Chapter Chapter 1010

Chapter Chapter 1010

Page 252Page 252

Vocabulary• political party is a group of citizens

with similar views on public issues that work together.

• nominate means to select.• candidate is the person running

for government office.

Role of Political Parties• Convince voters to elect

candidates.• Political spectrum means the

difference in political views.• Liberal vs. Conservative

Liberal or Conservative?

Liberal or Conservative?

2 parties• Liberals are usually Democrats, desire

the federal government to play a strong role in providing social programs

• Conservatives are usually Republicans and favor a smaller federal government and programs should be run by the states.

•Do you have to pick one party to belong to?

Answer:

NO

Advantages of 2 Party System

• Both parties have about equal power

• Parties tend to represent what the majority wants

• **what does majority mean?????

Multiparty System• More than 2 strong political parties• Often parties in a multiparty

system will compromise and work together.

• Coalition is an agreement between two or more political parties to work together.

One Party System• Voters have no choice

• ***Where would this happen? What would this government be called?

Third Parties• Smaller parties that represent a

portion of the population.• These parties DO have influence

on the major parties

Third Party Candidates• Theodore Roosevelt in 1912 started

his own party called the Progressive Party, lost election but the major party took many of his party’s ideas.

• Ross Perot ran in 1992 as an Independent, lost but had effect on the election.

Populist Party 1800s• One of the most effective third

parties.• Favored 8 hour work day, new tax

ideas, immigration reform, and election of Senators by the people.

Review:• What are the 2 major U.S. political

Parties?• What is a coalition?• What are third parties?• How many parties can we have in

America?

Review:

• What does multiparty system mean?

• What type of government has a 1 party system?

• What was the most successful third party in the 1800s?

Chapter 10 Section 2

•Page 255

Party Organization• Parties must be well organized• Must raise $$$$$$$• Help get candidate elected

Party Committees • A. National Committees

– Largest– Members may be elected or chosen

by state committee– Chooses Presidential and VP

candidates

State Committees• Every state has a committee• Raises $$$$$$$• Committee chairperson is a key

member in state

????????????????• Who was the Democratic Party

chairperson in Arkansas that was murdered earlier this year?

Bill Gwatney

Local Committees• Important Part• For elections all areas, counties,

cities, wards are divided into precincts = voting districts

• Polling place = where people go to vote

Precinct Leaders• Precinct leaders give out

information about the election and encourage people to vote, they have many volunteers that assist them.

$$$Financing $$$Federal Elections Campaign Act and

the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act:

Set guidelines for money received from individuals and groups, the law is enforced by the Federal Election Commission

Private $• Must report EVERY person that

donates $200 or more• Limit is $2,100 for primary and

$2,100 for general election• What about advertisements????

Public $• Presidential election campaign fund• Money from taxpayers• Candidates must raise $5,000 in 20

states than can receive matching funds

• If you use public funds you cannot use private $

Review ??s• What Party committee is the

largest?• What are voting district?• Where do people go to vote?

Review ????s• Who is in charge of the voting

precinct?• What is the limit on individual

contributions to candidates?• True or False: If a candidate takes

public funds he/she can also take private funds?

Chapter 10 Section 3

•Page 259

Voters• 18 years old• Proof of age and residence• Cannot vote if felon, legal

resident, or illegal alien

Vocabulary• Independent voter: not a member of

any party• Primary elections: held in states to

choose a party’s candidate.• General election: where leaders are

elected• Runoff: When no candidate receives

the majority of the votes, the two leading candidates run against each other.

Vocabulary Cont• Closed primary: can only vote if

registered with the party• Open primary: can vote no matter

what party you are registered with• Secret ballot: no one knows who

you vote for

Question:

• Why is a secret ballot important????

Answer

• Allows people to vote for who they really want without fear of retribution.

• What is retribution???????

Question:

• Where did the secret ballot come from?

Answer

•Australia

Electing a President• Primary: Each state chooses

candidate• Grassroots effort: local people

encouraging people to vote for their candidate.

• What is a caucus??????• What is Super Tuesday????

Electing a Pres. Cont

• Convention: Put on by national committee, is where President and VP is nominated

• General Election: voters choose between all candidates. When is it this year????

Voting• Voice voting• Secret ballot

Voting Today• Voting machines• Polling places usually open early

and stay open late so all people can vote

• Citizens should be informed voters

Voting Today cont• Straight ticket: when the voters

votes for everyone from their party

• Split ticket: when voter votes for people from different parties

Review Questions• How old do you have to be to

vote?• What are some reasons people

cannot vote?• What is held in each state to

choose a candidate?

Review Questions• Where is the secret ballot from?• What is the difference between a

closed and opened primary?• What is voice voting?

Review Questions• How do polling places help voters?• What is a duty of a voter?• What is the difference between

straight and split ticket?

Chapter 10 Sec 4

•Page 263

Vocabulary• Popular vote: total number of all

votes• Elector: person chosen from each

state to select the president.• Electoral college: group of all

electors, different number for each state.

Vocabulary cont• Electoral votes: votes cast by electors, there

are 538 electoral votes• National nominating convention: where the

presidential candidates are officially chosen. Held during the summer of the election year.

• ???? How many electoral votes does Arkansas have?

Answer:

•6•The number of electors

from each state equals the number of Congress members: AR has 4 U.S. Legislators and 2 Senators.

Electoral Map

To Become President:• President needs 270 electoral

votes

• ????what states would be the most important to win?

Answer:• States with a high electoral votes: California, Texas, Ohio, New York,

Florida

Electoral Votes

• All the states matter, even states with small electoral votes.

• ???What states have the smallest amount of electoral votes?

What if??

• What if neither John McCain or Barack Obama get 270 electoral votes?

Who decides• If neither McCain or Obama get

270 electoral votes then the House of Representatives chooses from the 3 leading candidates.

• This has happened twice in U.S. history.

Question

• Can you become President even if you do not have the majority of the popular vote?????

Answer

• Yes, it is not about popular vote but electoral votes

Party Ideas and Debates:

• Platform: statement of the party’s views and policies about important issues

• Plank: part of – the platform

Debates• Debates are held between the

presidential and vice presidential candidates, so voters can get to know the candidates better and be informed voters.

Are Looks Important

• How a candidate looks, sounds, and presents themselves DOES impact the voter’s opinions of the candidate

TV versus Radio

• Nixon and Kennedy p. 265

Review Questions: