chapter 8 section 2 the birth of political parties explain how early political parties emerged....
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Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
• Explain how early political parties emerged.
• Compare the political views of the Republicans and the Federalists.
• Discuss the result of the election of 1796.
Objectives
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Focus: Friday, January 24Benchmark LA 7.1.6.8
Student will determine the main idea or essential message in grade-level or higher texts through inferring, paraphrasing, summarizing, and identifying relevant details.
Review: Read first 3 paragraphs, pg. 290• Based on the exert of the third paragraph, what is the meaning of the word faction?
• A. politics• B. military• C. government• D. group
Write the ULG in your Student Progress Chart.-C-(2-3)
Quiz-take out a sheet of paper and both pens.
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Objective-Unit Learning GoalStudents will be able to analyze the emergence
of political parties and the difference in views between Federalist and Republicans with 90% accuracy.
EQ: How did Americans respond to the internal and external challenges of creating a new Nation?
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Terms and People
• faction – an organized political group
• James Madison – supported Thomas Jefferson’s Republican views
• Thomas Jefferson – Republican candidate for President in 1796 and the nation’s second Vice President
• Alexander Hamilton – Washington’s Secretary of the Treasury; supported Federalist ideas
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Terms and People (continued)
• John Adams – Federalist candidate for President in 1796 and the nation’s second President
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
How did two political parties emerge?
Washington and others feared that factions would be destructive to the new government.
Early political groups were called factions. They were widely thought to be selfish groups.
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
By the 1790s, Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton were quarreling and growing apart.
Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of
State
Alexander Hamilton,
Secretary of the Treasury
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Jefferson’s and Hamilton’s differences led to the development of the first political parties.
Republicans supported Thomas Jefferson and his ally, James Madison.
Federalists supported Alexander Hamilton and his ideas.
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
The Republicans wanted to keep most power at the state or local level.
They feared that a strong central government would act like a monarchy.
Federal government
States
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
The Federalists said that the United States needed a strong federal government.
They believed the federal government would hold the country together and deal with its problems.
Federal government
States
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Federalists were strong among Northern merchants.
Republicans were supported largely by Southern farmers.
The two parties also had geographic differences.
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Federalists and Republicans disagreed about many issues.
Republicans Federalists
Were led by Thomas Jefferson Were led by Alexander Hamilton
Believed people should have political power
Believed wealthy and educated should lead
Favored strong state government Favored strong central government
Emphasized agriculture Emphasized manufacturing, shipping, and trade
Favored strict interpretation of Constitution
Favored loose interpretation of Constitution
Were pro-French Were pro-British
Opposed national bank Favored national bank
Opposed protective tariff Favored protective tariff
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
In 1796, Washington said he would not seek a third term. There would be an election.
Republican Candidate
Thomas Jefferson
Federalist Candidate
John Adams
Both political parties nominated a candidate.
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
In 1796, the President and Vice President were not elected together, as they are today.
The second-place candidate became Vice President.
The candidate with the most votes became President.
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Adams finished first and Jefferson finished second. The nation gained a Federalist President and a Republican Vice President.
John Adams
#1
Thomas Jefferson
#2
This led to serious tensions during the next four years.
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Reading Skill: Identify Cause and Effect
Causes Effect
Differences • Over state, national power• Economic, geographic interests• Relations with Britain, France••
Rise of political parties
• Washington
•
•
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Reading Skill: Identify Cause and Effect
Causes Effect
Differences • Over state, national power• Economic, geographic interests• Relations with Britain, France• Interpretation of Constitution• Over national bank and tariffs
Rise of political parties
• Washington decides not to seek third term• Parties each nominate candidate• Election rules give presidency to top vote-getter, vice presidency to second highest vote-getter
President and vice president from different parties
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Daily AgendaRead: 291-293-Thinking Map-Double Bubble• Handout-Selectively highlight
Cognitive Complexity: Investigation
Identify the situation: Political Parties Emerge• Identify what you know about Politics• Offer a hypothetical scenario, based on what you know• Find out if your hypothetical scenario is possible or reasonable –
through your reading – then discuss/debate with your group
Analyze the problem-What caused there to be political parties? The class will be divided into Federalist/Republicans
With your group, find 5 factors that make your party the most promising for the nation. Class debate.
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Daily Agenda-ContinueAnalyze the issues. . .
What caused there to be political parties? The class will be divided into Federalist/Republicans
With your group, find 5 factors that make your party the most promising for the nation. Class debate.
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Let’s Discuss. . .
• Turn to your partner and discuss one thing about today’s objective and ULG you are sure about.
• Now discuss one thing you are not clear about or may need some extra help to understand.
• Where do you think you are in today's learning goal scales? Why?
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Home Learning-Write:
Based on your debate and political affiliation (federalist/republican)
you will create a 1 page advertisement for your party (1-2 paragraphs) persuading the masses to join your party-
Take a position-Argue your point! Be Persuasive!
Use details from your reading to justify why your party is superior to that of your opponent.
Be creative!! Due Tuesday.
Chapter 8 Section 2
The Birth of Political Parties
Reflection• Where do you think you are on today’s Unit learning goal? Rate
yourself 1-4. (1- I did not try very hard-and do not understand the lesson and 4- I gave it my best-and understand today’s lesson)
• To move up a level, what do you think you need to do?
• Are you clear about the lesson so far?
• Are you confused about anything?
• Is there anything you can do to enhance your learning today?
• Write your reflection answering all questions/below your summary.
• Complete your student progress chart
Have a nice day