Cecil TharpMSU Pesticide Education Program

Pesticide Education SpecialistDepartment of Animal and Range

Montana State University

Step 1. Select appropriate type of nozzleStep 2. Determine sprayer speedStep 3. Determine output (GPA) and droplet size from label.Step 4. Select appropriate type and sized nozzle to deliver

desired GPA from available charts or use the 5940

equation.

Solid Stream Nozzles Handgun sprayers (livestock, tree pests, crevice

treatment) Cone Nozzles

Complete penetration desired Spot sprays and some fungicides

Cluster nozzles or broadjets used either without a boom or at the end of booms Used in rough terrain. Sprays a wide swath with only a few nozzles (from 5 –

80’).

Flood nozzles are often used for applying liquid fertilizers or fertilizer-pesticide mixtures or for directing herbicide sprays up under plant canopies. 15 – 25 psi

Flat Fan Nozzles are often used for broadcast applications for herbicide, insecticide and fungicide applications. Narrow oval spray pattern. Most common. Can vary from 15 – 100 psi depending on type of flat fan.

Flat Fan Nozzles Pre 80’s Standard nozzles: 30 – 60 PSI 1980’sExtended range nozzles: 15 – 60 PSI

Extended Range Nozzles (1980’s) Extended Range (XR ) 1st two – three numbers: Spray angles

65, 73, 80, and 110 Last two numbers: NOZZLE FLOW RATE

0.5 GPM = Nozzle labeled with 05.

What does this mean: XR8001SS?

XR8001SS XR = Extended Range80 degree spray pattern0.1 gallons per minuteStainless steel

Ex. XR8001SS 1st 2 letters are the acronym for type of nozzle

(Extended Range Flat Fan) Last 2 numbers are always GPM = .1 GPM Numbers remaining determine the width of your

spray from each nozzle: 80 degrees / determines height of your sprayer

Last 2 letters are always material. = Stainless Steel

Nozzle Material Nozzle LifeBrass (B) PoorNylon FairStainless Steel (S) GoodPlastic GoodHardened Stainless Steel Excellent

Nozzle Material Nozzle LifeBrass (B) Poor (inexpensive)Nylon FairStainless Steel (S) GoodPlastic Fair (breaks down to solvents)Hardened Stainless Steel Excellent

Surveys indicate 71% of MT certified private applicators have sprayed when they knew it was too windy.

Surveys indicate 33% of MT certified private applicators caused spray drift damage to adjacent crops.

Turbo Teejet Nozzle (TT): Flat Fan type/15 – 90 psi Pressure reducing turbulence chamber. Reduce spray drift by 50% compared to XR

Hypro Guardian Nozzle: Flood type/15 – 115psi Pressure reducing turbulence chamber. Excellent choice for rate controllers (var. pressure) Medium to coarse droplets Reduce spray drift by 50% compared to XR

Flat fan nozzle Internal orifice that regulates flow. Air is mixed with spray solution

Larger droplets Droplets shatter on impact increasing coverage

Venturi Design I: mid 90’s High Pressure AI models (40 – 110 psi)

Venturi Design II: 2000 – 2005 Low Pressure AI models (20 – 70 psi)

Figure obtained from Dr. Bob Wolf (KSU).

Studies and Figure by Dr. Bob Wolf, Kansas State University.

Research conducted by Dr. Bob Wolf (Kansas State University)

XR Chamber Designs: ex.

Turbo Teejet AI nozzle

http://web.extension.illinois.edu/psep/videos/

Make a test strip to verify MPH Distance (feet) x 60

Time (seconds) x 88

It takes 1 minute to travel 88 feet

88’ x 60 / 60 seconds x 88 = 1MPH

How many mph does that equal?

1 MPH

Your product label often describes the proper GPA (gallons per acre) for your sprayer. example. 20 GPA is recommended

Plug in desired field speed. Use the 5940 METHOD to find nozzle size

GPM = GPA * W * MPH / 5940 Let’s say you need to spray 20

GPA, you have 30” spaced nozzles, and you will drive 5 mph.

GPM = 20 GPA * 30” * 5mph / 5940

0.505 or 0.5 GPM nozzles neededPurchase nozzles rated at 0.5 GPM!

Check your pesticide product label or use droplet size according to general guidelines.

If we are driving 5mph and a desired GPA is 10.

You wish to deliver medium droplets

You have an applicator who wishes to apply a contact insecticide to manage grasshoppers. The product label requires fine droplets at 20 GPA. He will be traveling at 5 mph.

# 1 What nozzle would you recommend?Extended Range Nozzle: XR11003 at 50 psi

#2 If the label required coarse droplets and you had a sensitive crop nearby. What nozzle would you recommend?

Extended Range Nozzle: XR8005 at 20psiTurbo Teejet Nozzle: TT11004 at 30psi*Air Induction Teejet: AI11025 at 80psi

An applicator who wishes to control noxious weeds is using a pesticide labeled for extremely coarse droplets at an output of 40 gallons per acre. He is flexible with field speed. #3 What nozzle and mesh screen would you recommend and at what speed and pressure?

Air Induction Teejet: AI11006 at 30PSI and 4 mph (50 mesh)?Air Induction Teejet: AI11008 at 40PSI and 6 mph (50 mesh)Turbo Teejet: TT11008 between 4 and 5 mph at 20 psi (50 mesh)

An applicator is using air induction nozzles and is complaining about the efficacy of the product he is using. He is using AI11004 at 40 psi to achieve an output of 30 GPA.

#1 What would you recommend?

#1 Applicator could raise his spray pressure. 60PSI at 5 mph or 90PSI at 6 mph

#2 Applicator could change to a variety of different nozzlesexample: Turbo Tee-Jet or XR nozzles.

#3 Possibly add spray adjuvant for better coverage