Characteristics of a Long Bone

A. Epiphysis• The two ends of a long

bone which are wider than the shaft and take part in the formation of a joint

B. Diaphysis

• Shaft of the long bone

Diaphysis

J. Epiphyseal Disc• In the embryo and the growing

child it is a cartilaginous plate located between the epiphysis and the diaphysis

• AKA = Growth Plate

• It allows for the lengthwise growth of the bone

• It is not present when growing is complete

J. Epiphyseal Disc

J. Epiphyseal Disc

K. Metaphysis

Metaphysis

• Spongy bone tissue located between the diaphysis and the epiphyseal disc

• In the adult the metaphysis is becomes one with the epiphysis

K. Metaphysis

C. Compact bone

• Bone laid down in concentric layers making it appear solid

• This type of bone forms the outer surface of all bones

• It is found in increased width in the diaphysis

C. Compact bone

C. Compact bone

D. Spongy (Cancellous) Bone

• Composed of very thin plates that intersect other plates of bone at various angles, leaving relatively large spaces between them which are filled with bone marrow

D. Spongy (Cancellous) Bone

• Spongy bone is found in the epiphysis

D. Spongy (Cancellous) Bone

G. Medullary Cavity• Cavity coursing the

length of the diaphysis which contains bone marrow

G. Medullary Cavity

E. Periosteum

• Connective tissue sheath composed of two layers

E. Periosteum

a. Outer layer• Tough fibrous layer that

along with bone itself, serves as a place of insertion for muscle tendons

E. Periosteum

b. Inner layer• Delicate cellular layer

responsible for producing growth in the diameter of bone

E. Periosteum

F. Endosteum

Endosteum

• Thin cellular layer found covering the medullary cavity and the cavities of spongy bone which allows for the growth of the diameter of the medullary cavity

F. Endosteum

• This prevents the bone from becoming too solid and heavy as it increases in size

F. Endosteum

H.Articular Cartilage

• Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the bones that are in contact with each other

• The flexibility of the cartilage protects the epiphysis during movement preventing wearing away of the bone

H. Articular Cartilage

I. Articular capsule

• Composed of two layers:

a.Outer layer

• A fibrous layer that is becomes part of the periosteum

I. Articular capsule

b. Inner layer • The SYNOVIAL

MEMBRANE lines the inside of the fibrous layer

I. Articular capsule