Computer Essentials Computer Essentials and and

O/S OverviewO/S Overview

COMPUTER ESSENTIALSCOMPUTER ESSENTIALS

Components of a Computer Components of a Computer SystemSystem

HardwareHardware: The actual machinery -- wires, : The actual machinery -- wires, transistors, and circuits and other parts and transistors, and circuits and other parts and accessories.accessories.

SoftwareSoftware: The programs or set of instruction : The programs or set of instruction instructions and any electronic data stored in instructions and any electronic data stored in the computer’s storage devices.the computer’s storage devices.

PeoplewarePeopleware: refers to anything that has to do : refers to anything that has to do with the role of people in the development or with the role of people in the development or use of computer software and hardware use of computer software and hardware systems systems

Hardware ComponentsHardware Components

The System UnitThe System Unit (CPU)-the actual (CPU)-the actual computer; everything else is called a computer; everything else is called a peripheralperipheral device. device. – MainboardMainboard– ProcessorProcessor– RAM (Random Access Memory)RAM (Random Access Memory)– CD/DVD ROM Drive CD/DVD ROM Drive – HDD (Hard Disk Drive) HDD (Hard Disk Drive) – FDD (Floppy Disk Drive)FDD (Floppy Disk Drive)

Hardware ComponentsHardware Components

Hardware ComponentsHardware Components

Output devices:Output devices:The MonitorThe MonitorPrinterPrinterSpeakersSpeakersInput Devices:Input Devices:Mouse:Mouse:Keyboard:Keyboard:StylusStylus

SoftwareSoftware

Operating SytemOperating Sytem– WindowsWindows

Windows 95, 98, 2000, ME, XP, Vista and Windows Windows 95, 98, 2000, ME, XP, Vista and Windows 7;7;

– LinuxLinux

ApplicationApplication– Lotus, wordstar, chi-writerLotus, wordstar, chi-writer– MS Office (word, excel, powerpoint)MS Office (word, excel, powerpoint)

ProgrammingProgramming– Java, Turbo C, C language, Visual Basic, etc.Java, Turbo C, C language, Visual Basic, etc.

O/S OVERVIEWO/S OVERVIEW

A.A. Using the keyboardUsing the keyboard

KeyboardKeyboard. The most common input device of a computer. It is . The most common input device of a computer. It is used to type information and instruction into the computer.used to type information and instruction into the computer.

Parts of a KeyboardParts of a Keyboard::Main typing areaMain typing area. Resembles the keys of a standard typewriter.. Resembles the keys of a standard typewriter.Numeric KeypadNumeric Keypad. Used to enter numbers like using an adding . Used to enter numbers like using an adding machine.machine.Functions KeysFunctions Keys. Are used to quickly perform specific task in an . Are used to quickly perform specific task in an application software.application software.Navigation Keys.Navigation Keys. Used to move around through text on the screen. Used to move around through text on the screen.

Special Keys:Special Keys:ESC KeyESC Key. Sometimes used to interrupt a task/abort a command.. Sometimes used to interrupt a task/abort a command.ALT/CTRL KeysALT/CTRL Keys. Used individually or in combo to perform . Used individually or in combo to perform keyboard shortcuts.keyboard shortcuts.

B.B. Using the MouseUsing the Mouse

MouseMouse. The most common pointing device of a . The most common pointing device of a computer.computer.

Four Basic Functions of a MouseFour Basic Functions of a Mouse::PointingPointing. Positioning the arrow over an item on the . Positioning the arrow over an item on the screen.screen.ClickingClicking. Pressing and releasing a mouse button one . Pressing and releasing a mouse button one time.time.Double-ClickingDouble-Clicking. Pressing and releasing the left mouse . Pressing and releasing the left mouse button in rapid succession.button in rapid succession.DraggingDragging. Pressing and holding the left mouse button, . Pressing and holding the left mouse button, moving to the desired location on the screen and moving to the desired location on the screen and releasing the button.releasing the button.

C.C. Exploring Windows Desktop Exploring Windows Desktop

The DesktopThe Desktop. The basic Microsoft Windows Screen.. The basic Microsoft Windows Screen.

