chapter 1 introduction to plant biology
DESCRIPTION
Objective #1 Explain the ecological role of plants with regard to the atmosphere, energy flow, and the structural components of life.TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 1 Introduction to Plant Biology
Botany Chapter 1 Introduction to Plant Biology Objective #1 Explain
the ecological role of plants withregard to the atmosphere, energy
flow, and thestructural components of life. Objective #2 List and
describe several ways in which plantshave contributed to the
evolution of humancivilization Objective #3 Explain several ways
modern human society depends upon plants.Include examples of how
biotechnology can be used to enhance the benefit of plants to
humanity https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfeTtsaZ0pQ Objective #4
Describe the distinguishing features of thekingdom Plantae
Objective #5 Categorize the major plant taxa, giving
examples.
Distinguishbryophytes fromthe vascularplants Distinguishbetween
seedplants andseedless vascularplants Distinguishbetweenflowering
andnonfloweringvascular plants And now, some video. _XJW0I Algae
Plantlike (autotrophic) protists Unicellular or Colonial
Aquatic (live in water) The Chlorophytes (green algae) appear to be
ancestral to the plants Terrestrial (Land) Plants
The move from aquatic habitat to landcreates a number of problems:
Protection against drying Transport of sperm to egg Structural
support Plants that have specialized adaptations tosolve these
problems can live in drierenvironments, while those that do not
arerestricted to moist environments Protection against drying
Water loss inplants is calledTranspiration Terrestrial plantsare
protectedagainsttranspiration by: Epidermis Waxy cuticle Stomata
Transport of sperm to egg
Algae and aquatic plants, since they live inwater, have a natural
unbroken waterpathway for sperm to swim to the egg Seedless plants
can only reproducesexually under moist conditions.Thegametophyte is
low to the ground andonly grows in moist habitats Seed plants are
less restricted becausethey provide an internal water pathway ina
specialized pollen tube Structural Support Algae and aquatic plants
are supported bythe buoyancy of the water they live in. Bryophytes,
which lack strong supportivetissues, are very small and low to the
ground Tracheophytes, supported by a series ofhollow tubes with
thickened cell walls, cangrow much taller Bryophytes Lack vascular
tissue Reproduce with spores Mosses
Liverworts Tracheophytes Vascular plants
Vascular tissue provides advantages Efficient transport of water
and nutrients Structural support Vascular Seedless Plants
Ferns and Horsetails Have vascular tissue Reproduce with Spores
Seed Plants Seeds provide many advantages over spores Stored
food
Protection Mechanisms for dispersal Flowering Plants Apple seeds
Conifers Pine seeds Gymnosperms (Conifers)
Vascular, seedproducing plants naked seed seedsare not
completelyenclosed by theripened ovary Generally haveneedle-like
(pines) orscale-like (cedars)leaves Angiosperms (Flowering
Plants)
Vascular seed plants Have a wide varietyof adaptations
fortransferring pollen Seeds mature insideof the ripened ovaryof
the flower, formingfruit whichprotects, nourishes,and aids
dispersal ofthe seeds Objective #6 Identify severalsubdisciplines
withinthe field of botany Systematics Classification andTaxonomy
Physiology Function Anatomy Structure Morphology Life Cycles
Ecology Interactions Genetics Heredity Vocabulary List Alkaloids
Primary producer Autotroph Heterotroph
Eukaryote Prokaryote Indeterminategrowth Determinate growth
Bryophyte Vascular tissue Seed Gymnosperm Angiosperm