cct key comparison no 1 (cct-k1): realisations of the its ... · the comparison has been...

CCT Key Comparison No 1 (CCT-K1): Realisations of the ITS-90, 0.65 K to 24.5561 K,

using rhodium-iron resistance thermometers

Final Report

by

Richard Rusby and David Head Division of Engineering and Process Control

National Physical Laboratory Teddington TW11 0LW, UK

Christopher Meyer and Wes Tew

National Institute for Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA

Osamu Tamura

National Metrology Institute of Japan, AIST Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan

Kenneth D Hill

National Research Council of Canada Ottawa, K1A 0R6, Canada

Martin de Groot, Arnold Storm and Andrea Peruzzi Nederlands Meetinstituut - Van Swinden Laboratorium

2600 AR Delft, the Netherlands

Bernd Fellmuth and Jost Engert Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt

Abbestrasse 2-12, D-10587, Berlin, Germany

Dmitri Astrov, Yuri Dedikov and Gennadi Kytin VNIIFTRI

Mendeleevo, Moscow region 141570, Russia

March 2006

1. Background In the temperature range from 0.65 K to 24.5561 K the ITS-90 is defined by specified vapour-pressure equations for 3He (0.65 K to 3.2 K) and 4He (1.25 K to 5.0 K) and interpolation equations for a constant-volume gas thermometer (ICVGT) using 3He or 4He. The definitions are given in Sections 3.1 and 3.2 of the ITS-90 text [1], and methods for realising the scale in this range are outlined in Chapters 4 and 5 of the Supplementary Information for the ITS-90 [2].

Direct realisations of the ITS-90 by these methods require relatively sophisticated apparatus and time-consuming experiments, and consequently they are rarely carried out. The situation is acceptable in practice only because rhodium-iron resistance thermometers are available which, once calibrated, are able to maintain their calibrations reliably for long periods of time. They are the practical thermometers on which realisations of the ITS-90 are most accurately maintained, disseminated and compared. CCT-K1 is therefore a comparison of calibrated rhodium-iron resistance thermometers.

The comparison has been coordinated by NPL, and participation was invited in a circular to CCT representatives in March 1997, see Appendix 1. It was a prerequisite of participation that thermometers submitted for comparison should have been calibrated in terms of an original local realisation of the ITS-90 over at least part of the range. Each laboratory was requested to send one or two thermometers to NPL for the comparison, with calibration data and information concerning the realisation. The first comparison run was carried out between July and September 1998, with 12 thermometers installed at the same time in a 3He - 4He evaporation / comparison cryostat. The second run, using the same apparatus, took place in April-May 2000.

Only two participants (NIST and NRC) submitted calibrations based on direct realisations of the ITS-90 using an interpolating constant-volume gas thermometer. Four other participants (NPL, PTB, VNIIFTRI, NMi/VSL) based their submissions on maintained gas thermometer scales. NPL and PTB found it necessary to make adjustments at the ITS-90 fixed points to ensure consistency of their realisations with the ITS-90 definition.

Calibrations based on vapour pressure realisations for 3He and/or 4He were available from NPL, NIST, NMi/VSL, NRC and NMIJ (NRLM), covering all or part of the range 0.65 K to 5.0 K. The calibrations of PTB below 4.8 K, and VNIIFTRI below 2.5 K, were derived from earlier NPL calibrations.

Thermometers from all the laboratories except VNIIFTRI were received by June 1998 and were included in the first comparison run. In one case (NRC) the comparison measurements were done in anticipation of original calibrations becoming available. The second run included thermometers from VNIIFTRI and KRISS: the results from VNIIFTRI were linked to those of Run 1 using a common NPL thermometer, but KRISS withdrew from the comparison.

A status report was disseminated to participants in January 2000. After the second run, all the data were re-processed and collated. The results and Draft A report were approved by the participants, and they are presented here as the final comparison report. The comparison has been concluded by deriving the inter-laboratory degrees of equivalence and preparing the entry for Appendix B of the BIPM Key Comparison database.

2

2. Participation. The participating laboratories are those of the authors listed. Most of the thermometers were manufactured by H Tinsley and Co Ltd, being either Type 5187U (about 50 Ω at 273 K) or Type 5187W (100 Ω at 273 K) [3]. The two thermometers from VNIIFTRI were of its own manufacture [4]. Inputs to the comparison are summarised in Table 1 and as follows:- NPL Three Type 5187W thermometers were used, Nos 221481, 221483 and 221485. They were originally calibrated in 1974-76 in terms of the NPL-75 gas thermometry from 2.6 K to 27.1 K [5], and the Tx1 CMN magnetic thermometry from 0.5 K to 3.1 K [6]. The NPL vapour pressure realisations were undertaken in 1974-78 and are taken to be equivalent to these scales over the range 1.0 K to 5.0 K. These thermometers all took part in a EUROMET comparison in 1992 [7].

Thermometer No 221481 is the principal NPL reference thermometer. It has been measured at the triple points of hydrogen and neon [7], and these measurements were used to define a quadratic function which has been added to the NPL-75 calibration to ensure consistency with the ITS-90 at the specified fixed points. The adjustment amounts to – 0.6 mK at 13.80 K and – 0.2 mK at 24.55 K. The same adjustment was applied to thermometer No 221485, used in Run 1, and thermometer No 221483, used in Run 2. The function is

(T90 – TNPL-75)/mK = 0.54635 – 0.15065 (T90/K) + 0.004897 (T90/K)2. NIST The thermometers submitted by NIST were two of Type 5187U, Nos A128 and A129. These were supplied with calibrations according to the specifications of the ITS-90 by Meyer and Reilly, using 3He vapour pressures from 0.65 K to 3.1 K, 4He vapour pressures from 1.25 K to 5 K [8], and the NIST ICVGT from 5 K to 24.5561 K [9]. The calibration data were supplied as polynomial equations for temperature T90 as functions of thermometer resistance at 0 mA. In CCT-K1 the 4He vapour pressure calibrations were used in the range 2.2 K < T90 < 5.0 K. The 3He vapour pressure calibrations were used at lower temperatures and the ICVGT calibrations at higher temperatures. PTB Two Type 5187W thermometers, Nos 229074 and 229075, were submitted. They had originally been calibrated over the full range at NPL in 1977, and No. 229075 also took part in the EUROMET comparison [7]. In the range 0.65 K to 4.8 K the PTB approximation to the ITS-90 is based on the PTB copies of the NPL scales Tx1 and NPL-75, since direct vapour-pressure realisations at PTB were still in progress (Fellmuth, private communication, July 2003). Thermometer 229075 was calibrated by Luther, Grohmann and Fellmuth [10] using a dielectric constant gas thermometer (DCGT) above 4.2 K. This calibration has been adjusted to be consistent with realisations of the triple points of hydrogen and neon, as specified in the ITS-90, and the DCGT interpolation is used as the PTB approximation to the ITS-90 in the range from 4.8 K to 25 K. Calibration data were supplied as individual points and as full-range polynomial equations. There were two equations for Thermometer 229075, using the IDCGT and the NPL scales, and one for Thermometer 229074, using the NPL scales. IDCGT (ITS-90 approximation) temperatures for 229074 were calculated by applying the same differences from the NPL-75 scale as for 229075. The polynomials express temperature as a function of resistance at specified measuring currents.

3

NM

I TH

ERM

OM

ETER

R

UN

B

ASI

S O

F C

ALI

BR

ATI

ON

IN

PUT

FOR

MA

TR

EFER

ENC

ES

NPL

2214

81

2214

85

2214

83

1 &

2

1 2

NPL

-75

with

adj

ustm

ent t

o IT

S-90

T

x1 fo

r T <

2.6

K

Equa

tions

for T

= f(

R)

at 0

.1 -

0.3

mA

5, 6

NIS

T

A12

8 A

129

1 1

ICV

GT,

5.0

K <

T <

24.

55.K

4

He

vapo

ur p

ress

ures

, 1.2

5 K

< T

< 5

.0 K

3

He

vapo

ur p

ress

ures

, 0.6

5 K

< T

< 3

.1 K

Equa

tions

for T

= f(

R) a

t 0 m

A.

3 He

and

4 He

vapo

ur p

ress

ure

calib

ratio

ns

wer

e us

ed b

elow

2.2

K, a

nd b

etw

een

2.2

K

and

5.0

K, r

espe

ctiv

ely

8, 9

2290

75

1 ID

CG

T, 4

.8 K

to 2

7.0

K

NPL

-75/

T x1 f

or fu

ll ra

nge

Equa

tion

for T

= f(

R) a

t 0.0

6 m

A

Equa

tion

for T

= f(

R) a

t 0.1

- 0.

3 m

A

10

PT

B

22

9074

1

NPL

-75/

T x1 f

or fu

ll ra

nge

con

verte

d to

IDC

GT,

for T

> 4

.8 K

Eq

uatio

n fo

r T =

f(R)

at 0

.1 -

0.3

mA

, pl

us d

iffer

ence

s abo

ve 4

.8 K

as f

or 2

2907

5

NM

i/VSL

2262

46

1

CV

GT

2.6

K <

T <

24.

55 K

3

He

and

4 He

vapo

ur p

ress

ures

, T <

4.2

K

Equa

tion

for T

= f(

R) a

t 0.3

mA

Eq

uatio

n fo

r T =

f(R)

at 0

.3 m

A

11

12 -

15

NR

C

A13

8 A

140

1 1

ICV

GT,

4.4

K <

T <

24.

55 K

4 H

e va

pour

pre

ssur

es, 2

.3 K

< T

< 4

.23

K

3 He

vapo

ur p

ress

ures

, 0.6

5 K

< T

< 2

.3 K

Equa

tions

for T

= f(

R) a

t 0 m

A

16, 1

7

NM

IJ

B

271

B31

0 1 1

4 He

vapo

ur p

ress

ures

, 2.2

5 K

< T

< 4

.25

K

Eq

uatio

ns fo

r T =

f(R)

at 0

mA

18, 1

9

VN

IIFT

RI

79

89

2 2

calib

ratio

n ag

ains

t N

atio

nal S

tand

ard,

usi

ng

CV

GT

for 2

.5 K

< T

< 2

4.55

K

and

NPL

-75/

T x1 f

or T

< 2

.5 K

Equa

tions

for T

= f(

R) a

t 0.1

- 0.

3 m

A, f

or

the

rang

e 0.

5 K

< T

< 2

7 K

20

Tabl

e 1:

Sum

mar

y of

NM

Is a

nd th

erm

omet

ers p

artic

ipat

ing

in C

CT-

K1

4

NMi/VSL One Type 5187W thermometer, No 226246, was submitted. This had originally been calibrated at NPL in 1977 and it was used in the gas thermometry of Steur [11]. Traceability to the ITS-90 between 0.65 K and 4.2 K derives from vapour-pressure measurements made with 3He and 4He, both at NMi and formerly at the Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratorium [12 - 15]. The calibration data were supplied as NMi polynomial coefficients, in ranges above and below 2.6 K, using the thermometer resistance at the measuring current of 0.3 mA. NRC Two Type 5187U thermometers, Nos A138 and A140 were submitted. These were calibrated at NRC after the comparison measurements at NPL, in direct realisations of the ITS-90 using 3He and 4He vapour pressures between 0.65 K and 4.4 K [16], and in an interpolating CVGT [17]. Polynomial equations were then supplied, using resistances corrected to zero measuring current. NMIJ Two Type 5187W thermometers, Nos B271 and B310, were submitted. They had been calibrated at 43 temperatures in a realisation of 4He vapour pressures at NMIJ between 2.2 K and 4.25 K. Details of the experiments and the results have been published [18, 19]. The calibrations were expressed as polynomials of temperature as a function of resistance at zero measuring currents. VNIIFTRI Two thermometers of VNIIFTRI manufacture, Nos 79 and 89, were submitted. Thermometer 79 had been calibrated from 0.5 K to 27.1 K against the Russian National Standard based on gas thermometry at VNIIFTRI above 2.5 K [20], and Thermometer 89 was later calibrated against No 79. Below 2.5 K the traceability is to the NPL scale, Tx1, through an exchange of thermometers in 1977. The calibrations are expressed as polynomials of temperature as a function of resistance at specified measuring currents.

3. Apparatus The cryostat used for the comparisons was the NPL 3He evaporation/comparator cryostat [21], see Figure 1. It is designed for the realisation of cryogenic triple points using sealed cells, and incorporates provision for 4He and 3He vapour-pressure measurements. For comparison calibrations a copper block is bolted to the cooling and control stage in the experimental space. The block is drilled with holes for 12 capsule-type platinum or rhodium-iron resistance thermometers. Control is achieved using a separate rhodium-iron sensor on the control block. This is connected to a manual AC resistance bridge which is set to the desired resistance ratio. The out-of-balance signal is amplified and fed back to the heater to bring the temperature close to the set point. Cooling below 4.2 K is achieved by manually-adjusted pumping on liquid 3He or 4He in small chambers but, except at the lowest temperatures, control is achieved electronically.

The thermometers are connected to heat-sink thermal anchor strips bound on the copper block, around which a layer of insulating mylar is wrapped. The block is surrounded by a shield made of copper, attached to the cooling/control stage and covered by aluminised mylar for radiation shielding. The assembly is suspended inside a continuously-pumped vacuum chamber, which is maintained at 4.2 K by a bath of liquid 4He.

5

Following usual practice in the NPL cryostat, the thermometers were 4-wire connected, but with each group of three thermometers having one common wire (V-). The connections led from the inner vacuum chamber up vacuum tubes through seals at room temperature to a computer-controlled scanner, which individually connected each thermometer to an ASL Model F18 resistance bridge. The bridge was operated at 25 Hz, with a Tinsley Type 5684 10 Ω reference resistor up to 20.3 K and a 100 Ω resistor at higher temperatures. At the lowest current, 0.1 mA, the noise was excessive and it was necessary to use the 100 Ω resistor. In the second run, the 100 Ω resistor was used throughout.

A Cardstar lap-top computer with a specially-written HT BASIC program was used to record the resistance ratios during a scan through the thermometers from position 1 to12 and back. The NPL reference thermometer 221481 was measured at the start, mid-point and end of the cycle, which took approximately 15 minutes. The differences between the two readings for each thermometer gave information about temperature drift and control stability. At lower temperatures where the diffusivity of copper is high, the temperature fluctuated by typically 0.1 to 0.2 mK. At higher temperatures the control response was slower and systematic drift was sometimes evident, typically only a few times 0.1 mK but in one case about 1 mK. By taking the averages of the pairs of readings, the scanning procedure provided first-order compensation for the drift in temperature, and only its non-linearity contributed to the type A uncertainties in the comparison. This was estimated as discussed in Section 6.

After averaging the two measured resistances for each thermometer, the program calculated the values R(0 mA) at zero current using available self-heating data (see below). For those thermometers for which calibration coefficients were already available, temperature values were calculated on line, together with the differences for these thermometers from the NPL reference thermometer.

4. Measurements

Run 1

As noted earlier, the first run included 12 thermometers, all of H Tinsley manufacture. More than 70 sets of measurements were made in the range 0.5 K to 27.1 K, slightly wider than the ITS-90 range of interest but including temperatures where some laboratory calibrations already existed. At several temperatures measurements were made on more than one occasion, and overall the comparison is based on data at 43 distinct temperatures in the range 0.65 K to 24.5561 K.

After the cryostat had been cooled to 4.2 K, the 4He exchange gas was pumped away, and the temperature was stabilised at about 4.5 K. Various trials of the control, measurement and data-processing were carried out, leading to the first set of comparison measurements and self-heating checks, using currents of 0.2√2 mA and 0.5 mA. The self-heating effect at 0.2√2 mA was therefore the fraction 8/17 of the resistance increase between the two measuring currents.

