jacksonian era
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Jacksonian Era. Unit 5. End of an era…. July 4 th 1826: 50 th anniversary of the Dec. of Ind. Thomas Jefferson & John Adams die. …and the beginning of another. What were the characteristics of the New Democracy?. Election of 1824. Andrew Jackson. John Quincy Adams. Election of 1824. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Jacksonian Era
Unit 5
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End of an era…
• July 4th 1826:
• 50th anniversary of the Dec. of Ind.
• Thomas Jefferson & John Adams die
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…and the beginning of another
What were the characteristics of the New Democracy?
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Election of 1824
Andrew Jackson John Quincy Adams
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Election of 1824
Andrew Jackson• Hero of New Orleans
• Little political experience
• “man of the people”
John Quincy Adams• Secretary of State
• Former Ambassador
• Brilliant lawyer
• 30 years of political experience
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Election of 1824Jackson J.Q. Adams
Popular vote
43% 31%
Electoral vote
99(Not a
majority)
84
House vote
7 13
Why?
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John Quincy Adams presidency(1825-1829)
Faced difficulty because:
• Unable to get most of his policies approved by Congress…why?
• Jackson supporters broke off from the Dem-Rep and created the Democratic party
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States Rights
At Issue: Tariff of 1828• Congress increases Tariff of 1816• Britain buys less cotton from South• South gets angry…why?• North doesn’t care…why?
Result: Calhoun’s South Carolina Exposition• Valid?
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Election of 1828Jackson J.Q.
AdamsPopular
vote56% 44%
Electoral vote
178 84
Revolution?
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President Jackson (1829-1837)
• Orphaned & uneducated
• Campaigned against government corruption
• Frequently used the veto power…called “King Andrew”
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The Spoils System
• Giving friends government jobs
• Jackson replaced 10% of federal employees
• Rewarded friends for political support
• Party membership vs. Merit & Service…justifiable?
• Increased power of political parties…how?
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States Rights
1832:
• Congress increases the Tariff again
• S.C. nullifies the Tariff and threatens to secede
1833:
• Congress issues Force Bill…allows Pres. Jackson to use military force to enforce the Tariff
• Henry Clay negotiates a compromise & avoids war
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States Rights
1830:
• Senator Hayne (S.C.) & Senator Webster (MA) debate the nullification issue– Significance?
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Jackson vs. Native Americans
1820s:
• Natives control large parts of southern and western states
• American citizens clash with natives over land
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Jackson vs. Native Americans
(1830) Jackson issues Indian Removal Act:– Government will negotiate for more land from
natives
– Natives would move west and be allowed to maintain their way of life
• Many tribes were forced to sign treaties
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Jackson vs. Native Americans
(1832) Cherokee challenged the law:– Natives argued that the government could not
negotiate a treaty…why?
– Supreme Court ruled the law unconstitutional
• Jackson ignored the ruling
• 1830 – 1840: About 50,000 Native Americans move west of Mississippi River
• Cherokee lost 25% of population on the Trail of Tears
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Trail of Tears
Was the Indian & Removal Act just?
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Post Jacksonian Era
(1837-1845)
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Politics of the post Jacksonian era
What impact will the following presidencies have on American society?
• Martin Van Buren
• William Henry Harrison
• John Tyler
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Martin Van Buren’s presidency(1837-1841)
• Chosen by Jackson
• Causes the Panic of 1837
• Ineffective presidency
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William Henry Harrison’s presidency(1841-1841)
• Portrayed as old war hero/ a common man
• Gives a 1 hour & 45 minute inaugural address in the rain
• Dies one month later of pneumonia
• 1st president to die in office…problem?
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John Tyler’s presidency(1841-1845)
• Harrison’s V.P.
• Assumes presidency
• Fights with his party and Congress over power
• Ineffective president
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Politics of the post Jacksonian era
What impact will the following presidencies have on American society?
• Martin Van Buren
• William Henry Harrison
• John Tyler