computer aided electrical drawing laboratory manual table ... · computer aided electrical drawing...

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10EE65: Computer Aided Electrical Drawing Laboratory Manual, EEE DEPT, SDMIT, UJIRE, Academic Year 2015-16

Computer Aided Electrical Drawing Laboratory Manual

Table of Contents

Sl

No Name of the drawing

Page

Number

1. Basic drawing commands for autocad 4

2. Standard Electrical component symbols. 10

3.

Design and draw Developed simplex armature winding diagram of DC Motor/Generator

with 4 Pole, 14 slots, double layer progressive lap winding. Draw the sequence diagram.

Show the position of brush & direction of current. 12

4.

Draw and Develop a single layer winding for a DC Machine having 32 armature conductors

with 4 poles. Mark the poles. Draw the sequence diagram and also show the position of

brush & direction of induced current & give equalizer connection. 13

5.

Draw and develop the single layer lap winding diagram of a DC motor having 4 poles with

26 slots . Mark the poles. Draw the sequence diagram and also show the position of brush &

direction of induced current. 14

6.

Draw and develop the double layer lap winding diagram of a DC machine having 6 poles, 18

slots with full pitch. Mark the poles. Draw the sequence diagram and also show the position

of brush & direction of induced current. 15

7.

Draw and develop the single layer lap winding diagram of a DC machine having 4 poles, 30

conductors. Mark the poles. Draw the sequence diagram and also show the position of

brush & direction of induced current. 16

8.

Draw and develop the duplex lap type winding diagram of a DC machine having 4 poles, 32

conductors. Mark the poles. Draw the sequence diagram and also show the position of

brush & direction of induced current. 17

9.

Draw and develop the simplex wave with single layer winding diagram of a DC machine

having 4 poles, 42 conductors. Mark the poles. Draw the sequence diagram and also show

the position of brush & direction of induced current. 18

10. Draw and develop the lap type single layer winding diagram of AC machine having 4 poles,

24 slots, 3 phases with coil short pitched by one slot and star connected. Mark the poles. 19

11. Draw and develop the lap type single layer winding diagram of a 3 phase induction motor

having 2 poles, 18 slots with coil full pitched and delta connected. Mark the poles. 20

12. Draw and develop the lap type single layer winding diagram of a 3 phase AC Machine having

2 poles, 24 slots with coil short pitched by one slot and star connected. Mark the poles. 21

2


13. Draw and develop the lap type single layer winding diagram of a 3 phase AC Machine having

4 poles, 36 slots with coil full pitched and star connected. Mark the poles. 22

14. Draw and develop the wave type single layer winding diagram of a 3 phase AC Machine

having 4 poles, 24 slots with coil full pitched and delta connected. Mark the poles. 23

15. Design & draw the developed winding diagram of AC machine with following details: No of

poles=4, No. of slots=36, single layer wave star connected. 24

16. Draw and develop the lap type double layer winding diagram of a 3 phase AC Machine

having 4 poles, 24 conductors with coil full pitched and star connected. Mark the poles. 25

17.

Draw and develop the lap type double layer winding diagram of a 3 phase induction motor

of 5HP, 440V having 4 poles and 2 slots/pole/phase with coil full pitched and delta

connected. Mark the poles. 26

18. Draw and develop the lap type double layer winding diagram of a 3 phase, 3000rpm, 50Hz

AC Machine 24 slots with short pitch by 5/6th pitch and star connected. Mark the poles. 27

19. Draw and develop the mush type armature winding diagram of a 3 phase, 4 poles with 36

slots. 28

20. Draw and develop the half coiled single layered concentric winding diagram of a 3 phase, 4

poles with 24 slots and 600 phase spread. 29

21. Draw and develop the whole coiled single layer concentric winding diagram of a 3 phase, 4

poles with 24 slots and 600 phase spread. 30

22.

Draw single line diagram with two incoming feeder,110kV, 6 outgoing lines ,11kV,2 double

bus bar-110kV,11kV, one auxiliary transformer 5MVA,11kV/415V 3 phase , wave trap

coupling condensers, earth switch, OCBs, CT,PT 31

23.

