competitive trade analysisagr.gc.ca/resources/prod/internet-internet/misb-dgsim/... · 2015. 9....

MARKET ACCESS SECRETARIAT Global Analysis Report

Competitive Trade Analysis

United States September 2015

REPORT CONTENT SUMMARY • This report looks to highlight the major sectors in the United

States (U.S.), and attempts to identify the best opportunities for Canadian exports.

• Specifically, the data analysis that follows focusses on the top ten U.S. imports by major aggregate sector, of which Canada is a supplier. It identifies the gap between U.S. imports from the world and the proportion provided by Canada, and then outlines top international competitors.

• Unless otherwise specified, all figures in this document are

based on import data as reported by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, and were sourced from Global Trade Atlas (2015).

UNITED STATES MARKET SUMMARY • The U.S. was the second-largest importer of agri-food and

seafood products in the world after the European Union (E.U.) with C$151.1 billion in 2014. Canada’s share was 19.3% or C$29.2 billion.

• In 2014, the U.S. exported C$182.2 billion worth of agri-food and seafood products to the world. This represented an increase of 12.2% from 2013 and a ranking of second-largest exporter in the world after the E.U.

• U.S. agri-food and seafood imports from Canada have been

increasing at the same rate as U.S. imports from the world. This has resulted in a stable supply gap not only overall, but among all ten of the United States’ top import commodities.

Note: Please see the Annex at the end of this document for a list of abbreviations that will be used throughout this report.

CONTENTS Report Content Summary ............... 1 United Stated Market Summary ...... 1 Trade Overview ............................... 2 Top Ten Agri-Food and Seafood Commodity Imports ......................... 4

1. Beverages .............................. 4 2. Fish and Crustaceans ............ 6 3. Edible Fruit and Nuts ............. 8 4. Vegetables ........................... 10 5. Meat and Edible Offal .......... 12 6. Spices, Coffee and Tea ....... 14 7. Preserved Food.................... 16 8. Baking Related Goods ......... 18 9. Prepared Meat and Fish ...... 20 10. Cocoa and cocoa

preparations ....................... 22 Conclusion ..................................... 24 For More Information ..................... 24 Resources ..................................... 24 Annex: Abbreviations .................... 24

Visit our online library of public reports for more information on this and other

markets.

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TRADE OVERVIEW The United States is a net exporter of agri-food and seafood products. In 2014, the U.S. agri-food and seafood trade surplus was C$31.1 billion with imports valued at C$151.1 billion, and C$182.2 billion in exports. The U.S. imported a wide variety of agri-food and seafood products with their top imports being beverages, fish and crustaceans, edible fruit and nuts. The top three supplying countries are Canada, Mexico and China. Canada is ranked first among the 206 supplying countries to the U.S. and has seen little fluctuation in market share over the last few years.

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Agri-Food and Seafood Products, C$ Millions

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

World 101,535.11 115,619.09 23,766.97 131,082.69 151,100.62 10.45 1 Canada 19,650.96 21,731.28 23,276.38 25,793.07 29,219.79 10.43 2 Mexico 15,158.15 16,933.41 17,718.39 19,828.35 23,397.56 11.46 3 China 5,882.76 6,509.04 7,139.19 7,292.31 7,844.87 7.46 4 France 3,626.88 4,061.45 4,374.14 4,736.03 5,321.66 10.06 5 India 1,952.85 3,172.22 5,937.56 4,711.91 5,035.22 26.72 6 Chile 3,004.14 3,256.14 3,518.97 4,410.81 4,945.62 13.27 7 Brazil 3,334.89 4,683.29 5,105.88 4,799.09 4,876.61 9.97 8 Italy 3,295.77 3,619.53 3,776.91 4,182.56 4,766.63 9.66 9 Australia 2,432.72 2,381.94 2,711.94 2,877.01 4,360.14 15.70

10 Indonesia 2,247.10 2,524.79 2,554.28 2,937.29 3,998.48 15.50

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Agri-Food and Seafood Products, % Share

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 PP Change 2010-14

1 Canada 19.35 18.80 18.81 19.68 19.34 -0.01 2 Mexico 14.93 14.65 14.32 15.13 15.48 0.55 3 China 5.79 5.63 5.77 5.56 5.19 -0.60 4 France 3.57 3.51 3.53 3.61 3.52 -0.05 5 India 1.92 2.74 4.80 3.59 3.33 1.41 6 Chile 2.96 2.82 2.84 3.36 3.27 0.31 7 Brazil 3.28 4.05 4.13 3.66 3.23 -0.05 8 Italy 3.25 3.13 3.05 3.19 3.15 -0.10 9 Australia 2.40 2.06 2.19 2.19 2.89 0.49

10 Indonesia 2.21 2.18 2.06 2.24 2.65 0.44

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Canada has a significant supply gap with the U.S., despite being its largest supplier of agri-food and seafood products. Although the U.S. is a net exporter, it still requires imports to meet the demands of its large population. The U.S. has a diverse supplier list for agri-food and seafood products, but the top five players represent a combined 46.9% of the market, signalling a relatively concentrated supply environment.

