CHEMISTRY OF LIFE REVIEW

True or False

• Matter (atoms) obey the same rules of chemistry whether they are in living or non living things.

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• If we take a living thing apart, we eventual end up with ____________

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• Life builds from atoms to form many levels of organization. What happens at each new level?

A. A vital force becomes apparentB. Rules of chemistry changeC. New properties emergeD. Nothing changes

LIST

• LIST 12 LEVELS OF BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION

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All living and non-living things are composed ________________. HINT-takes up space and has mass

SHORT ANSWER

• Where do living things get there matter from?

SHORT ANSWER

• Why must matter be recycled?

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• Matter is composed of ______________• HINT-A pure substance that can’t be broken

down any further by ordinary chemical means

LIST

• What are the six elements that make up 98% of living things?

SHORT ANSWER

• How can you CHNOPS to evolution?

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• 3-4 different types of CHNOPS elements combine to make the ______________

of living things. HINT-Two or more different elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.

SHORT ANSWER

• What are trace elements?

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• Each type of element consists of one type of _____________. HINT-Smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• What determines the properties of an element?

A. Structure of atomB. Arrangement of atoms within a compoundC. Structure of a moleculeD. The nucleus of an atom

SHORT ANSWER

• What are the three components of an atom?

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• The nucleus of an atom contains _________ and _______________

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• What forms a cloud around the nucleus of an atom?

A. ProtonsB. NeutronsC. ElectronsD. Alpha particles

SHORT ANSWER

• Which two subatomic particles make up most of the mass of the atom?

LIST

• List the subatomic particles and give their charge.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• What subatomic particle identifies the atom?A. ProtonB. NeutronC. ElectronD. Alpha particle

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• What subatomic particle determines how an atom behaves?

A. ProtonB. NeutronC. ElectronD. Alpha particle

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• What subatomic particle determines the behavior of an atom?

A. ProtonB. NeutronC. ElectronD. Both the protons and the neutrons

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• The atomic number is the number of:A. ProtonsB. NeutronsC. ElectronsD. Both the protons and the neutrons

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• The mass number is the number of:A. ProtonsB. Neutrons plus electronsC. Electrons plus protonsD. Both the protons and the neutrons

SHORT ANSWER

• A neutral atom has an atomic mass of 18 and 7 electrons. How many protons and neutrons does it have?

SHORT ANSWER

• An atom with a negative 2 charge has an atomic mass of 18 and 7 electrons. How many protons and neutrons does it have?

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• Two atoms with same atomic number but different mass number are called _______________.

TRUE OR FALSE

• Living things are able to distinguish between radioactive isotopes and non radioactive isotopes of same element.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• Why are radioactive isotopes beneficial in biology?

• A. They are easily detected an traced.• B. They behave exactly the same way as their

nonradioactive isotope partners.• C. living things don’t distinguish a difference

between radioactive and nonradioactive isotopes of same element.

• D. All are correct

LIST

• List five uses of radioactive isotopes in biology:

SHORT ANSWER

• How are radioactive isotopes harmful?

SHORT ANSWER

• What electrons determine the behavior of an atom?

LIST

• List the number of electrons required to fill electron shell 1, 2, and 3

TRUE OR FALSE

• If the valence shell is complete it has eight electrons in it except for the first shell which is complete with two electrons.

TRUE OR FALSE

• If the valence shell is complete the atom is said to be reactive and unstable.

TRUE OR FALSE

• If the valence shell is not filled the atom is said to be reactive and unstable.

TRUE OR FALSE

• If an atom is stable and unreactive it will combine and form bonds with other atoms.

TRUE OR FALSE

• If an atom is unstable and reactive it will combine and form bonds with other atoms.

SHORT ANSWER

• What are the two ways atoms can become stable?

MATCHING

A. Valence electronsB. Valence ShellC. Valence Number

____ Number of electrons in outer shell____ The Number of bonds an atom can make____ The outer most electron shell

SHORT ANSWER

• An atom has an atomic number of eight. What is its valence number and how many bonds can it make?