Draw the single diagram of substation having 2 220kV incoming lines,5-outgoing lines with

66kV,11kV, bus bar: 220kV –double bus, 11kV bus, Transformer :( i) 3 winding –two 100MVA

220/66/11kV. (ii) Auxiliary transformer –one 11kV/400V, Wave trap, Earthing condenser,

and Earth switch at incoming lines. Show the position of CTs, PTs disconnecting switches,

lightning arresters and circuit breakers.

32

24.

Draw the single diagram of substation having two 110kV incoming lines, outgoing lines with

110kV-one , 11kV-4nos, Transformer :( i) two 10MVA 110/11kV. ∆/Y (ii) one-2MVA,

11kV/415V y/y. Bus bar 110kV duplicate bus bar , 11kV single bus bar Show the position of

CTs, PTs disconnecting switches , lightning arresters and circuit breakers.

33

25.

Draw the single diagram of 66/11kV substation having following equipments: (i) two

transformer :66/11kV,5MVA ∆/∆ 3 phase (ii) 66kV double bus bar with bus coupler ,11kV

single bus with sectionalisation (iii) two incoming lines 66kV (iv) two outgoing lines 66kV

(v) eight outgoing lines at 11kV distributed equally Show the position of CTs, PTs

disconnecting switches , lightning arresters and circuit breakers.

34

3


26.

Draw single line diagram of a 33/11kV substation having the details as (i) incoming

line:one,33kV (ii) outgoing line:six,11kV (iii) transformer: (a) 9MVA,33/6.4/0.695kV, ∆/Y/Y

(b) two, 6.3 MVA,33/11kV,∆/Y equally Show the position of CTs, PTs disconnecting

switches , lightning arresters and circuit breakers.

35

27. Draw the single line diagram of a pole mounted substations. 36

28. References: 37

4


BASIC DRAWING COMMANDS FOR AUTOCAD

Measuring Commands

GRID: Displays a grid of dots at a desired spacing on the screen.

Command: GRID (enter)

On/Off/Tick spacing(x)/Aspect: (enter value) (enter)

SNAP: Specifies a "round off" interval so that points entered with the mouse can be locked

into alignment with the grid spacing.

Command: SNAP (enter)

On/Off/Value/Aspect/Rotate/Style: (enter value) (enter)

Basic Draw Commands

CIRCLE: Draws circles of any size.

Command: Circle (enter)

3P/2P/TTR/<center point>: (pick a center point)

Diameter or <Radius>: (Pick a point on the circle)

LINE: Draws straight lines between two points

Command: LINE (enter)

From Point: (pick a point using the mouse)

To Point: (Pick a point using the mouse)

To Point: (Press return to end the command)

ARC: Draws an arc (any part of a circle or curve) through three known points.

Command: ARC (enter)

Center/ < Start point > : (pick the first point on the arc)

Center/End/ < Second point > : C

Center: (pick the arc's center point)

Angle/Length of chord/ <End point > : (pick the arc endpoint)

Display Commands

LIMITS: Sets the size of the drawing paper. For size "A" drawing paper the limits should be set

for 10.5 x 8.

Command: LIMITS (enter)

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On/Off/Lower left corner <0.0000> (enter)

Upper right corner: 10.5,8 (enter)

ZOOM: Enlarges or reduces the display of a drawing.

Command: ZOOM (enter)

All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Left/Previous/Vmax/Window/<Scale(x/XP)>:

(pick a point to define one corner of a rectangular viewing window then pick a point

to define the second point to define the opposite diagonal corner of the viewing

window)

Note: To return the picture to its original viewing size enter ALL and press the enter

key when prompted instead of defining a window.

PAN: Allows you to move your view point around the drawing without changing the

magnification factor.

Command: PAN (enter)

Editing Commands

CHANGE: Alters properties of selected objects

Command: CHANGE (enter)

Select objects or window or Last (select objects to be changed)

Properties/<Change point>: (type P)

Change what property (Color/Elev/LAyer/LType/Thickness)? (type Layer)

New Layer: (enter new layer name and press enter)

ERASE: Erases entities from the drawing.

