance professional, you will be doing

i. Reviews, Walk-throughs , and inspections

ii. Unit Testingiii. Statistical Process Controliv. Identify the weak areas in a

SDLC, take corrective action, so as to ensure it does not occur again

2. Quality Analysts are involved withi. Defect Detectionii. Correctioniii. Defect Preventioniv. Protectionv. None of the abovevi. Ensuring that all the

processes are followed, by conducting periodic checks

3. You will change a security password,i. When you suspect it has

been leakedii. When someone else comes

to know of itiii. On a regular and periodic

basisiv. All the above

4. You can improve the Quality of a process by

i. Making large improvements, in a few areas

ii. Making small improvements, in many areas

iii. Implementing tools, techniques and methodologies

iv. Spreading awareness about Quality

5. Trying to improve the Quality of a product developed, by improving the Quality of the various steps (procedures) involved in its development is

i. TQM (Total Quality Management)

ii. SPC (Statistical Process Control)

iii. QFD(Quality Function Deployment)

iv. Non of the above

6. In Statistics, ‘Mean’, ‘Median’ and ‘Mode’ are measures of

i. Central Tendencyii. Variance

iii. Deviation (Standard Deviation)

iv. Dispersion

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7. The “Corporate Vision”i. Outlines ‘how’ to achieve

the goals for the companyii. Tells the direction in which

the company will be moving, in the future

iii. Sets the goal to be achieved, in the future

iv. Informs ‘what’ is to be achieved

v. None of the above

8. A ‘Run Chart’ can be used to identify the cause of defects. TRUE/FALSE

9. ‘Cost of Quality’ is computed to show how much money has been spent on quality. TRUE/FALSE

10. To complete your tasks/job(work-product), when you are going through a document and adopting the steps detailed in it, in a sequential manner, you are following a

i. Workbenchii. Flowchartiii. Processiv. Procedure

11. A “Baseline” is,i. A measure of the current

position of your project/product

ii. Measure of the present position of your project/product compared to a previous state

iii. A measure of the present position of your project/product compared against a future (estimated) state

iv. A measure of your product compared to an existing industry standard.

12. You have a good process in place, ifi. The product defects are

identified and correctedii. You do not find any defects

in your processiii. You do not identify any

defects in your productiv. The process, itself, can

gather data about its effectiveness, which can, in turn, be used to continually improve itself

13. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a ‘Service Level Agreement” ?

i. It defines the obligations of the services/product provider towards the customer

ii. It has terms for maintenance of the product/service

iii. It does not mention the obligation of the customer

iv. None of the above

14. You have an agreement to assist your customer, in the data collection and input to the product you have delivered to him. So you are having a

i. Service Contractii. Maintenance Contractiii. Fixed Fee + Number of

Hours workediv. None of the above

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15. “SPC” or Statistical Process Control, isi. Using statistical tools,

techniques and methodologies, to monitor projects

ii. Controlling a process, using statistical techniques.

iii. Using statistical techniques and tools, to identify the reasons for occurrence of defects and prevent them from occurring again


16. A document, detailing how you are going to achieve the goals of your company, using your company’s Quality processes and procedures, is a

i. Strategic Quality Planii. Quality Work Planiii. Corporate Vision Statementiv. None of the above

17. Risk = Probability * Loss.You will reduce the probability of loss

byi. Reducing the impact of the

lossii. Reducing the quantum

(amount) that will be lostiii. Identifying the causes, due

to which the loss may have occur and prevent them


18. Match the following(Definition of each given below was provided to map with.)

i. Empowermentii. Processiii. Quality Controliv. Benchmarkingv. Total Quality Managementvi. Statistical Quality Control

19. “Benchmarking” is i. A measure of the current

position of your project/product

ii. Measure of the present position of your project/product compared to a previous state

iii. A measure of the present position of your project/product compared against a future (estimated) state

iv. A measure of your product compared to an existing industry standard.

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The CQA is not very sure about the wordings of the answer.

But is sure that the question expects you to know the definition of TQM1. Total Quality Management is

i. Managing Quality, totallyii. Totally Managing Qualityiii. A commitment from

management, to ensure to work in a way, by which everyone is responsible for delivering a quality output

iv. None of the aboveBut sure that the question expects you to know the definition of ‘SQC’ 2. Statistical Quality Control is

i. A Testing techniqueii. Control of Quality, using

statistical techniquesiii. A method/technique, in

which statistical conclusions are used, in the process of defect detection


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Objective-Paper-8

1. TQM means quality of management rather than management of qualityTrue/False

2. The moderator of an inspection activity :a) is a team memberb) knows the product being inspected thoroughlyc) is an invisible leaderd) is the author of the product being inspected

3. Given the following costs :Training: $1000

Coding : $1000Analysis : $1000

Testing : $1000Design : $1000

Rework: $1000

The cost of quality is :a) $3000b) $4000c) $5000d) $6000

4. The following is not a preventive cost :a) Field highlightingb) Limit checksc) Passwordd) Check digits

5. The following is not a corrective cost :a) Default optionb) Field highlightingc) Hash total

6. If a company has its procedures documented and stable, it has thefollowing level :a) Level 1

b) Level 2c) Level 3d) Level 4e) Level 5

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7. If a company establishes its plan and commitment to quality, it has alevel of :a) Initialb) Repeatablec) Definedd) Managed

