ch 11. integrated architecture for wireless myungchul kim [email protected]
TRANSCRIPT
Architectures and Integration for Wireless
•Architecture and Integration Concepts •Practical examples •An architectural vision•A framework for discussion•Mobile Application architectures and Integration•The role of Middleware and Mobile Computing Platforms•Network Architectures and Integration
Wireless Phone
Network
A Sample Architecture
Wireless
Gateway
Enterprise Application Server
DBs
Web Server
Internet Gatewayand Firewall
Public Internet
802.11 Network
Concepts• Architecture;
– Components– What do they do– How do they interface/work with each other
• Integration – Minimizes the effort needed to use
• Integrated architectures: combine the two • Major challenge: A “service” that runs seemlessly across
• cellular (1G, 2G,3G) • WLANs• Wired networks
Framework for Discussion
M-Business andMobile Applications (SMS, MMS,
Voice, M-commerce)
Wireless Communication Networks (WLANs, Cellular, WLLs, Satellites)
WirelessInfrastructure
Mobile Computing Platforms- Wireless Middleware (WAP, I-Mode, J2ME)- Mobile Platform Services (Mobile OS, Utilities)
Wireless Internet
and Mobile IP
•Network interfaces•Handoffs•Multiratecards
•Roaming Support through Mobile IP
•Shield the app. developers from the network heterogeneities
•Provide consistent user interfaces for seamless operations.
What is needed • Physical Communication Level (Layer 1 and 2)
– Multirate cards (GSM, GPRS, 802.11) in devices– Interfaces between different types of networks – Handoffs, roaming support between multiple systems
• TCP/IP– Mobile IP – TCP handoff issues
• Middleware for integration– WAP, I-mode, etc– Mobile application servers (e.g., Oracle9iAS-wireless)
• Application and user interfaces– microbrowsers, wml– backend systems
Framework for Discussing Integration
Converters (e.g. EDI to XML, WML to HTM)L)
Business Processi Modeling(e.g., Workflows)
B2B Process Modeling (e.g., ebXML, BPEL, Rosettanet)
IntegrationValue
Network Connectivity
Application Connectivity
Information Transformation
Internal Process Management
Cross-Enterprise Integration
Wireless/Wired Network Transport(GSM, 802.11, 3G, Ethernet, FDDI ATM)
eAI Layers of Integration Solution Technologies
Middleware (Mobile IP, WAP, I-mode, CORBA, Web Services)
Vertical Versus Horizontal Integrations
App1
Platform1
Network1 Integrated Physical Network
App1
Platform1
a). Total Vertical Integration b). Horizontal Integration at Network Level
App 2
Platform2
Network2
App2
Platform2
App1
Network1
c). Horizontal Integration at Platform Level
App 2
Network2
Integrated Platform + IP
Platform1
Network1
Platform2
Network2
Integrated Applications
d). Horizontal Integration at Application Level
An Architectural Vision
ContentProvider
WebContent
EnterpriseDatabases
OfficeLAN
(802.11)
HomeLAN
(802.11)
HomeLAN
(Bluetooth)
CellularCell
(GSM, GPRS)
HotspotLAN
(802.11)
ContentProvider
WebContent
EnterpriseDatabases
ContentProvider
CellularCell (3G)
Wirelessand WiredWAN
Examples
• Architectures of a service that include wired with wireless
• Custom sales management system that runs on hand-held computers by linking its applications with its back-end sales system.
• A wireless solution that wrap around existing applications (accounting, inventory management or customer service software).
