chapter 11 workbook -...
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Chapter 11 Workbook
1. True/False – Plant Health Care and Integrated Pest Management are essentially the same thing.
TheprimaryfocusofPlantHealthCareisonthesubjectplantwhile,historically,IntegratedPestManagementfocusedonthepestandanemphasisonchemicaluse.
Chapter 11 Workbook
2. Plant resources, produced through photosynthesis, are allocated among four primary functions: a. b. c. d.
Growth
Maintenance(reproduction)
Storage
Defense
Chapter 11 Workbook
3. ______can be described as any factor that limits a plant’s ability to acquire sufficient light, water, or essential minerals.
Stress
Chapter 11 Workbook
4. The ________ and ______ in tree cells are indigestible to many insects and other animals, and even to some pathogens.
celluloselignin
Chapter 11 Workbook
5. Trees produce ____________ such as tannins and phenols that have toxic or deterrent effects on certain insects.
allelochemicals
Chapter 11 Workbook
6. True/False – Researchers have observed that rapidly growing trees are sometimes less resistant to certain insects and diseases.
Chapter 11 Workbook
7. _________is the process of observing, identifying, recording, and analyzing what happens with plants in the landscape.
Monitoring
Chapter 11 Workbook
8. The process of gathering information, assessing the severity and implications of the problem, determining client expectations, and deciding on a course of action is called the _______________________ appropriateresponseprocess
Chapter 11 Workbook
9. _________ ____ __________ is a systematic approach to insect and disease management that incorporates a combination of techniques including resistant plants as well as cultural, biological, and chemical control tactics.
IntegratedPestManagement
Chapter 11 Workbook
10. True/False – A simple degree-day model uses an established threshold temperature and the daily average temperatures to predict pest development stages.
Chapter 11 Workbook
11. When possible, arborists should select trees that are _________ to known insects or diseases.
resistant
Chapter 11 Workbook
12. _____ ______ are organisms that are frequently encountered in landscapes, predictably cause injury to landscape plants, and may include particularly noxious pests in the area.
Keypests
Chapter 11 Workbook
13. Extensive plantings of the same species, known as ____________, can have catastrophic consequences if an uncontrollable problem is introduced.
monocultures
TheoveruseofAmericanelmandasharetwoexamplesofthedisastrousaffectsofoverplantingalimitedrangeofspecies.
Chapter 11 Workbook
14. PHC practitioners must choose from three pest management goals: _________, __________, and __________. preventioneradicationsuppression
Chapter 11 Workbook
15. True/False – Pesticides, often kill the targeted pest within minutes or hours of application, whereas biological control can take days or weeks to suppress a pest population.
Chapter 11 Workbook
16. ________ pesticides are taken up by the plant and translocated throughout the branches and into the leaves.
Systemic
17. _____ _________ occurs when the pest population rapidly rebounds in the absence of natural enemies, which are slower to repopulate than the pest.
Pestresurgence
Chapter 11 Workbook
18. True/False – The use of multiple pesticides with different active ingredients or modes of action in a rotation system will increase the incidence of pesticide resistance.
Chapter 11 Workbook
19. True/False – Insecticidal soaps disrupt the cell membranes of soft-bodied insects and are effective on some scales, aphids, mealy bugs, and spider mites.
Chapter 11 Workbook
20. True/False – Horticultural oil applications are always safe to use on trees in leaf because they have no phytotoxic properties.
Chapter 11 Workbook
21. ______ ______ _________ are synthetic compounds that act like insect hormones. Insectgrowthregulators
Chapter 11 Workbook
22. ________ ________ are derived from certain bacterial pathogens of insects. Microbialpesticides
Chapter 11 Workbook
23. Products that contain _______ _________ (Bt) are examples of microbial pesticides that utilize insect pathogens or lethal microbial byproducts derived from extracts of bacterial pathogens of insects.
Bacillusthuringiensis
Chapter 11 Workbook
24. The biological control strategy is based on the concept that many insect pests live in a natural, dynamic balance with _______, ________, and _________ that control pest populations.
predatorsparasitespathogens
Chapter 11 Workbook
25. True/False – PHC practitioners should identify short- and/or long-term stress factors and remediate them using appropriate management techniques.
Chapter 11 Workbook