8. The statement of an organization's commitment to quality is a:a) Policyb) Visionc) Missiond) Goal

9. The activity which includes confirming understanding, brainstorming andtesting ideas is a :a) Code walkthrub) Inspectionc) Reviewd) Structured walkthru

10. The following can be considered to measure quality :a) Customer satisfactionb) Defectsc) Reworkd) All of the abovee) None of the above* This question was asked in the

both the papers

11. Malcolm Baldrige award was named by a public law after Malcolm Baldrige who was the secretary of Defense True/False

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Objective-Paper-9

1) What is the maximum amount of time that you can take to resolve a complaint?

a) 3 minutesb) 4 minutesc) 5 minutes

2) The four general skills in Human resource Principles are Motivation. ______________________, _________________ and __________________

3) Your Image is how people _______________ you

a) Rateb) Perceivec) See

4) The three major skills in the HRP skill area are marketing through personal Image, __________________________ and ________________

5) The Management consultant who has suggested the 6 basic attributes of an executive imagea) James Malcolmb) James Baehlerc) John Mathew

6) Six attributes of an executive image are being Purposeful, Competent, _______________, _____________, ____________________ and _________________.

7) An executive looks at issues asa) Problemsb) Challengesc) Obstacles

8) An executive with analytical skill does not accept generalities.

True /False

9) Quality promotes turning problems intoa) Challengesb) Opportunities

10) Even if it is not a reasonable complaint take an action on that complaint.

True/False

11) In conflict resolution symptoms cannot be dealt with. Only _________ can be dealt.

a) Conflictb) Problemc) Complaint

12) Skill Conformity behavior can be used to change behavior using ____________.

a) Psychologyb) Group Dynamicsc) Management techniquesd) Supervisory skill.

13) Non conformity to expected group standard could be dealt with __________ attitude.

a) Managerialb) Supervisoryc) Friendly

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Objective-Paper-10

QUIZ on KNOWLEDGE DOMAIN 1

1. The Two Definitions Of Quality Are: Quality Means Meeting

Requirements Quality Means Fit for Use.

Of The Two Definitions of Quality, “Fit For Use” Is the Most Important Definition.A) TrueB) False

2. Producer Views Quality is meeting --------------------------------------.

A) Whether the Product or Service Does What the Customer Needs

B) Product Has Zero DefectsC) Producer’s Requirements or

SpecificationsD) Conformance to Requirements

3. The –producer gap--- is the difference between what is specified (the documented requirements and internal standards) vs. what is delivered (what is actually built) where as the ---customer gap-------- is the difference between what the producer actually delivered vs. what the customer wanted.

4. Joint Application Development (JAD) methodology & customer surveys does not really help to close the customer gap

1. True2. False

5. “Mc Donald’s effect” can be achieved by:

1. Closing customer and producer gap, thereby delivering the prodcut which customer “wants”

2. By closing the “customer gap” 3. By closing the “producer gap”

4. None of the above

6. Quality Control Is Defined As The Processes And Methods Used To Monitor Work And Observe Whether ---------------------.

A) Requirements Are Met.

B) Product Quality Is AssuredC) Defects Have Been Prevented

From Occurring

7. Quality Control focuses on -------------------------------------------.

A) InspectionsB) TestingC) Removal of DefectsD) All Of The AboveE) None Of The Above

8. Quality Control Is the Responsibility of the Organizational Unit Producing the Product.

A) TrueB) False

9. Quality Assurance Is A Function Responsible For --------------------------------.

A) Controlling QualityB) Managing QualityC) InspectionsD) Removal of Defects

10. Quality Assurance Is A Catalytic Function Which Should Encourage Quality Attitudes And Discipline On The Part Of Management And Workers.

A) TrueB) False

11. As a Quality Assurance professional, you will be doing

1. Reviews, Walk-throughs , and inspections

2. Unit Testing3. Statistical Process Control4. Identify the weak areas in a SDLC,

take corrective action, so as to ensure it does not occur again

12. “Benchmarking” is a) A measure of the current position of

your project/productb) Measure of the present position of your

project/product compared to a previous state

c) A measure of the present position of your project/product compared against a future (estimated) state

d) A measure of your product compared to an existing industry standard.

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13. Quality Control Is Designed Primarily To Detect And Correct Defects, While Quality Assurance Is Oriented Towards Preventing Defects From Occurring.

A) TrueB) False

14. Quality Control Should Be Performed By The Group Responsible For The ----------------.

A) Quality ManagementB) Development of the Product

15. The Quality Manager Will Find It Difficult To Effectively Implement The Qai Quality Improvement Process, Unless His Organisation Is Willing To Accept The Quality Principles As ---------------------------.

A) The Organization’s PolicyB) A Challenge C) The Organization’s Objectives D) A Management Philosophy

16. Acceptable Quality Level Is To Accept Some Level Of Defects As Normal And Acceptable, As Many Believe That Defect Free Information Technology Products Are Not Practical Or Economical.

