chapter 29 history. chapter 29 history australia new zealand
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Chapter 29 History
Chapter 29 HistoryChapter 29 History
AustraliaAustralia
New ZealandNew Zealand
Chapter 29 HistoryChapter 29 History
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1 The Discovery of New ZealandThe Discovery of New Zealand
The colonization of New Zealand The colonization of New Zealand
New Zealand in 20th centuryNew Zealand in 20th century
Maori people:
The Discovery ofThe Discovery of New Zealand New Zealand
1.The Settlement of the Maori Polynesian
Maori, the earliest inhabitants,
arrived New Zealand
about 1000 years ago.
Each man was
excellent warriors
because of frequent warfare.
The Discovery ofThe Discovery of New Zealand New Zealand
1.The Settlement of the Maori Polynesian
Maori, the earliest inhabitants,
arrived New Zealand
about 1000 years ago.
Each man was
excellent warriors
because of frequent warfare.
Kumara,Kumara, a kind of sweet potato, was the most important food plant.
It is a quick maturing crop.
The Discovery ofThe Discovery of New Zealand New Zealand
2. European explorersThe first European is the Dutch explorer
Abel Tasman in 1642.English Captain James Cook has been in
the country for 3 times since 1769, and successfully circumnavigated and mapped it.
The Discovery ofThe Discovery of New Zealand New Zealand
The Colonization The Colonization of New Zealand of New Zealand
Prior to 1840, the British, the Americans and the French did businesses with Maori.
1. Early European settlers
1. Early European settlers
Many more Maoris died because of guns bought from Pakeha (Europeans) and diseases brought by the Pakeha.
The Colonization The Colonization of New Zealand of New Zealand
The Colonization The Colonization of New Zealandof New Zealand
2. The Treaty of WaitangiThe Treaty of Waitangi was signed on
February 6th, 1840. Significance :
It established British law in New Zealand, and guaranteed Maori authority over their land and culture.
The Treaty is considered New Zealand‘s founding document.
3. The Maoris WarsFrom 1810s to 1830s, intertribal Musket
Wars brought great changes.
In 1840s, the interracial conflict worsened.
In 1853, Maori King Movement was initiated.
In 1860, Taranaki War broke out.
In 1872, the New Zealand Wars ended.
The Colonization The Colonization of New Zealandof New Zealand
Significance:
a) Many Maoris died during the wars;b) Maoris lost their lands;c) By 1900, New Zealand was a settler
society, with Maori pushed out to its fringes.
The Colonization The Colonization of New Zealandof New Zealand
4. Economic and Social Development in Second Half of 19th Century
(1)(1) Sheep Farming and Gold RushSheep Farming and Gold Rush Settlers flooded in, changed lands into ranches, and exported the shorn wool to England.
Sheep…
The Colonization The Colonization of New Zealandof New Zealand
The first goldfield was set up at Tuapeka in Otago in 1861.
Gold-mining transformed
the Otago province which
Became the commercial
and industrial centre of
New Zealand during this
time.
The Colonization The Colonization of New Zealandof New Zealand
(2) Prosperity and Depression(2) Prosperity and Depression
In 1870, a development policy was proposed to use loans for constructing public works.
Prosperity of the mid-1870s led was led by these policies; Population increased dramatically.
The Colonization The Colonization of New Zealandof New Zealand
Because there was not a solid growth of productivity, the aftermath of borrowing was an economic depression that lasted into the 1890s.
Refrigeration skill helped British farm livestock industry expand.
Improved transportation facilities made the overseas trade possible.
The Colonization The Colonization of New Zealandof New Zealand
(3) The Liberal Era(3) The Liberal Era New Zealand’s first political party, the
Liberal, took power from 1891 to 1912. Economically, Offer advances to settlers to develop
“family farm” economy ; Politically, Parliamentary government along
democratic lines was well- established. Women received the right to vote in national elections in 1893.
The Colonization The Colonization of New Zealandof New Zealand
2. New Zealand in 20th century wars(1)(1) New Zealand in the South African (‘Boer’) WarNew Zealand in the South African (‘Boer’) War
The South African War of 1899-1902 was often called the Anglo-Boer War, the 1st overseas conflict to involve New Zealand Troops.
