conhotel for sierra blanca new mexico

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CONHOTEL

FOR

SIERRA BLANCA

NEW MEXICO

ROLLO GURSS

Summer ' 7 8

- I -

rn j lA This is a program for Architecture Thesis at Texas Tech

• University. The prelect is a ConHotel f(>r Sierra Blanca Ski

Area near Ruidoso, New Mexico. (A ConHotel is i cross between

a condorninium and a hotel.) The ConHotel is 100 units with dining

areas, lounges, shops, lobbies, and parking. This enables people

during the winter to stay at the ski an i during the night and

ski during the day. During the summer, shopping, hiking, golf,

and tennis will attract people to the area.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

I. Acknowledgements 1

2 . Introduction 2

3. History 3

4. Client 6

5. Concept 12

PART II

6. Site 13

7 . Site Analysis 29

PART III

8. Skiing 35

9. Building Criteria 55

10. Weather 59

II. Financing ^5

12. Building Codes ^6

PART IV

13. Exhibits ^^

14. Footnotes ^2

15. Bibliography "7A

PART V

16 . Documentation 7 5

II • ) • )

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

At one time I didn't believe this program would be possible to

complete. I have been an employee of the Sierra Blanca Ski Area and

the Mescalero Apache Indian Tribe for two years and obtained most

of this information through various people I have met. When I wrote

the Chief, Wendell Chino for assistance he answered with the attached

letter. A copy was also sent to Roy Parker who had earlier given

his okay for the study. At this dead end I discovered that there was

someone else who had access to all of this information that Mr. Chino

felt was so secret. This was the National Forest Service who monitors

the area daily. Jim Paxton, the Sierra Blanca Snow Ranger, as he is

titled,was more than willing to help in any way that he could. It is from

him that the majority of maps, charts, and general information was re

ceived.

- " > _

The Sierra Blanca Ski Resort is the Southern most ski

resort In the United States.The area is located on National

Forest Lands near Ruidoso, New Mexico. The Mescalero Apache

Tribe owns the improvements and have operated the area since

1963 under permit from the Lincoln National Forest.

Ruidoso is located on Highway 70 running East to West

and is bisected North and South by U.S. 24. The Sierra Blanca

Ski Resort is approximately 16 miles Northwest of Ruidoso

on a two lane paved access road. Other means of access to the

area are by air with both passenger and freight service and

a bus system. These systems connect Ruidoso to the Mescalero

Reservation and the surrounding towns of Roswell and

Almogordo.

The Sierra Blanca Ski Resort is the first major under

taking by the Mescalero Indians. It has turned out to be an

economic success for Ruidoso and created new revenue for

the surrounding areas. Tourists, new ski shops, restaurants,

lounges, and overnight accommodations have been increased

and are dependent upon the success of the area.

The Mescalero's second largest undertaking is the Inn

of the Mountain Gods complex. This 16 million dollar facility

is to be linked by a tram system to the ski area sometime

in the future. Today the two areas are connected by a bus.

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Sierra Blanca Ski Area is located on the 12,003 ft.

Sierra Blanca Peak. It enjoys warm, sunny skiing in ideal

conditions with powder in the winter and "corn snow'" in the

spring. The mountain has an average snowfall that exceeds

170 Inches. The record snowfall was in the 1972-73 season

with 360 inches.

Last year's season (1976-1977) set new records in the

area with more than 149p00 skiiers visiting during the 123

day season. This was in sharp contrast to the ''lack of

snow'' that occurred all over Colorado and Utah.

The evolution of Sierra Blanca began after World

War II when local residents began skiing at the upper end

of Cedar Creek, just 3h miles from the present Smokey Bear

RangerStation. At this time there was only one run served

by a gasoline powered rope tow. A crowd for the slope

was 100 people. The ski bug hit the Ruidoso area and business

leaders began to promote a major ski area. In the early

1950's the Forest Service began a study and in 1957 they

released a prospectus for a ski area to be built in White

Mountain Park. Robert 0. Anderson of Hondo Oil and Gas

Company thought the idea financially sound and

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obtained the bid for the area. With Kingsbury Pitcher as general

manager, work on the area progressed. In December of 1961, Sierra

Blanca Ski Area began operations with three T-bar lifts and six

runs. In 1962, a four passenger gondola was completed and opened

to the top of the mountain. It is a 7,700 foot long lift with a

vertical rise of 1700 ft. This new lift opened the way for many

more ski runs.

In 1963, the Mescalero Apache Tribe bought the improvements

and the Forest Service transferred the permit to the tribe. Mr.

Roy Parker was appointed to head operations for the tribe and

remains in that position today. Through the years there have been

many important additions. This last summer a new chair lift was

installed to replace the Lincoln T-bar. This brings the total of

Sierra Blanca's lifts to: one four passenger gondola, two double

chair lifts, two T-bar lifts, two Mitey-Mites, amd one Poma Lift.

Sierra Blanca's 23 miles of ski trails offer something for all

levels of skiers, from the virtually flat base area for beginners

to the expert runs such as Terrible and Caliente.