A) TrueB) False

17. The Concept Of Zero Defects Does Not Work, Because ------------------------

A) It Is A Buzz WordB) Workers Are Treated As

Machines and Their Humanity Is Ignored

C) It Is Used As Another Term for Commanding and Forcing Workers to Start A Campaign for Which They Have Very Little Enthusiasm

D) All Of The AboveE) None Of The Above

18. The control in quality control means defining

a) Objectives of the jobb) Developing and carrying out a

plan to meet the objectivesc) Checking to determine if the

anticipated results are achieved

d) All of the above

e) None of the above

19. The Word Management In Quality Assurance Describes Many Different Functions, Encompassing

A) Policy ManagementB) Human Resources Management,

Safety ControlC) Component, Control,

Management of Other Resources and Daily Schedules.

D) All Of The AboveE) None Of The Above



Review of User Documents - $ 600Continuing Edn. Programs. - $ 800

Design - $ 400

The cost of Quality isf. $1400g. $1900h. $2400i. $2600j. $4000

21. The Management Cycle, As Per The --------------------------, Comprises Of Plan, Do, Check And Act.

A) QAI’s Quality Improvement Model

B) ISO 9000C) SEI Model


v. Commitment from the Quality Assurance Manager

vi. Mature understanding by all the employees

vii. Commitment from Managementviii. Quality Policy

23. “The organization will foster an atmosphere of creativity”. Is it a …m) Visionn) Missiono) Policyp) Goal

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q) Valuer) None of the above

24. According To Edward Deming, One Of The Quality Principles Is “ Create ----------------------------------------------- In The Company”, By Innovating New Approaches And Putting Resources Into Research, Education And Maintenance.

A) Better AtmosphereB) Consistency of Purpose C) A Work Culture

25. According To Edward Deming, One Of The Quality Principles Is:“ Eliminate

A) Numerical GoalsB) SlogansC) Pictures & Posters.D) All Of The AboveE) None Of The Above

26. Edward Deming believed that the 14 quality principles should be used ________ to make quality happen:

a. one-after-the-otherb. as per the organization needsc. as per the customer needsd. concurrently

27. The “Juran Trilogy” is also known as _____________

28. The “Juran Trilogy” isa. Quality control, quality

improvement, Quality Deployment

b. Quality assurance, Quality Improvement, Quality Deployment

c. Quality assurance, Quality improvement, Quality Deployment

d. Quality planning, Quality Control, Quality improvement

29. Which, of the four given below, is not one of Dr. Edward Deming’s 14 Quality Principles?

a) Give adequate trainingb) Have a number of numerical goals setc) Work as one team. (Sink differences)d) Senior Management must push all other

points constantly and consistently

30. Provide attributes for each of their definitions:

a) The extent to which a program can be expected to perform its intended function with required precision:_reliability_____

b) The extent to which a program satisfies its specifications and fulfills the user’s mission and goals:__correctness____

c) The effort required for learning, operating, preparing input, and interpreting output of a program:__usability___

d) The amount of computing resources and code required by a program to perform a function:__efficiency__

e) The extent to which access to software or data by unauthorized persons can be controlled:__integrity__

f) The effort required for locating and fixing an error in an operational program:_maintainibility

g) The effort required for testing a program to ensure it performs its intended function:_testability_

h) The effort required for modifying an operational program:__flexibility

i) The effort required for transferring a program from one hardware configuration and /or software system environment to another:__portability_____

j) The extent to which a program can be used in other application-related to packaging and scope of the functions that the program performs:__reusability

k) The effort required to couple one system with another:__interoperability

31. Quality is frequently associated with cost, meaning that high quality is synonymous with high cost.

A. True B. False

32. Accomplishing quality requires “a thought revolution by management” was said by

a. Dr. Ishikawa

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b. Dr. W. Edward Demingc. Dr. Joseph Jurand. Philip Crosby

33. Deming wheel isa) Act, Do, Check, Planb) Plan, Do, Check, Actc) Plan, Act, Check, Dod) Plan, Do, Act, Check

34. Quality is an attribute of ____________ or ______________, while productivity is an attribute of ________

a. Processb. Productc. Service

35. Preventive costs are a. Planning quality

improvementb. Quality trainingc. Reviewsd. Testing

36. Cost of Quality (COQ) includesa) Preventive, appraisal &

failure b) Preventive, detective &

controlc) Process, control & preventive

37. Appraisal costs area. Quality auditsb. Preparation for reviewsc. Inspectionsd. Installing a planning

database

38. Failure Costs area. Installing a planning

databaseb. Rerunsc. Overtimed. Rework after to IQA/EQA

39. The three COQ categories (Preventive, Appraisal & Failure) are sometimes called the cost of nonconformance

A. TrueB. False

40. Statements related to QC are:a. relates to a specific product

or service

b. management responsibility, frequently performed by a staff function

c. identifies defects for the primary purpose of correcting defects

d. sets up measurement programs to evaluate processes

41. Statements related to QA are:a. sometimes called quality

control over quality control because it evaluates whether quality control is working

b. the responsibility of the worker

c. verifies whether particular attributes exist, or do not exist, in a specific product or service

d. helps establish processes

42. QA is a staff function A. True B. False

43. Defects are typically less expensive to correct in the production environment than in earlier stages. A. True B. False

44. A search for the best practices or competitive practices that will help define superior performance of a product, service, or support process is called as

a. Performance Testingb. Statistical Process Controlc. Benchmarkingd. Quality Control

e. Baselining

45. ------------------ Is the set of activities that is performed to produce a product.

