chapter 18 amines chem 2124 – general chemistry ii alfred state college professor bensley
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 18Amines
CHEM 2124 – General Chemistry II
Alfred State College
Professor Bensley
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Learning Objectives Identify the characteristics of Amines Name Amines Give examples of common alkaloids Draw the products of acid-base reactions of
amines Identify and name ammonium salts Discuss the importance of amine chemistry in
the pharmaceutical and illicit drug businesses.
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Amines
I. Structure and Bonding
A. IntroductionB. Classification
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Amines
C. Shape, Bond Angles
D. Physical Properties1. Odor, Polarity, Hydrogen Bonding, Boiling and
Melting Points
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Increasing boiling pointIncreasing boiling point
CH3CH2OCH2CH3
diethyl ether
bp = 38 oC
CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2
1-butanamine
bp = 78 oC
Amines
Increasing boiling pointIncreasing boiling point
CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2
1-butanamine
bp = 78 oC
CH3CH2CH2CH2OH1-butanol
bp = 117 oC
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Increasing boiling pointIncreasing boiling point
Amines
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AminesII. Nomenclature
A. Primary Amines
CH3NH2
methanamine
CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2
1-butanamine
For the common name, name the alkyl groupbonded to the N atom with the suffix “-amine.”
CH3NH2 CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2Common Name:methylamine butylamine
SystematicName:
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Amines B. Secondary and Tertiary Amines
1. When the substituents (alkyl groups) are identical:
2. When substituents (alkyl groups) not identical:
Example Name the following 2o amine:
CH3CHCH3
N H
CH3
N-methyl-2-propanamine
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Amines
C. Aromatic Rings with N attached
•Reminder: An NH2 group is called an amino group when named as a substituent.
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AminesIII. Interesting Amines (Alkaloids)
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Amines
IV. Amines as Bases
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Amines
base acidconjugate
acidconjugate
base
+ Cl -
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Amines
• A water-insoluble amine is converted to a water-soluble ammonium salt by treatment with acid.
water-insolublewater-insoluble
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Amines