chapter 11© 2007 rolling hills publishing 1 auto upkeep basic car care, maintenance, and repair (2...

Chapter 11 © 2007 Rolling Hills Publishing www.AutoUpkeep.com

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Auto UpkeepBasic Car Care, Maintenance, and Repair (2nd Edition)

Chapter 11Fuel System


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Fuel for Thought

• How are gasoline and diesel produced?

• What is the purpose of the fuel system?

• How are gasoline prices determined?


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Objectives

• Upon completion of this chapter and activities, you will be able to:– Explain the purpose of the fuel system.– Describe the parts of the fuel system.– Remove and replace an air filter.– Remove and replace a fuel filter.– State gasoline and diesel properties.– Identify ways to improve fuel economy.– Explain how fuel is priced.


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Fuel System Purpose

• Fuel is added to the tank.• Fuel is transported (pumped) to the engine.• The carburetor or injection system is used to mix

the gas with the air.• Ideal mixture – 14.7 parts of air to 1 part of fuel.• Summed up – the purpose of the fuel system is

to store, transfer, and then mix the fuel with air.


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Fuel System Components

• Fuel (gas) cap– Keeps the fuel from

spilling– Keeps foreign objects

from entering– Releases the vacuum

as fuel is drawn into the engine

– Prevents fuel spray when opening


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• Fuel (gas) tank– Stores fuel

(chemical energy)


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• Fuel pump– Mechanical or electric

• Supplies the engine with fuel


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• Fuel lines– Steel or rubber

• Carry the fuel


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• Fuel filter– Cleans the fuel


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• Fuel injectors– Throttle body or port

• Carburetor– Used on older cars


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• PCV– Positive Crankcase

Ventilation• Reduces vehicle

emissions

• Increases fuel economy

• Recirculates excess gas

• Decreases oil contaminants

• Reduces air pressure within the engine


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• CCV filter– Crankcase ventilation – Cleans the air going into the engine’s crankcase


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• Air filter– Cleans the air being drawn into the engine– A dirty air filter can “choke out” the engine


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• Mass Airflow Sensor– Measures the volume (quantity) and mass

(density) of the air entering the engine.

• Powertrain Control Module– Processes information from sensors to control

the amount of fuel being injected into the cylinders.


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Crude Oil Distillation


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Gasoline Properties

• Octane– Resistance to

detonation.– Common

• 87, 89, 93


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Gasoline Properties

• Knocking

• Additives

• Oxygenates


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Diesel Properties

• Cetane number– 40 to 50 are common

• Grades– No. 1 – cold weather/No. 2 warm weather

• Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel– Contains a maximum of 15 ppm of sulfur


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Refueling

• Check your owner’s manual to make sure you put in the correct type and grade.

• Most gasoline engines can run on 87 octane, however some require premium fuel.


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Improving Fuel Economy


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Improving Fuel Economy

• Checking tire pressure• Tuning-up the engine• Checking the wheel alignment• Changing the oil when required• Limiting A/C use• Eliminating brake drag• Avoiding excessive idling• Combining trips• Moderating speed• Checking the cooling system• Removing excess weight and accessories


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Cylinder Deactivation

• Engine control systems to shut off the air-fuel mixture to half of the cylinders.– Also known as displacement on demand,

variable displacement, multiple displacement system, or active fuel management technology.


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Fuel Prices


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Summary

• Put in the type of fuel that is recommended by the manufacturer.

• The purpose of the fuel system is to store, transfer, and then mix the fuel with air.

• Gasoline engines are spark ignition.

• Diesel engines are compression ignition.

• Increase fuel economy can save you money.

chapter 11© 2007 rolling hills publishing 1 auto upkeep basic car care, maintenance, and repair (2...

Documents

fuel slide

fuel system purpose

fuel system slide

fuel economy

fuel spray

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injection system