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Objective-Paper-11

(Questions from CSQA conducted on 16-Mar-2002 at Fort Lauderdale, FL,

USA)

Some Comments:

1. In this exam all questions are from CBOK.

2. For us more questions came from CBOK on definitions, examples and theory

3. No descriptive question came on Testing chapter (Generally we will get more questions on this chapter)

4. For us no of questions given as follows in different papers:

a. Paper – 1 - 48 Questions (Time 45 Min)

b. Paper – 2 - 09 Questions (Time 75 Min)

c. Paper – 3 - 49 Questions (Time 45 Min)

d. Paper – 4 - 11 Questions (Time 75 Min)

5. Time was not at all sufficient, we had to really very very fast to complete the answers

6. No breaking of marks was provided in the descriptive paper for different questions

7. Only one answer for objective questions

8. We need to write the exam with ‘#2’ pencil only (you can use a mechanical pencil if examination instructor allows you to do that, for us he allowed to use the mechanical pencil)

9. Please practice writing with pencil

10. Answer at least one set of descriptive question paper on your own with full answers before going to the exam. This will really help you

11. Please use our model question papers for Guidance only and read them but don’t depend ONLY on them

12. Our Descriptive papers are really very good enough to get thoughts for the answers for different scenarios

13. Read read read read CBOK thoroughly and understand it

The following are some questions that we remember after coming from the exam. Sentence formation may not be same as in the exam. For descriptive questions we have given only the extract of the questions (not full question)

Objective Questions

1. 80-20 rule implies,iii. 20% of

frequencies are due to 80% of the Causes

iv. 80% of the frequencies are due to 20% of the Cause

v. -----vi. -----

2. ‘Championing Quality’ is the job of

v. Senior Management

vi. Junior Management

vii. QA Managerviii. None of the above



Testing - $1000

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Training - $ 1000Design - $ 1000

The cost of Quality isk. $1000l. $2000m. $3000n. $4000o. $5000

4. The first stage in the software life cycle where test data is generated ise. Planning stagef. Requirement Analysisg. Designh. Construction

5. Baselines measure the ______________________ change.

k) Situation prior tol) Expectation of benefits ofm) Effects ofn) Desirability ofo) None of the above

6. What type of control is a job

accounting log?a) QAb) QCc) Reviewd) Data Collection

7. On a random basis application systems are audited after implementation to determine whether or not the system met standards. This is an example of

f) Detective controlg) Quality controlh) Quality Assurancei) Corrective controlj) None of the above

8. Total Quality Management involves ----------------------- in an organization.

F. Top Management

G. Up to middle managementH. Only workersI. All employeesJ. Employees in Production

Department

9. The expenditure for developing an s/w system will cost the $10,000. To find out the cost benefit analysis with money value today what you will do.

a) Pareto analysisb) Present value of moneyc) Flow chartd)

10. Toyota adopted a technique and which became a most famous one later:

A) Tools acquisition techniques

B) JIT techniqueC) Work bench TechniqueD)

11. Test types include

a) Unit, integression, system, independent, acceptance

b) c) d)

12. Six sigma quality, when expressed as defects per million parts represents:

g) 3.4 defects per 1000 partsh) 3.4 defects per 100000 partsi) 3.4 defects per 1000000 partsj) 3.4 defects per 10000000 parts

13. An example of deployment of a quality approach is

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(f) The degree to which the approach embodies effective evaluation / improvement cycles

(g) The appropriate and effective application to all product and service characteristics

(h) The effectiveness of the use of tools, techniques and methods

(i) The contribution of outcomes and effects to quality improvement

(j) The significance of improvement to the company's business

14. Function Point is not a measure of

l) Effortm) Complexityn) Usabilityo) All of the abovep) Sizeq) None of the above

15. Normal variance in the operation of processes is due to

f) Assignable causesg) Random causesh) Common causesi) Uncommon causesj) None of the above


vi. Communication, written and oral

vii. Measurementviii. Tools, techniques and

methodologiesix. Combination of any of the

above twox. None of the above


v. Eliminate Risksvi. Minimize Risksvii. Avoid risksviii. Anticipate the risks

involved, analyze them and plan for suitable action as and when the risk happens

18. You will change a security password,

v. When you suspect it has been leaked

vi. When someone else comes to know of it

vii. On a regular and periodic basis

viii. All the above

19. You can improve the Quality of a process by

v. Making large improvements, in a few areas

vi. Making small improvements, in many areas

vii. Implementing tools, techniques and methodologies

viii. Spreading awareness about Quality

20. In Statistics, ‘Mean’, ‘Median’ and ‘Mode’ are measures of

v. Central Tendencyvi. Variancevii. Deviation (Standard

Deviation)viii. Dispersion

21. Measure is a single attribute of quality (True/False)

22. Unit testing is associated witha. Regression testb. Black box testc. White box testd. Inspections

23. Which language is considered as the standard language for all web page applications?

a. JAVAb. COBOL

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c. XMLd. C++

24. In web based systems these systems will be customized to suit to different environments even though this is not in the requirements (True / False)