Measurements were then made at a number of temperatures in the range down to 1 K and up to 18.6 K, including self-heating measurements at selected points. This was followed by measurements down to 0.5 K with 3He cooling, some additional measurements up to 18.6 K, and a continuation up to 27.1 K.

6

Over the range down to 0.86 K, the comparison measurement current was 0.2√2 mA, for which the maximum self-heating did not exceed 0.5 mK in most thermometers. This current was adopted in order to achieve the required measurement sensitivity at acceptable self-heating. To calculate temperature values during the experiment, it was necessary to correct the measurements to the currents at which the original calibration data had been supplied. This required that the self-heating effect should be estimated on-line, which was done to first order accuracy using the fact that the temperature dependence of the self-heating effect is similar for all thermometers of this type and can therefore be modelled by a specimen equation. The self-heating effect for each thermometer was calculated by normalising to the specimen equation at 5 K, using the values measured at that temperature at the start of the experiment. Subsequent self-heating determinations were used to check that the calculated values were correct within about 0.1 mK. In a later analysis the self-heating data for each thermometer were fitted by simple equations to ensure that the corrections were appropriately made.

The self-heating in this range increases on cooling to reach a maximum at the condensation temperature of the helium in the capsule. This depends on the filling pressure, but for Tinsley thermometers it is near or just below 1.3 K. Since the condensate is superfluid and has an efficient heat-piping action, the self-heating reduces to a small value, but it rapidly rises again as the temperature and vapour pressure fall, and this eventually necessitates reductions in measuring current. In view of this irregular behaviour, the self-heating was measured at all temperatures below 1.3 K. The measuring currents were 0.2 mA and 0.2 √2 mA at 0.77 K and 0.70 K, and (variously) 0.2 mA, 0.1 √2 mA and 0.1 mA at lower temperatures, see Table 2.

Run 2

The second run, in April-May 2000, again consisted of a batch of 12 thermometers, and included Thermometers 221481 and 221483 from NPL and Thermometers 79 and 89 from VNIIFTRI. The remaining thermometers were available for other possible participants, but in the event they were not required. The NPL and VNIIFTRI thermometers were linked to Run 1 through NPL Thermometer 221481.

The pattern of experimentation was similar to that of Run 1, and within the range 0.65 K to 24.5561 K measurements were made at most of the same nominal temperatures as in Run 1, with some repeats. This resulted in data at 38 distinct temperatures, 37 of which were closely matched with temperatures in Run 1.

5. Data processing Two main measurement routines were available during the experiments. The first was a comparison scan of the 12 thermometers in the sequence 1, 2,.. ..11, 12, 1, 12, 11,.. ..2, 1, at a pre-set measuring current, i1. The second was a self-heating routine, in which measurements were made at currents i1, i2 and i1, where i2 is √2 or another multiple of i1. Details of the currents are given in Table 2.

7

Table 2: currents i1 and i2 used for comparison and self-heating measurements

T90 / K i1 / mA i2 / mA Run 1 0.65 0.1 0.1 √2 0.58, 0.65 0.1 √2 0.2 0.68, 0.70, 0.76 0.2 0.2 √2 0.86 - 26

0.2 √2 (40 temperatures)

0.5 (22 temperatures)

Run 2 0.65, 0.70, 0.76, 0.86 0.1 √2 0.2 0.86 0.2 0.2 √2 1.03 - 26.5

0.2 √2 (34 temperatures)

0.5 (17 temperatures)

In self-heating tests, the data were analysed on line to calculate the resistance increase between R(i1 mA) and R(i2 mA). These data were used to check the efficacy of the modelled self-heating corrections, and to calculate the values of R(0 mA).

In each comparison set, the two measured values for each thermometer were averaged, and the self-heating correction was applied, leading to a provisional set of values of R(0 mA).

For those thermometers where calibration coefficients were available, temperature values were calculated, and an initial view of the comparison results was obtained on line. In cases where the original calibration equations were at non-zero current, a second self-heating calculation was necessary.

Subsequent to the runs, the self-heating data were reanalysed and fitted by cubic or quadratic equations expressing the resistance increase as a function of ln (T / K). This was done in two parts: above and below the condensation point near 1.3 K. In the higher range, the fitted resistance increase was that at 0.2√2 mA, the current used in the measurements. Below this, all self-heating data were corrected to the resistance increases at 0.2 mA. The results for all thermometers in the comparison are plotted in Appendix 2. The plots show the equations y = f(x) where y is the self-heating (resistance increase in µΩ) and x is ln (T / K).

(The independent variable was taken as the logarithm of the temperature as this has the effect of expanding the low-temperature regions, so partially linearising the temperature dependence of the self-heating. Strictly, self-heating coefficients are more meaningfully expressed as the temperature increase per unit dissipation, i.e. in mK/µW, but this is less convenient to use, and it would still be necessary to use two equations per thermometer).

Soon after completion of each run, the values of R(0 mA) were fitted against the temperatures T221481 obtained from the NPL reference thermometer. These ‘control fits’ were done as a quality check to ensure that the raw comparison data were reliable, and that the thermometers could safely be returned to their owners.

The matrix of values of R(0 mA) for each thermometer at all measured points was then assembled and participants were asked, as a cross-check, to calculate the temperature values to be associated with their thermometers, and to submit uncertainty budgets if this had not already been done. Where the original calibrations were at a non-zero current, the participant was asked to confirm the NPL calculations of R(i mA), or to use his own corrections (for this step, of course, it is the self-heating in the participant’s cryostat which is required, but in practice the differences were too small to be considered).

8

From this process the matrix of resistances could be converted to a matrix of temperatures, each associated with the uncertainties in the original calibrations, ux, for Thermometer x (uncertainties in the comparison were not yet included). At this point the near-duplicate temperatures were averaged, leaving 43 distinct points in Run 1, and 38 points in Run 2.

The data for the two VNIIFTRI thermometers and NPL thermometer 221483 from Run 2 were then merged with the data of Run 1. This was done by calculating the differences from the common NPL thermometer, 221481, and adding these differences to the temperature T221481 in Run 1 at the equivalent temperatures. Thus for Thermometer x,

Tx (Run 1) = T221481 (Run 1) + (Tx (Run 2) – T221481 (Run 2)).

The procedure is valid because the differences vary only slowly with temperature, and the temperatures in the two runs generally differed by only a few millikelvin. In two instances it was larger than 10 mK, being 23 mK at 2.9 K and 79 mK at 4.4 K, but even in the latter case there is no discernable distortion of the comparison results.

The next step was to derive a table and graph of differences between each thermometer and a baseline value. It was proposed by the pilot to use the weighted means, Twm, as the baseline, and it was agreed that these would serve as the Key Comparison Reference Values (KCRVs) in the comparison, without any additional significance attaching to them, with regard to ‘best estimates’ of T90. It was also decided that comparison uncertainties uK1 should be included in calculating the weighted means. Thus

Twm = Σ (Tx / (u2x + u2

K1)0.5 ) / Σ (1 / (u2x + u2

K1)0.5),

where the summations are over all thermometers in the comparison.

The resistance and temperature values obtained in the comparison are presented in Tables 3 and 4, respectively, and the differences from the weighted means are given in Table 5. The uncertainties and the comparison results are discussed in Sections 6 and 7.

6. Uncertainties Uncertainties in the submitted calibrations

To assist in developing uncertainties for the submitted calibrations, a template was devised, listing the components likely to be relevant (this depended on the basis of the realisation). Participants were invited to use this, or otherwise to send equivalent budgets where they already existed. Since a large number of temperatures were involved, only specimen budgets were required, provided that the method of interpolating uncertainties at all other temperatures was stated. The uncertainty budgets of all participants are included in Appendix 3, see also Figure 2, and explanatory text is as follows.

NPL Uncertainties are calculated at five temperatures above 4.2 K and five below 4.2 K. The first is based on the normalisation of the NPL-75 scale to the ITS-90, and includes the uncertainties in realizing the three fixed points required, with an additional uncertainty for thermometer stability. The second is an uncertainty analysis of the original vapour pressure calibrations down to 1 K. Below 1 K the uncertainty is of Tx1 as a representation of the ITS-90. Again, a component is included for the thermometer stability.

NIST The budget is extracted from information supplied and covers all temperatures of the

9

comparison. The data used were those obtained from 3He vapour pressures up to 2.0 K, then 4He vapour pressures up to 5 K, and gas thermometry at higher temperatures. The analysis derives from the work of Meyer and Reilly [8, 9].

PTB Uncertainty budgets for the two PTB thermometers were supplied using the template. At 4.8 K and 24.6 K the budgets for Thermometer 229075 are based on the direct interpolating DCGT calibration. That for Thermometer 229074 is derived from the comparison with 229075 as the reference. The uncertainties are taken to vary linearly between 4.8 K and 24.6 K. Below 4.8 K the uncertainties are based on the original Tx1 calibrations as maintained at PTB. All budgets include a component for thermometer stability.

NMi/VSL The budget uses the template and the uncertainty is calculated at 2.2 K. Variations from this, due to variations in the thermometer sensitivity, are calculated in a sub-table.

NRC Budgets were supplied using the template for the ranges 0.65 K to 4.2 K and 4.2 K to 24.5561 K, and are derived from the recent realisations of the ITS-90 by Hill [16, 17]. The uncertainties were taken to be constant within these ranges, except for an increase below 0.9 K.

NMIJ NMIJ used the template for the uncertainties in the 4He vapour pressure realisations, separately for both thermometers at all comparison temperatures in the range 2.25 K to 4.25 K.

VNIIFTRI The template was used for each thermometer, and the uncertainties were calculated at 7 points in the complete range. The uncertainties at intermediate temperatures have been calculated by linear interpolation. The budget for Thermometer 89 includes that for Thermometer 79, against which it was calibrated.

Uncertainties in the comparison experiments

In addition to the uncertainties in the laboratory calibrations, a budget is needed to express the uncertainty in the comparison experiments, uK1. This is also presented in Appendix 3 and Figure 2, which show that the uncertainties were generally in the range ± 0.11 to ± 0.15 mK (k = 1), but increased below 1.5 K to reach ± 0.2 mK at 0.65 K.

The Type A uncertainty comes from the control fits which were done to verify the comparison validity, see Section 5. At each comparison temperature the standard deviation of the fitting residuals of all the thermometers was calculated. This provides the estimate of the Type A standard uncertainties in a way which involves only the resistance comparisons and is independent of any particular realisation of the ITS-90. Since the resistances were those at 0 mA, the uncertainty includes the statistical uncertainties due to the self-heating corrections.

The Type B components are due to the resistance bridge linearity (considering the range of bridge ratios used at each point), the non-statistical component of the corrections to 0 mA, and residual temperature gradients. They are deduced from upper-limit estimates,

10

based on resistance bridge checks, the self-heating data and the stability of the control. The last two are to an extent correlated with the Type A uncertainty, but the degree of correlation is not readily assessed and has been ignored. A component is included for linking the data for Run 1 and Run 2, based on the agreement between the two NPL thermometers in Run 2.

Non-uniqueness effects

Since CCT-K1 is a comparison of realisations of the ITS-90, and not just of measurements at fixed points, a further consideration is the possible effect of non-uniqueness in the scale. Variations in materials, which would contribute ‘Type 1’ non-uniqueness [22], are not a problem, since 3He and 4He are well-defined and reproducible substances. However, the ITS-90 includes several overlapping definitions in the range, and this necessarily gives rise to a level of sub-range inconsistency, which is ‘Type 2’ non-uniqueness in the definitions of Reference 22. There are several possibilities:

1. The interpolating CVGT sub-range overlaps with the sub-range defined using Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers above 13.8033 K. It was not the intention of CCT-K1 to make comparison with such SPRT realisations, see Appendix 1, and no calibrations based on SPRT realisations were submitted.

2. The ITS-90 allows the interpolating CVGT to operate with either 3He or 4He. In fact the gas thermometers used in the ITS-90 realisations or approximations for this comparison exclusively used 4He, so the isotopic effect is absent.

3. The lower fixed point of the ICVGT may be anywhere in the range 3 K to 5 K. Meyer and Reilly [9] report a sub-range inconsistency of + 0.7 mK at 5 K, between the NIST ICVGT realisation fixed at 3 K compared with that fixed at 5 K. In principle this could account for some of the differences between NRC (ICVGT fixed at 4.2 K) and NIST (fixed at 5 K). However, NIST was the only laboratory in CCT-K1 to fix its gas thermometry at 5 K, and the gas thermometer approximations of other laboratories do not show similar differences to those of NRC.

4. The vapour-pressure ranges of 4He and 3He overlap between 1.25 K and 3.1 K. Meyer and Reilly [8] found that [T90(4He vp) – T90(3He vp)] varied between + 0.07 mK and + 0.29 mK in this range. The NIST calibrations of Thermometers A128 and A129 using 4He and 3He vapour pressures broadly (but not exactly) follow the published differences, being between + 0.07 mK and + 0.10 mK in the range 2.24 K < T90 < 3.0 K. Outside this range they rose to a maximum of + 0.3 mK at 1.5 K and + 0.16 mK at 3.1 K. Other laboratories have made (partially) overlapping 4He and 3He vapour pressure realisations although they did not distinguish between them in the calibrations. In fact, limited use was made of 4He vapour pressures below 2.0 K, or of 3He vapour pressures above 3.0 K, and any sub-range inconsistency in the comparison is effectively contained within the range where it should not exceed 0.10 mK.

In conclusion, the comparison has been carried out using the calibrations supplied, regardless of possible non-uniqueness contributions to the differences. In practice some sources of non-uniqueness are likely to be small and some possibly more significant sources have been avoided. In general the magnitude of the non-uniqueness depends on the choices of sub-range and other options for the realisation or approximation. It is therefore difficult to estimate a reliable non-uniqueness uncertainty, and this has not been attempted. As a general rule, where calibrations or critical data are exchanged, it is desirable to specify the basis of the realisations used.

11

7. Results. The comparison results are presented in Tables 3, 4 and 5, and Figure 3.

Table 3 documents the resistance values at 0 mA for both Runs 1 and 2. These are the primary data of the comparison from which the temperatures have been calculated. Values for the NMIJ thermometers outside the range 2.25 K to 4.25 K have been withheld for possible future use.

Table 4 gives the temperatures corresponding to the resistance values in Table 3, calculated from the calibration equations supplied.

In Table 5, the data for Run 2 are merged with those of Run 1, following the method described in Section 5. The first two columns give the comparison uncertainties and the weighted mean temperatures, Twm, at each distinct temperature in the comparison (ie, the near-duplicate temperature points are averaged). These are followed by the differences from the weighted means, ∆Tx = (Tx – Twm)/mK, and the uncertainties, ux at k = 1, for each thermometer (x) in the comparison.

Figure 3 plots these differences, over the full range and, for closer inspection, in the range below 4.5 K.

Temperatures for the NRC thermometers below 1.3 K are given in parentheses in Table 5, and the corresponding differences are not plotted in Figure 3. They have been excluded from the weighted mean and comparison results, with the agreement of the participants, because they deviate substantially from the mean values and are not fully consistent with each other.

Appendix 2 records the self-heating data and graphs. As discussed, these are presented as the resistance increases (in µΩ), at 0.2√2 mA above 1.3 K and at 0.2 mA below 1.3 K. Hence there is a factor of two step-change at 1.3 K, in addition to the change due to the condensation of helium in the thermometer.

8. Conclusion and documentation of equivalences. This report and the key comparison results form the basis of calculations of inter-laboratory equivalences for Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database, KCDB.

The level of agreement between participants is seen, in Table 5 and Figure 3, to be mostly within ± 0.5 mK, although there are exceptions. The distribution of results is sometimes asymmetric with respect to the baseline (the KCRV, being the weighted mean), since the uncertainties, and consequently the weights, vary considerably between participants.