• Integration of wireless with wired networks • Integration of legacy wireless (e.g. 1G with 3G)
Data Network
Voice Over IP
Wireless Phone
Network
Positional and Voice Commerce
Wireless Gateway
Computer+GPS
Wireless Phone+GPS
GIS/MapVoice
Portal
Wireless Phone
Enterprise Application Server
Partner
NetworkAPPs DBs
802.11 LAN
(office or a hotspot)
Web Server
Public
Internet
Mobile Apps App Architecture
WAPGateway
WebServer
Content(XML/HTML)
Databasesand Applications
HTML/XML
WML
VoiceXMLGateway
VoiceXML
WebGateway(CGI, Servlet,ASP,JSP)
BusinessBusinessLogic TierLogic Tier
Local (userLocal (userdependent)dependent)business logic business logic
Enterprise Enterprise businessbusinesslogic logic (business(businessComponents)Components)
Back-endDatabases
General Application Architectures
External Resources(Databases,
Applications
Resources Tier
Back-endAPPs
User (Presentation)Tier
Resource S
erver (B
ack-end Integration)
User Tier
(Front-endIntegration)
Airforce Portal
WAPGateway
WebServer
Content(XML/HTML)
Databasesand Applications
HTML/XML
WML
VoiceXMLGateway
VoiceXML
WebGateway(CGI, Servlet,ASP,JSP)
Device Tier
The Role of Wireless Middleware Hide the underlying wireless/wired issues • Transformation: Convert between two contents (HTML to WML)• Detection and adjustment: Wireless middleware products can detect
different devices and can optimize the wireless data output according to device attributes.
• Compression. Middleware products can use various data-compression algorithms to minimize the amount of data being sent over the wireless link.
• Security: Wireless middleware should ensure end-to-end security from handheld devices to application servers.
• Message delivery: Middleware can perform message storage and forwarding should the user get disconnected from the network.
• Operation support: Middleware should offer utilities and tools to allow MIS personnel to manage and troubleshoot wireless devices.
Mobile Application Servers-- Collection of Middleware Services
Mobile Devices
Wireless Network
Wireless
Network
Stack
Mobility
Middleware
Mobility Application
Back-end
Network
Stack
Middleware
for
Backend
Back-endApplicationsand DatabasesBack-end
Network
Wireless Software Development and Monitoring Control
Integrated Wireless Network Architecture
IP(Internet Protocol)
TCP(Transmission Control Protocol)
UDP(User Datagram Protocol)
Home AccessNetwork(DSL,Cable, ISDN)
Fast Packet SwitchingSystems (ATM, Frame Relay)
WirelessNetworks
(Cellular nets,wireless LANs,fixed wireless
networks)
Other Transport Protocols
Web Data Applications, Voice applications
Sonet (150 Mbps to 100 Gbps)
Fiber Facilities with WavelengthDivision Multiplexing (WDM)
Wireless gateways and protocol converters
• Example: 802.11 a and 802.11b networks in the same building. How can user be transparent ,
• if a 802.11a device needs to be handled by an 802.11b AP, then a 11a-to-11b protocol converter would be needed. It would convert frequencies, etc.
• another choice is to let the 802.11 a devices talk to 11a AP, and another one is 11b. then a multi-protocol router could handle the traffic
• yet another choice is to run ip on top of both and then ip hides the underlying differences.
Gateways (protocol converters)• Objective: convert one or more protocol to another
– Can connect two dissimilar networks together (translates one network architecture to another)
– Can cover one layer or many layers
• Examples:– Token Ring to Ethernet Protocol converters
– LAN gateway: connects a LAN to connect to host (e.g., Novell/MS Gateways to SNA)
Air ForceAir ForcePortalPortal
Directories
Firewall
HTTP
ApplicationTier
DeviceAccessTier
DeviceTier
WirelessGareway
(WebSphere)
Web Services
Business Process Execution Language (BPEL)
WSDL, UDDI, Policy, Inspection
Security, Reliable Messaging, Transaction, Coordination
SOAP (Logical Messaging), XML (Encoding), Other Services
BusinessProcesses
Description
Quality ofService
Transport andEncoding
Mobile Web Services
Third Party Services
•Mobile Network Services
•Payment Services
•Authentication Service
Security Credentials
(e.g., SIM)
Third PartyResources
Client Application
Subscriber (Service Consumer)Service Provider (Third-Party)
Mobile Network Operator
Sx
Client Platform Sx,R
Sx, Px
Sx
Sx,Px,B
Summary
•Architecture and Integration Concepts •Practical examples •An architectural vision•A framework for discussion•Mobile Application architectures and Integration•The role of Middleware and Mobile Computing Platforms•Network Architectures and Integration