It strengthened New Zealanders’ sense of a national identity and set the pattern for the country’s later involvement in the world wars.
New Zealand New Zealand in 20th centuryin 20th century
(2) new Zealand in World War and Ⅰ Ⅱ(2) new Zealand in World War and Ⅰ Ⅱ The two world wars took many New
Zealanders overseas.
Impact on the home front:Impact on the home front:
• New Zealanders’ developing sense of identity;
• Increased confidence in their role in the world.
New Zealand New Zealand in 20th centuryin 20th century
(3)(3) New Zealand Forces in Asia after World New Zealand Forces in Asia after World War ⅡWar Ⅱ
In the post- Second World War conflicts in Asia, New Zealand took part as an ally of the United States.
New Zealand New Zealand in 20th centuryin 20th century
(4) After World War Ⅱ(4) After World War Ⅱ Economically,
• New Zealand successfully expanded agriculture-based economy during World War .Ⅱ
• 1950s-1960s was a period of sustained full development.
• 1970s saw mounting problems.
New Zealand New Zealand in 20th centuryin 20th century
The current objectives: Pursuing free-trade agreement;
building a “knowledge economy”
April 27th, 2008 New Zealand and China signed the New Zealand and China Free Trade Agreement.
New Zealand New Zealand in 20th centuryin 20th century
Tip:
International Status:
As a member of APEC, East Asia Summit, NZ has played a more and more important role in the world.
Migrants:
They have greatly contributed to NZ economy; their unique culture and customs have gradually integrated into the lives of NZers.
New Zealand New Zealand in 20th centuryin 20th century
I. Fill in the following blanks: 1. The earliest inhabitants of New Zealand
were the ______, who arrived from their ancestral ________ homeland of Hawaiki, probably about 1000 years ago.
2. New Zealand’s first political _______ , took power from _____ to 1912. in order to deal with the depression ,they took a series of policies to _______ the economy.
Exercise Exercise
3. After a day of debate, _____________ was signed on February 6th,1840, at Waitangi in the Bay of Islands.
4. In the late 1850s, Otago was excited with the news of the discovery of _______. The first goldfield was set up at Tuapeka in Otago in_______.
5. New Zealand successfully expanded its _______-based economy during World War .Ⅱ
Exercise Exercise
II. Explain the terms: 1. The Treaty of Waitangi The Treaty of Waitangi is a treaty first
signed on February 6, 1840, by representatives of the British Crown, and various Maori chiefs from the northern North Island of New Zealand. The Treaty established a British governor in New Zealand, recognized Maori ownership of their lands and other properties, and gave Maori the rights of British subjects.
Exercise Exercise
2. Abel Tasman
Tasman is best known for his voyages of 1642 and 1644. He led the first known European expedition to reach the islands of Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania) and New Zealand and to sight the Fiji islands.
Exercise Exercise
3. KupeAccording to tribal narratives, Kupe was
the first Polynesian to discover the islands of New Zealand. His journey there was triggered by difficulties with fishing in Hawaiki, his homeland. Apparently the problem was a great octopus belonging to Kupe’s competitor, Muturangi. Kupe set out in his canoe to kill the octopus, and such was the length of the pursuit that it brought him to New Zealand.
Exercise Exercise
4. The Gold Rush During the 1860s in Central Otago, New Zealand, the country's biggest gold rush started
at Gabriel's Gully but spread throughout much of Central Otago, leading to the rapid expansion and commercialization of the new colonial settlement of Dunedin,
which quickly grew to be New Zealand's largest city.
Exercise Exercise
5. Great Depression The Great Depression was a severeworldwide economic depression in thedecade before World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of
the 20th century.
Exercise Exercise
1. When did Maori arrive in New Zealand? What about their lives there?
2. What is the contribution of Captain Cook to the discovery of New Zealand?
3. Tell some reasons of the interracial conflict in New Zealand, 1860s.
4. Give a brief account of New Zealand in “Great Depression”
5. What impact do the wars of 20th century have on New Zealand?
III. Questions for discussion:
If you want to know more, please check the following websites:
http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/ http://history-nz.org/discovery.html
http://www.newzealand.com/travel/about-nz/history/history-home.cfm