In Figures 4a, 4b and 4c the results for each participant are shown separately, together with the envelope of the combined uncertainties of the laboratory calibrations, ux, and the comparison uncertainty, uK1, expanded to k = 2 and centred about the baseline. Thus it is possible to see immediately where the differences from Twm exceed the combined expanded uncertainties, and ask whether this constitutes a ‘significant unresolved deviation’ within the meaning of the MRA Clause T7.

No excess deviations are found for NMIJ, PTB, NMi/VSL and VNIIFTRI. For NRC there is a single isolated case, which cannot be regarded as significant. For NIST there is one isolated point for Thermometer A128 at 0.7 K and a cluster of three points for Thermometer A129 between 1.5 K and 2 K. The former is attributed to an error in the comparison, and in neither case is the deviation of real significance. One of the three NPL

12

thermometers, No 221485, shows deviations between 8 K and 21 K which are near, and in six cases exceed, the uncertainty envelope. Relative to the other two thermometers, it seems clear that the normalisation of this thermometer at the triple point of hydrogen (13.8033 K) has not been effective. This should be investigated, but in any case the average of the three thermometers does not exceed the uncertainty envelope. Apart from this, there is one deviation for Thermometer 221481, of no statistical significance.

Thus it is concluded that no discrepancies need to be noted in Appendix C of the KCDB.

Using the data in Table 5 (the differences ∆Tx = (Tx – Twm)/mK, the uncertainties, ux at k = 1, and the comparison uncertainties uK1, also at k = 1), the degrees of equivalence between all thermometers have been calculated at all temperatures in the comparison. These are presented in Appendix 4 on one page per temperature. Each page shows the input data and a graph of the differences with uncertainty bars at k = 1. Below this is a matrix which gives, above the principal diagonal, the differences and expanded uncertainties for each pair of thermometers i and j: Uij = 2uij = 2(u2

i + u2j + 2u2

K1)0.5.

Below the diagonal the matrix gives, for each thermometer pair, the ‘quantified demonstrated equivalence’, QDE0.95, this being a parameter which estimates the interval (±) within which the two thermometers can be expected to agree, with 95% confidence. It is therefore a convenient single-parameter measure of the bilateral equivalence of the pair of thermometers. The formula for its calculation is, after [23]:

QDE0.95 = |Ti – Tj| + 1.645 + 0.3295 exp [-4.05 (|Ti – Tj|) / uij] uij.

Appendix 4 completes the record of the comparison. The KCDB Appendix B entry gives the degrees of equivalence expressed as (∆Tij ± Uij), but QDE0.95 values are not given.

Acknowledgement The pilot authors (RR and DH) wish to acknowledge the assistance they received in the comparison experiments from their colleagues Declan Kruppa (Run 1) and Derek Cousins (Run 2), and from Gavin Sutton for the development of the data processing software.

References

1. Preston-Thomas H.: Metrologia, 1990, 27, 3-10 and 107

2. Supplementary Information for the International Temperature Scale of 1990, BIPM, 1990

3. Rusby R. L.: in Temperature measurement, Institute of Physics Conference Series Number 26, edited by Billing and Quinn, IOP London, pp 125-130, 1975

4. Kytin G. A., Vorfolomeev S. F., Dedikov Y. A., Ermilova L. N. and Astrov D. N.: Document CCT/89-7, BIPM 1989

5. Berry K. H.: Metrologia, 1979, 15, 89-115

6. Rusby R. L. and Swenson C. A.: Metrologia, 1980, 16, 73-87

7. Head D. I. and Rusby R. L.: Document CCT/93-15, BIPM 1993

13

8. Meyer C. and Reilly M.: Metrologia, 1996, 33, 383-389

9. Meyer C. W., Reilly M. L.: Proceedings of TEMPMEKO ’96, edited by P. Marcarino, Levrotto & Bella, Torino, p39-44

10. Luther H., Grohmann K. and Fellmuth B.: Metrologia, 1996, 33, 341-352

11. Steur P. P. M. (1983): PhD Thesis Determination of Temperatures between 4 K and 100 K with a Gas Thermometer, Leiden University, the Netherlands

12. El Samahy A. E. (1976): PhD Thesis Thermometry between 0.5 K and 30 K, Leiden University, the Netherlands

13. De Groot M. J., Gibb K., Heimeriks H., Durieux M. (1997): IMEKO Seminar on Low Temperature Thermometry and Dynamic Temperature Measurement, edited by A. Szmyrka-Grzebyk; Wroclaw, pp L104-109

14. De Groot M. J., Mooibroek J., Bloembergen P., Durieux M., Reesink A. L., Mao Yuzhu (1993): TEMPMEKO ’93, Prague, pp 90-96

15. De Groot M. J. (1998): in Toward an International Temperature Scale from 0.65 K to 1 mK, Leiden University, edited by R. L. Rusby and P. Mohandas, NPL, pp 79-84.

16. Hill K. D.: Metrologia, 2002, 39, 41-49.

17. Hill K. D.: Proceedings of TEMPMEKO 2001, edited by Fellmuth, Seidel and Scholz, Berlin, VDE Verlag GmbH, 2002, pp 543-548.

18. Tamura O. and Morii N.: Proceedings of TEMPMEKO 2001, edited by Fellmuth, Seidel and Scholz, Berlin, VDE Verlag GmbH, 2002, pp 531-536.

19. Tamura O. and Morii N.: Teion-kogaku (Cryogenic Engineering), 2001, 36, 419-426 (in Japanese).

20. Astrov D. N., Beliansky L. B., Dedikov Y. A., Polunin S. P. and Zahkarov A. A.: Metrologia, 1989, 26, 151-166.

21. Head D. I., Rusby R. L. and Martin J. E.: Cryogenic Triple Point Cells at NPL, NPL Report QM116, October 1995.

22. Mangum B.W., Bloembergen P., Chattle M. V., Fellmuth B., Marcarino P. and Pokhodun A. I.: Metrologia, 1997, 34, 427-429.

23. Steele A. G., Wood B. M. and Douglas R. J.: in Advanced Mathematical and Computational Tools in Metrology V, Lisbon, World Scientific, 2001. See also Wood B. M. and Douglas R. J.: Metrologia, 1998, 35, 427-429.

14

Table 3: values of resistance, R(0 mA) / ohm, in Run 1 and Run 2 Run 1

Resistances at 63 temperatures

Run 2

Resistances at 45 temperatures

NPL NPL NMIJ* PTB NMi/VSL NMIJ* PTB NRC NIST NRC NIST NPL NPL NPL NPL VNIIFTRI VNIIFTRI221481 221481 B271 229074 226246 B310 229075 A138 A128 A140 A129 221485 221481 221481 221483 79 89 T90 / K R(0mA) R(0mA) R(0mA) R(0mA) R(0mA) R(0mA) R(0mA) R(0mA) R(0mA) R(0mA) R(0mA) T90 / K R(0mA) R(0mA) R(0mA) R(0mA)

0.649430 6.000320 4.854656 4.708053 4.725211 3.336816 3.112024 3.386632 2.950192 5.281817 0.649920 6.000691 5.916362 5.569808 5.395872 0.649800 6.000460 4.854591 4.708068 4.725265 3.336940 3.112182 3.386682 2.950176 5.281865 0.652080 6.002256 5.917897 5.571303 5.397230 0.677030 6.020424 4.872045 4.724571 4.742804 3.349094 3.123293 3.399054 2.960708 5.299175 0.675860 6.019662 5.935321 5.587288 5.412797 0.704350 6.040122 4.889731 4.741162 4.760712 3.361637 3.134828 3.411658 2.971328 5.316999 0.702760 6.039281 5.955035 5.605550 5.430467 0.761820 6.081926 4.926410 4.776029 4.798252 3.387356 3.158393 3.437463 2.993665 5.353773 0.703040 6.039584 5.955275 5.605752 5.430605 0.858740 6.152033 4.988646 4.834792 4.861282 3.430810 3.198389 3.481484 3.031301 5.415979 0.758870 6.080179 5.996039 5.643378 5.467119 0.991590 6.247523 5.073616 4.915077 4.947326 3.490132 3.253202 3.541370 3.082728 5.500294 0.859670 6.153168 6.069221 5.711160 5.532713 1.031750 6.276155 5.099190 4.939324 4.973382 3.508076 3.269700 3.559427 3.098284 5.525674 1.025550 6.272092 6.188540 5.821861 5.639985 1.031920 6.276305 5.099345 4.939417 4.973495 3.508071 3.269765 3.559492 3.098338 5.525759 1.061020 6.297336 6.213860 5.845362 5.662770 1.225340 6.413072 5.221937 5.055306 5.097910 3.593347 3.348829 3.645644 3.172630 5.646390 1.255300 6.434182 6.351108 5.973117 5.786535 1.250010 6.430357 5.237326 5.069921 5.113564 3.604095 3.358772 3.656475 3.181976 5.661598 1.502840 6.605610 6.523141 6.133833 5.942229 1.503610 6.606030 5.396109 5.220075 5.274709 3.714113 3.461253 3.767634 3.278195 5.816854 1.754480 6.776129 6.694220 6.294330 6.097720 1.755060 6.776446 5.551003 5.366461 5.432016 3.821280 3.561225 3.875744 3.372080 5.967301 1.999430 6.938420 6.857078 6.447326 6.245979 1.996780 6.936578 5.697264 5.504796 5.580650 3.922342 3.655620 3.977687 3.460766 6.108781 2.252490 7.102210 7.021432 6.602102 6.395939 2.247880 7.099175 6.117636 5.846354 5.645790 5.975561 5.732149 4.025096 3.751856 4.081370 3.551133 6.252346 2.595130 7.317648 7.237643 6.806237 6.593711 2.249540 7.100255 6.118633 5.847332 5.646691 5.976519 5.733103 4.025745 3.752448 4.082026 3.551712 6.253249 2.595220 7.317730 7.237708 6.806247 6.593751 2.600230 7.320783 6.327061 6.050311 5.838657 6.182121 5.939436 4.165467 3.883511 4.223026 3.674749 6.447957 2.702580 7.383769 7.303983 6.868895 6.654471 2.600250 7.320798 6.327085 6.050337 5.838664 6.182136 5.939448 4.165499 3.883515 4.223022 3.674759 6.447961 2.873890 7.487580 7.408160 6.967483 6.749973 2.602000 7.321908 6.328140 6.051308 5.839573 6.183155 5.940436 4.166193 3.884156 4.223682 3.675345 6.448925 3.098210 7.620780 7.541859 7.094107 6.872655 2.699400 7.381800 6.384797 6.106575 5.891902 6.239076 5.996641 4.204205 3.919869 4.262088 3.708851 6.501835 3.401320 7.796037 7.717763 7.260886 7.034252 2.700380 7.382378 6.385353 6.107171 5.892390 6.239579 5.997203 4.204586 3.920263 4.262473 3.709173 6.502289 3.800910 8.019007 7.941574 7.473407 7.240209 2.896790 7.501290 6.497936 6.216935 5.996283 6.350711 6.108893 4.280104 3.991147 4.338637 3.775740 6.607279 4.115470 8.188233 8.111508 7.634978 7.396770 2.996710 7.560854 6.554428 6.272164 6.048428 6.406389 6.164963 4.317969 4.026741 4.376843 3.809196 6.659906 4.349130 8.310440 8.234127 7.751630 7.509829 3.099390 7.621511 6.611848 6.328288 6.101454 6.463046 6.222022 4.356468 4.062941 4.415678 3.843132 6.713321 4.398510 8.335891 8.259720 7.776030 7.533442 3.099650 7.621599 6.612021 6.328400 6.101647 6.463222 6.222165 4.356621 4.063071 4.415818 3.843268 6.713550 5.000580 8.636151 8.561176 8.063272 7.811758 3.400400 7.795489 6.777025 6.489770 6.254126 6.625996 6.386180 4.467324 4.167189 4.527508 3.940950 6.867002 5.948350 9.073808 9.000739 8.482773 8.218268 3.400380 7.795480 6.777069 6.489699 6.254140 6.626013 6.386186 4.467329 4.167202 4.527516 3.941016 6.867042 7.197860 9.594093 9.523190 8.982300 8.702334 3.429460 7.811970 6.792702 6.505015 6.268619 6.641458 6.401743 4.477841 4.177096 4.538108 3.950287 6.881583 8.400390 10.043284 9.974382 9.414314 9.121015 3.800540 8.018778 6.989159 6.697193 6.450404 6.835273 6.597222 4.609679 4.301134 4.671064 4.066716 7.064151 9.513840 10.421069 10.353847 9.778109 9.473530 3.801510 8.019319 6.989707 6.697765 6.450920 6.835915 6.597794 4.610099 4.301556 4.671500 4.067083 7.064699 9.513730 10.421093 10.353861 9.778117 9.473545 4.223520 8.245071 7.204417 6.908017 6.649714 7.047747 6.811651 4.754242 4.437321 4.816906 4.194478 7.264028 10.802860 10.819695 10.754338 10.162341 9.845941 4.226000 8.246407 7.205701 6.909270 6.650870 7.048968 6.812878 4.755042 4.438062 4.817711 4.195200 7.265121 12.297370 11.237985 11.174658 10.565976 10.2370564.477410 8.376289 7.030429 6.765401 6.936152 4.838089 4.516316 4.901579 4.268624 7.379822 13.802780 11.619587 11.558093 10.934531 10.5942894.999780 8.635721 7.272777 6.994644 7.182773 5.004148 4.672830 5.068950 4.415427 7.608923 15.487730 12.007549 11.947980 11.309498 10.9576925.000660 8.636197 7.273091 6.994936 7.183040 5.004332 4.672989 5.069180 4.415627 7.609229 17.000000 12.326547 12.268571 11.618053 11.2567855.948030 9.073661 7.682493 7.382128 7.599597 5.284648 4.937280 5.351904 4.663578 7.995466 18.601160 12.639555 12.583160 11.921057 11.5504547.194660 9.592824 8.169196 7.842388 8.094962 5.617812 5.251541 5.687841 4.958253 8.453912 20.299370 12.949030 12.894235 12.220882 11.8410547.208140 9.598141 8.174149 7.847060 8.100010 5.621228 5.254748 5.691259 4.961267 8.458529 21.578470 13.169902 13.116257 12.435029 12.0486058.296020 10.006062 8.557084 8.209219 8.489790 5.883292 5.501963 5.955577 5.193121 8.818778 22.680520 13.353531 13.300826 12.613179 12.2212508.399220 10.042863 8.591674 8.241900 8.524985 5.906922 5.524253 5.979407 5.214003 8.851207 23.499280 13.486720 13.434705 12.742483 12.3465748.399480 10.042956 8.591705 8.241926 8.525043 5.906974 5.524292 5.979423 5.214046 8.851255 24.106220 13.583999 13.532489 12.836931 12.4381129.507680 10.419099 8.945104 8.576192 8.884795 6.148808 5.752404 6.223329 5.427944 9.183443 24.454800 13.639373 13.588159 12.890727 12.49023810.795950 10.817668 9.319723 8.930500 9.266258 6.405192 5.994218 6.481894 5.654680 9.535365 24.552360 13.654818 13.603692 12.905741 12.50477710.810190 10.821861 9.323680 8.934262 9.270220 6.407929 5.996808 6.484626 5.657066 9.539111 24.552390 13.654827 13.603708 12.905742 12.50479212.297090 11.237909 9.714913 9.304360 9.668576 6.675677 6.249328 6.754646 5.893806 9.906492 24.555990 13.655393 13.604223 12.906267 12.505302

