charles correa housing projects
TRANSCRIPT
HOUSING PROJECTS BY
CHARLES CORREA
BELAPUR HOUSING- RICHA RAJ, 1405029
TARA HOUSING- PARVEEN AFREEN, 1405028
KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS-AARTI RANI, 1405005
BELAPUR INCREMENTAL HOUSINGNAVI MUMBAI
RICHA RAJ
1405029
BELAPUR INCREMENTAL HOUSINGARTIST VILLAGE,SECTOR 8, CBD BELAPUR, NAVI MUMBAI
(1983 -1986)
•A PROPOSAL FOR MASS AFFORDABLE HOUSING
IN NEW MUMBAI (NAVI MUMBAI), WHICH
DEMONSTRATED HOW HIGH DENSITIES COULD BE
ACHIEVED WITH LOW RISE COURTYARD HOMES,
BUILT WITH SIMPLE MATERIALS AT A HUMAN
SCALE.
•BASED ON CLUSTERS OF BETWEEN 7 AND 12
PAIRS OF HOUSES ARRANGES AROUND
COMMUNAL COURTYARDS, THE BUILDING DID NOT
SHARE PARTY WALLS – ALLOWING EACH FAMILY
TO EXTEND AND ADAPT THEIR OWN HOUSE
INDEPENDENTLY.
•550 FAMILIES WERE PLANNED FOR IN A 6-ACRE
AREA LIMITATION.
PLANNING SPACES•THE PROJECT IS GENERATED BY A HIERARCHY OF SPACES. THE FIRST IS THE PRIVATE
COURTYARD OF SINGLE DWELLING USED AS A SPACE FOR OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES.
•SUBSEQUENTLY, SEVEN UNITS ARE GROUPED TO FORM A SMALL COURTYARD TOWN OF
ABOUT 8MX8M.
•THREE OF THESE HOMES FORM A MODULE OF 21 HOMES THAT DESCRIBES THE COLLECTIVE
SPACE OF THE NEXT SCALE (12MX 12M).
PLANNING SPACES
(IDEOLOGIeS)•CORREA DISCUSSED HOUSING AND THE
IMPORTANCE OF PEOPLE TO BE INVOLVED IN
DETERMINING ITS DESIGN AND USE.
•HE ALSO EMPHASISED INCREMENTAL HOUSING
AS A CENTREPIECE TO ANY SOLUTION THAT WAS
PROPOSED FOR A PLACE LIKE DHARAVI.
•THE FOOTPRINT OF EACH PLAN VARIES LITTLE
BIT IN SIZE (45 SQ.M TO 70 SQ. M), MAITAINING
EQUALITY IN THE COMMUNITY.
•SCHEME CATERS WIDE RANGE FROM THE
LOWEST BUDGETS OF RS.20,000, MIDDLE INCOME
GROUPS RS.30,000 – 50,000 AND UPPER INCOME
RS.1,80,000.
PRINCIPLES• INCREMENTALITY
• PLURALISM
• EQUITY
• IDENTITY
• INCOME GENERATION
• OPEN TO SKY SPACE
SERVICES
WATER SUPPLY•THERE IS NO UGT FOR THE PROJECT.
•EACH BUILDING HAS ITS OWN OVER HEAD
TANK.
•SEPARATE UGT FOR SOME BUNGALOWS.
DRAINAGE•SOME WATER IS DRAINED INTO THE MAIN
NALLAH.
•NO SEPARATE STP.
•CHAOTIC DRAINAGE SYSTEM.
•WASTE WATER IS DIRECTLY DRAINED INTO THE
MUNICIPAL SEWER.
ELETRICITY•CHAOTIC ELETRIC CONNECTION.
•SUBSTATION AND METER ROOM LOCATED IN
CONDOMINIUM 1.
•NO GAS PIPE LINES.
•NO RAIN WATER HARVESTING PROJECT.
THE CENTRAL NALLAH
MATERIALS AND
CONSTRUCTION•EXTERNAL WALLS OF BRICK.
•ROOF STRUCTURE COVERED WITH WOODEN
SINGLES.
•PLASTER OF WHITE COLOUR.
•COLOURFUL WOODEN IXTURES.
•OUTDOOR PAVING STONE BLOCKS.
•INDIVISUAL HOUSES RELY ON SIMPLE FLOOR
PLANS AND BUILDING METHODS, ENABLING
LOCAL CRAFTSMAN AND MASONS TO
CONSTRUCT THEM.