Parts of the DesktopParts of the Desktop::

TaskbarTaskbar. The rectangular located, by . The rectangular located, by Default, across the bottom of the desktop.Default, across the bottom of the desktop.

Start ButtonStart Button. Usually used to start any . Usually used to start any activity.activity.

IconsIcons. Small pictures/diagram on the . Small pictures/diagram on the desktop, used as a way of opening a desktop, used as a way of opening a program/application or a window.program/application or a window.

D.D. Using the Start MenuUsing the Start Menu

MenuMenu. A list of software application and . A list of software application and other options available on your other options available on your computer.computer.

Cascading MenuCascading Menu. Sub-menu that . Sub-menu that appears once an arrow to the right of the appears once an arrow to the right of the Start Menu is clicked.Start Menu is clicked.

Parts of the Start MenuParts of the Start Menu::

Top Section

Middle Section

Bottom Section

E. Working with WindowsE. Working with Windows

WindowWindow. A defined work area, which is movable and . A defined work area, which is movable and resizable.resizable.

Basic Parts of a Window:

The Microsoft Office Button

The Quick Access Toolbar

The Title Bar

The Ribbon

The Ribbon

The Ruler

The Text Area

Starting a ProgramStarting a Program– How to quickly open and close a How to quickly open and close a

program in WINDOWSprogram in WINDOWS

Step 1.1. To open a program, click the Step 1.1. To open a program, click the StartStart button button on the windows on the windows TaskbarTaskbar, point to , point to ProgramsPrograms, , point to point to AccessoriesAccessories, click , click WordPadWordPad

Step 1.2. To close WordPad, click the close button (x) on the WordPad window Title bar.

Exploring Files and FoldersExploring Files and Folders– How to view the files and folders How to view the files and folders

stored on your computer; how to stored on your computer; how to use windows to manage your files use windows to manage your files and folders; how to create and and folders; how to create and organize files and folders.organize files and folders.

Step 2.1. Double-click the Step 2.1. Double-click the My ComputerMy Computer icon on icon on your desktop. The your desktop. The My ComputerMy Computer window window shows you the contents of your computer.shows you the contents of your computer.

Step 2.2. Double-click (C:) in the My Computer window to view the contents of your hard disk.

Step 2.2. Double-click (C:) in the My Computer window to view the contents of your hard disk.

Step 2.3. Double-click the My Documents Folder to open it and view the files and folders it may contain

Step 2.4. Create a new folder, by clicking the Step 2.4. Create a new folder, by clicking the File File MenuMenu in the in the My DocumentsMy Documents window, pointing to window, pointing to newnew and clicking and clicking folderfolder. Your newly created . Your newly created folder, named folder, named New FolderNew Folder is now in the is now in the My My DocumentsDocuments window. window.

Step 2.5. Using the Step 2.5. Using the right mouse buttonright mouse button, click the , click the New FolderNew Folder icon and click icon and click renamerename on the on the Short Short cut Menucut Menu, type , type Sample folderSample folder to replace the to replace the current default folder name, New Folder, and current default folder name, New Folder, and press enter.press enter.

You can also create a new file in this You can also create a new file in this window.window.

– To create a new file, To create a new file,

Step 2.6. click the Step 2.6. click the File MenuFile Menu in in My DocumentsMy Documents window, point to new, and then click window, point to new, and then click WordPad WordPad DocumentDocument

Step 2.7. Right click the New WordPad document icon, and click Rename, type Sample File to replace the default document name, and press enter

ACTIVITY NUMBER 1ACTIVITY NUMBER 1Creating Folders.Creating Folders.– Create the ff. Folder in the My Documents Folder: Create the ff. Folder in the My Documents Folder:

GC - <your Initials>GC - <your Initials>– Inside the GC - <cdb>, create the ff. folders:Inside the GC - <cdb>, create the ff. folders:

MS WORDMS WORDMS EXCELMS EXCELMS PPOINTMS PPOINT

– Inside each of MS WORD and MS EXCEL folders, Inside each of MS WORD and MS EXCEL folders, create the ff. folders:create the ff. folders:

Module ExercisesModule ExercisesAdd’l. ExercisesAdd’l. Exercises

– Inside the MS PPOINT folder, create the file: My Inside the MS PPOINT folder, create the file: My PresentationPresentation