Agri-Food and Seafood Product Supply Gap, C$ Millions

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

United States’ imports from the world 101,535.11 115,619.09 23,766.97 131,082.69 151,100.62 10.45 United States’ imports from Canada 19,650.96 21,731.28 23,276.38 25,793.07 29,219.79 10.43 Supply gap 81,884.15 93,887.81 100,490.59 105,289.62 121,880.83 10.45

Beverages was the U.S.’ top-grossing commodity in 2014, with a value of C$22.4 billion or 14.8% of overall agri-food and seafood imports. However, over the 2010 to 2014 period, the beverages category was only a middle-of-the-road performer, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.4%. In comparison, the slightly smaller categories of meat and edible offal, edible fruit and nuts, and fish and crustaceans posted the strongest value sales growth with CAGRs of 17.8%, 11.3% and 11.0%, respectively, over the same period

United States’ Top Ten Agri-Food and Seafood Commodity Imports from the World, C$ Millions

Rank HS Code Commodity 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR %

2010-14 Total Agri-Food and Seafood Imports 101,535.11 115,619.09 23,766.97 131,082.69 151,100.62 10.45

1 22 Beverages 16,199.40 17,680.86 19,795.38 20,816.92 22,401.03 8.44

2 03 Fish and crustaceans 11,530.18 12,574.16 12,646.60 14,367.08 17,483.29 10.97

3 08 Edible fruit and nuts 9,126.85 9,622.94 10,189.63 11,513.62 13,980.35 11.25

4 07 Vegetables 6,678.47 7,169.69 7,415.18 8,435.75 9,209.19 8.36

5 02 Meat and edible offal 4,725.08 5,054.03 5,608.46 6,017.25 9,095.17 17.79

6 09 Spices, coffee and tea 5,906.74 9,021.23 8,067.45 7,183.13 8,471.51 9.43

7 20 Preserved food 5,638.39 6,412.22 6,774.13 7,002.62 7,693.58 8.08

8 19 Baking related goods 4,552.67 4,862.43 5,161.20 5,619.06 6,263.72 8.30

9 16 Prepared meat and fish 3,981.24 4,400.59 4,539.36 4,751.02 5,512.14 8.47

10 18 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 4,429.80 4,631.93 4,100.44 4,288.65 5,233.12 4.25

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TOP TEN AGRI-FOOD AND SEAFOOD COMMODITY IMPORTS 1. BEVERAGES

*does not include juices

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Beverages, C$ Millions

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

World 16,199.40 17,680.86 19,795.38 20,816.92 22,401.03 8.44 Mexico 2,667.06 2,695.28 2,905.19 3,172.68 4,256.64 12.40 France 2,773.03 3,114.16 3,391.09 3,639.02 4,022.07 9.74 Italy 1,713.94 1,903.11 1,941.60 2,180.19 2,453.48 9.38 United Kingdom 1,492.97 1,660.36 1,779.71 2,013.07 2,128.85 9.28 Netherlands 1,256.67 1,134.35 1,162.54 1,185.17 1,206.01 -1.02 Switzerland 393.06 443.03 546.19 694.78 849.31 21.24 Canada 723.88 743.96 779.16 860.37 818.99 3.13 Ireland 476.63 539.18 580.53 650.96 677.58 9.19 Brazil 268.27 591.53 1,525.02 1,292.27 605.39 22.56 Austria 418.01 474.13 548.79 546.39 567.47 7.94

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Beverages, % Share


Mexico 16.46 15.24 14.68 15.24 19.00 2.54 France 17.12 17.61 17.13 17.48 17.95 0.83 Italy 10.58 10.76 9.81 10.47 10.95 0.37 United Kingdom 9.22 9.39 8.99 9.67 9.50 0.28 Netherlands 7.76 6.42 5.87 5.69 5.38 -2.38 Switzerland 2.43 2.51 2.76 3.34 3.79 1.36 Canada 4.47 4.21 3.94 4.13 3.66 -0.81 Ireland 2.94 3.05 2.93 3.13 3.02 0.08 Brazil 1.66 3.35 7.70 6.21 2.70 1.04 Austria 2.58 2.68 2.77 2.62 2.53 -0.05

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Beverages Supply Gap, C$ Millions

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

United States’ imports from the world 16,199.40 17,680.86 19,795.38 20,816.92 22,401.03 8.44 United States’ imports from Canada 723.88 743.96 779.16 860.37 818.99 3.13 Supply gap 15,475.52 16,936.90 19,016.22 19,956.55 21,582.04 8.67

United States’ Top Five Beverage Product Imports, C$ Millions

HS Code Description 2012 2013 2014 CAGR% 2012-14

220421 Wine of fresh grapes (other than sparkling) <2 litres 3,850.24 4,231.68 4,594.02 9.23

220300 Beer made from malt 3,705.18 3,820.06 4,568.55 11.04

220830 Whiskies 1,723.91 2,057.02 2,195.72 12.86

220210 Waters, including mineral and aerated, sweetened or flavoured

1,570.26 1,758.40 1,991.59 12.62

220860 Vodka 1,831.55 1,797.22 1,775.45 -1.54

United States’ Top Five Beverage Product Imports and Top Supplying Countries, 2014

HS Code Product Description Market Share % Canada’s % Share 1 2 3

220421 Wine of fresh grapes (other than sparkling) <2 litres

Italy 34.36

France 22.51

Australia 9.44 0.13

220300 Beer made from malt Mexico 59.10

Netherlands 19.05

Belgium 7.46 3.91

220830 Whiskies United

Kingdom 72.14

Canada 14.92

Ireland 12.07 14.92

220210 Waters, including mineral and aerated, sweetened or flavoured

Switzerland 42.47

Austria 27.06

Mexico 12.51 3.41

220860 Vodka France 42.93

Sweden 19.99

Netherlands 16.68 0.45

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2. FISH AND CRUSTACEANS

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Fish and Crustaceans, C$ Millions