SHORT ANSWER

• Why does an atom transfer an electron to another atom?

SHORT ANSWER

• When there is a transfer of an electron from one atom to another atom, what happens to the charge on each atom?

SHORT ANSWER

• What do we call an atom with a charge?

VERY SHORT ANSWER

• Does the chlorine atom have the same properties as its ion?

VERY SHORT ANSWER

• Are ionic bonds strong in the aqueous environment of living things?

SHORT ANSWER

• Two ions with opposite charge will form what type bond?

SHORT ANSWER

• Sharing of electrons is what type of bond?

SHORT ANSWER

• Why are the compounds of living things made by combining CHNOPS atoms with covalent bonds?

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• The number of bonds an atom can form is equal to:

A. The number of valence electronsB. The number of electrons needed to fill outer shellC. The number neutronsD. The number of charges

A LONGER SHORT ANSWER

• Name & explain the difference between the two types of covalent bonds.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• Which molecule is the polar molecule?A. C2H2B. NH3C. C6H6

TRUE OR FALSE

• Polar covalent compounds have areas with partial negative charge and areas with partial positive charges.

SHORT ANSWER

• What does electronegativity help us determine?

Use Choices Below To Answer questions On Next Slide

A. Atom on left side of periodic table, contains 1 or 2 valence electrons, and has low electronegativity.B. Atom on right side of periodic table, contains 6 or 7 valence electrons, and has low electronegativity but higher than A.C. Atom on right side of periodic table, contains 6 or 7 valence electrons, and has high electronegativity.

Answer question below using info from previous slide

What type of bond will you have if you combine the following:1. Combine A with C2. Combine B with another B3. Combine B with C

SHORT ANSWER

• A nonmetal bonded to a nonmetal will be what type of bond?

SHORT ANSWER

• A metal bonded to a nonmetal will give you what type of bond?

SHORT ANSWER

• A nonmetal with low electronegativity is bonded to a nonmetal with high electronegativity will give you what type of bond?

SHORT ANSWER

• When matter is rearranged by the breaking of bonds and formation of new bonds, what took place.

SHORT ANSWER

• Give two reasons why chemical reactions occur in cells all the time

TRUE OR FALSE

Energy is stored in matter and when matter is rearranged in a chemical reaction energy may be released or absorbed and stored in the new matter formed.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• All are true of biosynthesis reactions EXCEPT: A. Build larger molecules from smaller molecules.B. Store energyC. Are exothermicD. Are anabolicE. Example is photosynthesis

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• All are true of biosynthesis reactions EXCEPT: A. Build larger molecules from smaller molecules.B. Stores energyC. Are exothermicD. Are anabolicE. Example is photosynthesis

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• All are true of decomposition reactions EXCEPT:

A. Break larger molecules into smaller moleculesB. Release energyC. ExothermicD. AnabolicE. Example would cell respiration

TRUE OR FALSE

• The energy required to get a chemical reaction started (in other words-need energy to get molecules moving to collide with enough force to break bonds) is called activation energy.

TRUE OR FALSE

• In a lab activation energy is supplied by heat but cells must maintain homeostasis and keep their temperature stable so instead of heat they use enzymes to speed up reactions.

MATCHING

• A. Reactants• B. Products• C. Law of conservation of matter• ___ 1. Left side of equation-substances that

enter into chemical reaction• ____ 2. Right side of equation-Substances

formed by change• ____ 3. Matter is not created or destroyed

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• Chemical equations can tell us all of these EXCEPT:

• A. Types of atoms• B. Number of atoms• C. Numerical proportion of atoms• D. Position of atoms• E. Reactants and products

TRUE OR FALSE

• In a chemical equation, the number before a symbol represent the number of atoms of the element and the subscript to the left of an element indicates the number of molecules of each substance.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• It took 8000 Kcal of energy to break the bonds of the reactants and 7000 Kcal of energy were released in the formation of the products. Overall, the chemical reaction was:

A. ExothermicB. Endothermic

THE END

• YEA!!!!!!!!