Forest Service administration of the special use permit is

accomplished by the Snow Ranger. His job is one of cooperation

with the ski area management in hazard identification and problem

solving. The Snow Ranger makes daily inspections of all ski lifts,

trails, and facilities to make sure that equipment is safe and

operable and that unusual hazard does not exist on the ski slopes.

The teaching activity of the Certified Ski School and the

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rescue and first-aid procedures of the Ski Patrol are monitored

closely to insure that the skiing public receives the best possible

service.

The primary use for the ski area is for winter sports and

recreation. This area is a prime watershed and an excellent wild

life habitat.The 1200 acres of National Forest, which comprise the

headquarters of the North Fork of the Rio Ruidoso, yield an average

of 700 acre feet - or 230 million gallons of water. This factor is

a very important consideration in design for this area.

^ - - • * •

- h -

The client for this project will be the Mescalero Xpache Indian

Tribe, which owns the ski area imprnvemints at this time. All design

and construction decisions are made by the Tribal Council whose

president is Wendell Chino. All building permits must be approved through

the U.S. Forest Service before any construction can occur.

-7-

OFFICIAL NAME

ADDRESS

Mescalero Apaclu Tribe

P.O. Box 176

Mescalero, New Mexico

TRIBAL COUNCIL Wendell Chino, President

Sarason Miller, Vice-President

Frederick Peso, Secretary

Raymond Kirgan, Treasurer

Virginia Klinekole, Member

Evelyn Breuninger, Member

Alton Peso, Member

Frank Chino, Member

Cedric Second, Member

Christie LaPaz, Member

(As of December, 1974)

SUPERINTENDENT, MESCALERO AGENCY BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS (BIA): Wyman McDonald

TRIBAL POPULATION (June, 1973) 1,925

Information from Mescalero publication, "Mescalero at a Glance",

•I

Mescalero Apache Tribe, 6/16/75.""

-8-

MESCALERO APACHE INDIAN RESERVATION

SIZE: 460,563 acres

LAND USE: 260,000 acres grazing land 190,000 acres commercial timber Over 9,000 ft. - 1,000 acres 7,000-9,000 ft. - 135,000 acres Below 7,000 ft. - 135,000 acres Elevation of Mescalero, Silver Canyon and Cienega Canyon Development areas - approximately 7,000 ft.

CLIMATE: Frost free season - 170 days Average precipitation - 19.4 inches Minimum precipitation - 1924, - 11.93 inches. Maximum precipitation - 1941, - 39.13 inches. Average % sunshine, 43 years, - 79.1% Mean temperature - 49.6° Mean minimum temperature - 3.0° Mean maximum temperature - 82.1°

GEOLOGIC BASE: Carboni-ferrous limestone with igneous intrusions

CROPS: Oats, alfalfa, grass

CATTLE HERD: 5,000 herefords

TIMBER: 600 million merchantable board feet. Douglas Fir, \^ite Fir, Pondarosa Pine, -Jhite Pine, Spruce.

TRANSPORTATION: Railhead - Tularosa, New Mexico. (Southern Pacific) Airport - Ruidoso, New Mexico. Commercial Airline - Almogordo, New Mexico (Frontier) Commercial trucking - Navajo and Whitfield Trucklines at Mescalero Bus Line - Mescalero

ELECTRICITY: R.E.A. and Community Public Service

GAS: Butane, propane, and natural gas

-9-

WATER: Distribution systems from local springs and wells.

SEWAGE: Septic tank and settling basins.

APACHE CRAFTS: Basketry and bead work.

OFFICIAL TRIBAL NAME: Apache Tribe of Mescalero Reservation.

ADDRESS: Mescalero, New Mexico.

RESERVATION POPULATION: 1,463 (Year 1963). 1,750 (Year 1968).

TYPES OF INDIAN: Mescalero and Chiricahua Apache.

GOVERNMENT: Eight man Tribal (Council) elected at large.

PRESIDENT: Wendell Chino.

TRIBAL SYMBOL: Gahen Dancer.

AVAILABLE WORK FORCE: 600 persons.

PERMANENT POPULATION: Ruidoso - 4,000 Tularosa - 4,000 Almogordo - 21,000

RECREATION WATERS: Lakes, existing and immediately planned 222.2 surface acres. Streams - 42.7 miles.

WILDLIFE POPULATION: Deer- 4,000 Bear- 300 Elk-350 Antelope- 500 Turkey- 3,000

CHURCHES: Four Protestant, one Catholic (Mescalero)

-10-

MEDICAL FACILITIES: Fifteen bed P.H.S. Hospital (Mescalero).

TELEPHONE; Ruidoso Telephone Company,

SCHOOLS: Public Schools grades 1-6, Mescalero: Pu-lic schools grade 1-12 in Tularosa, Almogordo, Ruidoso, and Cloudcroft; Community College in Almogordo,

TELEVISION: El Paso, Texas and Roswell, New Mexico, broadcast with a Repeater Station serving Mescalero.

RESERVATION ROADS: (Existing and immediately planned) 46 miles paved. 202 miles first class gravel. 200 miles second class gravel. 300 miles unimproved.

TRIBAL CEREMONIAL: Held annually in July at Mescalero, Puberty rites, Indian dances, and rodeo.