13.798130 11.618424 10.072907 9.642990 10.033088 6.920693 6.480390 7.001709 6.110374 10.242539 15.497450 12.009672 10.441039 9.991279 10.407961 7.172696 6.718020 7.255855 6.333087 10.588091 15.499310 12.010085 10.441433 9.991652 10.408403 7.172971 6.718278 7.256125 6.333340 10.588448 15.501810 12.010632 10.441942 9.992131 10.408866 7.173314 6.718596 7.256477 6.333644 10.588931 16.999290 12.326402 10.739183 10.273350 10.711565 7.376797 6.910487 7.461647 6.513470 10.867842 18.595850 12.638554 11.033146 10.551503 11.010908 7.578002 7.100268 7.664543 6.691314 11.143572 18.598810 12.639106 11.033660 10.552017 11.011487 7.578364 7.100602 7.664900 6.691619 11.144037 20.298580 12.948889 11.325561 10.828191 11.308717 7.778132 7.289121 7.866355 6.868267 11.417714 20.298800 12.948928 11.325616 10.828258 11.308742 7.778164 7.289146 7.866381 6.868294 11.417748 21.575120 13.169336 11.533482 11.024963 11.520448 7.920386 7.423437 8.009769 6.994110 11.612478 22.676930 13.352945 11.706719 11.188916 11.696871 8.038866 7.535395 8.129230 7.098998 11.774648 23.496030 13.486186 11.832589 11.308041 11.825054 8.124913 7.616770 8.215981 7.175238 11.892391 23.496770 13.486321 11.832714 11.308146 11.825159 8.124993 7.616835 8.216051 7.175293 11.892501 24.101920 13.583308 11.924397 11.394914 11.918522 8.187666 7.676118 8.279238 7.230842 11.978164 24.340270 13.621196 11.960225 11.428828 11.955040 8.212124 7.699292 8.303871 7.252546 12.011668 24.446370 13.638043 11.976147 11.443906 11.971241 8.223017 7.709584 8.314874 7.262197 12.026516 24.548880 13.654270 11.991499 11.458417 11.986864 8.233508 7.719511 8.325439 7.271485 12.040842 24.553870 13.655060 11.992239 11.459112 11.987604 8.234013 7.719991 8.325954 7.271935 12.041537

* NMIJ values outside range 2.2 K to 4.2 K have been removed for use in future comparison analysis

15

16

Table 4: values of temperature, in Run 1 and Run 2

Run 1: values at 63 temperatures Run 2: values at 45 temperaturesNPL NMIJ PTB NMi/VSL NMIJ PTB NRC NIST NRC NIST NPL NPL NPL VNIIFTRI VNIIFTRI

221481 B271 229074 226246 B310 A138 A128 A140 A129 221485 221481 221483 79 89 T / K 90 T / K 90 T / K 90 T / K 90 T / K 90 T / K 90 T / K 90 T / K 90 T / K 90 T / K T / K 90 T / K 90 T / K 90 T / K 90 T / K 90

0.649430 0.649596 0.650357 0.649510 0.645052 0.649961 0.647246 0.650018 0.649644 0.649920 0.649930 0.650425 0.6507250.649800 0.649495 0.650382 0.649592 0.645331 0.650342 0.647357 0.649977 0.649718 0.652080 0.652020 0.652633 0.6527960.677030 0.676573 0.677410 0.676440 0.672698 0.677079 0.674670 0.676957 0.676438 0.675860

229075 90

0.675770 0.676460 0.676786

0.704350 0.704040 0.704626 0.703874 0.700939 0.704853 0.702523 0.704179 0.704028 0.702760 0.702680 0.703443 0.7037370.761820 0.761082 0.761866 0.761437 0.758848 0.761654 0.759627 0.761491 0.761112 0.703040 0.703010 0.703742 0.7039480.858740 0.858121 0.858603 0.858288 0.856758 0.858267 0.857317 0.858267 0.858267 0.758870 0.758800 0.759425 0.7597320.991590 0.991133 0.991361 0.990995 0.990737 0.991179 0.990843 0.991012 0.991376 0.859670 0.859630 0.860113 0.8603061.031750 1.031293 1.031601 1.031310 1.031370 1.031315 1.031262 1.031298 1.031649 1.025550 1.025490 1.025996 1.0260211.031920 1.031537 1.031755 1.031484 1.031359 1.031474 1.031407 1.031439 1.031784 1.061020 1.060990 1.061378 1.0614311.225340 1.224999 1.225123 1.224932 1.225397 1.224814 1.225402 1.224828 1.225201 1.255300 1.255090 1.255231 1.2554411.250010 1.249406 1.249645 1.249395 1.249982 1.249255 1.249936 1.249284 1.249814 1.502840 1.502910 1.503106 1.5033851.503610 1.503155 1.503751 1.503099 1.503714 1.503103 1.503918 1.503008 1.503560 1.754480 1.754490 1.754997 1.7551811.755060 1.754594 1.755115 1.754561 1.755172 1.754642 1.755291 1.754504 1.754965 1.999430 1.999470 1.999950 2.0001121.996780 1.996278 1.996820 1.996315 1.996922 1.996327 1.996943 1.996288 1.996757 2.252490 2.252530 2.253028 2.2531442.247880 2.247450 2.247488 2.247932 2.247503 2.247507 2.247912 2.247595 2.247931 2.247572 2.247886 2.595130 2.595140 2.595751 2.5958082.249540 2.249105 2.249155 2.249554 2.249113 2.249105 2.249515 2.249154 2.249537 2.249198 2.249485 2.595220 2.595240 2.595768 2.5958782.600230 2.600164 2.600047 2.600290 2.600210 2.600215 2.600210 2.600054 2.600346 2.600063 2.600268 2.702580 2.702630 2.703153 2.7032922.600250 2.600204 2.600093 2.600304 2.600235 2.600236 2.600291 2.600065 2.600336 2.600092 2.600276 2.873890 2.873900 2.874372 2.8744672.602000 2.602011 2.601798 2.601991 2.602003 2.601943 2.602062 2.601808 2.602006 2.601789 2.602043 3.098210 3.098170 3.098484 3.0985592.699400 2.699447 2.699266 2.699570 2.699499 2.699446 2.699497 2.699358 2.699607 2.699280 2.699428 3.401320 3.401220 3.401340 3.4014102.700380 2.700409 2.700321 2.700484 2.700379 2.700426 2.700478 2.700438 2.700590 2.700223 2.700270 3.800910 3.800820 3.800893 3.8010222.896790 2.896749 2.896511 2.896816 2.896849 2.896793 2.896787 2.896679 2.896897 2.896544 2.896662 4.115470 4.115420 4.115668 4.1158012.996710 2.996679 2.996583 2.996750 2.996688 2.996721 2.996624 2.996572 2.996781 2.996576 2.996633 4.349130 4.349124 4.349229 4.3494083.099390 3.099254 3.099240 3.099345 3.099280 3.099374 3.099130 3.099129 3.099309 3.099007 3.099155 4.398510 4.398588 4.398774 4.3988913.099650 3.099565 3.099447 3.099721 3.099600 3.099632 3.099542 3.099500 3.099680 3.099419 3.099598 5.000580 5.000755 5.001007 5.0010733.400400 3.400219 3.400292 3.400383 3.400219 3.400347 3.400156 3.400136 3.400379 3.399945 3.400202 5.948350 5.948694 5.948785 5.9489033.400380 3.400301 3.400158 3.400411 3.400250 3.400358 3.400171 3.400174 3.400402 3.400152 3.400283 7.197860 7.197876 7.198051 7.1982993.429460 3.429255 3.429166 3.429411 3.429244 3.429333 3.429181 3.429194 3.429382 3.429129 3.429250 8.400390 8.400356 8.400754 8.4011783.800540 3.800435 3.800237 3.800561 3.800365 3.800450 3.800294 3.800112 3.800339 3.800136 3.800405 9.513840 9.513606 9.514317 9.5146123.801510 3.801489 3.801360 3.801635 3.801618 3.801557 3.801496 3.801398 3.801577 3.801327 3.801540 9.513730 9.513666 9.514344 9.5146614.223520 4.223639 4.223420 4.223574 4.223681 4.223565 4.223571 4.223538 4.223688 4.223459 4.223641 10.802860 10.80280 10.803385 10.8037164.226000 4.226217 4.225989 4.226080 4.226166 4.226037 4.226018 4.225889 4.226047 4.225903 4.226007 12.297370 12.29750 12.297913 12.2978264.477410 4.477474 4.477459 4.477405 4.477700 4.477545 4.478134 4.477546 4.477501 13.802780 13.80282 13.803288 13.8032704.999780 5.000050 5.000128 5.000062 5.000826 5.000211 5.000901 5.000101 4.999974 15.487730 15.48777 15.488097 15.4880245.000660 5.000744 5.000809 5.000643 5.001422 5.000758 5.001640 5.000828 5.000692 17.000000 16.99999 17.000312 17.0004935.948030 5.948357 5.948419 5.948216 5.948868 5.947948 5.949111 5.948148 5.947935 18.601160 18.60105 18.601487 18.6016607.194660 7.194881 7.194983 7.194817 7.195595 7.194880 7.195593 7.194765 7.194543 20.299370 20.29925 20.299654 20.2998247.208140 7.208306 7.208375 7.208260 7.209131 7.208351 7.209020 7.208262 7.207840 21.578470 21.57832 21.578577 21.5786948.296020 8.296214 8.296279 8.296136 8.297319 8.296546 8.297308 8.296561 8.295779 22.680520 22.68028 22.680459 22.6804628.399220 8.399562 8.399523 8.399432 8.400502 8.399727 8.400489 8.399652 8.398822 23.499280 23.49905 23.499190 23.4992608.399480 8.399655 8.399605 8.399603 8.400732 8.399906 8.400559 8.399862 8.398974 24.106220 24.10607 24.105951 24.1060859.507680 9.507997 9.508099 9.507851 9.509019 9.508227 9.508971 9.508237 9.507387 24.454800 24.45465 24.454439 24.454537

10.795950 10.796109 10.796408 10.796201 10.796982 10.796319 10.797043 10.796502 10.795644 24.552360 24.55238 24.552047 24.55207710.810190 10.810385 10.810760 10.810241 10.811409 10.810800 10.811326 10.810729 10.810040 24.552390 24.55228 24.552053 24.55217612.297090 12.297148 12.297899 12.297099 12.297793 12.297349 12.297778 12.297413 12.296904 24.555990 24.55562 24.555463 24.55560213.798130 13.798317 13.798881 13.798209 13.798459 13.798156 13.798305 13.798122 13.797754 15.497450 15.497845 15.498129 15.497715 15.497581 15.497390 15.497576 15.497312 15.497078 15.499310 15.499755 15.500040 15.499816 15.499531 15.499331 15.499469 15.499335 15.498922 15.501810 15.502221 15.502494 15.502018 15.501956 15.501719 15.501942 15.501776 15.501414 16.999290 16.999859 16.999833 16.999701 16.999431 16.999287 16.999259 16.999271 16.998848 18.595850 18.596498 18.596405 18.596270 18.595915 18.595921 18.595784 18.595924 18.595406 18.598810 18.599394 18.599464 18.599473 18.598889 18.598827 18.598690 18.598759 18.598201 20.298580 20.299191 20.299011 20.299059 20.298662 20.298992 20.298637 20.298973 20.298243 20.298800 20.299519 20.299440 20.299203 20.298938 20.299221 20.298864 20.299242 20.298461 21.575120 21.575934 21.575850 21.575693 21.575266 21.575775 21.575114 21.575754 21.574976 22.676930 22.677453 22.677427 22.677222 22.676586 22.677193 22.676571 22.677155 22.676646 23.496030 23.496586 23.496578 23.496375 23.495615 23.496174 23.495675 23.496197 23.495941 23.496770 23.497406 23.497306 23.497052 23.496384 23.496834 23.496341 23.496792 23.496714 24.101920 24.102615 24.102501 24.102251 24.101887 24.101929 24.101930 24.102011 24.101752 24.340270 24.340847 24.340765 24.340698 24.340051 24.340191 24.339870 24.340214 24.340219 24.446370 24.447000 24.446981 24.446767 24.446435 24.446295 24.446466 24.446428 24.446209 24.548880 24.549508 24.549361 24.549207 24.549072 24.548807 24.549000 24.548807 24.548636 24.553870 24.554453 24.554268 24.554063 24.554017 24.553766 24.554002 24.553770 24.553609

Tab

le 5

: Com

pari

son

unce

rtai

ntie

s, K

CR

Vs (

wei

ghte

d m

ean

valu

es),

diff

eren

ces f

rom

the

KC

RV

s and

labo

rato

ry u

ncer

tain

ties,

Run

s 1 a

nd 2

toge

ther

C

ompa

rison

K

CR

V

NPL

NM

IJ

PTB

N

Mi/V

SL

N

MIJ

P

TB

N

RC

NIS

T

N

RC

NIS

T

NPL

V

NIIF

TRI

VN

IIFTR

I N

PL

Unc

erta

inty

W

t Mea

n 22

1481

B27

1

2290

74

22

6246

B31

0

22

9075

A13

8

A12

8

A14

0

A12

9

2214

85

79

89

22

1483

u(K

1) /

mK

Tw

m

(T-T

wm

)u/

mK

(T-T

wm

) u/

mK

(T-T

wm

)u/

mK

(T-T

wm

)u/

mK

(T-T

wm

)u/

mK

(T-T

wm

)u/

mK

(T-T

wm

)u/

mK

(T-T

wm

) u/

mK

(T-T

wm

)u/

mK

(T-T

wm

)u/

mK

(T-T

wm

)u/

mK

(T-T

wm

)u/

mK

(T-T

wm

)u/

mK

(T-T

wm

) u/

mK

k

= 1

/ K

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

/ mK

k

= 1

0.20

5

0.64

9875

-0.2

600.

254

-0.3

290.

180

0.49

50.

182

-0.3

240.

180

(-4.

721)

0.44

50.

277

0.13

9(-

2.61

0)0.

445

0.12

30.

139

-0.1

940.

254

0.27

00.

540

0.50

10.

550

-0.2

500.

254

0.20

1

0.67

6928

0.10

20.

245

-0.3

550.

180

0.48

20.

182

-0.4

880.

180

(-4.

240)

0.39

90.

151

0.12

1(-

2.26

8)0.

399

0.02

90.

121

-0.4

900.

245

0.70

20.

533

1.02

80.

548

0.04

20.

245

0.19

8

0.70

4354

-0.0

040.

236

-0.3

140.

180

0.27

20.

182

-0.4

790.

180

(-3.

450)

0.36

00.

499

0.11

0(-

1.86

6)0.

360

-0.1

750.

110

-0.3

250.

236

0.68

90.

526

0.93

90.

545

-0.0

490.

236

0.19

0

0.76

1580

0.24

00.

218

-0.4

980.

180

0.28

60.

182

-0.1

430.

180

(-2.

718)

0.30

20.

074

0.08

2(-

1.94

0)0.

302

-0.0

890.

082

-0.4

680.

218

0.79

50.

511

1.10

20.

540

0.19

00.

218

0.17

7

0.85

8421

0.31

90.

186

-0.2

990.

180

0.18

20.

182

-0.1

330.

180

(-1.

581)

0.24

8-0

.154

0.07

6(-

1.02

2)0.

248

-0.1

540.

076

-0.1

540.

186

0.76

20.

486

0.95

50.

532

0.25

90.

186

0.15

9

0.99

1223

0.36

70.

144

-0.0

900.

180

0.13

80.

182

-0.2

280.

180

(-0.

442)

0.22

4-0

.044

0.07

8(-

0.33

6)0.

224

-0.2

110.

078

0.15

20.

144

0.14

40.

157

1.

0315

840.

251

0.14

5-0

.169

0.18

00.

094

0.18

2-0

.187

0.18

0(-

0.14

6)0.

225

-0.1

890.

078

(-0.

175)

0.22

5-0

.215

0.07

80.

133

0.14

50.

697

0.45

40.

722

0.52

60.

181

0.14

50.

149

1.22

4991

0.34

90.

151

0.00

70.

180

0.13

20.

256

-0.0

600.

180

(0.4

94)

0.22

5-0

.177

0.06

5(0

.499

)0.

225

-0.1

630.

065

0.21

00.

