CH0204 Organic Chemical Technology

 Chapter  3a  Plas-cs  

Balasubramanian  S    Assistant  Professor  (OG)  Department  of  Chemical  Engineering      

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Chapter  3  Plas-cs  

       Resins    

       Produc-on  of  Phenolic  and  Epoxy  resins    

       Polymers  and  their  Engineering  Proper-es    

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Overview of topics

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Resin   is   also   hydrocarbon   secre-on   of   many   plants,   par-cularly  coniferous   trees.   It   is   valued   for   its   chemical   proper-es   and   associated  uses,   such   as   the   produc-on   of   varnishes,   adhesives,   and   food   glazing  agents;  as  an  important  source  of  raw  materials  for  organic  synthesis.  

Resins  

On  the  basis  of  deriva-on,  plas-cs  can  also  be  grouped  as    

1.  Natural  resins  

2.  Synthe-c  resins    

3.  Cellulose  deriva-ves  

4.  Protein  products      

Resins

hOp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resin  

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Phenolic Resin

Steam    Water    

Phenol  

Formaldehyde    

Sulfuric  acid  

Phenol-­‐Cresol  

Process  

Ac-vators  Dyes    

Phenolic  Resins    

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Phenolic Resins Production

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Phenolic  resins      1.  Packing  films  and  sheets  2.  Containers  3. Wire  cable  insula-on  4.  Pipes  5.  Coa-ngs,  molds,  and  toys  etc.,  

Uses of phenolic resins

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Phenolic resin (Phenol formaldehyde)

Process  Formaldehyde  Water    

Solvents    

Catalyst  Modifiers    

Phenol-­‐Cresol  

Plas-cizers    and  fillers  Hexamethylene    tetramine    

Phenol  Formaldehyde  

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Phenol formaldehyde

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The  most  common  epoxy  resin  is  formed  by  the  reac-on  of  Bisphenol  A  with  epichlorohydrin  .    Bisphenol  A  is  made  from  phenol  and  acetone.  

Epoxy resins

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Epoxy resins Bisphenol  A  +  Epichlorohydrin    Epoxide  groups  or  polymer    

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Resin Properties and its Applications

Resin  Types     Proper0es     Applica0ons    

Epoxies    

Excellent  chemical  Resistance,  good  electrical  and  thermal  proper-es  adhesion  proper-es,  strong  and  tough  with  low  shrinkage  

Laminates,  Adhesives,  Floorings  and  linings    

Phenolics  Good  strength,  heat  stability,  and  impact  resistance,  high  resistance  to  moisture  penetra-on  and  chemical  corrosion  

Electrical  components,  structural  boards,  Laminates,  glues,  and  adhesives  

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Polymers in engineering applications Engineering   plas-cs   are   high-­‐strength;   high   performance  materials   that  can  be  subs-tuted  for  many  metal  uses.        There  are  wide  variety  of  engineering  plas-cs  available.  Each  one  has  its  own  special  proper-es,  and  thus  care  must  be  taken  in  choosing  a  resin  of  par-cular  use.      These   materials   are   oben   the   usual   plas-cs   but   have   been   carefully  manufactured   to  posses  extra  quality  proper-es.  These  materials   shows  beOer  resistance  towards  wear  impact  and  corrosive  chemicals  and  have  excellent  electrical  proper-es.    Some   of   the   uses   of   engineering   plas-cs   are   automobile   bumpers   and  dash   boards,   pumps,   valves   and   gears,   drive   shabs   and   transmission   in  heavy  duty  equipment.    

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1.   Dryden  C.  E,  Outlines  of  Chemical  technology  –  for  the  21st  Century,  3rd  edi-on,  East-­‐West  Press  (2004)  

2.   Aus-n  G.  T,  Shreve’s  Chemical  Process  Industries,  5th  edi-on,  Mc  Graw  Hill  Interna-onal  edi-ons  (1984)  

 3.  www.wikipedia.com    

References

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