•HOMES ARE FREE STANDING, SO RESIDENTS
CAN ADD TO THEM AS THEIR FAMILIES GROW.
DRAWBACKS•NO MAINTAINENCE PROVISIONS WERE MADE
FOR THE COMMON SPACE IN THE CENTER OF
EACH CLUSTER.
•THE RESIDENTS ARE NOT HAPPY WITH THE
CONCEPT OF PUTTING TOILET OUTSIDE THE
HOUSE.
CURRENT SCENARIO•ONE THIRD OF THE ORIGINAL HOMES HAVE BEEN TORN DOWN AND COMPELETELY REBUILT BY
ASPIRING MIDDLE CLASSES.
•YET THE COUETYARDS AND THE COMMUNITY SPACES REMAINS INTACT, IT IS THE STRONG PIECE
OF CITY MAKING THAT HAS LASTED BEYOND THE INDIVISUAL DWELLINGS.
RECENTLY CONSTRUCTED RCC BUNGALOS
THE DILAPIDATED STRUCTURES WHICH DATE BACK TO 1970S ONE OF THE FEW ORIGINAL BUILDINGS
MULTI STORY CONSTRUCTION AS OPPOSED TO THE ORIGINAL ARCHITECTURAL GRAMMAR
CONCLUSION
•THIS HOUSING PROJECT OFFERS QUALITY OF A LIFE OF A VILLAGE WITH THE
SOPHISTICATION OF A CITY.
•EACH CLUSTER PERMITS THE EMERGENCE OF A LOCAL COMMUNITY FEELING, WHILE
INTEGRATING EACH HOUSE TO THE WHOLE
SETTLEMENT AT DIFFERENT LEVELS. THE
HIERARCHY ITSELF IS VERY ORGANIC.
•THE COMPLEX ALLOWED PEOPLE TO MODIFY
THEIR HOUSES FREELY, WHETHER WITH A
PAINTBRUSH AR MORTAR.
“ Making housing is like a bird building its nest.
you start with a basic house, but you have to
let people change it to their own needs.”
- CHARLES CORREA
KANCHANJUGA APARTMENTS
AARTI RANI
1405005
KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS
Location- Bombay, IndiaDate- 1970-1983Type- skyscraper multifamily housing Construction material- concreteClimate-hot and humid No of Storeys- 32Plot size-5260 sqmTower footprint- 436 sqmFEATURES:The tower has a proportion of 1:4(being 21 sqm and 84 m high).6.3 m cantilevered open space.The central core houses shafts and other services also provides the main structural element for resisting lateral forces.The central core is composed of lifts.The central core was constructed ahead of the main structure by slip method of construction, for the 1st time in India for a multi- storied building.
LOCATION AND ZONING:
Parking (heightened ground level)
Entrance and central core
Type A
Type A special
Type B
Type C
Type C special
Type D
Type E
SITE PLAN
• Surface parking- 20• Basement parking- 30• Clubhouse and pool• A,B,C and D type apartments.• Elevator stops at alternate floors. • Provided for all strata of people.
CONCEPT : CLIMATE RESPONSE
•In Bombay a building has to be oriented east-west to catch the prevailing sea breezes, and to open up the best views in the city; the Arabian sea on one side and the harbour on the other. But these unfortunately are also the directions of the hot sun and the heavy monsoon rains.
•Old bungalows solved this problem by wrapping a protective layer of verandas around the main living areas, thus providing the occupants with two lines of defence against the elements.
• Kanchenjunga, an attempt to apply these principles to a high rise building a condominium of 32 luxury apartments of 4 different types, varying from 2-6 bedrooms each.
•The interlock of these variations are expressed externally by the shear end walls that hold up the cantilevers.
INNOVATIVE SECTIONS:
• By studying the section, we can perceive that the whole structure is almost all the way transparent.
• Because of having double height terrace on each unit, most of the rooms get a large volume of natural light and air.
• Differentiated between the external earth filled terraces and the internal elevated living volumes.
Type A- 3 beds, 294 sqm, 10 units Type B- 3 bed, 242 sqm, 12 units
TYPE C- 5 BEDS, 373 SQM, 8 UNITS TYPE D- 4 BEDS, 361 SQM, 4 UNITS
SERVICES– ELECTRICAL– PLUMBING– STORM
WATER DRAINAGE
– FIRE SAFETY
DRAWBACKS– Water
seepage from verandah.
– Noise from Peddar road.
– Structural inapt for the ground.
