conservation management plan of melaka world heritage site

Melaka and George Town,Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca

Conservation Management Plan (CMP) of Melaka World Heritage Site

Slides of the abstract of the Plan. Kindly request from Melaka World Heritage Office for Purchase.

BUKIT CINA(part of buffer zone)

WH Property45.33 ha

Buffer Zone242.30 ha

Contents of Melaka CMP

i. Form and Content of the Report

ii. Part 1 of Report : VISION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN

iii. Part 2 of Report : DEVELOPMENT GUIDE PLAN FOR MELAKA WHS

iv. Part 3 of Report: DEVELOPMENT GUIDE PLAN FOR GEORGE TOWN WHS

S TAT E M E N T O F S I G N I F I C A N C E

OUV Criteria (ii) : exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design.

Statement of Significance (extract from nomination dossier)

“The Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca : Melaka and George Town” represent exceptional examples of multi-cultural trading towns in East and Southeast Asia, forged from the mercantile and civilization exchanges of Malay, Chinese, Indian and European cultures.”

Influence of Successive Colonial Rulers- The Malay Sultanate legacy- The Portuguese legacy- The Dutch legacy- The British legacyCentres of Historic Administration- St Paul’s Hill as the seat of power of Melaka- Fortaleza de Malaca, Melaka- Town Square, Melaka- Fort Cornwalis and the Government and Administrative

Centre, George TownImportant ports of the East-West trade along the Straits of Malacca- The Melaka River and bridge- Upeh – the historic residential and commercial precinct

of Melaka- The Right Bank – Lorong Hang Jebat, Jalan Kampung

Pantai and Jalan Kampung Hulu, Melaka- The Harbour and Jetties of George Town- Weld Quay and the Ghauts, George TownTowns of migrants and multiculturalism- Ethnic trades- Craft products- Little IndiaEclectic architecture as a fusion of migrants’ influences- Architectural typesCities for Commerce and for Living- The historic residential and commercial zone,

Melaka- Historic commercial centre, George Town- The Chinese Kongsis, George Town- Clan Jetties, George Town


OUV Criteria (iii) : bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a culturalt radition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared.

Statement of Significance(extract from nomination dossier)

“The Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca: Melaka and George Town” are living testimony to the multi-cultural heritage and tradition of Asia, where the greatest religions, and cultures met. The coexistence of distinct faiths - both tangible and intangible - in particular the different religious buildings, is a testament to the religious pluralism of Asia.

Exchanges of civilization, cultures and religions- Coexistence of different ethnic groups- Persistence of culture and lifestyle- Festivals- Cuisine- Street activitiesInter-ethnic assimilation- Straits Chinese- Indians in Melaka- Jawi Peranakan- Chitty- Arab MalaysReligious Pluralism in Melaka and George Town- Kampung Hulu Mosque, Melaka- Kampung Keling Mosque, Melaka- Kapitan Keling Mosque, George Town- Acheen Street Malay Mosque, George

Town- Cheng Hoon Teng Temple, Melaka- Kuan Yin Temple, George Town- Sri Poyattha, Melaka- Sri Mahamariamman Temple, George Town- Altars- Kolams


OUV Criteria (iv) : be an outstanding example of a type of building or architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history

Statement of Significance(extract from nomination dossier)

“The Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca : Melaka and George Town” reflect the coming together of cultural elements from elsewhere in the Malay Archipelago and from India and China with those of Europe to create a unique architecture, culture and townscape without parallel anywhere in the East and South East Asia. In particular a range and exceptional architecture of shophouses and townhouses”

The shophouse as a outstanding example of an architectural type- Eclectism of shophouse architecture- Construction and materiality of the

shophouses- Five footways- Urban form and roofstructure- Open air well- Feng shui, vashtu shastra and other beliefs- Eclectic mix of ornamentation

S T R E N G T H , W E A K N E S S , O P P O R T U N I T Y A N D T H R E AT

• Traditional built landscape and multicultural meaning of space

• Centre for religious and cultural activities and festivals

• Intangible Heritage• Living multicultural population• Large stock of pre-war shophouses• Economic base remains relatively intact• Centre of financial activity (GT)• Cultural tourism

• Traffic congestion• Lack pedestrian connections• Need for public open spaces• Lack awareness on the value of conservation• Weak management and support for conservation of

heritage sites in the past• Weak management of services, infrastructure and

utilities• Signage and branding pollution• Building Methods: Lack of skills, retiring artisan Trade

and Lack of availability of materials

• Waterfront and riverfront• Rehabilitation of dilapidated and vacant buildings• Urban regeneration• Supporting arts and culture• The shophouse as model for sustainable building• Conservation practice : encourage best practice and

capacity building • Cultural tourism

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at• Incompatible developments• Large numbers of dilapidated and vacant properties• Non compliance and enforcement capability/capacity• Displacement of traditional communities and

gentrification• Declining traditional trades and activity• Pollution • Mass tourism and visitor management• Conflict of conservation/heritage with lifestyle changes• Ownership by foreigners

V I S I O N S TAT E M E N T A N D C O N S E RVAT I O N P R I N C I P L E S

A Historic URBAN CULTURAL LANDSCAPEAn inhabited site displaying historic layering of built, cultural, social and economic values resulting from reciprocity over time between humans, the geographical environment and the broader urban context.

