Unit: EntomologyUnit: Entomology

Lesson: Insect ClassificationLesson: Insect Classification

• What is Scientific Classification?What is Scientific Classification?

• Scientific Classification is a system Scientific Classification is a system used to classify all living things used to classify all living things through a breakdown starting with the through a breakdown starting with the largest grouping called a Kingdom and largest grouping called a Kingdom and continuing down to the smallest continuing down to the smallest grouping called Individual.grouping called Individual.

• Why is Scientific Classification used in the Why is Scientific Classification used in the identification of insects?identification of insects?

• Insects can be placed into groupings based upon Insects can be placed into groupings based upon their physical characteristics. Insects with similar their physical characteristics. Insects with similar characteristics, number of wings, mouthparts, etc. are characteristics, number of wings, mouthparts, etc. are placed in a group with other insects that possess the placed in a group with other insects that possess the same characteristics.same characteristics.

• Identification of insect orders aids in prevention and Identification of insect orders aids in prevention and management plans. management plans.

• Scientific ClassificationScientific Classification

• KingdomKingdom

• PhylumPhylum

• ClassClass

• Order Order

• FamilyFamily

• GenusGenus

• SpeciesSpecies

• Where do Insects fit?Where do Insects fit?

• Insects belong in the Phylum Insects belong in the Phylum Arthropoda. The Phylum Arthropoda Arthropoda. The Phylum Arthropoda is characterized by having segmented is characterized by having segmented bodies and jointed appendages.bodies and jointed appendages.

• Lady Beetle - Hippodamia convergens Lady Beetle - Hippodamia convergens

• Kingdom – Animalia Kingdom – Animalia • Phylum - Phylum -

ArthropodaArthropoda• Class - InsectaClass - Insecta• Order - ColeopteraOrder - Coleoptera• Family - Family -

CoccinellidaeCoccinellidae• Genus - Genus -

Hippodamia. Hippodamia. • Species - Species -

convergens convergens

• 5 Classes of Arthropods5 Classes of Arthropods

• Class #1-Class #1- Hexapoda: Insects, six, Hexapoda: Insects, six, jointed appendagesjointed appendages

• Class #2-Class #2- Chilopoda- Centipedes, Chilopoda- Centipedes, one pair of legs per body segment, one pair of legs per body segment, multiple body segmentsmultiple body segments

• Class #3-Class #3- Diplapoda- Millipedes, two Diplapoda- Millipedes, two pairs of legs per body segment, pairs of legs per body segment, multiple body segmentsmultiple body segments

• Class #4-Class #4- Crustacea- Crayfish, five Crustacea- Crayfish, five pairs of jointed appendagespairs of jointed appendages

• Class #5-Class #5- Arachnida- Spiders, four Arachnida- Spiders, four pairs of jointed appendagespairs of jointed appendages

• There are 31 different orders of insects in the class There are 31 different orders of insects in the class Hexapoda, sixteen of which are considered of Hexapoda, sixteen of which are considered of

economic importance to agriculturists.economic importance to agriculturists.

The sixteen orders are:The sixteen orders are:

• OrthopteraOrthoptera• HemipteraHemiptera• HomopteraHomoptera• ColeopteraColeoptera• LepidopteraLepidoptera• DipteraDiptera• HymenopteraHymenoptera• OdonataOdonata

• NeuropteraNeuroptera• ThysanuraThysanura• IsopteraIsoptera• SiphonapteraSiphonaptera• PhthirapteraPhthiraptera• ThysanopteraThysanoptera• DermapteraDermaptera• BlattodeaBlattodea

OrthopteraOrthopteraIncludes:Includes:

Indian House CricketsIndian House Crickets

Field CricketField Cricket Short-horned Grasshoppers Short-horned Grasshoppers Katydid (Long-horned Grasshoppers)Katydid (Long-horned Grasshoppers)

Mouthparts:Mouthparts:

ChewingChewing

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::

Incomplete MetamorphosisIncomplete Metamorphosis

Damage: Damage: Chewing leaves, Crop grains, Chewing leaves, Crop grains,

Fun FactsFun Facts: :

Many produce sound through stridulating. Many produce sound through stridulating.

Over 20,000 species worldwide. Over 20,000 species worldwide.