3 SOURCE: MESCALERO INFORMATION PUBLICATION

-12-

No overnight accommodations are available at the present

time in Sierra Blanca. The need for this type of accommodations

is great at the present time and the problem is becoming

greater with each passing year. For this reason I chose to

place a Hotel-Condo complex at the area. To meet these needs

of man is important, but designing with nature is of upmost

importance also. The structure should not work against nature

but in harmony with it. Interior and exterior spaces should

reflect this relationship between man and nature.

^ \ Z 4

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Maps that are included in this section are:

*Location

*Master Plan - Sierra Blanca Ski Area

*Existing facilities (and written description)

*Vegetation

*Drainage and Soils

*Transportation and Utilities

*Building characteristics chart

*Detailed site plan

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-23-

Description of Facilities

The Sierra Blanca Ski Area includes the following facilities:

1. Lifts and Trails

Lifts and trails are described in Tables 1 and 2, and identified

on the Existing Facilities Map. The ski area has eight lifts and

24 trails.

2. Parking

The parking area accomodates 840 vehicles.

3. Buildings and Other Facilities

Buildings and other facilities include the following structures:

a. Main Lodge - This is a building of 5,500 square feet and

includes a 3,000 square foot area cafeteria and bar, kitchen,

retail sport shop for soft items (gloves, outerware, notions,

etc.) and lavatories.

b. Rental Shop - The Rental Shop consists of 2,500 square feet

and includes a ski rental room and a ski instructor's room.

No skis are sold here.

c. Gazebo - Thee Gazebo is located at the terminus of the

gondola and the double chair lift and incorporates a super

panorama of the surrounding countryside Including White

Sands and the Tularosa lava beds. Facilities include a

lounge, limited food and drink, as well as toilets.

d. Office Building - The new office building includes all

-'>A-

administrative offices, the ticket office and toilets.

e. First Aid Building - The First Aid Building is 800 square

feet and includes beds and first aid facilities as well as

Ski Patrol Headquarters.

f. Maintenance Shop - This building (2,000 square feet) includes

most of the machine repair and maintenance equipment.

S' Ca^'penter Shop - This building contains most wood working

and contains paint storage.

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-28-

EXISTING

BUILDING CHARACTERISTICS

SIERRA BLANCA SKI AREA

1978

BUILDING

Main Lodge

Ski Rental Shop

Gazebo

Office Building

First Aid Building

Maintenance Building

Carpenter Shop

Employee Units (3)

Two Storage Units

Four Rental Units

Lower Terminal Gondola

SQUARE

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Idin^ Confltruction I l l u5 - ra t ed .. 6

Climatic Regions of the Uni ted States

A cominofi.tlity ol clim.jnc conditions -vuhm a yeo<jrdphic d(<ia ^ i i l consii iuie a clmtaiic region or :one A number of systems have been propose'1 for classifvinq climatic regions w thm ;-e United Stat.-,"" For purposes ot discussing the variation m sotar dwelling and system design wruch resut because of (Mlyrent climatic conditions oni/ d broad description ol clim.ites o( the United States is required W K()j)pi;t> s c.l.issitK .ition ol cl im.i i fs. b.iscd 'ipon vt,(jL'ldtujn. has been the basis ul numerous studies about housing design and cl imate* Using this criterion, four broad climatic zones are lo be found in me United States cool, temperate, hotand. and hoi-humid The areas of the United States which exhibit the general characteristics associated with each zone are shown below The boundary between regions is not as abrupt as indicated Each different climatic region merges gradually and almost mvisibly into the next one

- 3 0 -

T- e climat'C char jcer st cs ol eac^ 'egmn j -e not umfofn-i Thev rray vary r o ' ^ r-.-'/.'ren and .-. •'~in regions in fac: •! is "ot urûsua' ' : r O""'' 'cqion to f^«i"it)it j t onH • - ' 1 ^ or j r -of^ '"r t - e c h a r j c l ^ ' i b i ' t s

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eacn re'z^r. '^^s an r.'ê'ent cârjctu' o' Aed;""*' pa t te rs ;f"dt distir.qiîsres it •'•om me oi'iers ^ t r of description of ;he four c '^d'^c :ones will l uc ' '* me general conditions to w^ ch solar :.\>r\>n:] and sne designs m ihose ê-îors must ê rescc^sive ' ^ e variation m dwei ' i rq ,ind soiar system Jesiqn because of tfese climatic oifferences -v I become

COOL

tarid regions: Hot and regions are r-jcterized D, c'iâr sky dry atmosphere extended O'ls of ovcrhf.jting uid largo diumal temDerdi-..re e Wind :!irection is generdHy along an E W axis

T vari3tions betw.-en day Jî^ evening

l -humid regions: High temperature and con Bnt vdpor pressure .ire characteristic ol hot humid ons VVird velocities and direction vary uohout the year and ihroufihout the day Wmd cties of up to i : 0 fTiph -3v accnmr.-,ny icanes which can he exoected from E SE Jirec

Cool regions: A wide range of temcerature is Ch. i rnc tens t iC 0^ COOl r e g i o n s T e n o o r . , i , i r o s • m p u S

