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CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER

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Page 1: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES

PROPERTIES OF WATER

Page 2: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

Water, Water Everywhere

If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the planet is covered by water. Water makes life on Earth possible. If life as we know it exists on some other planet, water must be present to support that life.

Section 2-2

Interest Grabber

Go to Section:

Page 3: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

1. THE WATER MOLECULEH2O

NEUTRAL-10 P & 10E

BENT SHAPE P. 40

Page 4: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

2. WATER IS A POLAR MOLECULE

O-SLIGHT NEG. CHARGEH-SLIGHT POS. CHARGEMOLECULES IN WHICH THE

CHARGES ARE UNEVENLY DISTRIBUTED

LIKE A MAGNET W/ POLES---=_____ & += BETWEEN_____

Page 5: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

3. HYDROGEN BONDS--------

NOT AS STRONG AS IONIC OR COVALENT(STRONGEST)

POLAR MOLECULES ATTRACT EACH OTHER—BECAUSE PARTIAL + / -

Page 6: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

4. PROPERTIES OF WATER

A. SINGLE MOLECULE MAY HAVE 4 H-BONDS AT THE SAME TIME

B. COHESION-ATTRACTION BETWEEN MOLECULES OF THE SAME SUBSTANCE

EX. WATER BEADS

Page 7: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

C. ADHESION

ATTRACTION BETWEEN MOLECULES OF DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES

EX: READING A GRAD. CYL.; CAPILLARY ACTION IN PLANTS

ADHESION BETWEEN WATER & GLASS IS STRONGER THAN WATER VS. WATER

Page 8: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

D. MIXTURE

2 OR MORE ELEMENTS OR COMPOUNDS THAT ARE PHYSICALLY MIXED

EX: SALT/PEP. STIRREDEARTH’S ATMOSPHERE

Page 9: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

E. 2 TYPES OF MIXTURES WITH WATER

1. SOLUTIONS-all the compounds are evenly distributed throughout

a. solute-substance dissolved (salt)b. solvent-substance in which the

solute is dissolved (water)

Page 10: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

Cl-

Water

Cl-

Na+

Water

Na+

Section 2-2

Figure 2-9 NaCI Solution

Go to Section:

Page 11: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

Section 2-2

Figure 2-9 NaCI Solution

Go to Section:

Cl-

Water

Cl-

Na+

Water

Na+

Page 12: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

2. SUSPENSIONS

Water & nondissolved material; when some materials do not dissolve

Ex. Blood & components

Page 13: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

DOUBLE ARROW MEANS…..

THE REACTION CAN OCCUR IN BOTH DIRECTIONS

ARROW MEANS “FORMS” OR “PRODUCES”

Page 14: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

CHEMICAL EQUATION

H2O H+ + OH—

REACTANTS PRODUCTSBEFORE AFTER

Page 15: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

Oven cleaner

Bleach

Ammonia solution

Soap

Sea water

Human bloodPure waterMilkNormalrainfall

Acid rainTomatojuice

Lemon juice

Stomach acid

NeutralIn

crea

sing

ly B

asic

Incr

easi

ngly

Aci

dic

Section 2-2

pH Scale

Go to Section:

Page 16: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

1. What is pH used for?

To determine acids, bases and neutral substances

Page 17: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

2. What does the pH value 7 mean?

There is an equal number of H+ ions and OH- ions. Example: pure water; neutral

Page 18: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

3. Substances with a pH value above 7 are considered bases.

Under 7 are considered acids

Page 19: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

4. What is the purpose for using a known base, a known acid, and distilled water?

The control part of the lab. To make sure the pH paper is working properly.

Page 20: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

5. ACIDS, BASES AND pH

A water molecule can react to form ions.

H2O H+ + OH—

Water forms

hydrogen +hydroxideion ion

Page 21: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

6. pH Scale= Potential or Power of Hydrogen

Indicates the concentration of H+ ions in a solution

Ranges from 0-14pH 7= H+ and OH- are

equal------pure water=7 NEUTRAL

Page 22: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

7. Acidic-any compound that forms H+ ions in solution

pH below 7, more H+ ions than OH- ions

The lower the pH the greater the acidity

Ex: HCl-hydrochloric acidIn your stomach=______

Page 23: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

8. Base-any compound that produces OH- ions in a solution

A.K.A= AlkalineLower concentrations of H+

ions than water, more OH- ions

pH value above 7Ex: oven cleaner=_______

Page 24: CH. 2-2 IN CLASS NOTES PROPERTIES OF WATER. Water, Water Everywhere If you have ever seen a photograph of Earth from space, you know that much of the

E. BUFFERS

WEAK ACIDS OR BASESPREVENT SHARP CHANGES IN pH

Human body cells-pH6.5-7.5-homeostasis


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