Hemiptera – True BugsHemiptera – True BugsIncludes:Includes: Assassin bugsKissing bugsLeaf-footed bugLygus bug Stink bug Minute pirate bug Big-eyed bug Damsel bug Mouthparts:Mouthparts:

Piercing-SuckingPiercing-Sucking

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::

Incomplete MetamorphosisIncomplete Metamorphosis

Fun FactsFun Facts: :

All of the true “bugs” are in this order. All of the true “bugs” are in this order.

Most have a common v shape on their shield. Most have a common v shape on their shield.

HomopteraHomoptera

Includes:Includes: Cicadas Aphids Armored scales Cottony cushion scaleCochineal scale Leafhoppers TreehoppersWhiteflies

Mouthparts:Mouthparts:SuckingSucking

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::Generally incomplete Generally incomplete

Fun FactsFun Facts: : Cochineal scales are used in Cochineal scales are used in makeup products for the red makeup products for the red color.color.

ColeopteraColeopteraIncludes:Includes: Beetles and Weevils Beetles and Weevils

Blister beetleBoll weevil Collops beetleDarkling beetle (Pinacate or Eleodes beetle)Dermestid beetle Dung beetleFig beetleFlea beetleLady beetle (Ladybird beetle/ Ladybug) Long-horned beetle (round-headed wood borer) Palo Verde root borerMetallic wood borer (flat-headed borer) White grub (Scarab beetle larva)10 Striped June beetle

Mouthparts:Mouthparts:Chewing, Weevil- Piercing SuckingChewing, Weevil- Piercing Sucking

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::Complete MetamophosisComplete Metamophosis

Fun Facts:Fun Facts: Coleoptera means sheath wing.Coleoptera means sheath wing.

LepidopteraLepidoptera

Includes:Includes: Butterflies and Moths Butterflies and MothsBagwormBagworm

• Two-tailed SwallowtailTwo-tailed Swallowtail• Budworm/BollwormBudworm/Bollworm• Pink BollwormPink Bollworm• Grape-leaf SkeletonizerGrape-leaf Skeletonizer• Salt Marsh CaterpillarSalt Marsh Caterpillar• Tomato HornwormTomato Hornworm• Sphinx MothSphinx Moth• MonarchMonarch• Checkered skipperCheckered skipperMouthparts:Mouthparts: Chewing – Caterpillars, Chewing – Caterpillars,

Siphoning – adult. Siphoning – adult. MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::

Complete MetamorphosisComplete MetamorphosisFun Facts:Fun Facts: The largest butterfly is the The largest butterfly is the

Birdwings that have 11in wingspans.Birdwings that have 11in wingspans.

DipteraDipteraIncludes: Includes: Flies, Midges, MosquitoFlies, Midges, Mosquito

House fly Crane fly Syrphid or hover fly Bee flyTachinid flyBot flyDeer flyMosquitoGall Midge

Mouthparts:Mouthparts:Sponging, Piercing sucking- MosquitoSponging, Piercing sucking- Mosquito

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::Complete MetamophosisComplete Metamophosis

Facts:Facts: Are common vectors of disease. Are common vectors of disease.

HymenopteraHymenopteraIncludes:Includes: Bees, Wasps, Ants Bees, Wasps, Ants

Horntail waspSawflyGall waspsHoney beeLeaf-cutter beeCarpenter beeBumble beeHarvester antLeaf-cutter ant Fire antVelvet Ant (mutillid)Paper wasp Ichneumon wasp Thread-waisted wasp Tarantula hawk (spider wasp)

Mouthparts:Mouthparts:Chewing-Lapping Chewing-Lapping

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::Complete MetamophosisComplete Metamophosis

Facts:Facts: Contain all the social insects Contain all the social insects except termites. except termites.

Odonata Odonata

Includes:Includes: Dragonfly, Dragonfly, DamselflyDamselfly

Mouthparts:Mouthparts:Chewing-Lapping Chewing-Lapping

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::Complete MetamorphosisComplete Metamorphosis

Facts:Facts: Live in the water the first year of their Live in the water the first year of their

lives. lives. After leaving the water they only live After leaving the water they only live

a month. a month. Have been around 300 million years. Have been around 300 million years.