3 0 ' Fl 34 4"C) to plus 100^ F (37 8 Cl have been recorded Hot summers an j cold wmiers wrm ;;rf sistent .vmds year round. generaiW out of me \/>( and SE. are the primary identifdbie i ra i ^ * cool regions Aiô the norme'n location -T!o^l often associated witli cool climates receives loss .v.i.u radiation then southern locations

Tempera te regions: An equal vi stnnution ?i overheated and undt-rheated Leriods is chdracenst'C of temperate regions Seasonal winds " c m t' e \.\ and S along A.ih ceriods of h^^h hum.dity 3- d lar.je amnui ts of prec Citation are comm.-n 'rans . ' len ie ra te -eqiors Interm ttant pp'-i.ts " C •"'jr Sdn ny ddys are followed nv extended êr'Gd^ i '• riov. v, overcast Jays

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-35-

SKIING LIST OF C11\RTS

Characteristics of Lifts

Characteristics of Trails

Design Standards

Ski Lifts/ Tow Capacities

Plans for Lifts by Phases

Enjoyable Aspects of Favorite Ski Areas

Conhotel Activities

Client Makeup

IX

-36-

This year there have been five davs with 4000 plus skiiers, The

weekend average has been 3300 and the weekday average has been

1000-1200 skiiers. The uphill lift capacity is * 3000/ hour and

with expansion it will increase to -4500/ hour,

-37-

CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFTS


1977

Key

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

Lifts

Gondola, 4 pass.

Double Chair

Lincoln T-Bar

Cpaitan T-Bar

Baby T-Bar

Poma Lift

Mitey Mite

Double Chair

Year Installed

1962

1965

1961

1961

1961

1966

1969-1975

1977

Length

7,960'

5,100'

2,760'

1,700'

690'

320'

300'

4,810'

Vertical

1,700'

1

1

,310'

521'

471'

80'

40'

30'

,125'

Line Speed

580

480

580

580

480

370

300

450


1 (V. - (V. —J<

CHARACTERISTICS OF TRAILS


1977

38

K^y.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

Trail

Poma Lift

Baby T-Bar

Spruce Trail

Sierra Blanca

Moonshine Gul(

Lower Chair L

Snow Park

Smokey Bear

Ambush

Deep Freeze + Catwalk

Apache Bowl

Meadows

Geronimo

Capitan

Incredible

The Terrible

Peebles

Gondola Lift 1

Chute

Trail

;h

Lne

Lincoln

L.ine

Classification

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

3

Acres

1.0

1.5

6.7

I'S.O

7.3

1.6

5.1

4,5

3.^

11.3

85,0

3.9

6.7

12.3

2.8

4.6

8.6

8,7

0,8

CONT.

r«. ' r«. atiav

Ke^

20

21

22

23

24

25

Trail

Chino

Caliente

Slalom Hill

Rover

East Meadows

Lincoln Chair Lin

* Classification

1 Beginner and Novice (5-25% gradient)

2 Intermediate (20-45% gradient)

3 Expert (more than 40%)


-39-

Classification Acres

2 4.2

3 3.8

3 6.3

3 15.0

2 2.6

3 5.0

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PLANS FOR LIFTS BY PHASES


Kex

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Existing Facilities Length

Gondola

Baby T-Bar

Poma Lift

7,960'

Double Chair 5,100'

Lincoln T-Bar 2,760

Capitan T-Bar 1,700'

800'

400'

Mitey Mite (2) 350'

Lift Capacity

(CL)

500

900

787

750

700

350

300

Ride Time (tx)

13.7

10.6

4.8

2.9

1.4

0.9

1.0

Ski Time (ts)

16.4

12.7

5.8

3.5

1.7

1.1

1.2

Vertical Feet (VF)

1,700'

1,310'

521'

471'

80'

40'

30'

SUBTOTAL

Capacitv (CS)

POD USES

374 669

574 928

335 323

269 278

212 44

99 11

172 14

2035 2267

PHASE I

H Double Chair Replaces Lincoln

T-Bar 5,000' 900 10.9 13.0 1,310' 584 928

I Lincoln T-Bar to Apache Bowl 1,800' 750 2.6 3.1 600'

SUBTOTAL

259 354

843 1382

PHASE II

K

Baby T-Bar to Lower Spruce

Up and Over Chair Lift

800' 700

4,000' 1,200

1.3

10.0

1.6

12.0

70'

800'

184

740

39

756

SUBTOTAL 924 795

Cent, on next page 13

(V ..Ml

-4 3-

Kex_

Existing Facilities Length

Double Chair Lift Access to Lincoln T-Bar 1,200'

Lift Capacity

(CL)

Ride Time (tx)

Ski Time (ts)

Vertical Feet (VF)

700 2.3 2.8 80'

Capacitv (CG)

POD USES

237 l^y,

M Chair Lift in Sections 27 & 34 4,800'

N Double Chair Lift Sections 28 & 33 4,000'

0 Chair Lift Section 28 3,000'

800 10.7 12.8 1,100'

900 8.9 10.7 1,375'

800 6.7 8.0 1,300'