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

World 11,530.18 12,574.16 12,646.60 14,367.08 17,483.29 10.97 Canada 2,082.51 2,172.86 2,152.29 2,369.38 2,630.70 6.02 China 1,864.70 2,014.82 1,955.94 2,019.20 2,322.05 5.64 Chile 575.54 856.48 988.04 1,367.14 1,754.95 32.14 Indonesia 724.95 833.57 901.71 1,065.96 1,519.16 20.32 India 342.41 547.85 601.01 1,045.79 1,451.60 43.49 Vietnam 666.00 786.71 849.40 970.64 1,255.18 17.17 Ecuador 571.94 664.77 744.86 814.86 1,119.51 18.28 Mexico 350.35 435.30 419.71 476.82 559.88 12.43 Thailand 1,036.73 1,055.63 813.69 574.23 512.75 -16.14 Norway 486.15 301.73 231.82 302.52 437.41 -2.61

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Fish and Crustaceans, % Share


Canada 18.06 17.28 17.02 16.49 15.05 -3.01 China 16.17 16.02 15.47 14.05 13.28 -2.89 Chile 4.99 6.81 7.81 9.52 10.04 5.05 Indonesia 6.29 6.63 7.13 7.42 8.69 2.40 India 2.97 4.36 4.75 7.28 8.30 5.33 Vietnam 5.78 6.26 6.72 6.76 7.18 1.40 Ecuador 4.96 5.29 5.89 5.67 6.40 1.44 Mexico 3.04 3.46 3.32 3.32 3.20 0.16 Thailand 8.99 8.40 6.43 4.00 2.93 -6.06 Norway 4.22 2.40 1.83 2.11 2.50 -1.72

Fish and Crustaceans Supply Gap, C$ Millions

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14


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United States’ Top Five Fish and Crustaceans Product Imports, C$ Millions


030617 Frozen shrimp and prawns 3,201.48 4,178.40 5,808.97 34.70

030441 Fresh/chilled Pacific, Atlantic and Danube salmon fillets 662.32 1,077.79 1,385.33 44.62

030614 Frozen crab (including in shell) 649.18 865.90 940.71 20.38

030461 Frozen tilapia fillets 736.02 781.66 919.34 11.76

030481 Frozen Pacific, Atlantic and Danube salmon fillets 523.90 637.37 861.94 28.27

United States’ Top Five Fish and Crustaceans Product Imports and Top Supplying Countries, 2014


030617 Frozen shrimp and prawns India 24.20

Indonesia 20.89

Ecuador 16.65 0.01

030441 Fresh/chilled Pacific, Atlantic and Danube salmon fillets

Chile 76.76

Norway 9.17

United Kingdom

3.67 3.63

030614 Frozen crab (including in shell) Canada 54.80

Russia 30.42

Myanmar 2.79 54.80

030461 Frozen tilapia fillets China 86.31

Indonesia 9.43

Thailand 1.13 N/A

030481 Frozen Pacific, Atlantic and Danube salmon fillets

Chile 45.28

China 29.07

Norway 18.61 2.78

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3. EDIBLE FRUIT AND NUTS

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Edible Fruit and Nuts, C$ Millions

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

World 9,126.85 9,622.94 10,189.63 11,513.62 13,980.35 11.25 Mexico 2,786.27 2,882.32 3,328.94 3,799.87 4,954.04 15.47 Chile 1,560.24 1,490.26 1,410.69 1,792.99 1,939.88 5.60 Guatemala 618.45 792.19 863.23 971.34 1,125.26 16.14 Costa Rica 833.48 823.41 857.60 930.76 1,116.68 7.59 Vietnam 355.17 402.18 394.85 532.65 679.74 17.62 Peru 140.20 224.05 216.19 280.58 513.22 38.32 Ecuador 488.90 505.50 461.53 469.86 493.96 0.26 Canada 263.07 300.37 384.22 388.74 419.00 12.34 Honduras 227.32 236.40 258.37 287.94 311.97 8.24 India 195.88 308.47 276.09 285.13 251.09 6.40

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Edible Fruit and Nuts, % Share


Mexico 30.53 29.95 32.67 33.00 35.44 4.91 Chile 17.10 15.49 13.84 15.57 13.88 -3.22 Guatemala 6.78 8.23 8.47 8.44 8.05 1.27 Costa Rica 9.13 8.56 8.42 8.08 7.99 -1.14 Vietnam 3.89 4.18 3.88 4.63 4.86 0.97 Peru 1.54 2.33 2.12 2.44 3.67 2.13 Ecuador 5.36 5.25 4.53 4.08 3.53 -1.83 Canada 2.88 3.12 3.77 3.38 3.00 0.12 Honduras 2.49 2.46 2.54 2.50 2.23 -0.26 India 2.15 3.21 2.71 2.48 1.80 -0.35

Edible Fruit and Nuts Supply Gap, C$ Millions

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14


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United States’ Top Five Edible Fruit and Nuts Product Imports, C$ Millions