25. An organization took 3 years to reach from Level 1 to Level 3. It is very difficult to reach the Level 5 (True/False)

26. In Workbench model where Tools can be applied

a. At Plan & Dob. At Planc. At Dod. -----

27. What is ‘e’ is e-Commerce?a. Electricalb. Electronicc. Engineeringd. Economical

28. What is the Diagram shown below?

a. Histogramb. Pie Chartc. Bar Chartd. Check Sheet

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Objective-Paper-12

(List of 165 questions)

1. Pareto chart is also known as 80 - 20 rule T/F

2. What does 80 - 20 rule mean?

3. Pareto chart is aimed at -

4. Pareto concept was developed by -

A) Taiichi ohnoB) Edward Deming C) Malcolm BaldrigeD) Joseph JuranE) Pareto ans

5. Joseph juran identified that magnitude of wealth was controlled by small percent of people. T/F

6. What is pareto concept?

7. What is the objective of pareto chart?

8. What are the steps involved in using pareto chart?

9. Pareto chart can be used by any area in information systems T/F

10.Analysis of the problem does not require more time as the problem area is identified. T/F

11.Documenting can be automated or done manually. T/F

12.Documenting has to be automated T/F

13.Documenting has to be done on continuous basis T/F

14. Elimination process is used in reducing problems T/F

15. Pareto chart analysis continues until the process becomes defect free. T/F

16.In pareto analysios causes are ranked by frequency. T/F

17.What are the intrepretations of 80 - 20 rule/pareto analysis?

1.20% Of organisation's customers account for 80% of its revenue. 2.20% Of organisation's products produce 80% of profits. 3.80% of customers' complaints by volume are 20% of problems.

18.Use of pareto analysis is one of the most powerful quality tools. T/F

19.Steps followed in preparing a pareto analysis are –A)name the events that will be analysed. B)count the named incidences.C)rank the counts of frequency by a barchart.D)validate reasonableness of the pareto analysis.

20. Validating reasonableness of analysis means -Checking whether 20% of the defects account for 80% of the total frequency.

21. Very few individuals can differentiate between QC and QA T/F ?

22. Most QA groups infact practice QC. T/F

23. Between QA & QC latter is most important. T/F

24. Define Quality

25. Quality is an attribute of a ______________. A product something ____________.

26. Differentiate between process and artistic endeavors.

27. Quality Assurance is an activity which verifies whether or not the product produced meets standards. T/F

28. QA is an activity which establishes and evaluates process which produce the products. T/F

29. If there is no process there is no role for QA. T/F

30. QA would determine

a. need for, acquire or help install system develop methodologies b. estimation process c. system maintenance process

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d. all of the above e. none of the above

31. Process once installed ____________ would measure them find weaknesses in the ____________ and then __________ those weaknesses and to _____________, ____________ process.

32. It is possible to have _____________ without QA.

33. Define QA and QC.

34. Group the following as QA or QC:

a. It relates to specific product or serviceb. It requires whether specific attributes are in or in, a specific product.c. It identifies defects for the primary purpose correcting defects.d. It is the responsibility of the worker e. It helps establish processes f. it sets up measurement programs to evaluate processes g. it identifies weaknesses in process and improves the h. it is a management responsibility frequently performed by a staff functioni. ______ evaluates whether or not _______ is working the primary purpose of determining whether or not t is a weakness in the process j. it is concerned with specific product. k. it is concerned with all of the products that will be produced by a process l. it some times called __________ over _______ because it evaluates whether ___________ is workingm. __________ personnel should not ever perform ______ unless doing it to validate ___________is working.

35 - A Differentiating quality control from quality assurance

36. Quality Control is an activity which verifies whether or not the product produced meets standards (TRUE/FALSE)

37. Quality Assurance is an activity which establishes and evaluates the processes which produce the products ( T/F)

38. Quality Assurance would determine the need for A) Acquire or help install system development Methodologies.B) estimation processesC) system maintenance process D) All the above

39. Quality control relates to/concerned with a specific product or service (TRUE/FALSE)

40. Quality Assurance would measure the process to find weakness in the processed then correct those weakness to continually improve the process. (T/F)

41. Quality control verifies whether specific attribute(s) are in or not in a specific product or service.(T/F)

42. Quality Assurance evaluates whether or not quality control is working for the primary purpose of determining whether or not there is a weakness in the process (T/F)

43. Quality assurance is always called quality control over quality control because it evaluates whether quality control is working (T/F)

44. Quality Assurance is concerned with all of the products that will ever be produced by a process. ( T/F)

45. Quality assurance personnel should not ever perform quality control unless doing ti to validate qualitycontrol is working. (T/F)

46. Define Quality Assurance:

47. Define Quality Control:

48. What does quality mean?

49 . Between quality control and quality assurance, quality control is the most important. T/F

50. Quality is an attribute of the product or a service. T/F

51. Quality is achieved through ________________

52. What is quality control?

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53. What is quality assurance?