SUBTOTAL

TOTAL

LESS REPLACED LIFTS

GRAND TOTAL

512

519

693

975

395

1663

5465

335

5130

_919

2785

7229

^23

6906

AVERAGE 6018

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-1 ft- ---v • aa^Mi—^fc*^*^

45-

ENJOYABLE ASPECTS OF FAVORITE SKI AREAS

From "Colorado Ski and Winter Recreation Statistics 1972" ^

Good Slopes (Wide, Long, Steep, Challenging) 27.9%

Variety of Runs 17.4%

Good Snow Conditions 12.5%

Enjoyable Environment (Atmosphere, Nightlife, etc.) 11.2%

Less Crowded 6.0/

Friendly People, Personnel 6.0%

Large Area 5.3A

Easy Slopes (Novice, Intermediate) 5.0%

Close to Home, Cabin ^-8%

Good Climate 2.9%

Adequate Lift Facilities 2.9%

2.6% Miscellaneous

Don't Know

No Answer

.2%

26.7%

-•^ n-- ^ -^ n-- - — • • I y I - - ^

-^6

CONHOTEL ACTIVITIES

GUEST'S ACTIVITIES

Arrival and Departure

Moving baggage and skis

Renting rooms

Payment for rooms

Changing clothing and showering

Shopping

Eating

Writing

Starting fire

Watching television

Quiet thought and sleep

Parties

Conversation

EMPLOYEE ACTIVITY

Arrival and departure

Check in and out

Cleaning rooms

Supervising activities

Waste removal

Cleaning

Clean linens, supplies, wood, bathroom accessories

Bookkeeping

Guest interaction

I» ^' f\

-47-

EMPLOYEE ACTIVITIES CONT.

Telephone switchboard

Money collection and information (desk)

Security

FOOD SERVICES

GUEST ACTIVITIES

Arrival

Ski Apparel and storage

Seating

Drinking

Conversing

Watching skiers

Waiting

Ordering

Paying Check

Departure

EMPLOYEE ACTIVITIES

Seating people

Answering questions

Taking orders

Serving food and beverage

Storing food and beverage

-48-


Preparing food and beverages

Washing dishes

Cleaning the facility

Entertainment

Supervising activity

Collecting money

Bookkeeping

Food delivery

GUEST ACTIVITIES

Meeting people

Shopping

Trying on clothes

Trying on equipment

Carrying equipment

Buying lift tickets

Putting on equipment

Taking ski lessons

Riding ski lifts

Renting ski equipment

Waxing skis

Skiing

Being injured

SKI SERVICES

49-

EMPLOYEE ACTIVITIES

Cleaning

Selling lift tickets

Selling and renting skis

Ski repair

Lift operation

Patrolling ski slopes

First aid

Ski lessons

Maintenance of lifts, buildings, and walks

Stocking shops and restaurants


Child care

Bookkeeping

Resort promotion

Aiding guests

ADDITIONAL SERVICES

GUEST ACTIVITIES

Walking

Parking their cars

Plaving in the snow

Browsing

Swimming

Lounging

-50-

GUEST ACTIVITIES CONT

Taking sauna baths

Tennis

Skating

EMPLOYEE ACTIVITIES

Parking cars

Cleaning facility and area

Maintaining parking lot and walkways

Maintaining swimming pool, tennis courts, and sauna

Packing ski slopes

^ w

GUEST ACTIVITIES

Arrival

Seating

Drinking

Conversing

Ordering

Waiting

Service

Eating

Paying Check

Departure

-51-

FOOD SERVICES

EMPLOYEE ACTIVITIES

Seating people

Answering questions

Taking orders

Serving food and beverage

Storing food and beverage

Preparing food and beverage

Washing dishes

Cleaning the facility

Entertainment

-52-


Supervising activity

Collecting money

Bookkeeping

Food delivery

SUMMER SERVICES

GUEST ACTIVITIES -^ f n •%

Meeting people

Shopping

Trying on clothes

Trying new equipment

Carrying equipment

Taking tennis and racquet ball lessons

Taking gOlf lessons

Renting golf carts

EMPLOYEE ACTIVITIES f n f^ I '

Cleaning

Renting golf carts

Equipment repair

Golf course and tennis court repair and maintenance

Stocking shops and restaurants


-53-

EMPLOYEE_ACTTVITIES CONT,

Child care

Bookkeeping

Resort promotion

Aiding guests

ADDITIONAL SERVICES

GUEST ACTIVITIES

Walking

Parking their cars

Browsing

Swimming

Lounging

Taking sauna baths

Tennis and racquet ball

Golf

Skating

EMPLOYEE ACTIVITIES

Parking cars

Cleaning facilities and area

Maintaining parking lot and walkways

Maintaining .swimming pool, tennis courts, golf course, and sauna

(1 n-

-54-

CLIENT MAKEUP

72% UNDER 35 YEARS OF AGE

2% OVER 55 YEARS OF AGE

77% HOLD PROFESSIONAL, MANAGERIAL, OR SUPERVISORY POSITIONS

38% ARE STUDENTS

53% HAVE ANNUAL INCOMES OVER $10,000

22% HAVE ANNUAL INCOMES UNDER $7,500

64% WERE RESIDENTS OF THE STATE

This survey was taken in Colorado but the percentages should correspond

with New Mexican skiiers. The only major change from these statistics

is the 64% residents of the state skiing would be considerably lower

because of the easy accessibility of Sierra Blanca to Texas and Oklahoma,

"TT^^^^m

' TfM *P"

TYPE OF ACCOMODATIONS USED IN NEW MEXICO 17

Type of Room

Private

Double

Dorm

Friends

In-State %

17.6%

Apartment

House

Cabin

Home

17.6%

11.8%

41.2%

3 or more per room 0.0%

5.9%

0.0%

0.0%

5.9%

Out-State %

23.2%

53.27

7.9%

3.9%

5.9%

1.5%

0.5%

5.9%

0.0%

T o t a l %

2 2 .