Command: ERASE (enter)

Select objects or Window or Last: (Select objects to be erased and press enter when

finished)

EXTEND: Lengthens a line to end precisely at a boundary edge.

Command: Extend (enter)

Select boundary edge(s)...

Select Objects (pick the line which represents the boundary edge which lines will be

extended to) (press enter when finished selecting cutting edges)

<Select object to extend>/Undo: (pick the line(s) that need to be extended

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TRIM: Trims a line to end precisely at a cutting edge.

Command: Trim (enter)

Select cutting edge(s)...

Select Objects (pick the line which represents the cutting edge of line in which

objects will be trimmed to)

(press enter when finished selecting cutting edges)

<Select object to trim>/Undo: (pick the line(s) that need to be trimmed)

GRIPS

You can edit selected objects by manipulating grips that appear at defining points on the object.

Grips is not a command. To activate grips simply pick the object. Small squares wi ll appear at

various entity-specific positions. By selecting an end grip you can stretch the entity to change its

size. By selecting the center grip you can move the entity to a new location. To remove grips

press CTL-C twice. You can perform the following using grips: Copy, Multiple Copy, Stretch, Move,

Rotate, Scale, and Mirror.

Creating Layers

LAYER: Creates named drawing layers and assigns color and linetype properties to those layers.

Command: LAYER (enter)

A Layer & Line type Properties dialog box will be displayed. To add a new layer, pick

the New button. A new layer listing appears, using a default name of Layer1. the

layer name can be changed by highlighting the layer name. Colors and Line types

can be assigned to each new layer by picking the color box to assign a color and

picking the line type box to assign a line type.

Standard AutoCAD colors

1 = Red 2 = Yellow 3 = Green 4 = Cyan

5 = Blue 6 = Magenta 7 = White

Standard AutoCAD line types

Hidden2 = hidden lines

Center2 = center lines

Phantom2 = phantom or cutting-plane lines

Construction Commands

ARRAY: Makes multiple copies of selected objects in a rectangular or circular pattern

Command: ARRAY (enter)

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Select objects or Window or Last: (select object to array)

Rectangular or Polar array (R/P) <current>: (P)

Center point of array: (pick the point around which to form the array)

Angle to fill (+=CCW, -=Cw) <360>: (enter)

COPY: Draws a copy of selected objects.

Command: COPY (enter)

Select objects or Window or Last: (select objects to be copied)

Base point or displacement: (pick a point on the object to be use as a reference

point)

Second point of displacement: (pick a point which represents the new location of

the copied object)

MIRROR: Makes mirror images of existing objects.

Command: MIRROR (enter)

Select objects or Window or Last: (select objects to be mirrored)

First point of mirror line: (pick a point on top of the mirror line)

Second point: (pick a point on the bottom of the mirror line)

Delete old objects? <N> y or n (enter)

MOVE: Moves designated entities to another location.

Command: MOVE (enter)

Select objects or Window or Last: (select objects to move)

Base point or displacement: (pick a point on the object to be use as a reference

point)

Second point of displacement: (pick a point which represents the new location of

the object)

OFFSET: Constructs an entity parallel to another entity at a specified distance. Offset can be

used with lines, circles, arcs, and polylines.

Command: OFFSET (enter)

Offset distance or Through <last>: (enter a distance value)

Select object to offset: (select object to offset)

Side to offset: (Pick any point on the side of the object you wish to offset)

8


FILLET: Changes any corner to a rounded corner.

Command: FILLET

Polyline/Radius/Angle/Trim/Method/ <Select first line > : (pick the first line)

Select second line: (pick the second line)

CHAMFER: Changes any corner to an angled corner.

Command: CHAMFER

Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method/ < Select first line > : (pick the first line)

Select second line: (pick the second line)

OSNAP

Instantly locates exact points relative to existing objects (points).

Object Snap Modes: Endpoint, Midpoint, Center, Quadrant, Intersection, Insertion, Perpendicular,

Tangent, Nearest, Node, and None.