54. QA determines need to acquire or help install system development methodologies, estimation processes, system maintenance processes etc. T/F

55. It is possible to have QC without QA T/F

56. Differentiate between quality control and quality assurance.

* 1. Relates to specific product ³ Helps establish processes* Or service ³ Concerned with all * ³ Products.* 2. Verifies presence ofspecific ³ Sets up measurementprograms * Attributes in product/ ³ To evaluate processes. * Service ³ * ³ * 3. Identifies defects for ³ Identifies weaknesses in * Correcting them. ³ processes and improves them. * ³ Evaluates whether QC is* ³ working to determine * ³ weakness of product. * 4. Responsibility of worker ³ Responsibility of* ³ Management.* ³ * ³ QA is called quality control * ³ over quality control.* ³ Validates quality control. * 57. Define quality assurance?

58.Both QA and QC are required to make quality happen T/F

59. Define internal auditing:

60. Quality assurance is that activity within information systems charged with implementing the quality policy through developing and improving processes. (T/F)

61. Both internal auditing and quality assurance are professions. (T/F)

62. Internal auditors must have knowledge of the Standards for the Professional Practice of internal auditing and are required to comply with those standards in the performance of their work. (T/F)

63. Internal auditors normally coordinate their activities and work in conjunction with the organizations' firm of external auditors (T/F)

64. What is auditing?

65. Define internal auditing?

66.Internal auditing is -

A) An independent appraisal activity within organization. B) Reviews operations.C) service to management.

67. Define quality assurance?

A) activity within information system. B) implementing quality policy.C) through developing and improving process. D) leadership position.E) emphasizes strong interpersonal activities.

68. Both internal auditing & quality assurance are professions T/F Ans: T

69. Criteria of profession - * a) code of ethics* b) statement of responsibilities * c) program of continuing education * d) common body of knowledge* e) certification program * 70. Difference between auditing and QA lies in statement of responsibilities and CBOK T/F 71. Internal auditor involves in the developing of standards. T/F 72. Internal auditor evaluates QA principles of the company. T/F ANS73. Internal auditor evaluates interaction of all company groups to meeting objectives. T/F 74.Types of auditing are -

Financial auditing operational auditing Program auditing

75.Main role of QA is to identify and report problems and QA should have a positive role. T/F 76.Role of QA is to find and implement solutions for problems and has a positive role. T/F 77.Responsibility of internal auditors are -

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78.Skills of internal auditors -

a) Knowledge of standards for their practice and to comply with those standards.

b) Review means of safeguarding assets and verify existenceof assets.

c) Verify compliance of corporate policies, plans, procedures, and applicable laws and regulations.

d) Co-ordinate and work in conjunction with external auditors.

e) Communicate directly with senior corporate officers and Board of Directors.

79.Activities of QA -

1.Develop information system policies, procedures andstandards. 2.Acquire and implement tools and methodologies. 3.Market/create awareness programs/concepts. 4.Measure quality. 5.Defect analysis. 6.Statistical process control.

80. Quality means meeting requirements, meeting customer needs and a defect free product (a) Customers view point (b) Producers view point(c) a and b

81. Services are a form of product T/F 82. Quality is achieved through process T/F 83. Artists create products which involves process T/F 84.Activity which establishes and evaluates the process which produce the product a)QA b)QC c)a and b

82.QA would determine the need for 1. Acquire or help install system development methodologies 2. Estimation Process 3. System maintenance process a) 1 & 2 b) 1 &3 c)123

83.It is possible to have quality assurance without quality control

84.Quality control relates specific product or service T/F

85.QA is called QC over QC T/F

86. Judgement is an audit function T ?f

87. AQL means - 1. Audit quality level2. Audit quantity level 3. Accepted quality level 18. Management must support zero defects T/F

88. Deficiencies of AQL are -1. Undermines the concept of quality2. Does not aim at eradicating the cause of defectsFrom the processes.3. 1 & 24. None of the above.

89. Non conformance must be detected as early as possiblemeasured. T/F

90. High defect prone products and processes are identified testing the product after all processes are over. T/ F

91. 80% Of all defects are attributable to incorrect ineffective processes. T/

92. _____________ is responsible for processes and must accept the responsibility for nonconformance at least to 80% attributable to the processes.

1. QA department2. QC department3. Information technology management

93. The concept that is an integral part of information technology function is -

1. Meeting the requirements 2. Producing a quality product3. Customer's view of quality is the correct view quality.

94. Probability of being successful is extremely high, customer's problems are taken as company's problems.

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T/F

95. Quality work can be rewarded. T/F

96. The topics of standards and nonconformance should discussed in every meeting to improve quality. T/F

97. Quality is a ______________ Responsibility. 1. Staff2. Line 3. Both

98. Everyone should be involved in quality improvement programs. T/F99. Types of measurement of performance are - 1.strategic, statical, operational2.Strategic, tactical, operational

100. Match:1. Strategic - a. Operational management2. Tactical - b. Executive management3. Operational - c. Middle management 16. Quality assurance is a ____________ function. (line/staff)

101. Quality Assurance Dept should not have independent reporting line to senior management and they should report to middle management for better performance (T/F).