50 .

8 .

6

5

1

0

5

0

7%

5%

2%

8%

5%

.8; ;

.5%

.5%

.5%

-55-

0 - -' 0 ^?ai

BUILDING CRITERIA

-56-

CONHOTEL SPACE MIM fl'M SQ. FT.

60 Units - 2 double beds 300 per unit

25 Units

bathroom

entrv

clothes closet

fireplace and sitting area

double bed

bathroom

entrv

clothes closet

fireplace and sitting area

230 per unit

5 Units - 2 bedroom - 4 double beds 600 per unit

1 living area

2 bathrooms

2 entries

2 clothes closets

2 fireplaces

10 Units - Suites 1 bed 2 double beds 500 per unit

1 living area

1 bath

2 entries

2 clothes closets

2 fireplaces

"^mm

FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICE SPACE

-57-

1- Dining area for 180 people

1- Kitchen

1- Bar and Cocktail lounge

1- Private dining room

1- Banquet and ballroom

Foyer

Storage

1- Employee's dining room

1- Steward's store room

1- Beverage storeroom

1- China, glass, and silver storage

1- Receiving room

1- Garbage room

CONCESSION SPACE

1- Barber Shop

1- Valet Shop

3- Rented stores (1,000 sq. ft. each)

3- Storage rooms (200 sq. ft. each)

1- Ski Shop

PUBLIC SPACE

1- Lobby and front office

1- Lounge

1- Corridors adjoining

MINIMUM SQ. FT.

3,000

2,000

1,500

250 to 500

2,000

450

200

240

400

180

300

200

80

180

100

3,000

600

3,000

1,100

600

200

-, tmtrm

PUBLIC SPACE CONT. 18

-58-

1- Men's toilet for guests 150

1- Women's toilet for guests 100

1- Coat checkroom 120

1- Bellman's checkroom 40

1- Ski Storage 300

GENERAL SERVICE SPACE

2- Manager's office (140 each) 280

- Secretary's office 100

- Sales and recreation office 140

- Laundry 700

- Maintenance Shop 400

- Accounting office 150

- Furniture Storage 250

- Record storeroom 250

- General storeroom 200

- Boiler room

- Refrigeration Room

600

f OO

- Fan, room, ventilation equipment 400

r v — -

_5c,_

The Sierra Blanca Ski Area usually opens Thanksgiving or the

first of December. The average annual snowfall is 172" with the

heaviest snows in January, February and March. For every twelve

inches of snow there is one inch of rain. Rains usually come in

July, August, and September at 12 to 15 inches. The coldest month

is December when the temperatures plunge to -20 degrees F. The

warmest month is June when temperatures climb to 80 deprees F.

NOTE: This year there was no snowfall until Januarv 11, 1978,

however there was a total snowfall of 200 inches.

rv.—,

-60-

ANNUAL VISITATIONS


1964 - 1975

YEAR

1964-65

1965- 66

1966-67

1967-68

1968-69

1969-70

1970-71

1971-72

1972-73

1973-74

1974-75

1975-76

Average

WINTER SFJVSON

VISITATIONS

31,847

43,774

24,528

58,266

84,100

78,463

38,437

88,474

121,017

88,500

118,000

89,000

62,569

WINTER OPERATING

DAYS

105

123

107

135

147

130

87

122

120

126

157

112

126

AVERAGE DAILY

.VISITATIONS

303

356

229

431

559

603

442

725

712

702

752

795

TOTAL SNOWFALL

140

275

74

266

215

136

71

1A4

360

137

104

183

Source: Roy Parker, Manager of Sierra Blanca Ski Area 20

> .» —

-61-

The following are lists of the sun's location in the skv

relative to various northern latitudes. The altitude is treasured

in degrees above horizontal and the azimuth is measured in dt-erees

east or west of true south. The time is referenced to the sun with

noon occurring when the azimuth angle is zero degrees.

This information is valuable in calculating the recess depths

of windows or for sizing wing-walls and overhangs where sun control

to the interior is desired. It can be used for making most

determinations relative to building components and the sun's

position.

- 6 2 -

un ^\n

<

0 0 • •

00

- 6 3 -

un Anglos

1 I

I!

