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Klasifikasi HipertensiTechnorati Tags:klasifikasi,hipertensi,jnc7,who,perhimpunan,indonesia

Klasifikasi hipertensia. Berdasarkan penyebab dikenal dua jenis hipertensi, yaitu1) Hipertensi primer (esensial)Adalah suatu peningkatan persisten tekanan arteri yang dihasilkan oleh ketidakteraturan mekanisme kontrol homeostatik normal, Hipertensi ini tidak diketahui penyebabnya (Wibowo, 1999).2) Hipertensi sekunderAdalah hipertensi persisten akibat kelainan dasar kedua selain hipertensi esensial. Hipertensi ini penyebabnya diketahui (Wibowo, 1999).

b. Berdasarkan bentuk hipertensi, yaitu1) Hipertensi diastolik (diastolic hypertension)Peningkatan tekanan diastolik tanpa diikuti peningkatan tekanan sistolik. Biasanya ditemukan pada anak-anak dan dewasa muda.2) Hipertensi campuran (sistol dan diastol yang meninggi)Peningkatan tekanan darah pada sistol dan diastol.3) Hipertensi sistolik (isolated systolic hypertension)Peningkatan tekanan sistolik tanpa diikuti peningkatan tekanan diastolik. Umumnya ditemukan pada usia lanjut.(Ismudiati, 2003)Untuk menilai apakah seseorang itu menderita penyakit hipertensi atau tidak haruslah ada suatu standar nilai ukur dari tensi atau tekanan darah. berbagai macam klasifikasi hipertensi yang digunakan di masing-masing negara seperti klasifikasi menurutJoint National Committee 7 (JNC 7)yang digunakan di negara Amerika Serikat, Klasifikasi menurutChinese Hypertension Societyyang digunakan di Cina, Klasifikasi menurutEuropean Society of Hypertension (ESH)yang digunakan negara-negara di Eropa, Klasifikasi menurut InternationalSociety on Hypertension in Blacks (ISHIB)yang khusus digunakan untuk warga keturunan Afrika yang tinggal di Amerika. Badan kesehatan dunia, WHO juga membuat klasifikasi hipertensi.Di Indonesia sendiri berdasarkan konsensus yang dihasilkan pada Pertemuan Ilmiah Nasional Pertama Perhimpunan Hipertensi Indonesia pada tanggal 13-14 Januari 2007 belum dapat membuat klasifikasi hipertensi sendiri untuk orang Indonesia. Hal ini dikarenakan data penelitian hipertensi di Indonesia berskala nasional sangat jarang.Karena itu para pakar hipertensi di Indonesia sepakat untuk menggunakan klasifikasi WHO dan JNC 7 sebagai klasifikasi hipertensi yang digunakan di Indonesia.Klasifikasi Hipertensi menurut WHOKategoriSistol (mmHg)Diastol (mmHg)

Optimal< 120< 80

Normal< 130< 85

Tingkat 1 (hipertensi ringan)140-15990-99

Sub grup : perbatasan140-14990-94

Tingkat 2 (hipertensi sedang)160-179100-109

Tingkat 3 (hipertensi berat) 180 110

Hipertensi sistol terisolasi 140< 90

Sub grup : perbatasan140-149< 90

Klasifikasi Hipertensi menurutJoint National Committee 7

KategoriSistol (mmHg)Dan/atauDiastole (mmHg)

Normal


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