151

0.

151

0.14

8

1.24

9542

0.46

80.

152

-0.1

360.

180

0.10

30.

256

-0.1

480.

180

(0.5

73)

0.22

5-0

.288

0.06

5(0

.527

)0.

225

-0.2

590.

065

0.27

20.

152

0.39

80.

480

0.60

80.

570

0.23

80.

152

0.13

7

1.50

3370

0.24

00.

160

-0.2

150.

180

0.38

10.

256

-0.2

700.

180

0.34

50.

225

-0.2

670.

062

0.54

80.

225

-0.3

620.

062

0.19

10.

160

0.50

60.

510

0.78

60.

620

0.28

00.

160

0.13

2

1.75

4822

0.23

80.

157

-0.2

280.

180

0.29

40.

256

-0.2

600.

180

0.35

00.

225

-0.1

790.

038

0.46

90.

225

-0.3

170.

038

0.14

30.

157

0.75

50.

484

0.93

90.

592

0.24

80.

157

0.12

7

1.99

6554

0.22

60.

154

-0.2

760.

180

0.26

60.

256

-0.2

390.

180

0.36

80.

225

-0.2

270.

039

0.38

90.

225

-0.2

660.

039

0.20

30.

154

0.74

60.

460

0.90

80.

565

0.28

60.

154

0.12

2

2.

2484

850.

225

0.15

0-0

.208

0.09

5-0

.164

0.18

00.

258

0.22

5-0

.177

0.09

4-0

.179

0.18

00.

228

0.22

5-0

.111

0.03

90.

249

0.22

5-0

.100

0.03

90.

200

0.15

00.

763

0.43

50.

878

0.53

80.

265

0.15

00.

115

2.60

0776

0.05

10.

146

0.01

70.

084

-0.1

300.

180

0.08

60.

181

0.04

00.

082

0.02

20.

180

0.07

80.

225

-0.1

340.

040

0.12

00.

225

-0.1

280.

040

0.08

70.

146

0.63

50.

406

0.71

90.

498

0.06

60.

146

0.11

5

2.

6999

11-0

.021

0.14

70.

017

0.08

5-0

.117

0.18

00.

116

0.16

90.

028

0.08

20.

025

0.18

00.

076

0.22

5-0

.012

0.04

00.

188

0.22

5-0

.159

0.04

0-0

.062

0.14

70.

552

0.40

20.

691

0.48

60.

029

0.14

70.

114

2.89

6733

0.05

70.

150

0.01

70.

081

-0.2

210.

180

0.08

30.

144

0.11

70.

084

0.06

00.

180

0.05

40.

225

-0.0

540.

040

0.16

40.

225

-0.1

890.

040

-0.0

700.

150

0.53

90.

394

0.63

40.

462

0.06

70.

150

0.11

4

2.99

6648

0.06

20.

151

0.03

10.

082

-0.0

660.

180

0.10

20.

131

0.04

00.

080

0.07

20.

180

-0.0

240.

225

-0.0

760.

041

0.13

30.

225

-0.0

720.

041

-0.0

16

0.15

10.

151

0.11

4

3.

0993

980.

122

0.15

30.

011

0.08

2-0

.055

0.18

00.

135

0.13

00.

042

0.08

00.

104

0.18

0-0

.062

0.22

5-0

.084

0.04

10.

096

0.22

5-0

.185

0.04

1-0

.022

0.15

30.

395

0.39

20.

471

0.45

10.

082

0.15

30.

113

3.40

0235

0.15

50.

157

0.02

40.

082

-0.0

100.

180

0.16

10.

127

-0.0

010.

081

0.11

70.

180

-0.0

720.

225

-0.0

810.

042

0.15

50.

225

-0.1

860.

042

0.00

70.

157

0.17

50.

396

0.24

50.

455

0.05

50.

157

0.11

3

3.42

9250

0.21

00.

157

0.00

50.

082

-0.0

840.

180

0.16

10.

127

-0.0

060.

081

0.08

30.

180

-0.0

680.

225

-0.0

550.

042

0.13

20.

225

-0.1

210.

042

0.00

0 0.

157

0.15

70.

112

3.80

0903

0.12

20.

162

0.05

90.

085

-0.1

050.

180

0.19

40.

124

0.08

80.

084

0.10

00.

180

-0.0

090.

225

-0.1

490.

042

0.05

50.

225

-0.1

720.

042

0.06

90.

162

0.10

50.

403

0.23

40.

460

0.03

20.

162

0.11

1

4.

2247

94-0

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0.16

70.

134

0.08

8-0

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0.18

00.

033

0.12

20.

129

0.08

70.

006

0.18

00.

000

0.22

5-0

.081

0.04

20.

073

0.22

5-0

.114

0.04

20.

029

0.16

70.

114

0.40

90.

270

0.46

5-0

.063

0.16

70.

112

4.

4775

22-0

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0.21

0

-0

.047

0.18

0-0

.063

0.20

6

-0

.116

0.18

00.

179

0.55

00.

023

0.04

20.

612

0.55

00.

024

0.04

2-0

.020

0.20

10.

152

0.41

30.

269

0.46

8-0

.033

0.20

10.

114

5.

0004

58-0

.238

0.21

0-0

.061

0.27

00.

010

0.20

6-0

.106

0.25

00.

666

0.55

00.

025

0.06

70.

812

0.55

00.

025

0.06

7-0

.126

0.20

10.

189

0.42

10.

255

0.47

4-0

.063

0.20

10.

118

5.

9481

65-0

.135

0.21

00.

193

0.27

30.

255

0.20

60.

052

0.25

20.

704

0.55

0-0

.217

0.06

40.

947

0.55

0-0

.017

0.06

4-0

.230

0.20

10.

301

0.43

60.

419

0.48

50.

209

0.20

10.

122

7.

2015

44-0

.144

0.21

00.

049

0.27

70.

135

0.20

6-0

.006

0.25

60.

819

0.55

00.

071

0.07

00.

762

0.55

0-0

.031

0.07

0-0

.353

0.20

10.

047

0.45

60.

295

0.50

1-0

.129

0.20

10.

127

8.29

6372

-0.3

520.

210

-0.1

580.

280

-0.0

940.

206

-0.2

370.

258

0.94

60.

550

0.17

40.

076

0.93

60.

550

0.18

90.

076

-0.5

930.

201

0.

201

0.12

7

8.39

9612

-0.2

620.

210

-0.0

040.

280

-0.0

480.

206

-0.0

940.

259

1.00

50.

550

0.20

40.

076

0.91

20.

550

0.14

50.

076

-0.7

140.

201

0.10

20.

475

0.52

60.

515

-0.2

960.

201

0.13

1

9.50

8020

-0.3

400.

210

-0.0

230.

284

0.07

90.

206

-0.1

690.

262

0.99

90.

550

0.20

70.

086

0.95

10.

550

0.21

70.

086

-0.6

330.

201

0.20

60.

492

0.51

10.

528

-0.4

890.

201

0.13

7

10.8

0339

0-0

.320

0.20

6-0

.142

0.28

80.

194

0.22

7-0

.169

0.26

50.

806

0.55

00.

170

0.09

60.

795

0.55

00.

226

0.09

6-0

.548

0.20

00.

205

0.51

30.

537

0.54

4-0

.379

0.20

00.

145

12

.297

309

-0.2

190.

199

-0.1

600.

292

0.59

10.

267

-0.2

100.

269

0.48

40.

550

0.04

00.

106

0.46

90.

550

0.10

40.

106

-0.4

040.

197

0.32

40.

536

0.23

80.

562

-0.0

850.

197

0.15

3

13.7

9818

3-0

.053

0.19

10.

134

0.29

70.

698

0.30

80.

026

0.27

30.

276

0.55

0-0

.027

0.11

10.

122

0.55

0-0

.061

0.11

1-0

.429

0.18

20.

455

0.56

00.

437

0.58

0-0

.013

0.18

20.

153

15

.499

566

-0.0

430.

194

0.37

40.

302

0.65

50.

354

0.28

30.

277

0.12

30.

550

-0.0

870.

119

0.09

60.

550

-0.0

920.

119

-0.4

280.

185

0.32

40.

560

0.25

10.

585

0.00

50.

185

0.15

3

16.9

9933

5-0

.045

0.19

70.

524

0.30

70.

498

0.39

40.

366

0.28

10.

095

0.55

0-0

.049

0.12

4-0

.076

0.55

0-0

.064

0.12

4-0

.488

0.18

80.

267

0.56

00.

448

0.58

9-0

.055

0.18

80.

153

18

.597

377

-0.0

470.

200

0.56

90.

312

0.55

70.

437

0.49

50.

285

0.02

50.

550

-0.0

030.

129

-0.1

400.

550

-0.0

350.

129

-0.5

730.

191

0.28

10.

560

0.45

30.

593

-0.1

480.

191

0.15

3

20.2

9889

9-0

.209

0.20

30.

456

0.31

70.

326

0.47

50.

232

0.28

9-0

.099

0.55

00.

208

0.13

2-0

.149

0.55

00.

209

0.13

2-0

.547

0.19

40.

076

0.56

00.

245

0.59

8-0

.323

0.19

40.

153

21

.575

444

-0.3

240.

207

0.49

00.

321

0.40

60.

514

0.24

90.

292

-0.1

780.

550

0.33

10.

142

-0.3

300.

550

0.31

00.

142

-0.4

690.

198

-0.2

170.

560

-0.1

000.

602

-0.4

680.

198

0.15

3

22.6

7699

8-0

.068

0.21

00.

455

0.32

40.

429

0.54

20.

224

0.29

5-0

.412

0.55

00.

195

0.15

2-0

.427

0.55

00.

157

0.15

2-0

.352

0.20

1-0

.129

0.56

0-0

.126

0.60

5-0

.299

0.20

10.

153

23

.496

448

-0.0

480.

213

0.54

80.

327

0.49

40.

563

0.26

60.

297

-0.4

480.

550

0.05

60.

162

-0.4

390.

550

0.04

70.

162

-0.1

200.

204

-0.1

370.

560

-0.0

670.

607

-0.2

770.

204

0.15

3

24.1

0197

0-0

.050

0.21

50.

645

0.32

90.

531

0.57

80.

281

0.29

9-0

.083

0.55

0-0

.041

0.16

8-0

.040

0.55

00.

041

0.16

8-0

.218

0.20

6-0

.319

0.56

0-0

.185

0.60

9-0

.199

0.20

60.

153

24.3

4031

7-0

.047

0.21

50.

530

0.32

90.

448

0.58

40.

381

0.29

9-0

.266

0.55

0-0

.126

0.17

4-0

.447

0.55

0-0

.103

0.17

4-0

.098

0.20

6

0.20

60.

153

24

.446

403

-0.0

330.

216

0.59

70.

330

0.57

80.

587

0.36

40.

300

0.03

20.

550

-0.1

080.

174

0.06

30.

550

0.02

60.

174

-0.1

940.

207

-0.3

940.

560

-0.2

960.

610

-0.1

820.

207

0.15

3

24.5

5135

40.

021

0.21

60.

626

0.33

00.

460

0.58

80.

281

0.30

00.

190

0.55

0-0

.068

0.17

40.

147

0.55

0-0

.066

0.17

4-0

.232

0.20

7-0

.372

0.56

0-0

.274

0.61

0-0

.133

0.20

7

( )

: da

ta n

otus

ed

( )

: da

ta n

otus

ed

17

Figure 1: semi-schematic diagram of the NPL 3He-4He evaporation / comparator cryostat used for CCT-K1.

18

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

0 5 10 15 20 25

Temperature / K

u / m

K

NPL

PTB

NMi

NRC

NIST

VNIIFTRI

NMIJ

Comparison

Figure 2: uncertainties in the submitted calibrations and in the comparisons, at k = 1.

19

m

K

m)/

Tw

-

(Tx

CCT-K1: Differences from the weighted mean, T<4.2 K

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

0 1 2 3 4 5

Temperature/K

221481229074226246229075A138A128A140A129221485T79T89B271B310221483

K

m)/

m

w

- T

(Tx

CCT-K1: differences from weighted mean

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

0 5 10 15 20 25

Temperature/K

221481229074226246229075A138A128A140A129221485T79T89221483

Figure 3: differences for each thermometer from the weighted mean, from 0.65 K to 5 K, above, and for the full range, 0.65 K to 24.5561 K, below.

20

NPL

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

0 5 10 15 20 25Temperature/K

(Tx

- Tw

m)/m

K

221481221483221485-Uc/mK Uc/mK

NMIJ

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

0 1 2 3 4 5Temperature/K

(Tx -

Twm

)/mK

B271B310-Uc/mK Uc/mK

PTB

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

0 5 10 15 20 25

Temperature/K

(Tx

- Tw

m)/m

K

229074229075-Uc(074) Uc(074)-Uc(075) Uc(075)

Figure 4a: Differences from the weighted mean for NPL, NMIJ and PTB thermometers, with the envelopes of their combined uncertainties at k = 2.

21

1.

1.

0.

0.

-0 -1 -1

NMi/VSL

.5

.0

.5

0

5

0

5

0 5 10 15 20 25

Temperature/K

(Tx

- Tw

m)/m

K

226246-Uc/mK Uc/mK

1. 0.

0.

NIST

-1.0

-0.5

0

5

0

0 5 10 15 20 25

Temperature/K

(Tx

- Tw

m)/m

K

A128A129-Uc/mK Uc/mK

Figure 4b: Differences from the weighted mean for NMi/VSL and NIST thermometers, with the envelopes of their combined uncertainties at k = 2.

22

K

)/m

wm

- T

(Tx

NRC

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

0 5 10 15 20 25

Temperature/K

A138A140-Uc/mK Uc/mK

VNIIFTRI

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

0 5 10 15 20 25

Temperature/K

(Tx

- T

wm

)/m

K

7989-Uc(79) Uc(79)-Uc(89) Uc(89)

Figure 4c: Differences from the weighted mean for NRC and VNIIFTRI thermometers, with the envelopes of their combined uncertainties at k = 2.

23

Appendix 1: call for participation CCT Key Comparison No 1 Realisations of the ITS-90, 0.65 K to 24.5561 K, using rhodium-iron resistance thermometers In this temperature range the ITS-90 is defined by specifying vapour-pressure equations for 3He (0,65 K to 3,2 K) and 4He (1,25 K to 5,0 K) and interpolation equations for a constant-volume gas thermometer using 3He or 4He. The definitions are given in Sections 3.1 and 3.2 of the ITS-90 text, and practical methods for realising the scale in this range are outlined in Chapters 4 and 5 of the Supplementary Information for the ITS-90, BIPM 1990. Realisations of the ITS-90 in this range are generally preserved and disseminated through calibrations of rhodium-iron resistance thermometers. The key comparison will be effected by comparing such calibrations as have been established in the national measurement institutes (or other specialist laboratories) around the world. The national measurement institutes are therefore invited to submit one or two rhodium-iron resistance thermometers which have been calibrated in all or part of the range to the National Physical Laboratory, UK, before 31 March 1998. The calibrations will be compared in a series of experiments at NPL (or alternatively at PTB, Berlin) during 1998. The results of the comparison will be collated and presented to the CCT by March 1999. Laboratories wishing to take part in the comparison should contact Dr R L Rusby (address below) to register their interest by 31 July 1997. They should send the following information, as far as it is known. Name, fax no, postal and e-mail addresses, of the participant Source, construction and serial numbers of the thermometers, and resistance at 4,2 K Information relating to the realisation: range, description, report or publication Expected date of delivery of the thermometers to NPL. Further information will be communicated to participants, and full numerical information relating to the calibration will be required at the time of delivery. It is a pre-requisite of participation that the thermometers have been calibrated in terms of an original local realisation of the ITS-90 over at least part of the range. R L Rusby Centre for Quantum Metrology National Physical Laboratory Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom E-mail '[email protected]', Fax +44 181 943 6755 24 March 1997

24

App

endi

x 2:

self-

heat

ing

data

for

ther

mom

eter

s with

equ

atio

ns o

f fit

(see

mai

n te

xt, S

ectio

n 5)

NP

L 22

1485

y =

-15.