2 Q 0 Z

0 0 • •

01

- 6 4 -

un i^nol

i

Bc^ .l^^asfl

-65-

FINANCING

"Under the Economic Development Administration (EDA), an agencv

of the U.S. Department of Commerce, EDA business loans are now being

made to upgrade areas economically through new permanent jobs and better

incomes for local residents. Although there is no limitation on the

total amount the agency may lend to any one applicant, EDA may not

lend more than 65% of the cost of the land, buildings, machinery and

equipment for industrial and commercial enterprises. These loans may

extend to 25 years and currently are based on 4 3/4% interest. EDA

loans may be subordinated to other financing.

EDA grants are also available — and may provide up to 80% of the

cost of public facilities such as water, sewage, parking, site develop

ment, etc."

The percentage that the EDA will not loan will be furnished

by the Mescalero Apache Indian Tribe from the proceeds of the ski

area.

-66-

THE LODGE

GROUP I

1. Every sleeping room should have at least one window or

exterior door approved for emergency exit or rescue.

2. All habitable rooms shall be provided with natural light

by means of a window or skylight.

3. Hallways and bathrooms shall have a ceiling height of not

less than 7'0" and all other rooms 7'6".

4. All chimneys must extend above the roof by 2' .

5. Exterior walls shall have a 4 hour rating,

6. Interior bearing walls shall have a 3 hour rating.

7. Floors and roofs shall have a 2 hour rating.

8. Interior partitions shall have a 1 hour rating.

9- A minimum of 2 exits are required and the distance

to exits shall not exceed 150 feet.

FOOD SERVICE

GROUP B DIVISION 3

1. All rooms shall have either windows or skylights.

2. A minimum of 2 exits are required and the distance to exits

shall not exceed 150 feet.

3. A ramp or elevator must be provided for the handicapped.

4. All walls shall have a 4 hour rating.

SKI SERVICE

GROUP F DIVISION 2

1. All rooms shall have either windows or skylights.

2. A minimum of 2 exits is required if the occupancy is

over 50 on ground level. On all other levels 2 exits

are required.

3. Exterior walls shall have a four hour rating.

4. Interior bearing walls shall have a 3 hour rating.

5. Floors and roofs shall have a 1 hour rating.

22 6. Interior partitions shall have a 1 hour rating.

_. 7_

-68-

November 4, 1977

Mr. Wendell Chino Tribal President Office Mescalero, New Mexico

Dear Mr. Chino:

I would like to take this opportunity to introduce myself. My name is Rollo Gurss and I am a 5th year Architecture student at Texas Tech University. This year I am scheduled to do my thesis program. The program is a feasibility study for a Hotel-Condominium complex for Sierra Blanca Ski Area. Any help or suggestions you may be able to lend me would be greatly appreciated. Listed below are a few items that would help considerably.

Reservations Maps Ski Area Maps Statistics of ticket sales, food sales and

ski shop rentals

Thank you for your time. I have plans to be in the area around the 12th of November and would like to pick up the material at your convenience.

, 1

Sincerely,

Rollo R. Garss 2607 36th St. Lubbock, TX 79413

RG/cg

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November 4, 1977

Mr. Roy Parker Box 220 Ruidoso, New Mexico

Dear Mr. Parker:

I would like to take this opportunity to introduce myself, name is Rollo Gurss and I am a 5th year Architecture student.at Tuxas Tech University. This year I am scheduled to do my thesis program. The program is a feasibility study for a Hotel-Condominium complex for Sierra Blanca Ski Area. Any help or suggestions you may be able to lend me would be greatly appreciated. Listed below are a few items that would help considerably.

Reservation Maps Ski Area Maps Statistics of ticket sales, food sales and

ski shop rentals

Thank you for your time. I have plans to be in the area around the 12th of November and would like to pick up the material at your

/I convenience

iyicerely,

Rollo R. Gurss 2607 36th St. Lubbock, TX 79413

RG/cg

Z S B

no, President I M

I . - 7 0 -

Wendell Chino, President • Mescalero, New Mexico 88340

Movember 9, 1977

Mr. Rollo R. Gurss 2607 36th Street Lubbock, Texas 79^13

Dear Mr. Gurss:

Your letter of November 4, 1977 has been received by our office. In your letter you requested certain Information concerning the reservation and some of its operations.

We regret very much that we must decline your request for the information. Our reason for the decline is that in the past, we have had sad experiences with the information that we provided was not used for the purpose for which it was requested.

We trust that you will appreciate our position on thl s matter.

V ^ y truly yoi

Wendell Chino, President Mescalero Apache Tribe

cc: Roy Parker, Manager Sierra Blanca Ski Area Richard Wardlaw

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October 17,1977

Mr. Jim Paxon P.O.Box 2152 luidoso. New Mexico

Dear Jim, Re- our conversation last weekend, these are a few things that would he of

a great deal of use on my thesis;

HISTORY FACTS Who Started When How much research prior to opening Start of Plan S t a r t of C o n s t r u c t i o n Opening Date

WEATHER Yearly opening and closing Annual Snowfall Snowfall per month Rainfall per month Average temperature per month

SITE Surrounding area Ski area including all facilities Building Layout (if possible) Waste and water supply Electric, phone, gas, and garbage Future expansion and in what directions

SKIING Average s k i e r s f o r each day of t h e week Peak crowds Uphill capacity per hour Uphill capacity with proposed expansion

Thanks a bunch, Jim, If you can think of anything else that you have available please let me know. Looking forward to seeing you on the slopes,

-Sincerely, \

Rollo R, Gurss, Jr,

RG/ng

I\ —m

iiwr

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FOOTNOTES

1. Jim Paxon, Interview with the author.

2. Mescalero at a Glance , Publication of the Apache Tribe of the

Mescalero Reservation, Mescalero, New Mexico,

3. Mescalero Apache Reservation - General Information , Pub Ilea'.ion

of the Apache Tribe of theeMescalero Reservation, Mescalero, N*w Mexico.