080390 Fresh or dried bananas 1,938.90 2,076.00 2,268.34 8.16

080440 Fresh or dried avocados 859.42 1,122.08 1,685.61 40.05

080610 Fresh grapes 1,050.99 1,213.04 1,312.29 11.74

080132 Fresh or dried, shelled cashews 804.63 940.96 1,038.69 13.62

080430 Fresh or dried pineapples 512.93 556.37 671.13 14.39

United States’ Top Five Edible Fruit and Nuts Product Imports and Top Supplying Countries, 2014


080390 Fresh or dried bananas Guatemala 36.38

Costa Rica 19.33

Ecuador 16.26 N/A

080440 Fresh or dried avocados Mexico 84.91

Peru 9.56

Chile 4.23 N/A

080610 Fresh grapes Chile 61.08

Mexico 28.27

Peru 10.34 0.07

080132 Fresh or dried, shelled cashews Vietnam 64.39

India 22.80

Brazil 4.41 0.01

080430 Fresh or dried pineapples Costa Rica 88.65

Mexico 3.48

Honduras 3.43 N/A

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4. VEGETABLES *including pulses

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Vegetables, C$ Millions

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

World 6,678.47 7,169.69 7,415.18 8,435.75 9,209.19 8.36 Mexico 4,084.56 4,403.64 4,456.91 5,156.26 5,677.76 8.58 Canada 1,226.64 1,288.84 1,297.44 1,546.10 1,679.22 8.17 China 361.97 380.30 386.98 441.91 419.01 3.73 Peru 279.71 279.76 326.49 389.03 399.84 9.34 Guatemala 99.81 132.40 146.83 159.88 182.66 16.31 Costa Rica 77.10 82.99 84.90 98.98 104.90 8.00 India 44.63 77.57 190.45 94.48 102.93 23.23 Netherlands 71.37 86.68 74.09 67.70 73.37 0.70 Dominican Republic 31.49 41.51 43.19 50.45 60.71 17.83 Ecuador 42.76 39.01 46.31 48.87 50.72 4.36

United States’ Top Suppliers of Vegetables, % Share


Mexico 61.16 61.42 60.11 61.12 61.65 0.49 Canada 18.37 17.98 17.50 18.33 18.23 -0.14 China 5.42 5.30 5.22 5.24 4.55 -0.87 Peru 4.19 3.90 4.40 4.61 4.34 0.15 Guatemala 1.49 1.85 1.98 1.90 1.98 0.49 Costa Rica 1.15 1.16 1.14 1.17 1.14 -0.01 India 0.67 1.08 2.57 1.12 1.12 0.45 Netherlands 1.07 1.21 1.00 0.80 0.80 -0.27 Dominican Republic 0.47 0.58 0.58 0.60 0.66 0.19 Ecuador 0.64 0.54 0.62 0.58 0.55 -0.09

Vegetables Supply Gap, C$ Millions

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14


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United States’ Top Five Vegetable Product Imports, C$ Millions


070200 Fresh/chilled tomatoes 1,868.23 2,035.46 2,167.26 7.71

070960 Fresh/chilled peppers 1,069.57 1,243.39 1,416.08 15.06

070700 Fresh/chilled cucumbers and gherkins 491.99 630.41 699.27 19.22

071080 Frozen vegetables, raw or cooked by steam/boiling in water

529.80 520.96 605.61 6.91

070920 Fresh/chilled asparagus 440.75 605.90 555.16 12.23

United States’ Top Five Vegetable Product Imports, C$ Millions and Top Supplying Countries, 2014


070200 Fresh/chilled tomatoes Mexico 84.59

Canada 14.31

Guatemala 0.73 14.31

070960 Fresh/chilled peppers Mexico 72.70

Canada 20.51

Netherlands 2.35 20.51

070700 Fresh/chilled cucumbers and gherkins

Mexico 72.80

Canada 24.88

Dominican Republic

0.88 24.88

071080 Frozen vegetables, raw or cooked by steam/boiling in water

Mexico 58.75

Guatemala 8.89

Canada 6.45 6.45

070920 Fresh/chilled asparagus Peru 50.28

Mexico 48.62

Canada 1.03 1.03

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5. MEAT AND EDIBLE OFFAL

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Meat and Edible Offal, C$ Millions

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

World 4,725.08 5,054.03 5,608.46 6,017.25 9,095.17 17.79 Australia 1,183.81 1,226.25 1,518.78 1,571.28 2,941.06 25.55 Canada 2,012.24 1,971.92 1,874.52 2,077.05 2,818.41 8.79 New Zealand 750.88 887.97 965.51 1,009.48 1,303.37 14.78 Mexico 234.26 341.99 547.22 600.40 924.93 40.96 Nicaragua 107.90 162.82 139.76 130.81 256.49 24.17 Uruguay 76.26 74.54 119.02 144.43 190.12 25.66 Denmark 139.23 138.77 143.46 130.98 161.90 3.84 Chile 53.60 51.32 72.83 83.63 100.78 17.10 Italy 50.36 56.10 67.45 74.88 85.20 14.05 Poland 8.66 6.47 7.61 20.16 76.22 72.22

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Meat and Edible Offal, % Share


