class session 4 program ideas and needs assessment
TRANSCRIPT
ADLT 602 – Fall 2010
Program Ideas and Needs AssessmentClass Session 4
Agenda
Where are we with Caffarella’s Interactive Model of Program Design?
Paired discussions from Exercises 4.1 and 4.2 in Caffarella text – The Importance of Context in the Planning Process
Needs Assessment Discussion
Cultural Sensitivity in Conducting Needs Assessments and Designing Evaluations
Caffarella’s Interactive Program Planning Model
Interactive Model of Program
Planning
Building a SolidBase of support
IdentifyingProgram IdeasSorting and PrioritizingProgram IdeasDeveloping
Program Objectives
DesigningInstructional Plans
DevisingTransfer of LearningPlans
FormulatingEvaluatingPlans
Making Recommendationsand CommunicatingResults
Preparing Budgetsand Marketing Plans
CoordinatingFacilities andOn-site Events
Discerning the Context
Selecting Formats, Schedules, and Staff Needs
Discerning the Context
Defined as “the human, organizational,
and environmental factors that affect the
decisions planners make about programs.”
People: who should be invited to the planning table? Organization factors: structural, political, and
cultural
o History and traditions, SOPs, who makes decisions
o Power relations among individuals and groups;
coalitions
• Environmental
o The social, economic, and political climate
Analyzing the Context YOUR Program Planning Project
Work with a partner
Consider your program planning project for this class and answer these questions: Who else should be invited to YOUR planning
table?
What are the key contextual issues that need to be taken into consideration?
Structural
Political
Cultural
Analyzing the Context YOUR Program Planning Project
How do you think power will influence your program planning process in ….o Shaping needs?
o Setting agendas?
o Determining populations?
o Making decisions?
o Allocating resources?
Analyzing the Context YOUR Program Planning Project
Analyzing the Context YOUR Program Planning Project
Needs Assessment/Analysis and Generating Program Ideas
What is a Needs Assessment?
“a process for identifying knowledge and skills necessary for achieving organizational goals.” (Brinkerhoff& Gill, 1994)
“a method of finding out the nature and extent of performance problems and how they can be solved.” (Molenda, Pershing, & Reigeluth, 1996)
The ADDIE ModelAssess, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate
Assess Needs
Prioritize needs
Define objectives
Develop lesson plans
Develop materials
Select trainer
Select methods and techniques
Schedule training
Deliver the program or educational intervention
Select evaluation criteria
Determine evaluation design
Conduct evaluation
Interpret results
Needs Assessment Approaches
Strategic
Competency-based - KSAOs
Job and task analysis
Training needs assessment
When do you use each one?
Strategic / Organizational Needs Assessment
Organizational goals Identify areas where organizational goals are
not being met Organizational resources
Determine resource availability including facilities, materials, expertise within the org
Organizational climate Assess readiness of the org climate to influence
transfer of training Environmental constraints
Identify legal, social, political, and economic issues that might affect training
What is a task analysis?
Systemic collection of data about a specific job or group of jobs to determine what individuals should be taught to achieve optimal performance
KSAOs – What are they?
Knowledge – factual knowledge necessary for successful performance
Skill – level of proficiency at a task
Ability – A more general enduring trait (such as persistence, flexibility)
Other characteristics – personality, interests, and attitudes
How do you conduct a task analysis?
o Develop an overall description of what is expected of the individual.
o Identify each task. Describe what should be done. Describe what is actually done.
o Describe KSAOs needed.o Identify and prioritize areas that can
benefit from training.
Components of a performance gap
What is happening?
What should be happening?
Cause – Why does the problem exist?
Symptoms – What are the effects of the problem?
Gap
Rothwell and Kazanas
Strategies for Collecting Needs Assessment Data
Personal and Professional Experience
Experts
Interviews
Focus Groups
Observations
Standardized Assessment Instruments
Locally Constructed Instruments and Procedures
Extant Data
When do you use each one?
How do you communicate the results?
In-Class Exercise – to get you started
DEVELOPING CULTURAL SENSITIVITY
What do we mean by “culture” ?
Strategies for Making Needs Assessments (and Evaluations) More Culturally Sensitive
Strategies for Making Needs Assessments (and Evaluations) More Culturally Sensitive