6. Francis D.K. Ching, Building Construction Illustrated(New York, 1975)

7. "Solar Dwelling T esign Concept", Sunset (November 1976).

8. Ibid.

9. Jim Paxon, Interview with author.






15. Gerald L. Allen, Karen P. Picket, and Charles Gaddner, C^o^rad^

Ski and Recreation Statistics (1972).

16. Ibid.

17. New Mexico, Nucleus of the Southwest, New Mexico Economic 'develop

ment Commission (Santo Fe, New Mexico).

-73-

18. Joseph de Chiara and John Hancock Kallander, eds., Time _S iver

Standards for Building Types. (New York, 1973).



21. "Solar Dwelling Concepts", Sunset (november 1976).

22. International Conference of Building Officials, Uniform Building

Code (California,1973).

> -

a. <

O

.^fifll^HBI^AM^. •

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Allen, Gerald L., Picket, Karen P., Goeldner, Charles R. Colorado

Ski and Winter Recreation Statistics (1972).

Araben, E. Resort Hotels, New York (1965).

Ching, Francis D.K. Building Construction Illustrated. New York. (1975)

De Chiara, Joseph and John Hancock Callender, eds. Time Saver Standards

for Building Types(new York, 1973).

Mescalero at a Glance, Publication of the Apache Tribe of the Mescalero

Reservation. Mescalero, New Mexico, 1975.

Mescalero Apache Reservation - General Information, Publication of the

Apache Tribe of the Mescalero Reservation, Mescalero, New Mexico,

1975.

New Mexico Nucleus of the Southwest, New Mexico Economic Development

Commission, Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Paxon, Jim, Interview with author.

Ramsey, Charles G. and Harold R. Sleeper, Architectural Graphic Stan

dards ( new York, 1970).

"Solar Dwelling Design Concept.' Sunset (November, 1976).

Uniform Building Code, International Conference of Buildiniz Officials,

New York, 1973.

U.S. Geological Survev Maps.

.rn^^i

-75-

DOCl'MFNTATION

The site for this project was chosen to be Sierra Blanca Ski

Area because of the lack of overnight lodging and its growing need

for this service. The building site at the ski area was located at

the bottom most point of the existinc; and future faeilitie.s.

The stream through the site posed somewhat of a problem tending

to cut the site in half. I used this to my advantage by creating a

pond for skating, walking around and just a general focal area

for the hotels. My main lodge spanned the stream creating easy

access from either side of the stream.

DESIGN

I felt the designing of the lodge was the hardest and most

important element of the housing complex. It had to be the focal

point of the activities as well as a visual focal point. It needed

shops that are dependent upon large traffic flows, so I put them otf

the main lobby near the restaraunt. They also need to be accessible

from the outside, so they were placed adjacent to the gol^ and

tennis facilities. The management offices and desk need to be

near the entry so that arriving guests walk by it with no con

fusion. The restaraunt had its own set of problems. It had to be

accessible from the bar, lobby, and slopes. It must also have a

areat view of the ski area and pond. The kitchen was placed at

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the center of the complex as to not waste anv of tbe view wtiich

reached in every direction. The food storage, access, and earbage

were taken care of through an elevator and stairway system to the

basement and out to a loading, unloading, and garbage dock concealed

from other facilities. The bar is what ties all the ar. a together.

It has access from the ski slopes, lobby, high rise lodging, and

hotels. It has view of the tennis and golf to the south, the open

lobby and entrv, and ski slopes and pond to the north. All rooms

in the lodge are similar with two double beds, single bath, and

a private balcony. Also, all rooms open to an atrium like lobby

which tied the floors into one space.

In designing the hotels, I wanted maximum views, so vertical

circulation was created through the center of the structure.

Flexibility was important in these units. A single party could

rent the whole floor or a single room. There are three floors of

four units in each of the hotels. Each contains a private bath and

balcony. There is also a lobby area in each hotel for card playing,

T.V. watching, and the storage of skis.

The twelve condos, which are to be sold have approximatelv

1200 square feet in each. Each has two car covered parkinp, private

entry, ski storage, 2^ baths, laundry, kitchen, dining area, living

area with fireplace, loft, two bedrooms with balconies, and a master

bedroom with seating area around a fireplace and balconv.

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MECHANICAL AND STRUCTURAL

All the lodge rooms and hotel rooms have self-contained electric

units for heating and cooling. The other areas of the lodge have a

air handler four pipe svstem using a boiler, water chiller, pumps,

cooling tower, and heat reclaim units.

The structural system I chose for the lodge and hotel was steel

because of the location and accessibility of the ski area. The

condominiums used wood structure.

conhotel for sierra blanca new mexico

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