Australia 25.05 24.26 27.08 26.11 32.34 7.29 Canada 42.59 39.02 33.42 34.52 30.99 -11.60 New Zealand 15.89 17.57 17.22 16.78 14.33 -1.56 Mexico 4.96 6.77 9.76 9.98 10.17 5.21 Nicaragua 2.28 3.22 2.49 2.17 2.82 0.54 Uruguay 1.61 1.47 2.12 2.40 2.09 0.48 Denmark 2.95 2.75 2.56 2.18 1.78 -1.17 Chile 1.13 1.02 1.30 1.39 1.11 -0.02 Italy 1.07 1.11 1.20 1.24 0.94 -0.13 Poland 0.18 0.13 0.14 0.34 0.84 0.66

Meat and Edible Offal Supply Gap, C$ Millions

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14


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United States’ Top Five Meat and Edible Offal Product Imports, C$ Millions


020230 Frozen boneless beef 1,842.33 1,896.50 3,224.45 32.30

020130 Fresh/chilled boneless beef 1,242.92 1,339.58 2,221.86 33.70

020319 Fresh/chilled pork 486.67 632.88 787.39 27.20

020329 Frozen pork 337.21 347.60 517.81 23.92

020120 Fresh/chilled beef cuts with bone-in 240.88 258.55 376.40 25.00

United States’ Top Five Meat and Edible Offal Product Imports and Top Supplying Countries, 2014


020230 Frozen boneless beef Australia 52.04

New Zealand 32.42

Nicaragua 6.51 1.77

020130 Fresh/chilled boneless beef Canada 46.41

Australia 24.57

Mexico 24.25 46.41

020319 Fresh/chilled pork Canada 99.89

Poland 0.09

Ireland 0.01 99.89

020329 Frozen pork Denmark 30.13

Canada 29.17

Poland 14.44 29.17

020120 Fresh/chilled beef cuts with bone-in

Mexico 74.05

Canada 24.49

Australia 1.32 24.49

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6. SPICES, COFFEE AND TEA

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Spices, Coffee and Tea, C$ Millions

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

World 5,906.74 9,021.23 8,067.45 7,183.13 8,471.51 9.43 Brazil 1,167.73 2,009.29 1,416.69 1,211.69 1,609.36 8.35 Colombia 839.91 1,313.86 907.84 968.82 1,296.83 11.47 Vietnam 448.89 620.88 724.71 679.78 875.54 18.18 Indonesia 406.59 514.94 650.63 531.41 545.83 7.64 Canada 320.49 441.00 447.75 440.71 460.50 9.49 Guatemala 316.72 583.32 577.09 432.30 403.84 6.26 Mexico 296.52 540.42 524.63 409.15 378.27 6.28 China 212.15 230.24 234.47 253.88 298.93 8.95 Peru 267.62 434.07 301.61 231.00 298.74 2.79 India 179.73 246.67 274.25 254.79 277.63 11.48

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Spices, Coffee and Tea, % Share


Brazil 19.77 22.27 17.56 16.87 19.00 -0.77 Colombia 14.22 14.56 11.25 13.49 15.31 1.09 Vietnam 7.60 6.88 8.98 9.46 10.34 2.74 Indonesia 6.88 5.71 8.06 7.40 6.44 -0.44 Canada 5.43 4.89 5.55 6.14 5.44 0.01 Guatemala 5.36 6.47 7.15 6.02 4.77 -0.59 Mexico 5.02 5.99 6.50 5.70 4.47 -0.55 China 3.59 2.55 2.91 3.53 3.53 -0.06 Peru 4.53 4.81 3.74 3.22 3.53 -1.00 India 3.04 2.73 3.40 3.55 3.28 0.24

Spices, Coffee and Tea Supply Gap, C$ Millions

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14


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United States’ Top Five Spices, Coffee and Tea Product Imports, C$ Millions


090111 Coffee, not roasted, not decaffeinated 5,352.02 4,375.45 5,269.71 -0.77

090121 Coffee, roasted, not decaffeinated 614.05 606.91 660.73 3.73

090411 Black and white pepper, neither crushed nor ground 358.03 419.12 499.32 18.09

090112 Coffee, not roasted, decaffeinated 459.20 428.53 496.99 4.03

090240 Black tea (fermented) and other partly fermented tea 199.32 215.06 237.67 9.20

United States’ Top Five Spices, Coffee and Tea Product Imports and Top Supplying Countries, 2014


090111 Coffee, not roasted, not decaffeinated

Brazil 26.52

Colombia 22.61

Vietnam 9.23 0.05

090121 Coffee, roasted, not decaffeinated

Canada 57.44

Italy 11.83

Switzerland 8.08 57.44

090411 Black and white pepper, neither crushed nor ground

Vietnam 51.09

Brazil 21.58

Indonesia 19.83 N/A

090112 Coffee, not roasted, decaffeinated

Germany 23.17

Brazil 15.24

Colombia 11.65 2.14

090240 Black tea (fermented) and other partly fermented tea

Argentina 39.16

India 15.16

China 10.14 0.02

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7. PRESERVED FOOD

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Preserved Food, C$ Millions

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

World 56,383.89 64,122.22 67,741.35 70,026.17 76,935.77 8.08 Canada 9,955.77 10,519.69 11,527.51 12,742.47 13,463.99 7.84 China 10,144.23 12,301.84 13,859.33 12,931.77 11,905.78 4.08 Mexico 7,406.10 8,220.45 8,332.33 9,225.93 10,575.22 9.31 Thailand 3,884.83 4,128.83 4,110.75 4,556.36 4,883.03 5.88 Brazil 3,439.12 3,608.55 3,278.31 2,842.64 4,471.36 6.78 Spain 2,880.76 2,801.69 2,717.01 2,874.09 3,595.29 5.70 Peru 1,792.87 2,182.43 2,218.31 2,115.93 2,562.10 9.34 Philippines 1,883.35 2,093.91 2,119.21 2,256.12 2,344.46 5.63 Argentina 1,648.80 3,404.42 3,203.86 2,645.71 2,136.59 6.69 Greece 1,268.66 1,350.77 1,315.83 1,532.13 1,800.89 9.15