INTERIORS AND VIEWS
TERRACE GARDENS•Garden terraces are a modern interpretation of the verandah of the traditional bungalow.•Each apartment is provided with a deep, double height garden terrace that is oriented away from the sun so as to afford protection from the elements.•Its minimalist unbroken surfaces are cut away to open up the double height terrace garden at the corners,revealing the complex spatial organisation of living spaces that lie within the tower, through the interlocking form and colour.•62.5% get the view of the harbour and remaining the Arabian sea.•Vibrant red and yellow colours have been used in these balconies.
TARA HOUSING
PARVEEN AFREEN
1405028
TARA HOUSING:
• Tara Apartment is a group housingproject commissioned by TaraCooperative Society, the first housingproject in Delhi.
• The concept was introduced torehabilitate the 1947 partition affectedpeople who had nowhere to settledown after their retirement from theirprofessional lives.
• The famous architect Charles Correawas roped in to design a uniquearchitectural concept.
• Tara housing group has more than 125units and 375 persons per hectare.
• The Tara pays deeply attention to theinner activities which are almosthappen in the central garden and leavethe interaction of traffic behind a wall.
Location: New Delhi, India.The project is located along Guru Ravidas Marg Street which leads to two big residential areas in the North and the South.
SITE EVALUATION:
•The building turns its back on the street to prevent noise, dust from the high flow vehicles. •Being staked as a row, central garden, big
overhangs and sharp edges, all give thesebuildings a sense of Indian characteristic underhot sun, full of light without suffering from hightemperature.
SOUTH EAST SECTION
A
A’
FIGURE GROUND
SECTION A-A’
INVERSE FIGURE GROUND GRADIENT:PUBLIC(LIGHT)- POROSITYPRIVATE(DARK)
CAR CIRCULATION SLOW ROAD NETWORK MAIN SITE ENTRANCES
BUILDING:• The duplex units are accessed
either at ground floor or second floor levels by outdoor stair cases.
• Two kinds of flat: two-bedroom flats- 84 sq. m(3 m wide, 6 m high with two floors and 15 m long, three-bedroom flats -130 sq. m.
• Each unit is provided an open terrace which is protected by a pergola and big overhangs.
• Two sides of the project are connected by staircases.
TWO BEDROOM FLAT
THREE BEDROOM FLAT
EVALUATION:
• The concept of building allows people to access directly to the interior garden.
• Everyone also has their own open-to-sky terraces with full filled shadow.
• By taking advantages of sun, wind directions and open spaces, hence lighting access and ventilation to each dwelling are maximized.
DWELLING :
• The dwellings are grouped into some small and medium blocks. Some blocks are assembled only by two-bedroom flat, some are combined between two-bedroom type and three-bedroom type. It creates the diversity of form but still maintains the logic of dwellings’ functions.
• There are just 16 three-bedroom flats so that it is not sufficient for families which have more than 4 members.
TWO BEDROOM TYPE:
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
•The complex is formed due to thecombination between pairs ofaccommodation units. •The second floor which is larger than the
ground one with a big overhang thatrises further approximately 6 m givesthe mixture between shadow and light. • The duplex above is also push back
hence front of the below one is protectedtoo.
•In that way, the whole central garden is fullfilled with shadow.
SECOND FLOOR PLAN
SECTION
DAY ZONE NIGHT ZONE
KITCHEN BATHROOM
CIRCULATION
THREE BEDROOM TYPE:FLAT A’S GROUND FLOOR PLAN
FLAT B’S GROUND FLOOR PLAN
FLAT A’S SECOND FLOOR PLAN
FLAT B’S SECOND FLOOR PLAN
•In the shape of “L”, this
type seems to be difficult to attach in the middle of a
cluster and all of them are
located in the outer-most.
DWELLING TYPOLOGY:
CONCEPT:
• A creative vernacular typology in terms of arranging and piling the singular flat into united blocks.
• They provide thermal relief to inhabitants during the harsh summer sun, with big overhangs over the units and a central garden, allowing infiltration of ample light within the units while preventing high temperatures.
PARKING LOT AND LIGHTING ACCESSIBILITY
•By separating the outside world and providing an interior garden, the building preserves theprivate life of families within. • Only pedestrians are allowed to enter the
housing group and the parking lot features inthe back of the building.
•The project takes big advantages from natural resources like lighting and ventilation and allfamilies share these features equally.•Indian architectural elements are illustratred with
the use of concrete bands ,panels of exposedbrick, portals , overhangs and shape edges.
NATURAL VENTILATION