Placing lettering on a drawing

TEXT: Draws text characters of any size.

Command: TEXT (enter)

Justify/Style/<Start point>: (pick a starting point or enter a justification letter)

Height (0) (enter the height of the lettering)

Rotation Angle (0) (enter)

Text: (enter the desired lettering) (enter)

Summary of Options

<Start Point> Left-Justifies text along its baseline

Justify Justifies text according to the alignment options

Style Enters a new text style

Null reply Enters a new line of text below the previous text.

(space or Enter key will give a Null reply)

Text Alignment Options

Alignment Abbreviation Orientation

Aligned A Aligns text between two points. Text

height will adjust automatically

9


Fit F Fits text between two points. Text height

will not change

Centered C Centers text at the baseline of a specified

point

Middle M Centers text horizontally and vertically at

the baseline of a specified point

Right R Right Justify text at the baseline of a

specified point

Top Left TL Left Justifies text at the top of text

Top Center TC Centers text at the top of text

Top Right TR Right justifies text at the top to text

Middle Left ML Left justifies text at the middle of text

Middle Center MC Centers text both horizontally and vertically

at the middle of the text

Middle Right MR Right justifies text at the middle of text

Bottom Left BL Left justifies text at the bottom of text

Bottom Center BC Centers text a the bottom of text

Bottom Right BR Right justifies text at the bottom of text

The SPELL command will check the spelling of a group of text.

Cross hatching a drawing

BHATCH: Allows the user to crosshatch areas of a section view.

Command: BHATCH (enter)

The Boundary Hatch dialogue Box will be displayed. Select the Hatch Options box.

The Hatch Options box will be displayed. Select the Patterns box.

The Choose Hatch Pattern box will be displayed. Select the desired hatch pattern.

The Hatch Options box will be displayed again. You can select a scale and rotation

angle for the crosshatch pattern. Select the OK box when finished.

The Boundary Hatch dialogue box will be displayed again. Select the Pick Points box. When prompted,

select the internal point of the crosshatched. Press the enter key when finished.

The Boundary Hatch dialog box will be displayed again. Select the Apply box to add the crosshatching to

the drawing.

10


Standard Electrical component symbols

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12


DC Winding -Design Problem-1

Design and draw Developed simplex armature winding diagram of DC Motor/Generator with 4 Pole, 14

slots, double layer progressive lap winding. Draw the sequence diagram. Show the position of brush &

direction of current.

Solution: Pole pitch = Number of conductors/pole = 28/4 = 7 We have pole pitch = (Yb + Yf ) / 2 = Yp Hence (Yb + Yf) = 14……..(1) (Yb - Yf ) = 2 ……...(2) Solving above equations Yb = 8 and Yf = 6 back pitch yb = 2c/p ± k For lap winding both Yb and Yf must be odd and differ by 2. Satisfying the above condition Yb = 7 and Yf = 5.

Winding table

Developed Winding Diagram

Sequence Diagram

13



Draw and develop single layer winding for a DC Machine having 32 armature conductors with 4 poles.

Mark the poles. Draw the sequence diagram and also show the position of brush & direction of induced

current & give equalizer connection.

Solution: Winding table


Sequence Diagram

14



Draw and develop the single layer lap winding diagram of a DC motor having 4 poles, 26 slots with.


current.



Sequence Diagram

15



Draw and develop the double layer lap winding diagram of a DC machine having 6 poles, 18 slots with full pitch . Mark the poles. Draw the sequence diagram and also show the position of brush & direction of induced current.

Solution:

P=6, No of slots = 18 , conductor =36, pole pitch= 36/6=6. YA=YB+YF=12, YB= YF-2 (FOR PROGRESSIVE WINDING) So YB-YF=2; YB=7,YF=5

Winding table


Sequence Diagram

16



Draw and develop the single layer lap winding diagram of a DC machine having 4 poles, 30 conductors. Mark the poles. Draw the sequence diagram and also show the position of brush & direction of induced current.