1 LIVING CULTURAL HERITAGE 1.1 Intangible Living Culture Commercial/Social/Cult. Activity Space use Patterns Expressions (Oral/performative/ manners / customs) Belief systems Sense of Identity

1.2 Tangible Living Culture Items for religious/cultural use Items for domestic use (eg food, dress, household items) Products for industrial use Domestic/Cult/ Religious artifacts

2 BUILT CULTURAL HERITAGE 2.1 Intangible Built Culture Land use patterns Building Use patterns Expressions (Architecture Streetscape/Townscape) Sense of Place

2.2 Tangible Built Culture: Single /Group of Buildings Public Parks/Gardens Monuments & Structures Archaeological Sites Pathways & Streets Technical Infrastructure

Documents / Records Materials and equipment Communities/ Human Resource

Components of the Historic Dynamic Living City

Skills and knowledge

Design Elements

Creative Technology

Building Methods

Transmission Methods

Organisation and Management

Conservation of the built cultural heritage Conservation Practice

V I S I O N S TAT E M E N T A N D C O N S E RVAT I O N P R I N C I P L E S

i. Authenticity & Interpretation

ii. Building Useiii. Reversibility & Adaptationiv. Dismantlingv. Fire Protectionvi. Demolitionvii. Alteration and Extensionviii. Height, Vistas, Enclaves and

Streetscapesix. Conservation Regulations

by Category I, IIA,II.

**Maximum Retention and

Minimum Intervention

part 2MELAKA WHS

Identification Criteria

B U I LT C U LT U R A L H E R I TA G E

1) Cultural Significance

2) Historic Significance

3) Architectural Significance

4) Close historical association

5) Significance of setting

6) Group value

7) Age and rarity value

8) Physical features of the

building

Protection, Conservation & Adaptation

Category ICategory

IIACategory

II

Compatible Development

Infill Developmen

t

Replacement

Categories and their Definitions

B U I LT C U LT U R A L H E R I TA G E

Categories

Height Control

Open Space

Riverwalk/ Promenade

River

Core Zone Boundary

Retain as Existing Height (Core Area)Maximum Height 12 meter

S t a d i u m H a n g T u a h

D a t a r a n P a h l a w a n

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C h e e A n c e s t r a l H o u s e B u k i t

C i n a

S t a d t h u y s

S t . F r a n c i s X a v i e r C h u r c h

S t r a i t s o f M e l a k a

River

Core Zone Boundary

Water Taxi Route

Existing Jetty

Proposed Jetty

Water Taxi JettyS t a d i u m H a n g T u a h

D a t a r a n P a h l a w an

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1. Melaka Boat Jetty2. Dutch Square Jetty3. Padang Nyim Jetty4. Kg Pantai Jetty5. Kg Jawa Jetty6. Hang Tuah Jetty7. Bunga Raya Pantai Jetty8. Kg Morten Jetty9. Hang Jebat Jetty

1

8

7

5

3

2

4

6

9

Landmark, Nodes, Focal Point, Vistas

Landmark, Nodes & Focal Point

Riverwalk/ Promenade RiverCore Zone Boundary

Vistas

1. Kg. Hulu Mosque2. Cheng Hoon Teng Temple3. Kampung Kling Mosque4. Sri Poyatha Vinayagar Moorthi5. St. Francis Xavier Church6. Christ Church7. Stadthuys8. Ruins of St. Paul Church9. Malay Sultanate Palace10. A Famosa Fort11. Proclamination of Independent

Memorial12. Sam Poh Kong Temple13. Hang Li Po’s Well14. Chee Anchestral Mansion15. Dataran Pahlawan Mall16. Mahkota Parade17. Taming Sari Observation Tower18. Harmoni Plaza19. Kg. Pantai Plaza

1

7

6

5

4

3

2

1110

12

98

16

15

14

13

17

18



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Landmarks, Vistas and Focal Points

Pedestrian Routes

River

Core Zone Boundary


D a t a r a n P a h l a w an


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Water Taxi Route

Existing Jetty

Proposed Jetty

Backlanes

Sidewalk

Pedestrian Priority Street

Open Space

Strategy for Public Open Space and Pedestrian Connections

Open Space

Open Space

Riverwalk/ Promenade

River

Core Zone Boundary

1

65

43

2

8

7

1014

12

11

15

9

1. St. Paul Hill2. Taman (Jalan Taman)3. Linear Park project 14. Padang Kemerdekaan5. Linear Park Project 26. Hang Jebat Plaza7. Laksamana Plaza8. Nyiru park9. Bunga Raya Pantai Park10. Kg. Pantai Plaza11. Harmoni Plaza12. Jonker Park13. Cathay Park14. Bukit Cina15. Dutch Square



J o n k e r S t r e e t


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Proposed Landscape Network