824x

3 + 1

22.1

7x2 -

324

.4x

+ 31

1.14

y =

1504

.2x2 -

95.

274x

+ 7

9.64

5

0

100

200

300

400

500

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)

Self-heating / microhm

0.1

mK

0.1

mK

NPL

2214

81

y = -2

8.17

6x3 +

212

.35x

2 - 54

3.34

x +

496.

37y

= 19

4.67

x2 - 21

2.47

x + 1

80.8

1

0

100

200

300

400

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

N

MIJ

B31

0

y =

-25.

128x

3 + 2

03.5

2x2 -

572

.61x

+ 5

84.8

6y

= 77

9.84

x2 - 2

92.5

2x +

166

.24

0

100

200

300

400

500

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

NMIJ

B27

1

y =

-30.

19x3 +

220

.89x

2 - 56

3.67

x +

539.

67y =

615

.49x

2 - 39

8.77

x + 1

44.4

1

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

25

PTB

2290

74

y = -9

.323

5x3 +

83.

066x

2 - 26

1.72

x +

303.

05y

= 49

2.57

x2 - 24

6.61

x +

102.

68

0

100

200

300

400

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

PTB

2290

75

y =

-14.

815x

3 + 1

12.7

x2 - 3

05.0

7x +

310

.54

y =

437.

86x2 -

251

.69x

+ 9

2.77

1

0

100

200

300

400

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

NM

i/VSL

226

246

y =

-19.

127x

3 + 1

39.9

2x2 -

350.

71x +

319

.12

y =

234.

6x2 -

201.

26x +

85.

463

0

100

200

300

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

26

NIS

T A1

29 y =

-8.8

009x

3 + 7

1.63

9x2 -

206

.14x

+ 2

20.2

9y

= 13

7.96

x2 - 8

0.08

8x +

37.

593

050100

150

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

NIS

T A

128

y =

-15.

467x

3 + 1

17.9

7x2 -

312.

04x

+ 30

4.69

y =

154.

96x2 -

107.

95x

+ 49

.927

050100

150

200

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

27

NRC

A138

y = -2

1.82

3x3 +

166

.17x

2 - 44

3.24

x + 4

41.4

4y =

278

.67x

2 - 25

0.35

x + 1

28.7

3

050100

150

200

250

300

350

400

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

NRC

A14

0

y =

-18.

109x

3 + 1

57.3

4x2 -

475

.45x

+ 5

15.8

2y

= 38

.843

x2 - 3

43.5

1x +

208

.95

0

100

200

300

400

500

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

28

NPL

221

481

(Run

2)

y = -4

.883

6x3 +

50.

45x2 -

179.

54x +

228

.29

y = 5

06.4

1x2 +

12.

375x

+ 1

8.15

0

100

200

300

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

NPL

2214

83 (R

un 2

)

y =

-5.7

127x

3 + 5

3.48

5x2 -

186

.4x

+ 24

2.37

y =

267.

41x2 -

49.

07x

+ 29

.128

0

100

200

300

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

VNI

IFTR

I 79

y =

-6.1

832x

3 + 9

2.77

5x2 -

396.

76x +

538

.52

y = 1

401.

3x2 -

417.

55x +

253

.96

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

y =

-7.6

637x

3 + 1

10.7

9x2 -

470

.77x

+ 6

41.0

8y

= 12

52.1

x2 - 4

90.9

x +

324.

64

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

-1-0

.50

0.5

11.

52

2.5

33.

5

Ln(T

/K)


0.1

mK

0.1

mK

Appendix 3: uncertainty budgets for Laboratory calibrations and the NPL comparison measurements.

1 NPL realisation of the ITS-90 from 4.2 K to 24.5562 K

Original NPL-75 calibrations, normalised to ITS-90 at 4.2 K, 13.8 K and 24.55 K Thermometer numbers: 221481, 221483, 221485

Component 4.2 K 10 K 13.8 K 20 K 24.55 K

Type A 1 Repeatability of measurements (see 2) 2 Curve-fit 0.1 0.11 0.1 0.09 0.1 v = 24

Type B3 NPL-75 normalised to ITS-90 0.17 0.16 0.14 0.16 0.174 Thermometer stability (not applicable) 0 0 0 0 05 Self-heating effect 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.056 Absolute resistance 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.047 Thermometer stability 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06

Combined uncertainty 0.210 0.210 0.191 0.203 0.216Effective degrees of freedom 467 320 321 627 521Expanded uncertainty (k = 2) 0.420 0.420 0.383 0.407 0.432

2 NPL realisation of the ITS-90 from 0.65 K to 4.2 K (via Tx1 at 0.65 K and using 3He and 4He vapour pressures for T > 1 K) Thermometer numbers: 221481, 221483, 221485

Component Tx1 3He 3He 4He 4He 0.65 K 1.0 K 1.5 K 2.6 K 4.2 K

Type A 1 Repeatability of measurements (see 2) 2 Curve-fit 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 v = 14

Type B3 Purity 0 0.02 0.03 0 04 Absolute pressure 0 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.015 Thermomolecular effect (u = 20%) 0 0 0 0 06 Aerostatic head (u = 10%) 0 0.017 0.022 0.027 0.067 Self-heating effect 0.15 0.05 0.1 0.08 0.058 Residual temperature gradients 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.099 Absolute resistance 0.005 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008

10 Thermometer stability 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.058 0.05811 Tx1 with respect to ITS-90 0.18

Combined uncertainty 0.254 0.144 0.160 0.146 0.167Effective degrees of freedom 9287 967 1455 1011 108Expanded uncertainty (k = 2) 0.507 0.288 0.319 0.291 0.333

This budget is for the uncertainty of 221481, 221483 and 221485 resistances via Tx1 at 0.65 K,and in terms of 3He and 4He vapour pressures from 1 K and 4.2 K as indicated, expressed in mK

Uncertainty for NPL thermometers in CCT-K1

29

Realisation of the ITS-90 from 0.65 K to 24.5562 K using rhodium-iron resistance thermometers

Laboratory name: PTB Thermometer number: 229074Temperature range: 0.65 K to 4.8 K

Index i Component Standard Degree of freedom Sensitivity Uncertainty uncertainty (components evaluated coefficient contribution

by a type A method) ν i ui in mK

Type A 1 Repeatability of calibration measurements (if not included in 2)2 Curve-fit (mK) 0.05 12 1 0.05

Type B3 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty (Ω) 1.2.E-05 2.1E+03 0.0244 Absolute value of standard resistor (Ω) 1.1.E-06 2.1E+03 0.0025 Temperature of standard resistor (Ω) 7.0.E-07 2.1E+03 0.0016 Correction of resistance to 0 mA7 Residual temperature gradients (mK) 0.06 1 0.068 Temperature scale realisation (mK) 0.15 1 0.159 Calibration of reference thermometer(s)

10 Correction to T90 (if appropriate) 11 Thermometer stability (mK) 0.06 1 0.0612

Combined uncertainty 0.18Effective degrees of freedom 2065Expanded uncertainty 0.36

Scale: IDCGTTemperature: 4.8 K




Type B3 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty (Ω) 1.2.E-05 2.1E+03 0.0244 Absolute value of standard resistor (Ω) 1.1.E-06 2.1E+03 0.0025 Temperature of standard resistor (Ω) 7.0.E-07 2.1E+03 0.0016 Correction of resistance to 0 mA7 Residual temperature gradients (mK) 0.06 1 0.068 Temperature scale realisation (mK) 9 Calibration of reference thermometer(s) 0.25 1 0.25



Uncertainty template for CCT-K1

Temperature: 24.6 K




Type B3 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty (Ω) 1.2.E-05 6.6E+03 0.0764 Absolute value of standard resistor (Ω) 1.8.E-06 6.6E+03 0.0125 Temperature of standard resistor (Ω) 1.2.E-06 6.6E+03 0.0086 Correction of resistance to 0 mA7 Residual temperature gradients (mK) 0.06 1 0.068 Temperature scale realisation (mK) 9 Calibration of reference thermometer(s) 0.30 1 0.30



30


Laboratory name: PTB Thermometer number: 229075Temperature range: 0.65 K to 4.8 K






















31


Laboratory name: NMi-VSL Thermometer number: 226246

Index i Component value Standard Degree of freedom Sensitivity Uncertainty uncertainty (components evaluated coefficient contribution


Type A 1 Repeatability of calibration measurements (if not included in 2) 02 Curve-fit 7.50E-05 K 30 1000 0.08

Type B3 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty n.a. 2.00E-07 inf 176056 0.044 Absolute value of standard resistor 25 Ω 2.50E-07 inf 176056 0.045 Temperature of standard resistor 28 °C 1.73E-02 K inf 1.76E+00 0.036 Correction of resistance to 0 mA n.a. as measured at 0.3 mA inf (total: 2-7)7 Residual temperature gradients 0 5.00E-05 K inf 1000 0.05 0.1118 Temperature scale realisation max deviation at 2.2 K 4.00E-04 2.31E-04 K inf 1000 0.239 Calibration of reference thermometer(s) in 8 0 \

10 Correction to T90 (if appropriate) N.A. 0 \11 Thermometer stability in 812

Combined uncertainty at 2.2 K 0.26 Effective degrees of freedom 40 Expanded uncertainty 0.51

sensitivity RhFe: (total: 2-8)T dR /dT sens coeff coeff/SQRT(3) u (k = 1)

0.65 0.609 0.25 0.144 0.1821 0.602 0.25 0.144 0.182

1.25 0.4 0.231 0.2562 0.561 0.4 0.231 0.2563 0.12 0.069 0.1314 0.09 0.052 0.1225 0.427 0.3 0.173 0.206

10 0.27 0.3 0.173 0.20620 0.16 0.8 0.462 0.47525 0.142 1 0.577 0.588


32


Thermometer number: B271 Approximate temperature: 2.25 K

Index i Component Standard Degree of freedom Sensitivity Uncertainty Remarksuncertainty (components evaluated coefficient contribution Unit of Unit of

by a type A method) standard sensitivity ν ι ui in mK uncertanty coefficient

Type A 1 Repeatability of calibration measurements (if not included in 2) included in 22 Curve-fit 39 0.046

Type B3 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty 2.1E-07 10 0.002 1 K/14 Absolute value of standard resistor 1.3E-06 10 0.013 1 K/15 Temperature of standard resistor 0.0032 2.0E-05 0.000 degree C K/(degree C)6 Correction of resistance to 0 mA 0.0057 Residual temperature gradients 0.0228 Temperature scale realisation 0.0649 Calibration of reference thermometer(s) 0.005

10 Correction to T90 (if appropriate) -11 Thermometer stability 0.04612

Combined uncertainty 0.095Effective degrees of freedom 727Expanded uncertainty 0.190 k = 2









Laboratory name: National Metrology Insitutute of Japan / National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology








33












Type B3 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty 2.0E-07 1 12 0.002 1 K/14 Absolute value of standard resistor 1.3E-06 1 12 0.015 1 K/15 Temperature of standard resistor 0.0032 2.3E-05 0.000 degree C K/(degree C)6 Correction of resistance to 0 mA 0.0167 Residual temperature gradients 0.0228 Temperature scale realisation 0.0399 Calibration of reference thermometer(s) 0.007










34






















35















36

















Laboratory name: National Metrology Insitutute of Japan / National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology








37




Type A Repeatability of calibration measurements (if not included in 2) included in 2

urve-fit 39 0.042Type B

3 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty 2.1E-07 11 0.002 1 K/14 Absolute value of standard resistor 1.3E-06 11 0.015 1 K/15 Temperature of standard resistor 0.0032 2.3E-05 0.000 degree C K/(degree C)6 Correction of resistance to 0 mA 0.0307 Residual temperature gradients 0.0228 Temperature scale realisation 0.0399 Calibration of reference thermometer(s) 0.006







Type B3 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty 2.1E-07 1 12 0.002 1 K/14 Absolute value of standard resistor 1.3E-06 1 12 0.015 1 K/15 Temperature of standard resistor 0.0032 2.3E-05 0.000 degree C K/(degree C)6 Correction of resistance to 0 mA 0.0157 Residual temperature gradients 0.0228 Temperature scale realisation 0.0399 Calibration of reference thermometer(s) 0.008



1 2 C








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41


Laboratory name: NRC Thermometer number: A138 and A140

Helium Vapour Pressure Range: 0.65 K to 4.2 K



Type A 1 Repeatability of calibration measurements (if not included in 2)2 Curve-fit 0.1 mK 56 1 0.10

Type B3 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty 3 µΩ 0.084 Absolute value of standard resistor 10 µΩ 0.035 Temperature of standard resistor 0.1 µΩ 0.006 Correction of resistance to 0 mA 0.05 mK 0.057 Residual temperature gradients 0.1 mK 0.108 Temperature scale realisation 0.1 mK 0.109 Calibration of reference thermometer(s) - -

10 Correction to T90 (if appropriate) - -11 Thermometer stability 0.1 mK 0.1012

Combined uncertainty 0.22Effective degrees of freedomExpanded uncertainty 0.45Note: uncertainty increases below 0.9 K and reaches 0.9 mK at 0.65 K

Interpolating Gas Thermometer Range: 4.2 K to 24.5561 K



Type A 1 Repeatability of calibration measurements (if not included in 2)2 Curve-fit 0.15 mK 45 0.15

Type B3 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty 3 µΩ 0.084 Absolute value of standard resistor 10 µΩ 0.035 Temperature of standard resistor 0.1 µΩ 0.006 Correction of resistance to 0 mA 0.05 mK 0.057 Residual temperature gradients 0.1 mK 0.108 Temperature scale realisation 0.5 mK 0.509 Calibration of reference thermometer(s) - -

10 Correction to T90 (if appropriate) - -11 Thermometer stability 0.1 mK 0.1012

Combined uncertainty 0.55Effective degrees of freedomExpanded uncertainty 1.10


42


Laboratory name: VNIIFTRI

Thermometer number: 79

Index i Component Standard Degree Uncertainty contribution uncertainty of freedom Ui , mK

u, mK ν i 0.65 K 1.0 K 1.5 K 2.5 K 3.0 K 13.8 K 24.5 KType A

Curve-fit 0.08 47Type B

1 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.01 0.032 Absolute value of standard resistor < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.013 Temperature of standard resistor < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.014 Correction of resistance to 0 mA 0.10 0.25 0.35 0.20 0.20 0.05 0.055 Residual temperature gradients 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.16 Thermometer stability 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.15 0.257 Temperature scale realisation 0.42 0.20 0.17 0.15 0.30 0.50 0.408 Calibration of reference thermometer(s) 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.10 0.15 0.259

Type B combined 0.53 0.44 0.50 0.40 0.38 0.55 0.55Total combined 0.54 0.45 0.51 0.41 0.39 0.56 0.56Effective degrees of freedomExpanded uncertainty 1.08 0.90 1.02 0.82 0.78 1.12 1.12

Thermometer number: 89

Index i Component Standard Degree Uncertainty contribution uncertainty of freedom Ui , mK

u, mK ν i 0.65 K 1.0 K 1.5 K 2.5 K 3.0 K 13.8 K 24.5 KType A

Curve-fit 0.10 27Type B

1 Resistance bridge linearity/uncertainty < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.01 0.032 Absolute value of standard resistor < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.013 Temperature of standard resistor < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.014 Correction of resistance to 0 mA 0.10 0.25 0.35 0.30 0.20 0.05 0.055 Residual temperature gradients 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.16 Thermometer stability 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.15 0.257 Temperature scale realisation8 Calibration of reference thermometer(s) 0.53 0.44 0.50 0.40 0.38 0.55 0.55

