Comparative History Articles

History 141By Lukas B

Instructor: Prof. Arguello, M

World War II or WWII was the global

military conflict began in Europe in 1939 to 1945.

September 1, 1939, beginning World War II, Hitler invaded Poland from the west; two days later, France and Britain declared war on Germany.

September 17, Soviet troops invaded Poland from the east.

By early 1940 Germany and the Soviet Union had divided control over the nation, according to a secret protocol appended to the Nonaggression Pact.

World War II

Late 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and

treaties. Germany conquered or subdued much of continental

Europe amid Nazi-Soviet agreements, the nominally neutral Soviet Union fully or partially occupied and annexed territories of its six European neighbors.

In late August 1939, Hitler and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin signed the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact, which incited a frenzy of worry in London and Paris.

Hitler had long planned an invasion of Poland, a nation to which Great Britain and France had guaranteed military support if it was attacked by Germany.

The pact with Stalin meant that Hitler would not face a war on two fronts once he invaded Poland, and would have Soviet assistance in conquering and dividing the nation itself.

World War II

June 1940 France fell to the German

onslaught. June 1940, Roosevelt resolved to save

England at all costs. Isolationists in Congress had passed

Neutrality Acts in the mid-1930s that restricted American trade with belligerents.

Roosevelt convinced Congress to permit the sale of arms to England on a "cash-and-carry" basis.

American destroyers began escorting British convoys most of the way across the Atlantic, and navy ships approached Ireland to track German submarines for the British

World War II

1883-1945, Italian Leader of the Fascist

Movement, MUSSOLINI, BENITO, broke with the Socialist Party during World War I and became an aggressive nationalist.

He invaded Ethiopia and Albania and formed an alliance with Hitler, which eventually took Italy into World War II.

April 9, 1940-1941, World War II in the West, Germany simultaneously invaded Norway and occupied Denmark, and the war began in earnest.

World War II

June 10 Benito Mussolini put his Pact of

Steel with Hitler into action, and Italy declared war against France and Britain.

Sunday December 7 1941, Japanese planes bombed the American base, sinking or immobilizing eight American battleships and leaving 2,400 dead. It was the most humiliating military disaster in American history.

America declared war on Japan, and Hitler, in turn, declared war on America.

World War II

World War II in 1939 cause The Great Depression,

was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century.

In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how far the world's economy can decline.

The depression originated in the U.S., starting with the fall in stock prices that began around September 4, 1929 and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 from there, it quickly spread to almost every country in the world.

THE GREAT DEPRESSION

Many economists have argued that the sharp decline in

international trade after 1930 helped to worsen the depression especially for countries significantly dependent on foreign trade.

Most historians and economists partly blame the American Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act for worsening the depression by seriously reducing international trade and causing retaliatory tariffs in other countries.

While foreign trade was a small part of overall economic activity in the U.S. and was concentrated in a few businesses like farming, it was a much larger factor in many other countries.

THE GREAT DEPRESSION

During the Crash of 1929 preceding the Great Depression,

margin requirements were only 10% Brokerage firms, in other words, would lend $9 for every $1 an investor had deposited.

Banks began to fail as debtors defaulted on debt and depositors attempted to withdraw their deposits en masse, triggering multiple bank runs.

Government guarantees and Federal Reserve banking regulations to prevent such panics were ineffective or not used. Bank failures led to the loss of billions of dollars in assets.

Outstanding debts became heavier, because prices and incomes fell by 20–50% but the debts remained at the same dollar amount.

THE GREAT DEPRESSION

After the panic of 1929, and during

the first 10 months of 1930, 744 US banks failed.

By April 1933, around $7 billion in deposits had been frozen in failed banks or those left unlicensed after the March Bank Holiday.

During the Great Depression, the Great Plains were hit hard with both a drought and horrendous dust storms.

The dust storms destroyed everything in their paths, leaving farmers without their crops.

THE GREAT DEPRESSION

Millions of people were out of work

across the United States unable to find another job locally, many unemployed people hit the road, traveling from place to place, hoping to find some work.

A few of these people had cars, but most hitchhiked. A large portion of the people who road the rails were teenagers, but there were also older men, women, and entire families who traveled in this manner. . They would board freight trains and crisscross the country, hoping to find a job in one of the towns along the way.

THE GREAT DEPRESSION

“Immigrants & Cities” article IX World War II “Immigrants & Cities” article VIII The Great

Depression Google Image Search

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