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Preserved Food, % Share


Canada 17.66 16.41 17.02 18.20 17.50 -0.16 China 17.99 19.18 20.46 18.47 15.47 -2.52 Mexico 13.14 12.82 12.30 13.17 13.75 0.61 Thailand 6.89 6.44 6.07 6.51 6.35 -0.54 Brazil 6.10 5.63 4.84 4.06 5.81 -0.29 Spain 5.11 4.37 4.01 4.10 4.67 -0.44 Peru 3.18 3.40 3.27 3.02 3.33 0.15 Philippines 3.34 3.27 3.13 3.22 3.05 -0.29 Argentina 2.92 5.31 4.73 3.78 2.78 -0.14 Greece 2.25 2.11 1.94 2.19 2.34 0.09

Preserved Food Supply Gap, 2014, C$ Millions

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14


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United States’ Top Five Preserved Food Product Imports, C$ Millions


200899 Prepared/preserved fruit and edible plant parts 800.51 886.53 985.26 10.94

200410 Frozen prepared/preserved potatoes, including French fries 729.63 810.03 823.51 6.24

200979 Apple juice, not fortified with vitamins, unfermented 724.69 648.04 599.87 -9.02

200911 Frozen orange juice, sweetened or not sweetened 351.92 373.87 480.00 16.79

200570 Prepared/preserved olives other than by vinegar/acetic acid, not frozen

378.57 400.09 470.44 11.47

United States’ Top Five Preserved Food Product Imports and Top Supplying Countries, 2014


200899 Prepared/preserved fruit and edible plant parts

Mexico 22.77

China 17.75

Thailand 9.38 8.16

200410 Frozen prepared/preserved potatoes, including French fries

Canada 98.79

Netherlands 0.54

France 0.23 98.79

200979 Apple juice, not fortified with vitamins, unfermented

China 63.00

Chile 14.35

Argentina 4.39 0.03

200911 Frozen orange juice, sweetened or not sweetened

Brazil 58.78

Mexico 28.83

Costa Rica 6.77 3.07

200570 Prepared/preserved olives other than by vinegar/acetic acid, not frozen

Spain 52.04

Greece 26.95

Morocco 8.77 0.17

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8. BAKING RELATED GOODS

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Baking Related Goods, C$ Millions

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

World 4,552.67 4,862.43 5,161.20 5,619.06 6,263.72 8.30 Canada 2,226.89 2,305.28 2,399.28 2,608.91 2,926.29 7.07 Mexico 728.49 844.40 892.03 937.58 973.71 7.52 Italy 310.57 334.31 372.07 387.60 475.45 11.23 China 131.54 150.85 160.22 174.73 197.04 10.63 Germany 105.71 123.05 134.20 151.00 163.39 11.50 South Korea 83.72 90.13 98.00 117.64 141.72 14.07 Thailand 93.56 94.59 108.84 130.40 131.72 8.93 France 59.94 67.25 77.05 93.70 117.18 18.24 India 66.19 70.84 78.84 83.81 96.57 9.90 United Kingdom 54.76 57.94 66.42 80.93 89.06 12.93

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Baking Related Goods, % Share


Canada 48.91 47.41 46.49 46.43 46.72 -2.19 Mexico 16.00 17.37 17.28 16.69 15.55 -0.45 Italy 6.82 6.88 7.21 6.90 7.59 0.77 China 2.89 3.10 3.10 3.11 3.15 0.26 Germany 2.32 2.53 2.60 2.69 2.61 0.29 South Korea 1.84 1.85 1.90 2.09 2.26 0.42 Thailand 2.06 1.95 2.11 2.32 2.10 0.04 France 1.32 1.38 1.49 1.67 1.87 0.55 India 1.45 1.46 1.53 1.49 1.54 0.09 United Kingdom 1.20 1.19 1.29 1.44 1.42 0.22

Baking Related Goods Supply Gap, C$ Millions

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

United States’ imports from the world 4,552.67 4,862.43 5,161.20 5,619.06 6,263.72 8.30

United States’ imports from Canada 2,226.89 2,305.28 2,399.28 2,608.91 2,926.29 7.07

Supply gap 2,325.78 2,557.15 2,761.93 3,010.15 3,337.43 9.45

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United States’ Top Five Baking Related Product Imports, C$ Millions


190590 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits, etc. and puddings 1,833.38 2,045.85 2,413.52 14.74

190531 Cookies (sweet biscuits) 940.16 997.43 1,011.50 3.72

190219 Uncooked pasta (spaghetti, macaroni), not stuffed 528.14 566.46 651.00 11.02

190410 Prepared food obtained by the swelling/roasting of cereal/cereal products

379.33 391.97 403.67 3.16

190532 Waffles and wafers 344.36 334.66 373.11 4.09

United States’ Top Five Baking Related Product Imports and Top Supplying Countries, 2014