Type B combined 0.54 0.51 0.61 0.50 0.44 0.57 0.60Total combined 0.55 0.52 0.62 0.51 0.45 0.58 0.61Effective degrees of freedomExpanded uncertainty 1.10 1.04 1.24 1.02 0.90 1.16 1.22


43

Measurements at NPL

Component 0.65 K 1.0 K 1.5 K 2.6 K 4.2 K 10 K 13.8 K to 24.55 K

Type A 1 Repeatability of comparison measurements 0.12 0.1 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.07 v = 102 Curve-fit 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Type B3 Resistance bridge linearity 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.01 0.02 0.054 Absolute resistance 0 0 0 0 0 0 05 Temperature of standard resistor 0 0 0 0 0 0 06 Corrections to 0 mA 0.15 0.1 0.1 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.057 Residual temperature gradients 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.18 Stability of thermometer linking Runs 1 and 2 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.069

Combined uncertainty 0.205 0.159 0.137 0.115 0.111 0.133 0.153Effective degrees of freedom 86 64 275 689 242 132 230Expanded uncertainty (k = 2) 0.411 0.318 0.275 0.230 0.222 0.267 0.307

This budget is for the uncertainty of the comparison measurements,ie, it includes uncertainties in relative resistance measurement, expressed in mK

1. Statistical uncertainty in comparisons: from control fits for 11 thermometers2. Not used3. Comparing Type U with Type W, both with bridge non-linearity uncertainty of 1E-7 4. Absolute resistance data not required5. No significant temperature changes during measurement set6. From self-heating data (correlation with 1 ignored)7. Estimated from control stability8. Estimated from differences between T(221481) and T(221483) in Run 2

CCT-K1 comparison uncertainties

44

CCT-K1 table and graph of results, with bilateral degrees of equivalence and QDE-0.95 values

Thermometer Ti / K ui (k = 1) / mK (T - Twm) / mK u c(k=1) / mK U c(k=2) / mK y minimumNIST A128 0.650152 0.139 0.277 0.248 0.495 -1.0NIST A129 0.649998 0.139 0.123 0.248 0.495 -1.0

NMiVSL 226246 0.650370 0.182 0.495 0.274 0.548 -1.0NPL 221481 0.649615 0.254 -0.260 0.326 0.653 -1.0NPL 221483 0.649625 0.254 -0.250 0.326 0.653 -1.0NPL 221485 0.649681 0.254 -0.194 0.326 0.653 -1.0PTB 229074 0.649546 0.180 -0.329 0.273 0.546 -1.0PTB 229075 0.649551 0.180 -0.324 0.273 0.546 -1.0VNIIFTRI 79 0.650145 0.540 0.270 0.578 1.155 -1.0VNIIFTRI 89 0.650376 0.550 0.501 0.587 1.174 -1.0

KCRV 0.649875 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0

Twm / K u(comparison) / mK0.649875 0.205

Matrix of equivalences Differences and uncertainties above the diagonal: (Ti - Tj) ± Uij / mKQDE-0.95 values below the diagonal QDE-0.95 = |Ti - Tj| + 1.645 + 0.3295 exp [-4.05 (|Ti - Tj|)/uij] uij

Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.154 ± 0.700 -0.218 ± 0.739 0.536 ± 0.819 0.526 ± 0.819 0.470 ± 0.819 0.606 ± 0.737 0.601 ± 0.737 0.007 ± 1.257 -0.224 ± 1.274 0.277 ± 0.495NIST A129 0.749 - -0.372 ± 0.739 0.383 ± 0.819 0.373 ± 0.819 0.316 ± 0.819 0.452 ± 0.737 0.447 ± 0.737 -0.147 ± 1.257 -0.378 ± 1.274 0.123 ± 0.495

NMiVSL 226246 0.837 0.982 - 0.755 ± 0.852 0.745 ± 0.852 0.689 ± 0.852 0.824 ± 0.773 0.819 ± 0.773 0.225 ± 1.279 -0.005 ± 1.295 0.495 ± 0.548NPL 221481 1.211 1.059 1.456 - -0.010 ± 0.923 -0.066 ± 0.923 0.069 ± 0.851 0.064 ± 0.851 -0.529 ± 1.327 -0.760 ± 1.343 -0.260 ± 0.653NPL 221483 1.201 1.050 1.446 0.909 - -0.056 ± 0.923 0.079 ± 0.851 0.074 ± 0.851 -0.519 ± 1.327 -0.750 ± 1.343 -0.250 ± 0.653NPL 221485 1.145 0.996 1.390 0.911 0.908 - 0.135 ± 0.851 0.130 ± 0.851 -0.463 ± 1.327 -0.694 ± 1.343 -0.194 ± 0.653PTB 229074 1.212 1.059 1.460 0.842 0.845 0.874 - -0.005 ± 0.772 -0.599 ± 1.278 -0.830 ± 1.294 -0.329 ± 0.546PTB 229075 1.207 1.054 1.455 0.840 0.843 0.871 0.760 - -0.594 ± 1.278 -0.825 ± 1.294 -0.324 ± 0.546VNIIFTRI 79 1.239 1.261 1.327 1.629 1.620 1.568 1.654 1.649 - -0.231 ± 1.647 0.270 ± 1.155VNIIFTRI 89 1.322 1.445 1.277 1.867 1.857 1.802 1.895 1.890 1.673 - 0.501 ± 1.174

KCRV 0.685 0.541 0.946 0.801 0.791 0.740 0.778 0.774 1.248 1.472 -

CCT-K1: Comparison at 0.649875 K combined uncertainties uc (k = 1) / mK

NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 1/43



NMiVSL 226246 0.677410 0.182 0.482 0.271 0.543 -1.0NPL 221481 0.677030 0.245 0.102 0.317 0.635 -1.0NPL 221483 0.676970 0.245 0.042 0.317 0.635 -1.0NPL 221485 0.676438 0.245 -0.490 0.317 0.635 -1.0PTB 229074 0.676573 0.180 -0.355 0.270 0.540 -1.0PTB 229075 0.676440 0.180 -0.488 0.270 0.540 -1.0VNIIFTRI 79 0.677630 0.533 0.702 0.570 1.139 -1.0VNIIFTRI 89 0.677956 0.548 1.028 0.583 1.167 -1.0

KCRV 0.676928 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.122 ± 0.664 -0.330 ± 0.718 0.049 ± 0.790 0.109 ± 0.790 0.641 ± 0.790 0.506 ± 0.716 0.639 ± 0.716 -0.551 ± 1.232 -0.877 ± 1.258 0.151 ± 0.470NIST A129 0.693 - -0.452 ± 0.718 -0.073 ± 0.790 -0.013 ± 0.790 0.519 ± 0.790 0.384 ± 0.716 0.517 ± 0.716 -0.673 ± 1.232 -0.999 ± 1.258 0.029 ± 0.470

NMiVSL 226246 0.924 1.043 - 0.380 ± 0.835 0.440 ± 0.835 0.971 ± 0.835 0.836 ± 0.766 0.970 ± 0.766 -0.220 ± 1.262 -0.547 ± 1.287 0.482 ± 0.543NPL 221481 0.777 0.784 1.070 - 0.060 ± 0.898 0.592 ± 0.898 0.457 ± 0.833 0.590 ± 0.833 -0.600 ± 1.304 -0.926 ± 1.328 0.102 ± 0.635NPL 221483 0.801 0.776 1.129 0.884 - 0.532 ± 0.898 0.397 ± 0.833 0.530 ± 0.833 -0.660 ± 1.304 -0.986 ± 1.328 0.042 ± 0.635NPL 221485 1.291 1.169 1.658 1.330 1.271 - -0.135 ± 0.833 -0.002 ± 0.833 -1.192 ± 1.304 -1.518 ± 1.328 -0.490 ± 0.635PTB 229074 1.095 0.974 1.466 1.144 1.085 0.857 - 0.133 ± 0.764 -1.057 ± 1.261 -1.383 ± 1.286 -0.355 ± 0.540PTB 229075 1.228 1.106 1.599 1.276 1.216 0.822 0.792 - -1.190 ± 1.261 -1.516 ± 1.286 -0.488 ± 0.540VNIIFTRI 79 1.570 1.689 1.309 1.678 1.737 2.265 2.094 2.227 - -0.326 ± 1.631 0.702 ± 1.139VNIIFTRI 89 1.912 2.034 1.612 2.020 2.080 2.611 2.441 2.574 1.721 - 1.028 ± 1.167

KCRV 0.543 0.462 0.928 0.652 0.625 1.012 0.800 0.932 1.640 1.988 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 2/43


Thermometer Ti / K ui (k = 1) / mK (T - Twm) / mK u c(k=1) / mK U c(k=2) / mK y minimumNIST A128 0.704853 0.110 0.499 0.226 0.453 -1.0NIST A129 0.704179 0.110 -0.175 0.226 0.453 -1.0

NMiVSL 226246 0.704626 0.182 0.272 0.269 0.537 -1.0NPL 221481 0.704350 0.236 -0.004 0.308 0.616 -1.0NPL 221483 0.704305 0.236 -0.049 0.308 0.616 -1.0NPL 221485 0.704029 0.236 -0.325 0.308 0.616 -1.0PTB 229074 0.704040 0.180 -0.314 0.267 0.535 -1.0PTB 229075 0.703875 0.180 -0.479 0.267 0.535 -1.0VNIIFTRI 79 0.705043 0.526 0.689 0.562 1.124 -1.0VNIIFTRI 89 0.705293 0.545 0.939 0.580 1.160 -1.0

KCRV 0.704354 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.674 ± 0.640 0.227 ± 0.702 0.503 ± 0.765 0.548 ± 0.765 0.824 ± 0.765 0.813 ± 0.701 0.978 ± 0.701 -0.190 ± 1.211 -0.440 ± 1.245 0.499 ± 0.453NIST A129 1.200 - -0.447 ± 0.702 -0.171 ± 0.765 -0.126 ± 0.765 0.150 ± 0.765 0.139 ± 0.701 0.304 ± 0.701 -0.864 ± 1.211 -1.114 ± 1.245 -0.175 ± 0.453

NMiVSL 226246 0.813 1.026 - 0.276 ± 0.817 0.321 ± 0.817 0.598 ± 0.817 0.586 ± 0.758 0.752 ± 0.758 -0.416 ± 1.245 -0.667 ± 1.278 0.272 ± 0.537NPL 221481 1.132 0.821 0.957 - 0.045 ± 0.872 0.322 ± 0.872 0.310 ± 0.816 0.476 ± 0.816 -0.693 ± 1.281 -0.943 ± 1.314 -0.004 ± 0.616NPL 221483 1.177 0.788 0.999 0.856 - 0.277 ± 0.872 0.265 ± 0.816 0.431 ± 0.816 -0.738 ± 1.281 -0.988 ± 1.314 -0.049 ± 0.616NPL 221485 1.453 0.805 1.271 1.046 1.004 - -0.012 ± 0.816 0.154 ± 0.816 -1.014 ± 1.281 -1.264 ± 1.314 -0.325 ± 0.616PTB 229074 1.389 0.738 1.210 0.987 0.946 0.802 - 0.166 ± 0.756 -1.003 ± 1.244 -1.253 ± 1.277 -0.314 ± 0.535PTB 229075 1.555 0.884 1.375 1.148 1.103 0.854 0.809 - -1.168 ± 1.244 -1.418 ± 1.277 -0.479 ± 0.535VNIIFTRI 79 1.242 1.861 1.454 1.749 1.794 2.069 2.026 2.192 - -0.250 ± 1.615 0.689 ± 1.124VNIIFTRI 89 1.476 2.138 1.721 2.024 2.069 2.345 2.303 2.469 1.654 - 0.939 ± 1.160

KCRV 0.871 0.551 0.716 0.607 0.609 0.834 0.754 0.919 1.614 1.893 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 3/43




KCRV 0.761580 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.163 ± 0.585 -0.213 ± 0.669 -0.166 ± 0.711 -0.116 ± 0.711 0.541 ± 0.711 0.572 ± 0.667 0.217 ± 0.667 -0.721 ± 1.166 -1.028 ± 1.218 0.074 ± 0.413NIST A129 0.654 - -0.376 ± 0.669 -0.329 ± 0.711 -0.279 ± 0.711 0.379 ± 0.711 0.409 ± 0.667 0.054 ± 0.667 -0.884 ± 1.166 -1.191 ± 1.218 -0.089 ± 0.413

NMiVSL 226246 0.771 0.927 - 0.046 ± 0.781 0.096 ± 0.781 0.754 ± 0.781 0.785 ± 0.742 0.430 ± 0.742 -0.508 ± 1.211 -0.815 ± 1.260 0.286 ± 0.526NPL 221481 0.768 0.916 0.769 - 0.050 ± 0.817 0.708 ± 0.817 0.738 ± 0.780 0.383 ± 0.780 -0.555 ± 1.234 -0.862 ± 1.283 0.240 ± 0.578NPL 221483 0.732 0.868 0.786 0.804 - 0.658 ± 0.817 0.688 ± 0.780 0.333 ± 0.780 -0.605 ± 1.234 -0.912 ± 1.283 0.190 ± 0.578NPL 221485 1.126 0.965 1.397 1.380 1.330 - 0.031 ± 0.780 -0.324 ± 0.780 -1.262 ± 1.234 -1.569 ± 1.283 -0.468 ± 0.578PTB 229074 1.121 0.959 1.395 1.380 1.330 0.765 - -0.355 ± 0.740 -1.293 ± 1.210 -1.600 ± 1.259 -0.498 ± 0.523PTB 229075 0.773 0.660 1.041 1.027 0.979 0.970 0.966 - -0.938 ± 1.210 -1.245 ± 1.259 -0.143 ± 0.523VNIIFTRI 79 1.681 1.844 1.511 1.575 1.624 2.278 2.288 1.933 - -0.307 ± 1.582 0.795 ± 1.090VNIIFTRI 89 2.030 2.192 1.853 1.918 1.968 2.625 2.636 2.281 1.662 - 1.102 ± 1.145

KCRV 0.430 0.441 0.720 0.719 0.672 0.943 0.929 0.583 1.692 2.044 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 4/43


Thermometer Ti / K ui (k = 1) / mK (T - Twm) / mK u c(k=1) / mK U c(k=2) / mK y minimumNIST A128 0.858267 0.076 -0.154 0.192 0.384 -1.0NIST A129 0.858267 0.076 -0.154 0.192 0.384 -1.0


KCRV 0.858421 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.000 ± 0.544 -0.336 ± 0.636 -0.473 ± 0.642 -0.413 ± 0.642 0.000 ± 0.642 0.145 ± 0.634 -0.021 ± 0.634 -0.917 ± 1.104 -1.109 ± 1.185 -0.154 ± 0.384NIST A129 0.537 - -0.336 ± 0.636 -0.473 ± 0.642 -0.413 ± 0.642 0.000 ± 0.642 0.145 ± 0.634 -0.021 ± 0.634 -0.917 ± 1.104 -1.109 ± 1.185 -0.154 ± 0.384