NeuropteraNeuroptera

Includes:Includes: Green LacewingGreen LacewingAntlion

Mouthparts:Mouthparts:

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::Complete MetamorphosisComplete Metamorphosis

Facts:Facts: Both are beneficial insects. Both are beneficial insects. Antlions creat a sand pit to Antlions creat a sand pit to

capture unsuspecting prey.capture unsuspecting prey.

ThysanuraThysanura

Includes:Includes: SilverfishSilverfishFirebratFirebrat

Mouthparts: Mouthparts: ChewingChewing

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::Incomplete MetamorphosisIncomplete Metamorphosis

Facts:Facts: Like to lay their eggs in books and wall paper because of the Like to lay their eggs in books and wall paper because of the

paper and glue. paper and glue. Live 3-5 yearsLive 3-5 yearsMost primitive of all insects. Most primitive of all insects. •

IsopteraIsoptera

Includes:Includes:

Dry-wood termite

• Subterranean termite

Mouthparts: Mouthparts: Chewing MouthpartsChewing Mouthparts

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::Incomplete MetamorphosisIncomplete Metamorphosis

Facts:Facts: Live for 15 years.Live for 15 years.Lay 1 egg every 15 secondsLay 1 egg every 15 secondsEat wood. Can destroy a house in 2-3 years. Eat wood. Can destroy a house in 2-3 years. Found in every US state except Alaska. Found in every US state except Alaska. Recycle wood in the soil. Recycle wood in the soil. •

SiphonapteraSiphonaptera

Includes:Includes: Cat and dog flea

Mouthparts:Mouthparts:Piercing SuckingPiercing Sucking

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::Complete MetamorphosisComplete Metamorphosis

Facts:Facts: Fleas can live 100 days without feeding. Fleas can live 100 days without feeding. Can jump 100 times their own length. Can jump 100 times their own length. Been around more than 100 million years. Been around more than 100 million years. Females can consume more than 15 times Females can consume more than 15 times

their body weight daily. their body weight daily.

• Phthiraptera Phthiraptera Formally Anoplura and MallophagaFormally Anoplura and Mallophaga

• Includes:Includes: Lice Lice• Chewing Louse Chewing Louse • Sucking Louse

• Mouthparts:Mouthparts:• Chewing and Piercing-SuckingChewing and Piercing-Sucking• MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::• Complete MetamorphosisComplete Metamorphosis• Facts:Facts: • Sucking lice feed continuously on liceSucking lice feed continuously on lice• Chewing lice feed on hair and feathers of animals Chewing lice feed on hair and feathers of animals

and humans. and humans. • Wingless. Do not fly or jumpWingless. Do not fly or jump

BlattodeaBlattodea

Includes:Includes: Cockroaches Cockroaches• American CockroachAmerican Cockroach• Brown-banded cockroachBrown-banded cockroach• Desert CockroachDesert Cockroach• Turkish CockroachTurkish Cockroach• German CockroachGerman Cockroach

Mouthparts: Mouthparts: Chewing Mouthparts

MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::• Complete MetamorphosisComplete MetamorphosisFacts:Facts: • Typically Live outsideTypically Live outside• Walk inside. DO NOT live in the water pipes. Walk inside. DO NOT live in the water pipes.

• Dermaptera Dermaptera

• Includes:Includes: Earwigs Earwigs• Earwig•• Mouthparts: Mouthparts: Chewing Mouthparts•• MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::• Complete MetamorphosisComplete Metamorphosis• Facts:Facts: • Like humid, dark areas. Like humid, dark areas. • Release a foul smelling liquid up to 4in away. Release a foul smelling liquid up to 4in away. • Oldest known fossil dates back to Jurassic period. Oldest known fossil dates back to Jurassic period.

• ThysanopteraThysanoptera

• Includes:Includes: Thrip Thrip• Thrip•

• Mouthparts: Mouthparts: Rasping-Sucking Mouthparts•

• MetamorphosisMetamorphosis::• Complete MetamorphosisComplete Metamorphosis• Facts:Facts: • Common Pests on flowers, citrus and onions.

• Multiples of this pest are still called Thrip.

Ticket Out

list 1 insect orderlist 1 insect order

2-5 insects in that order2-5 insects in that order

mouthparts in that ordermouthparts in that order

lifecycles in that order lifecycles in that order