Solution:

P=4, conductor =30, pole pitch= 30/4=7.5 YA = YB+YF =14, YB= YF - 2 (FOR PROGRESSIVE WINDING) So YB-YF=2; YB= 8,YF=6

Winding table


Sequence Diagram

17



Draw and develop the duplex lap type winding diagram of a DC machine having 4 poles, 32 conductors.


current.



18



Draw and develop the simplex wave with single layer winding diagram of a DC machine having 4 poles,

42 conductors. Mark the poles. Draw the sequence diagram and also show the position of brush &

direction of induced current.



Sequence Diagram

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AC Winding -Design Problem-1

Connections: Rs=1

Ys=1+ (120/slot angle)= 1+(120/30)=5

Bs=1+ (240/slot angle)= 1+(240/30)=1+8=9

First pole

Second pole

Third pole

Fourth pole

R phase 1,6 7,12 13,18 19,24

B phase 3,8 9,14 15,20 21,2

Y phase 5,10 11,16 17,22 23,4

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21



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Winding table

First pole Second pole Third pole Fourth pole

R phase 1(s),2,3 10,11,12 19,20,21 28,29,30

B phase 4,5,6 13(s),14,15 22,23,24 31,32,33 Y phase 7(s),8,9 16,17,18 25,26,27 34,35,36

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Winding table


R phase 1+3=4' 4+3=7' 7+3=10' 10+3=1'

B phase 2+3=5' 5+3=8' 8+3=11' 11+3=2' Y phase 3+3=6' 6+3=9' 9+3=12' 12+3=3'

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Winding table


R phase 1+6=7',2+6=8' 7+6=13',8+6=14' 13+6=19',14+6=20' 19+6=25'(1'),20+6=26'(2')

B phase 3+6=9',4+6=10' 9+6=15',10+6=16' 15+6=21',16+6=22' 21+6=27'(3'),22+6=28'(4') Y phase 5+6=11',6+6=12' 11+6=17',12+6=18' 17+6=23',18+6=24' 23+6=29'(5'),24+6=30'(6')

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Draw the developed winding diagram of an AC machine with the following details: Speed= 3000rpm, No.of slots=24, frequency =50Hz, phase=3, short pitch by 5/6th pitch, double layer lap & Y connected. Solu: P=120f/N =(120x50)/3000=2, Pole pitch=24/2=12,No of slots/pole/phase=24/2/3=4 Slot angle=180/12=150, Coil span=180x5/6=1500.= 10. Rs=1, Ys=1+120/15=9, Bs=1+240/15=17

Winding table

First pole Second pole

R phase 1+10=11',2+10=12',3+10=4',4+10=14' 13+10=23',14+10=24',15+10=25'(1'),16+10=26'(2')

B phase 5+10=15',6+10=16',7+10=17',8+10=18' 17+10=27'(3'),18+10=28'(4'),19+10=29'(5'),20+10=30'(6') Y phase 9+10=19',10+10=10',11+10=21',12+10=22' 21+10=31'(7'),22+10=32'(8'),23+10=33'(9'),24+10=34'(10')

Assignment: Draw the developed winding diagram:

28



29



Draw and develop the half coiled single layered concentric winding diagram of a 3 phase, 4 poles with

24 slots and 600 phase spread.

30



Draw and develop the whole coiled single layer concentric winding diagram of a 3 phase, 4 poles with

24 slots and 600 phase spread.

Solution:

31


Single line diagram of substation-Design Problem-1

Draw single line diagram with two incoming feeder,110kV, 6 outgoing lines ,11kV,2 double bus bar-

110kV,11kV, one auxiliary transformer -5MVA,11kV/415V 3 phase , wave trap coupling condensers,

earth switch, OCBs, CT,PT

32



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References: [1] CAD for Electrical Engineers by M.S Indira, V.D. Sankaralal and D.Beula. [2] A.K.Sawhney ,"A course in Electrical Machine Design", Dhanpat Rai & sons,1997.

[3]Cheryl R.Shrock ,"AutoCAD Pocket Reference ",BPB Publications 2010. [4] Open Education Resource: Flipping the classroom with MOODLE : "Example by IDP in

Educational Technology, IIT Bombay"

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