Chapter 12: End of War of 1812 and

Nationalism Emerges

American Economies• Embargo Act and Non-Intercourse = ___________• Major problem: British wanted to attack America’s ______ *(just like we tried to)Actions: _______________________________(AT A CHEAPER PRICE) to urge Americans to by British goods!Issue: American Congress passes the “______________________” – protectiveDue to failure of the above……_______________________________North: industrialized (Industrial Revolution – replace hand tools with machines)South: Agriculture / slavery – tobacco is overshadowed by KING COTTON_________________________- 2 inventions: (1) _____________and (2) _____________________Cotton Gin: ________________________________________Effect: acceleration of ________________________

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Overall goal: _________________(1) (p) ________________________________: to “force” the British to look for other international markets (don’t want to pay American tax)Problem: South depends too much on foreign markets…____________________________(later renamed the ___________________________________)Southern Reaction: North is still benefiting, South is getting hit worse(2) (i) ______________________________(canals and roads)Examples: ___________and ________________American negative issue during the War of 1812 - ________________________Southern Reaction to Internal Improvements:Hated it! – North is connected to the West (Why should the south pay a tax to benefit the north?)

(3) (n) ______________________(resurrection)Downsized by Jefferson years earlier)2nd Bank of the United States (Positive benefit: _______________) Later killed off by Andrew JacksonProvided: _______________________________Paid for by: _______________________(1)

The So-Called Era of Good Feelings• 1816 – 1824Characteristics:(1) 1 Political Party (Republican) – Federalist Party was killed off at the Hartford Convention = hence no political strife / no 2 Party System(2) Upsurge of Nationalism

– Acquisition of Florida– Monroe Doctrine– Missouri Compromise

New president: James Monroe (1816-1824)Problematic issues: Panic of 1819 and Missouri Compromise

Problematic times during the Era of Good Feelings

(1) ______________________________

(2) Panic of 1819 (FIRST MAJOR FINANCIAL CRISIS IN AMERICAN HISTORY)Produced: deflation (drop in prices) , bank failures (Insolvent _________________) and debtors’ prisons.Domestic problem: ____________________________*(allover)International problem: ______________________________________What truly caused it: “__________” and funding of that “___________” from the 2nd B.O.U.S. = “____________________________”(3) Missouri Compromise• 1818: Sectional balance between free and slave states, and Missouri’s desire would tip the scale

to a slave benefit.• 1819 – Missouri wanted to become a “slave state”• ______________ – 11th free state• Southerners reaction – Missouri will become the next SLAVE state• _______________ = 11th slave state• MISSOURI IS SKIPPED

House Reaction and 3 agenda items of Missouri Compromise (1820)

In the House, the _______________was put forth to limit slavery in Missouri. It proposed that (a) __________________________________________________(b) that slaves born to Missouri slave parents (already there) would __________________________.

Senate shoots this option downMAIN ARGUMENT in the Missouri Compromise: __________________North – __________________________South – __________________________• _________ issues the compromise that(1) ______________would be admitted as a slave state;(2) ______________would be admitted as a free state. (balance) (used to be part of Massachusetts) (3) Regarding future slave land, an east-west line was drawn at _____All new states north of the 36°30’ line would be

free, new states southward would be slave (with the exception of Missouri)

MAJOR NEGATIVES: (1) Missouri is the first “fully carved” state West of the Mississippi and is setting precedent for future states/territories = PROBLEM *Sectionalism (2) Missouri only “ducked” the question; did not SOLVE the issues of the “peculiar institution” of slavery extension.

DURATION: ____________________Famous court case that repealed the Missouri Compromise: ______________________________

____________________________________________________John Marshall Legacy: make the _____________________________McCulloch vs. Maryland (1819)—The "Elastic Clause Case" _____________________________________________________Products:(1) B.O.U.S. is constitutional through “_______________”(2) Federal government got _______________

“The power to tax is the power to destroy, a power to create implies a power to preserve.” - John Marshall

___________________________ (1821)• Cohens – VA family that sold lottery tickets• Goes to Virginia Supreme Court • Outcome: (1) US Supreme Court can review State Supreme Court holdings. (____________________)(2) Federal Government is getting __________________

__________________________(1824)—The "Steamboat Case" Details: Gibbons was issued a ________ license to run a steamboat on the Hudson River between New York and New Jersey.New York had awarded Ogden issued a _______ License to do the same.

Importance: The Supreme Court said New York was wrong to award a monopoly because the Constitution says that only Congress can regulate interstate commerce, not the states.

Outcome:(1) Regulation of “_________” belongs to the _______________________(2) Federal Government is getting ________________

John Quincy Adams Secretary of State

Secretary of State: Foreign issues and policy-Son of John Adams (1796-1800)Rush-Bagot Treaty 1818– established the border between British Canada and America(Border line is 49 degrees from Minnesota to Rocky Mountains – still today)Oregon territory: for now – “joint occupation” between the British and AmericaFuture president: _____________will fight for this in his ____________with his ________________________________

Florida - Spanish territory that housed _________________________________Florida Panhandle: We took it! / Congress ratified the move in 1812 and we did the same in Mobile area – but we want the main bulk of Florida!American Congress allowed ______________(hero of Battle at New Orleans) to trek into Florida to capture slaves and to punish the IndiansJohn Quincy Adams issued the____________________________________________(1819)End result: America paid ____________________________________________America: gives up claims in ____________Spain: gives up claims in ______________ (Southern border was set at __________)

Adams-Onis treaty / Spanish Cession (1819)

(1) Kick Spain out of Florida(2) Kick Spain out of Oregon (shadowy forts/claims)(3) America gives up claims in Texas (shadowy forts/claims)(4) Creates the 42 line (border between Spain and America)Why would Spain give up on Florida?_____________________________!________________ (1816)__________________ (1817)___________________(1818)All 3 concerned Spain to strip troopsaway from Florida to focus on SouthAmerica.

Napoleonic Wars in EuropeNapoleonic Wars – not successful in overall goalEuropean response: Steps were taken to _________________________American response: worried! Europe may attack the Americas to reclaim lost colonies due to war, purchase or treaty.

International response: ____________________________________________________________________________________1821 – Russian tsar expressed interests all the way down to _____________

SIGNIFICANT TURNING POINT: _____________(British foreign minister) tells an American foreign minister in London they should both work together to ____________________________________________________________!

Problems:1. ___________________________2. No actual plan to ___________________________________3. ___________________(our Westward movement in our own country)4. __________________________

______________________________________

Intended for _____________ and their push through Alaska down the West coast of America

___________________________________________________________________Colonization and “reclaims” are seen as a “threat” or “act of aggression” toward President Monroe and to the Americas.

POSITIVE EFFECT: _______________________NEGATIVE EFFECTS: _______________________________________LONG TERM GOAL: _____________________________________________________

____________________& the End of the Era of Good Feelings

- Through the Monroe Doctrine, a declaration to the Russian Tsar to stop anymore Russian expansion down to Oregon.

- Borderline: _______(_________________________________)Later: an argument in the platform of James K. Polk for expansion arguments/claims.

End of Era of Good Feelings_______________(1824)Political issues between (1) ______________and (2) __________________Jackson creates his own Democratic Party