102. Generally the strength of QA dept should be ______________ percent of size of organization.

a) 1 to 2 b) 3 to 6 c) 10 to 20 d) 70 to 80

103.. Evaluations of planning are based upon the thoroughness and effectiveness of processes including the information used. (T/F)

104. Evaluations for strategic quality planning do not depend upon

a. How planning activities are organized b. Whether or not the company has a planning department or officer c. a & b

105. Quality assurance of products and services evaluations take into account consistency of execution of quality operations that incorporate a

sound prevention basis accompanied by continuous quality improvement activities.(T/F)

106. Consistency of execution is taken to mean the existence of defined and

a suitably recorded processes with clear delineation of responsibilities b consistently executing operationsc other factors

107. Evaluations for quality assurance of products and services depend upon

a. How responsibilities are distributed or organized or b. Whether or not the company has a quality organization or officerc. None of the above

108. Quality results category examines the company's quality improvement and quality levels by themselves and in relation to those of competitors. (T/F)

109. The number and types of measures for quality results depend upon factors such as

a the company's size b types of products and services c competitive environmentd all the above

110. Quality results evaluations consider whether or not the measures are sufficient to support overall improvement and to establish clear quality levels and comparisons. (T/F)

111. Methods used to determine whether or not the process is under control and is helpful in identifying root cause of process problems which are causing defects:-A) Prioritisation matrix B) statistical process control C) pareto chartD) control charts

112. The method by which product correct is determined and action is initiated when non-conformance is detected is: A) Quality assurance B) Quality control C) AuditingD) None of the above

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113. The order in which measurement types support an organization as TQM concept is

A) Tactical, strategic, work personnel B) work personnel, strategic, tactical C) strategic, tactical, work personnel D) None of the above

114. On a random basis, sample tests are done by QA person to determine whether or not the system met standards. This activity can be classified as A) Quality control B) Quality assurance C) Judgemental sampling

115. Which is not a good Q. A practice

A) Inspection by leaderB) Peer to Peer Review

116. The causes of frequency is arranged in pareto chart by A) ascending order B) decending order C) same order

117. Strategic quality plan should be part of A) Quality PlanC) Quality charter D) Overall Business Plan

118. As a Quality Assurance professional, which of the following skills do you feel is the most important for your professionA) Communication, written and oralB) MeasurementC) Tools, techniques and methodologiesD) Combination of any of the above twoE) None of the above

119.Your manager asks you to come up with a standard. The order in which you will accomplish it isA) Standard, Process and then, PolicyB) Policy, Standard and then, ProcessC) Process, Standard and then, PolicyD) Policy, Process and then, Standard

120. You are asked to implement a Standard as the Quality Manager. (i.e. You are made responsible to ensure those standards are followed by the team). Then which of the following will you do,

A) Show a circular from the Top Management, saying that the Standard has to be followed.B) Linking the following of standards to the individuals’ performance appraisal.C) Involve your people (the people who will be using the standard) in the development of the standard.D) Show them the standard and ask them to follow it

121 You are a Quality Assurance professional. You have been asked to address a problem, where the customer is reporting a lot of bugs. You will A) Initiate more Reviews, Walk-through and InspectionsB) Attach the number of bugs reported on a product to the concerned developers performance appraisalC) Recommend that more time be spent on system testingD) Do a root cause analysis of the bugs and try to prevent them from occurring again

122.As a Quality Assurance professional, you will be doingA) Reviews, Walk-throughs , and inspectionsB) Unit TestingC) Statistical Process ControlD) Identify the weak areas in a SDLC, take corrective action, so as to ensure it does not occur again

123. Quality Analysts are involved withA) Defect DetectionB) CorrectionC) Defect PreventionD) ProtectionE) None of the aboveF) Ensuring that all the processes are followed, by conducting periodic checks

124. A ‘Run Chart’ can be used to identify the cause of defects. A) TRUEB) FALSE

125. To complete your tasks/job(work-product), when you are going through a document and adopting the steps detailed in it, in a sequential manner, you are following aA) WorkbenchB) FlowchartC) ProcessD) Procedure

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126. Quality assurance is a function responsible for --------------------------------.A) Controlling qualityB) Managing qualityC) InspectionsD) Removal of defects

127. Quality assurance is a catalytic function which should encourage quality attitudes and discipline on the part of management and workers..A) trueB) false

128. The word management in quality assurance describes many different functions, encompassing A) Policy managementB) Human resources management, safety controlC) Component control and management of other resources and daily schedules.D) All of the aboveE) None of the above

129. In statistical process control, statistics are used for determining whether the process is within acceptable variance from standards.A) TrueB) False

130. Statistical process control help to identify the ------------------------- of process problems which are causing defects. A) Root causeB) NatureC) Person/persons involvedD) All of the abE) None of the above

