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Chapter 6
Chapter 61
Mobile, Wireless and Pervasive Computing
Need for Mobile Computing-1
Chapter 62
To make computer small enough so that they can be easily carried around.Laptop computers were invented.PDAs and other handheld devices.Much lighter and more powerful in
processing speed and storage.
Need for Mobile Computing-2
Chapter 63
To replace wires with wireless communication media.Wireless systems used in radio, TV and
telephones led to adaption of WCM to the computing environment
Need for Mobile Computing-3
Chapter 64
To use mobile devices in a wireless environment.Wireless mobile computing: enables
combination of a real-time connection between a mobile device and other computing environments such as Internet and intranet.
-cont…
Chapter 65
Used in education, health care, entertainment, security.
Available anywhere, anytime.
Driving factors for Mobile computing : Intel Centrino Chip-2003
Chapter 66
Standard feature in most laptop.Capabilities:
A connection device to a wireless LANLow usage of electricity, enabling users to do
more work on a single battery chargeA high level of security
Driving factors for Mobile computing :3G and 4G
Chapter 67
Introduction of 3rd generation and 4th generation wireless environments.
Adoption of a Wi-fi as a wireless LAN
Mobile Commerce
Chapter 68
The impact of mobile computing on human lives is very significant.
It also has its impact occurring in the way of conducting the business.
This impact is described as mobile commerce (also known as m-commerce and m-business),
M-commerce/business
Chapter 69
M-commerce/business is basically any e-commerce or e-business done in a wireless environment, especially via the Internet.
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Chapter 610
m-commerce can be done via the Internet, private communication lines, smart cards, or other infrastructures
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Chapter 611
M-commerce is a variation on existing Internet services;
it is a natural extension of e-business.Mobile devices create an opportunity to
deliver new services to existing customers and to attract new ones
Mobile Computing Basic Terminology
Chapter 612
Global positioning system (GPS). A satellite-based tracking system that
enables the determination of a GPS device’s location.
Mobile Computing Basic Terminology
Chapter 613
Personal digital assistant (PDA). A small portable computer, such as the
family of Palm handhelds and the Pocket PC devices from companies like HP.
Mobile Computing Basic Terminology
Chapter 614
Short Message Service (SMS)A technology, in existence since 1991, that
allows for the sending of short text messages.
SMS messages can be sent or received concurrently, even during a voice or data call.
Used by hundreds of millions of users, SMS is known as the e-mail of m-commerce.
Mobile Computing Basic Terminology
Chapter 615
Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS).An extension of SMS that is capable of
simple animation, tiny pictures, and short melodies.
Mobile Computing Basic Terminology
Chapter 616
Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS).The next generation of wireless
messaging, this technology will be able to deliver rich media.
Mobile Computing Basic Terminology
Chapter 617
Bluetooth. A chip technology wireless standard
designed for temporary, short-range connection (data and voice) among mobile devices and/or other devices
Mobile Computing Basic Terminology
Chapter 618
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP).A technology that offers Internet
browsing from wireless devices
Mobile Computing Basic Terminology
Chapter 6 19
SmartphonesInternet-enabled cell phones that can
support mobile applications.These “phones with a brain” are becoming
standard devices. They include WAP microprocessors for
Internet access and the capabilities of PDAs as well.
Mobile Computing Basic Terminology
Chapter 620
Wi-Fi (short for wireless fidelity)Refers to a standard 802.11b on which
most of the wireless local area networks (WLANs) run.
Mobile Computing Basic Terminology
Chapter 621
WLAN (wireless local area network)A broad term for all 802.11 standards.Basically, it is a wireless version of the
Ethernet networking standard.
Attributes and Drivers of MobileComputing
Chapter 622
Mobility Broad reach
Mobility
Chapter 623
Mobile computing and m-commerce are based on the fact that users carry a mobile device everywhere they go.Mobility implies portability.Users can initiate a real-time contact with
other systems from wherever they happen to be if they can connect to a wireless network.
Broad Reach
Chapter 624
In mobile computing, people can be reached at any time.Of course, users can block certain hours or
certain messages, but when users carry an open mobile device, they can be reached instantly.
Value-added attributes
Chapter 625
attributes that drive the development of m-commerce: ubiquity, convenience, instant connectivity, personalization, and localization of products and services
Drivers Of Mobile Computing And M-commerce
Chapter 626
Widespread Availability of Mobile DevicesNo Need for a PCThe Handset CultureVendors’ PushDeclining Prices and Increased
FunctionalitiesImprovement of Bandwidth
M-Commerce Value Chain andRevenue Models
Chapter 627
m-commerce is a complex process involving a number of operations and a number of players (customers, merchants, mobile operators, and the like)
Mobile Computing – Value Chain
Link Function Provider
Transport Maintenance and operation of the infrastructure supporting data communication between mobile users and application providers
Technology platform vendors
Enabling services
Server hosting, data backup, and system integration
Infrastructure equipment vendors
Transaction support
Mechanisms for assisting with transactions, security, and billing
Application platform vendor
Presentation services
Conversion of content of Internet-based applications to applications suitable for mobile devices
Application developer
Chapter 628
Mobile Computing – Value Chain
Chapter 629
Link Function Provider
Personalization support
Gathering of users’ preferences, information, and devices in order to provide individualized applications
Content developer
User applications
General and specialized applications for mobile users
Mobile service provider
Content aggregators
Design and operation of portals that offer categorized information and search facilities
Mobile portal provider
WLAN
Chapter 630
A wireless LAN (WLAN) is like a wired LAN without the cables.
WLANs transmit and receive data over the airwaves.
Wi-fi
Chapter 631
a transmitter with an antenna, called a wireless access point, connects to a wired LAN from a fixed location or to satellite dishes that provide an Internet connection.
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Chapter 632
A wireless access point provides service to a number of users within a small geographical perimeter (up to a couple hundred feet), known as a “hot spot” or hotspot zone.
Chapter 633
Several wireless access points are needed to support larger numbers of users across a larger geographical area.
End users can access a WLAN with their laptops, desktops, or PDAs by adding a wireless network card.
Wireless Personal Area Networks (Wpans)
Chapter 634
A wireless personal area network (WPAN) is a kind of WLAN that people have at their home offices.
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Chapter 635
With 6.2 MOBILE COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE 249 Wireless Local Area Networks and Wi-Fi such a network, one can connect PCs, PDAs, mobile phones,
and digital music players that detect each other and can interact
Problems with Wi-Fi
Chapter 636
Roaming – users cannot roam from hotspot to hotspot if the hotspots use different Wi-Fi network services
Security – because Wi-Fi uses radio waves, it is difficult to protect
Cost – commercial Wi-Fi services are low cost but not free and each service has its own fees and separate accounts for users to logon
Mobile Computing Infrastructure – WWAN’s
Chapter 637
Mobile Computing – L-Commerce Applications
Chapter 638
Landscape of Mobile Computing
Chapter 639