190590 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits, etc. and puddings

Canada 46.45

Mexico 18.20

Italy 4.82 46.45

190531 Cookies (sweet biscuits) Canada 37.88

Mexico 28.55

Germany 6.96 37.88

190219 Uncooked pasta (spaghetti, macaroni), not stuffed

Italy 38.84

Canada 20.68

China 9.86 20.68

190410 Prepared food obtained by the swelling/roasting of cereal/cereal products

Canada 52.58

Mexico 36.81

Germany 1.73 52.58

190532 Waffles and wafers Canada 72.73

Poland 4.35

Germany 4.05 72.73

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9. PREPARED MEAT AND FISH

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Prepared Meat and Fish, C$ Millions

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

World 3,981.24 4,400.59 4,539.36 4,751.02 5,512.14 8.47 Thailand 1,287.22 1,422.39 1,242.60 1,141.61 1,169.97 -2.36 China 579.26 599.73 685.71 734.27 836.18 9.61 Canada 468.38 477.28 550.35 558.16 643.25 8.25 Indonesia 300.21 333.32 372.39 383.92 571.57 17.47 Vietnam 230.79 274.38 272.76 418.47 557.56 24.67 Brazil 88.26 146.93 197.93 232.40 243.55 28.89 Philippines 133.72 161.74 168.95 143.45 189.29 9.08 India 44.37 59.60 63.71 108.14 167.24 39.34 Ecuador 96.53 108.31 125.88 138.22 151.44 11.92 Mexico 65.99 69.35 81.66 79.78 107.90 13.08

United States’ Top Suppliers of Prepared Meat and Fish, % Share


Thailand 32.33 32.32 27.37 24.03 21.23 -11.10 China 14.55 13.63 15.11 15.45 15.17 0.62 Canada 11.76 10.85 12.12 11.75 11.67 -0.09 Indonesia 7.54 7.57 8.20 8.08 10.37 2.83 Vietnam 5.80 6.24 6.01 8.81 10.12 4.32 Brazil 2.22 3.34 4.36 4.89 4.42 2.20 Philippines 3.36 3.68 3.72 3.02 3.43 0.07 India 1.11 1.35 1.40 2.28 3.03 1.92 Ecuador 2.42 2.46 2.77 2.91 2.75 0.33 Mexico 1.66 1.58 1.80 1.68 1.96 0.30

Prepared Meat and Fish Supply Gap, C$ Millions

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14


Page | 21

United States’ Top Five Prepared Meat and Fish Product Imports, C$ Millions


160521 Prepared/preserved shrimp and prawns (not in airtight containers)

919.65 1,055.69 1,416.48 24.11

160414 Prepared/preserved tuna/skipjack/bonito (not minced)

1,194.26 1,175.92 1,177.06 -0.72

160510 Prepared/preserved crab 686.54 594.95 798.82 7.87

160250 Prepared/preserved beef or beef offal 302.23 332.05 354.83 8.35

160530 Prepared/preserved lobster 214.62 206.20 246.10 7.08

United States’ Top Five Prepared Meat and Fish Product Imports and Top Supplying Countries, 2014


160521 Prepared/preserved shrimp and prawns (not in airtight containers)

Thailand 33.54

Vietnam 25.06

China 15.84 1.21

160414 Prepared/preserved tuna/skipjack/bonito (not minced)

Thailand 43.15

China 10.90

Ecuador 9.96 0.07

160510 Prepared/preserved crab Indonesia 34.93

China 18.37

Philippines 12.65 3.66

160250 Prepared/preserved beef or beef offal

Brazil 67.73

New Zealand 11.58

Uruguay 9.73 6.44

160530 Prepared/preserved lobster Canada 98.93

Chile 0.66

Japan 0.28 98.93

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10. COCOA AND COCOA PREPARATIONS

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Cocoa and Cocoa Preparations, C$ Millions

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

World 4,429.80 4,631.93 4,100.44 4,288.65 5,233.12 4.25 Canada 898.78 932.18 988.78 1,077.83 1,300.93 9.69 Côte d’Ivoire 795.43 858.02 732.10 828.19 1,039.73 6.93 Mexico 467.33 526.73 514.31 514.81 527.50 3.07 Ecuador 106.77 246.24 131.95 191.05 285.77 27.91 Indonesia 460.66 206.53 158.31 182.72 279.19 -11.77 Ghana 187.29 265.17 176.14 182.63 209.52 2.84 Malaysia 316.44 274.59 148.16 137.95 204.05 -10.39 Germany 153.81 164.24 181.46 179.52 196.67 6.34 Netherlands 257.92 294.12 266.64 208.22 186.16 -7.83 Belgium 95.74 114.46 120.35 127.74 145.32 11.00

United States’ Top Ten Suppliers of Cocoa and Cocoa Preparations, % Share


Canada 20.29 20.13 24.11 25.13 24.86 4.57 Côte d’Ivoire 17.96 18.52 17.85 19.31 19.87 1.91 Mexico 10.55 11.37 12.54 12.00 10.08 -0.47 Ecuador 2.41 5.32 3.22 4.45 5.46 3.05 Indonesia 10.40 4.46 3.86 4.26 5.34 -5.06 Ghana 4.23 5.72 4.30 4.26 4.00 -0.23 Malaysia 7.14 5.93 3.61 3.22 3.90 -3.24 Germany 3.47 3.55 4.43 4.19 3.76 0.29 Netherlands 5.82 6.35 6.50 4.86 3.56 -2.26 Belgium 2.16 2.47 2.94 2.98 2.78 0.62

