chapter 8: the spirit of reform section 1: jacksonian america 1829-1837
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Chapter 8: The Spirit of Reform Section 1: Jacksonian America 1829-1837. Essential Question:. Champion of the “Common Man”?. “King” Andrew?. OR. First Known Painting of Jackson, 1815. General Jackson During the Seminole Wars. The Common Man’s Presidential Candidate. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 8: The Spirit of Reform
Section 1: Jacksonian America 1829-1837
Essential Essential Question:Question:Essential Essential Question:Question:
Champion of Champion of the the
“Common Man”?“Common Man”?
““King”King”Andrew?Andrew?OROR
First Known First Known Painting Painting
of Jackson, 1815of Jackson, 1815
First Known First Known Painting Painting
of Jackson, 1815of Jackson, 1815
General Jackson General Jackson During the During the
Seminole WarsSeminole Wars
General Jackson General Jackson During the During the
Seminole WarsSeminole Wars
The Common Man’sThe Common Man’sPresidential CandidatePresidential Candidate
The Common Man’sThe Common Man’sPresidential CandidatePresidential Candidate
1828 Election 1828 Election ResultsResults
1828 Election 1828 Election ResultsResults
Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c
Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c
Increased Increased Democratization?Democratization?
Increased Increased Democratization?Democratization?
3 White male suffrage increased- no White male suffrage increased- no property restrictions property restrictions
3 Caucus vs. national nominating Caucus vs. national nominating conventionconvention
3 Spoils system? Party loyalty and Spoils system? Party loyalty and support support
3 Rise of Third Parties- Whigs Rise of Third Parties- Whigs (England-limit power of King)(England-limit power of King)
3 Popular campaigning (parades, Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.)rallies, floats, etc.)
3 Two-party system returned in the Two-party system returned in the 1832 election:1832 election:
Dem-Reps Dem-Reps Natl. Reps.(1828) Natl. Reps.(1828) WhigsWhigs (1832) (1832) Republicans (1854)Republicans (1854)
Democrats (1828)Democrats (1828)
The Reign of “King The Reign of “King Mob”Mob”
The Reign of “King The Reign of “King Mob”Mob”
The Nullification Crisis
• • Thinks South pays for North’s prosperity; cotton prices low
• Calhoun devises nullification theory:
- states can reject laws they consider unconstitutional
- states have right to leave Union if nullification denied
British try to flood U.S. with cheap goods; tariff raised 1824, 1828
• Vice-president John C. Calhoun calls 1828 Tariff of Abominations
The The Webster-Webster-Hayne DebateHayne DebateThe The Webster-Webster-Hayne DebateHayne Debate
Sen. Daniel Sen. Daniel WebsterWebsterUnionUnion[MA][MA]
Sen. Robert Sen. Robert
HayneHayneStates’ States’ RightsRights[SC][SC]
South Carolina Rebels
• South Carolina declares 1828, 1832 tariffs null; threatens to secede
• Congress passes Force Bill: can use army, navy against S. Carolina
• Henry Clay proposes tariff that lowers duties over 10 years
Jacksonian Opposition
• Jackson Opposes the Bank• Jackson vetoes bill to re-charter Second Bank of the
United States• Presents bank as privileged institution that favors the
wealthy• Pet Banks• Jackson puts federal money in state banks loyal to
Democratic Party• Whig Party Forms• People unhappy with Jackson form Whig Party, back
American System
1832 1832 CartooCartoo
nn
1832 1832 CartooCartoo
nn
Essential Essential Question:Question:Essential Essential Question:Question:
Champion of Champion of the the
“Common Man”?“Common Man”?
““King”King”Andrew?Andrew?OROR
Results of the Results of the Specie CircularSpecie CircularResults of the Results of the Specie CircularSpecie Circular
$ Banknotes loose their Banknotes loose their value.value.
$ Land sales plummeted.Land sales plummeted.
$ Credit not available.Credit not available.
$ Businesses began to Businesses began to fail.fail.
$ Unemployment rose.Unemployment rose.The Panic of 1837!The Panic of 1837!
The 1836 Election The 1836 Election ResultsResultsThe 1836 Election The 1836 Election ResultsResults
Dem- Martin Van Dem- Martin Van BurenBuren
““Old Old Kinderhook”Kinderhook”[O. K.][O. K.]
Indian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian Removal3 Jackson’s GoalJackson’s Goal??
3 1830 1830 Indian Removal ActIndian Removal Act
3 Cherokee Nation v. GACherokee Nation v. GA (1831)(1831) ** “domestic dependent “domestic dependent nation”nation”
3 Worcester v. GAWorcester v. GA (1832)(1832)
3 Jackson:Jackson: John Marshall has made John Marshall has made hishis decision, now let him decision, now let him enforce enforce it! it!
The Cherokee The Cherokee Nation After 1820Nation After 1820
The Cherokee The Cherokee Nation After 1820Nation After 1820
Indian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian Removal
Trail of Tears Trail of Tears (1838-1839)(1838-1839)Trail of Tears Trail of Tears (1838-1839)(1838-1839)