chemistry · chemistry is a physical science chemistry is the study of: the composition, structure,...
TRANSCRIPT
Chemistry is a Physical Science
Chemistry is the study of:
the composition, structure, and properties of matter
the processes that matter undergoes
the energy changes that accompany these processes
The Branches of Chemistry Organic Chemistry – The
study of most carbon containing compounds
Inorganic Chemistry – The study of nonorganic compounds
Physical Chemistry – The study of properties and changes of matter and their relation to energy
Analytical Chemistry – The identification of the components and composition of materials
Biochemistry – The study of substances and process of living things
Theoretical Chemistry – The use of mathematics and computers to understand the principles behind observed chemical behavior and to design and predict the properties of new compounds
Three Types of Research that Help Us to Understand Our World
Basic Research – For the sake of increasing knowledge such as how and why a specific reaction occurs
Applied Research –Carried out to solve a specific problem
Technological Development – The development of products based on Basic and Applied Research used to make our lives easier
Chemistry Helps Us to UnderstandPast Events
The Goal of Alchemists
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6KDf4LaQfcU
The Development of Gun Powder
Fireworks of Yesterday and Today
Chemistry Helps Us to Understand Products and Services
Use of Science as a selling point
“Laboratory Tested”
“Special Formula”
Example: “Improved Foaming Agents” Does this mean that it washes hair more effectively?
Matter
All matter has mass – a measure of the amount of matter
All matter has volume –the amount of space that a three dimensional object occupies
Therefore; Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
Density formula ρ (rho)
Units of Matter
Atoms are the building blocks of matter. They are the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element.
Elements are pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom
Compounds are pure substances that can be broken down into simple stable substances. Each compound is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded
Characteristic Properties of Matter
Properties that do not depend on the amount of matter present
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Density
Ability to conduct electricity
Ability to transfer Energy as heat
Intensive Properties
Characteristic Properties of Matter
Extensive properties
Properties that depend on the amount of matter that is present
Volume
Mass
length
Amount of Energy in a substance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Eh5BpSnBBw
Physical Properties and Physical Changes of Matter
Physical Properties
A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Color
Physical Changes
A change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of a substance
Chemical Properties and Changes of Matter
Chemical Properties
A substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into a different substance
Chemical Changes
A change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances
Reactants – the substances that react in a chemical change
Products – the substances that are formed from the chemical change
Chemical Properties: The Ability to React -Hazard Diamond
States of Matter
State of Matter Through Time
How Do You Know What You Have?
Understanding Classification
Pure Substance – The composition of a pure substance is the same throughout and does not vary from sample to sample. A pure substance can be an element or a compound.
Mixture – Contains more than one substance. May vary in composition and properties from sample to sample. Each component in a mixture maintains its’ own identity within the mixture.
Homogenous Mixture – Is a “solution”. A mixture that has the same proportion of components throughout.
Heterogeneous Mixture – A mixture that is not uniform throughout.
Colloids and Suspensions
