Classification and diversity of living organisms – 4th Year Summer Exam

Concept and use of a classificatory system define and describe the binomial system of naming species and classify the five main

classes of vertebrates using visible, external characteristic features only

Classification makes the ____________________________ of living organisms easier. It involves

the sorting of organisms into _______________ according the to ______________ they have in

common. The biggest group is the __________________.

There are 5 kingdoms

________________________ - Very small and single-celled, with cell walls but not nucleus

(they do have simple DNA)

________________________ - Single celled with a nucleus

________________________ - Cell walls contain chitin, with a nucleus

________________________ - Multicellular organisms, can make food through

photosynthesis

________________________ - Multicellular, have to obtain food

Each Kingdom is divided into smaller groups

P___________________________

C___________________________

O___________________________

F___________________________

G___________________________

S___________________________

Binomial System

The system of classifying organisms uses two names - __________________ and ____________ -

which are written in _____________________.

The genus name always has a ____________________ letter

e.g. Panthera leo lion

Adaptations of organisms to their environment, to be illustrated by examples wherever possible list the main features used in the classification of the following groups: flowering plants

(monocotyledons and dicotyledons), arthropods (insects, crustaceans, arachnids and myriapods), annelids, nematodes and molluscs, using visible, external characteristic features only

list the main features used in the classification of the following groups: viruses, bacteria and fungi, and their adaptation to the environment, as appropriate

Classification of vertebrates vertebrates are animals with a _____________________________

vertebrates are divided into 5 classes

Vertebrate class

visible external Features

Fish

Amphibians

Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Classification of Arthropods They are ___________________________ - They have no backbone They have and _______________________ which is waterproof Their bodies are _____________________ They have _________________ limbs

Class Example External features

Insects

Arachnids

Crustaceans

Myriapods

Classification of other groups of invertebratesClass Example External features

Annelids

nematodes

Molluscs

Classification of viruses, bacteria and fungiViruses, e.g. HIV

Very small

NOT ____________________

Contain a strand of DNA or RNA

Surrounded by a ________________ _________________ (capsid)

Only life process they show is ____________________ (inside host cells)

Bacteria e.g. E. coli Small Cell wall, cell membrane and cytoplasm

No ___________________, DNA is a single coil

Some have a slime capsule

Some have ______________ (for movement)

Fungi e.g. Mucor

Multicellular fungi are composed of ____________________

Cell walls made of cellulose or chitin

Do not ___________________________

Some produce spores

Classification of flowering plantsKey features

Multicellular organisms

___________________ cell walls and sap vacuoles

Roots, stems and leaves

Some cells contain _____________________

Two groups

o Monocotyledons

o Dicotyledons

The term ____________________ means “seed leaf”

FEATURE MONOCOTYLEDON DICOTYLEDON

Leaf Shape

Leaf veins

Cotyledons(seed leaf)

Grouping of flower parts

In threes In fives