131.Statistical methods are used to differentiate random variation from ---------------.A) StandardsB) assignable variationC) Control limitsD) Specification limits

132. Random causes of process problems can be ---------------------- eliminated.A) SometimesB) NeverC) RarelyD) Always

133. Statistical methods are used to ---------------------------- and ------------------------- problems incurred as a result of operating processes.A) Identify, solveB) Accumulate, analyseC) Measure, probe intoD) Find, project134. Pareto chart provides corrective actions for high frequency causes of problems.A) trueB) false

135.Pareto concept is merely an ---------------------------- of the ------------------------ of a problem by type of cause.A) Effective method, analysisB) Accumulation, resultant effectC) organized ranking,causes

136. The steps involved in developing a pareto chart are:A) identify problem areaB) identify and nam,e causes of the problemC) document the occurrence of the causes of the problemD) rank the causes by frequency, using pareto chartE) all of the aboveF) none of the above

137. The Quality manager will find it difficult to effectiviely implement the QAI Quality Improvement Process, unless his organisation is willing to accept the Quality principles as aA) the organisation’s policyB) a challengeC) the corporate visionD) the organisation’s goalE) a management philosophyF) all of the above

138. Pareto chart provides corrective action for high-frequency causes of problemsA) TrueB) False

139. The step-by-step method to ensure that standards are met is a A) ProcedureB) ChecklistC) ProcessD) Checksheet

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140 An activity that verifies compliance with policies and procedures and ensures that resources are conserved isA) an inspectionB) an auditC) a reviewD) an assessment

141. Which is rated the number one skill required for the quality assurance analyst?A) ReadingB) OralC) WritingD) Arithmetic

142. Quality Assurance Manager is responsible for Quality Assurance activityA) TrueB) False

143. Quality assurance isA) A management responsibilityB) Worker's responsibility

144. The five generally accepted criteria namely code of ethics, statement of responsibilities, Program of continuing education, Common body of knowledge and Certification program are recognized for

A) A ProfessionB) An internal auditC) Quality assuranceD) All of the aboveE) None of the above

145. The difference between Internal auditing and Quality Assurance center heavily aroundA) Statement of responsibilitiesB) Common body of knowledgeC) Code of ethicsD) A and BE) A and CF) A, B and C

146. Internal auditing can get involved in A) Developing proceduresB) StandardsC) A and BD) Evaluating the interaction of group companies

147. Skills to be possessed by internal auditor but need not by a quality analyst are

A) Knowledge of standards for the professional practice of internal auditingB) To perform statistical process controlC) To acquire and implement tools

148. QAI believes that the main role of auditing is to

A) Find and implement solutions for the problemsB) measure qualityC) market the awareness of quality conceptsD) identify and report problems


A) Communication, written and oralB) Measurement C) Tools, techniques and methodologiesD) Combination of any of the above twoE) None of the above 150. Your manager asks you to come up with a standard. The order in which you will accomplish it isA) Standard, Process and then, PolicyB) Policy, Standard and then, ProcessC) Process, Standard and then, PolicyD) Policy, Process and then, Standard

151. According to Dr. Ishikawa, the term ‘Strive for Zero Defects’ helps the staff to achieve it.A) TRUEB) FALSE

152. You are a Quality Assurance professional. You have been asked to address a problem, where the customer is reporting a lot of bugs. You will A) Initiate more Reviews, Walk-through and InspectionsB) Attach the number of bugs reported on a product to the concerned developers performance appraisalC) Recommend that more time be spent on system testingD) Do a root cause analysis of the bugs and try to prevent them from occurring again

153. An example of deployment of a quality approach is:A) The degree to which the approach embodies effective evaluation cycles

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B) The effectiveness of the use of tools, techniques, and methodsC) The contribution of outcomes and effects to quality improvementD) The significance of improvement to the company’s business

154. The concept of continuous improvement as applied to quality meansA) Employees will continue to get betterB) Processes will be improved through a few large improvementsC) Improved technology will be added to the process, such as acquiring CASE toolsD) The functionality of the products will be enhanced

155. Question on definition of 'Quality Policy'

156. Most useful skill of a QAA) Oral, and written communication

157. What are the 7 quality tools?

158. Aim given to control charts is:

159. Who initiates change in IT process/ methodology:A) QA ManagerB) IT Manager

160. QA does not have:A) Code of ethicsB) CBOKC) Statement of responsibilitiesD) Wrong option

161. Cause-and-Effect diagram is - definition.162. Definition of Pareto concept.

163. Post-implementation review is:A) AuditB) ProcessC) Quality assuranceD) Quality Control

164. Drawing a sample to make conclusions about the quality of a program - tech. used:A) Statistical SamplingB) Judgemental sampling

1. Histogram2. Scatter diagram3. Stratification4. Check sheet5. Run Chart

6. Ishikawa Diagram

165. Pareto Analysis

A) A tool to classify possible cause of the problemB) Method to seek out most importance cause of the problemC) A form to gather and record data in an organized mannerD) A technique used to divide data into homogenous groupsE) Plot showing relationship between 2 variablesF) A bar graph to display the frequency of occurrences of the measure dataG) Statistical technique to monitor the stability of the process

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