Cocoa and Cocoa Preparations Supply Gap, 2014, C$ Millions

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR % 2010-14

United States’ imports from the world 4,429.80 4,631.93 4,100.44 4,288.65 5,233.12 4.25 United States’ imports from Canada 898.78 932.18 988.78 1,077.83 1,300.93 9.69 Supply gap 3,531.02 3,699.75 3,111.66 3,210.83 3,932.19 2.73

Page | 23

United States’ Top Five Cocoa and Cocoa Preparation Product Imports, C$ Millions


180100 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted 996.30 1,140.74 1,459.94 21.05

180690 Cocoa preparations, not in bulk form 865.76 926.93 1,068.36 11.09

180400 Cocoa butter, fat and oil 229.69 351.59 732.57 78.59

180620 Chocolate preparations, in bars, blocks, slabs or other bulk form, >2kg

558.65 599.15 689.80 11.12

180632 Chocolate and other cocoa preparations, in bars, blocks, or slabs, not in bulk and not filled, <2kg

322.37 395.67 490.59 23.36

United States’ Top Five Cocoa and Cocoa Preparation Product Imports and Top Supplying Countries, 2014

HS Code Product Description Market Share % Canada’s

% Share 1 2 3

180100 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted

Côte d’Ivoire 57.67

Ecuador 17.94

Ghana 11.86 0.01

180690 Cocoa preparations, not in bulk form

Canada 44.10

Mexico 26.13

Germany 5.39 44.10

180400 Cocoa butter, fat and oil Indonesia 35.27

Malaysia 23.49

Côte d’Ivoire 8.30 <0.01

180620 Chocolate preparations, in bars, blocks, slabs or other bulk form, >2kg

Canada 69.58

Mexico 8.85

Belgium 7.69 69.58

180632 Chocolate and other cocoa preparations, in bars, blocks or slabs, not in bulk and not filled, <2kg

Canada 38.33

Mexico 22.17

Germany 11.12 38.33

Page | 24

CONCLUSION Even though U.S. imports of agri-food and seafood products from Canada have continually increased over the last five years, there is still a significant supply gap between the two countries that has only continued to widen. However, over the last five years, American imports of agri-food and seafood products from Canada have grown at the same pace as their imports from the world. Although the U.S. is a net exporter of agri-food and seafood products, with its large population, it still relies on imports in order to meet their domestic supply demands. While the U.S. sources agri-food and seafood products from a large number of countries, 46.9% of their imports come from the top five suppliers, leaving just marginal market share for others. As the United states’ number one trading partner, it is not surprising that Canada is among the top five supplying countries for all of the United States’ key import commodities, with the exception of two: beverages; and edible fruit and nuts. In addition, American imports from Canada have increased across all ten commodities. This may indicate further opportunities to lessen the gap, particularly, within the categories where growth in imports from Canada outpaced or matched growth in imports from the world including: edible fruit and nuts; vegetables; spices, coffee and tea; preserved food; prepared meat and fish; and cocoa. FOR MORE INFORMATION International Trade Commissioners can provide Canadian industry with on-the-ground expertise regarding market potential, current conditions and local business contacts, and are an excellent point of contact for export advice.

• Overview of Trade Commissioner Services in the United States http://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/eng/offices-united-states.jsp

• Find a Trade Commissioner

www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/eng/find-trade-contacts.jsp For additional intelligence on this and other markets, the complete library of Global Analysis reports can be found under Statistics and Market Information at the following link, arranged by sector and region of interest:

• ats-sea.agr.gc.ca RESOURCES Global Trade Atlas, March 2015 ANNEX: ABBREVIATIONS CAGR - compound annual growth rate N/A - not applicable N/C - not calculable PP - percentage point (difference between two percentage values)

http://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/eng/offices-united-states.jsp

http://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/eng/find-trade-contacts.jsp

http://ats-sea.agr.gc.ca/

http://ats-sea.agr.gc.ca/

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Competitive Trade Analysis: United States Global Analysis Report Prepared by: Stephanie Clarke, Market Analyst © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food (2015). Photo Credits All photographs reproduced in this publication are used by permission of the rights holders. All images, unless otherwise noted, are copyright Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. For additional copies, to request an alternate format, and for all other inquiries regarding this publication, please contact: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Global Analysis 1341 Baseline Road, Tower 5, 3rd floor Ottawa, ON Canada, K1A 0C5 E-mail: [email protected] The Government of Canada has prepared this report based on primary and secondary sources of information. Although every effort has been made to ensure that the information is accurate, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) assumes no liability for any actions taken based on the information contained herein. Reproduction or redistribution of this document, in whole or in part, must include acknowledgement of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada as the owner of the copyright in the document, through a reference citing AAFC, the title of the document and the year. Where the reproduction or redistribution includes data from this document, it must also include an acknowledgement of the specific data source(s), as noted in this document. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada provides this document and other report services to agriculture and food industry clients free of charge.

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