NMiVSL 226246 0.861 0.861 - -0.137 ± 0.722 -0.077 ± 0.722 0.336 ± 0.722 0.481 ± 0.715 0.315 ± 0.715 -0.581 ± 1.152 -0.773 ± 1.231 0.182 ± 0.507NPL 221481 1.002 1.001 0.757 - 0.060 ± 0.727 0.473 ± 0.727 0.619 ± 0.720 0.452 ± 0.720 -0.443 ± 1.155 -0.636 ± 1.233 0.319 ± 0.514NPL 221483 0.942 0.942 0.721 0.719 - 0.413 ± 0.727 0.559 ± 0.720 0.392 ± 0.720 -0.503 ± 1.155 -0.696 ± 1.233 0.259 ± 0.514NPL 221485 0.634 0.634 0.932 1.072 1.012 - 0.145 ± 0.720 -0.021 ± 0.720 -0.916 ± 1.155 -1.109 ± 1.233 -0.154 ± 0.514PTB 229074 0.683 0.683 1.070 1.211 1.151 0.761 - -0.166 ± 0.714 -1.062 ± 1.151 -1.255 ± 1.230 -0.299 ± 0.505PTB 229075 0.623 0.623 0.907 1.045 0.986 0.707 0.771 - -0.895 ± 1.151 -1.088 ± 1.230 -0.133 ± 0.505VNIIFTRI 79 1.825 1.825 1.532 1.402 1.459 1.867 2.009 1.843 - -0.193 ± 1.526 0.762 ± 1.035VNIIFTRI 89 2.084 2.084 1.787 1.654 1.712 2.124 2.266 2.100 1.538 - 0.955 ± 1.121

KCRV 0.473 0.473 0.603 0.742 0.683 0.584 0.715 0.558 1.614 1.877 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 5/43



NMiVSL 226246 0.991361 0.182 0.138 0.242 0.483 -0.5NPL 221481 0.991590 0.144 0.367 0.215 0.429 -0.5NPL 221485 0.991375 0.144 0.152 0.215 0.429 -0.5PTB 229074 0.991133 0.180 -0.090 0.240 0.480 -0.5PTB 229075 0.990995 0.180 -0.228 0.240 0.480 -0.5

KCRV 0.991223 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221485 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.168 ± 0.500 -0.182 ± 0.599 -0.411 ± 0.556 -0.196 ± 0.556 0.046 ± 0.597 0.184 ± 0.597 -0.044 ± 0.354NIST A129 0.585 - -0.349 ± 0.599 -0.578 ± 0.556 -0.363 ± 0.556 -0.121 ± 0.597 0.016 ± 0.597 -0.211 ± 0.354

NMiVSL 226246 0.683 0.843 - -0.229 ± 0.646 -0.014 ± 0.646 0.228 ± 0.681 0.366 ± 0.681 0.138 ± 0.483NPL 221481 0.868 1.036 0.766 - 0.215 ± 0.607 0.457 ± 0.644 0.595 ± 0.644 0.367 ± 0.429NPL 221485 0.658 0.821 0.635 0.720 - 0.242 ± 0.644 0.380 ± 0.644 0.152 ± 0.429PTB 229074 0.589 0.631 0.796 0.987 0.777 - 0.138 ± 0.679 -0.090 ± 0.480PTB 229075 0.683 0.586 0.927 1.124 0.910 0.718 - -0.228 ± 0.480

KCRV 0.356 0.503 0.543 0.720 0.509 0.502 0.624 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1485

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 6/43



NMiVSL 226246 1.031678 0.182 0.094 0.240 0.481 -0.5NPL 221481 1.031835 0.145 0.251 0.214 0.428 -0.5NPL 221483 1.031765 0.145 0.181 0.214 0.428 -0.5NPL 221485 1.031717 0.145 0.133 0.214 0.428 -0.5PTB 229074 1.031415 0.180 -0.169 0.239 0.478 -0.5PTB 229075 1.031397 0.180 -0.187 0.239 0.478 -0.5VNIIFTRI 79 1.032281 0.454 0.697 0.480 0.961 -0.5VNIIFTRI 89 1.032306 0.526 0.722 0.549 1.099 -0.5

KCRV 1.031584 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.026 ± 0.496 -0.283 ± 0.595 -0.440 ± 0.553 -0.370 ± 0.553 -0.322 ± 0.553 -0.021 ± 0.593 -0.002 ± 0.593 -0.886 ± 1.023 -0.911 ± 1.153 -0.189 ± 0.351NIST A129 0.487 - -0.310 ± 0.595 -0.467 ± 0.553 -0.397 ± 0.553 -0.348 ± 0.553 -0.047 ± 0.593 -0.028 ± 0.593 -0.913 ± 1.023 -0.937 ± 1.153 -0.215 ± 0.351

NMiVSL 226246 0.775 0.800 - -0.157 ± 0.644 -0.087 ± 0.644 -0.039 ± 0.644 0.263 ± 0.678 0.281 ± 0.678 -0.603 ± 1.074 -0.628 ± 1.199 0.094 ± 0.481NPL 221481 0.896 0.922 0.701 - 0.070 ± 0.605 0.118 ± 0.605 0.420 ± 0.642 0.438 ± 0.642 -0.446 ± 1.052 -0.471 ± 1.179 0.251 ± 0.428NPL 221483 0.826 0.852 0.652 0.607 - 0.048 ± 0.605 0.350 ± 0.642 0.368 ± 0.642 -0.516 ± 1.052 -0.541 ± 1.179 0.181 ± 0.428NPL 221485 0.778 0.804 0.633 0.637 0.599 - 0.302 ± 0.642 0.320 ± 0.642 -0.564 ± 1.052 -0.589 ± 1.179 0.133 ± 0.428PTB 229074 0.582 0.586 0.825 0.948 0.879 0.832 - 0.018 ± 0.676 -0.866 ± 1.073 -0.890 ± 1.198 -0.169 ± 0.478PTB 229075 0.585 0.582 0.843 0.966 0.897 0.850 0.664 - -0.884 ± 1.073 -0.909 ± 1.198 -0.187 ± 0.478VNIIFTRI 79 1.728 1.754 1.488 1.317 1.384 1.432 1.749 1.767 - -0.025 ± 1.460 0.697 ± 0.961VNIIFTRI 89 1.860 1.886 1.617 1.448 1.515 1.562 1.876 1.895 1.435 - 0.722 ± 1.099

KCRV 0.478 0.504 0.506 0.604 0.536 0.491 0.566 0.583 1.488 1.627 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 7/43



NMiVSL 226246 1.225123 0.256 0.132 0.296 0.592 -0.5NPL 221481 1.225340 0.151 0.349 0.212 0.425 -0.5NPL 221485 1.225201 0.151 0.210 0.212 0.425 -0.5PTB 229074 1.224998 0.180 0.007 0.234 0.467 -0.5PTB 229075 1.224931 0.180 -0.060 0.234 0.467 -0.5

KCRV 1.224991 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221485 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.014 ± 0.459 -0.309 ± 0.675 -0.526 ± 0.534 -0.388 ± 0.534 -0.185 ± 0.569 -0.118 ± 0.569 -0.177 ± 0.325NIST A129 0.451 - -0.295 ± 0.675 -0.512 ± 0.534 -0.373 ± 0.534 -0.171 ± 0.569 -0.103 ± 0.569 -0.163 ± 0.325

NMiVSL 226246 0.867 0.853 - -0.217 ± 0.729 -0.078 ± 0.729 0.124 ± 0.754 0.191 ± 0.754 0.132 ± 0.592NPL 221481 0.966 0.951 0.827 - 0.139 ± 0.600 0.341 ± 0.631 0.408 ± 0.631 0.349 ± 0.425NPL 221485 0.827 0.813 0.728 0.648 - 0.203 ± 0.631 0.270 ± 0.631 0.210 ± 0.425PTB 229074 0.659 0.647 0.777 0.862 0.730 - 0.067 ± 0.661 0.007 ± 0.467PTB 229075 0.603 0.593 0.828 0.928 0.792 0.658 - -0.060 ± 0.467

KCRV 0.445 0.431 0.635 0.698 0.561 0.459 0.471 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1485

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 8/43



NMiVSL 226246 1.249645 0.256 0.103 0.296 0.591 -0.5NPL 221481 1.250010 0.152 0.468 0.212 0.424 -0.5NPL 221483 1.249780 0.152 0.238 0.212 0.424 -0.5NPL 221485 1.249814 0.152 0.272 0.212 0.424 -0.5PTB 229074 1.249406 0.180 -0.136 0.233 0.466 -0.5PTB 229075 1.249394 0.180 -0.148 0.233 0.466 -0.5VNIIFTRI 79 1.249940 0.480 0.398 0.502 1.004 -0.5VNIIFTRI 89 1.250150 0.570 0.608 0.589 1.178 -0.5

KCRV 1.249542 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.029 ± 0.456 -0.390 ± 0.673 -0.755 ± 0.533 -0.525 ± 0.533 -0.559 ± 0.533 -0.152 ± 0.567 -0.140 ± 0.567 -0.686 ± 1.055 -0.896 ± 1.221 -0.288 ± 0.323NIST A129 0.449 - -0.361 ± 0.673 -0.726 ± 0.533 -0.496 ± 0.533 -0.530 ± 0.533 -0.123 ± 0.567 -0.111 ± 0.567 -0.657 ± 1.055 -0.867 ± 1.221 -0.259 ± 0.323

NMiVSL 226246 0.945 0.917 - -0.365 ± 0.728 -0.135 ± 0.728 -0.169 ± 0.728 0.239 ± 0.753 0.250 ± 0.753 -0.296 ± 1.166 -0.505 ± 1.318 0.103 ± 0.591NPL 221481 1.194 1.165 0.965 - 0.230 ± 0.600 0.196 ± 0.600 0.604 ± 0.630 0.615 ± 0.630 0.069 ± 1.090 -0.141 ± 1.252 0.468 ± 0.424NPL 221483 0.964 0.935 0.760 0.728 - -0.034 ± 0.600 0.374 ± 0.630 0.385 ± 0.630 -0.161 ± 1.090 -0.371 ± 1.252 0.238 ± 0.424NPL 221485 0.998 0.969 0.786 0.696 0.590 - 0.408 ± 0.630 0.419 ± 0.630 -0.127 ± 1.090 -0.336 ± 1.252 0.272 ± 0.424PTB 229074 0.628 0.605 0.867 1.122 0.893 0.926 - 0.012 ± 0.659 -0.534 ± 1.107 -0.744 ± 1.267 -0.136 ± 0.466PTB 229075 0.619 0.596 0.878 1.133 0.904 0.938 0.647 - -0.546 ± 1.107 -0.756 ± 1.267 -0.148 ± 0.466VNIIFTRI 79 1.555 1.526 1.279 1.074 1.112 1.094 1.448 1.460 - -0.210 ± 1.548 0.398 ± 1.004VNIIFTRI 89 1.901 1.872 1.599 1.253 1.419 1.389 1.788 1.799 1.568 - 0.608 ± 1.178

KCRV 0.553 0.524 0.613 0.817 0.587 0.621 0.526 0.537 1.231 1.580 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 9/43



NMiVSL 226246 1.503751 0.256 0.381 0.290 0.581 -0.5NPL 221481 1.503610 0.160 0.240 0.211 0.421 -0.5NPL 221483 1.503650 0.160 0.280 0.211 0.421 -0.5NPL 221485 1.503561 0.160 0.191 0.211 0.421 -0.5NRC A138 1.503715 0.225 0.345 0.263 0.527 -0.5NRC A140 1.503918 0.225 0.548 0.263 0.527 -0.5

PTB 229074 1.503155 0.180 -0.215 0.226 0.452 -0.5PTB 229075 1.503100 0.180 -0.270 0.226 0.452 -0.5VNIIFTRI 79 1.503876 0.510 0.506 0.528 1.055 -0.5VNIIFTRI 89 1.504156 0.620 0.786 0.635 1.269 -0.5

KCRV 1.503370 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.095 ± 0.426 -0.648 ± 0.654 -0.507 ± 0.518 -0.547 ± 0.518 -0.457 ± 0.518 -0.611 ± 0.607 -0.815 ± 0.607 -0.052 ± 0.543 0.004 ± 0.543 -0.773 ± 1.098 -1.052 ± 1.304 -0.267 ± 0.301NIST A129 0.457 - -0.743 ± 0.654 -0.602 ± 0.518 -0.642 ± 0.518 -0.552 ± 0.518 -0.706 ± 0.607 -0.910 ± 0.607 -0.147 ± 0.543 -0.092 ± 0.543 -0.868 ± 1.098 -1.147 ± 1.304 -0.362 ± 0.301

NMiVSL 226246 1.186 1.281 - 0.141 ± 0.717 0.101 ± 0.717 0.190 ± 0.717 0.036 ± 0.784 -0.167 ± 0.784 0.596 ± 0.736 0.651 ± 0.736 -0.125 ± 1.205 -0.405 ± 1.396 0.381 ± 0.581NPL 221481 0.933 1.028 0.755 - -0.040 ± 0.596 0.050 ± 0.596 -0.104 ± 0.675 -0.308 ± 0.675 0.455 ± 0.618 0.511 ± 0.618 -0.266 ± 1.136 -0.545 ± 1.337 0.240 ± 0.421NPL 221483 0.973 1.068 0.729 0.587 - 0.090 ± 0.596 -0.064 ± 0.675 -0.268 ± 0.675 0.495 ± 0.618 0.551 ± 0.618 -0.226 ± 1.136 -0.505 ± 1.337 0.280 ± 0.421NPL 221485 0.883 0.978 0.794 0.590 0.609 - -0.154 ± 0.675 -0.357 ± 0.675 0.405 ± 0.618 0.461 ± 0.618 -0.316 ± 1.136 -0.595 ± 1.337 0.191 ± 0.421NRC A138 1.110 1.206 0.770 0.691 0.670 0.726 - -0.203 ± 0.745 0.559 ± 0.694 0.615 ± 0.694 -0.161 ± 1.180 -0.441 ± 1.374 0.345 ± 0.527NRC A140 1.314 1.409 0.835 0.865 0.827 0.914 0.830 - 0.763 ± 0.694 0.818 ± 0.694 0.042 ± 1.180 -0.238 ± 1.374 0.548 ± 0.527

PTB 229074 0.540 0.604 1.201 0.964 1.004 0.914 1.131 1.334 - 0.056 ± 0.640 -0.721 ± 1.148 -1.000 ± 1.347 -0.215 ± 0.452PTB 229075 0.535 0.561 1.257 1.019 1.059 0.970 1.186 1.389 0.634 - -0.776 ± 1.148 -1.056 ± 1.347 -0.270 ± 0.452VNIIFTRI 79 1.676 1.771 1.202 1.229 1.198 1.270 1.196 1.158 1.667 1.722 - -0.279 ± 1.651 0.506 ± 1.055VNIIFTRI 89 2.125 2.220 1.575 1.653 1.615 1.701 1.588 1.424 2.109 2.164 1.706 - 0.786 ± 1.269

KCRV 0.514 0.609 0.859 0.588 0.627 0.539 0.778 0.981 0.588 0.643 1.378 1.831 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 10/43





KCRV 1.754822 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.138 ± 0.388 -0.473 ± 0.638 -0.418 ± 0.493 -0.428 ± 0.493 -0.322 ± 0.493 -0.529 ± 0.590 -0.649 ± 0.590 0.049 ± 0.524 0.081 ± 0.524 -0.934 ± 1.041 -1.118 ± 1.243 -0.179 ± 0.275NIST A129 0.461 - -0.611 ± 0.638 -0.556 ± 0.493 -0.566 ± 0.493 -0.460 ± 0.493 -0.668 ± 0.590 -0.787 ± 0.590 -0.090 ± 0.524 -0.057 ± 0.524 -1.073 ± 1.041 -1.256 ± 1.243 -0.317 ± 0.275

NMiVSL 226246 0.998 1.136 - 0.055 ± 0.707 0.045 ± 0.707 0.151 ± 0.707 -0.056 ± 0.777 -0.176 ± 0.777 0.521 ± 0.729 0.554 ± 0.729 -0.461 ± 1.158 -0.645 ± 1.343 0.294 ± 0.576NPL 221481 0.823 0.961 0.698 - -0.010 ± 0.579 0.095 ± 0.579 -0.112 ± 0.663 -0.231 ± 0.663 0.466 ± 0.606 0.499 ± 0.606 -0.517 ± 1.085 -0.701 ± 1.280 0.238 ± 0.410NPL 221483 0.833 0.971 0.696 0.570 - 0.105 ± 0.579 -0.102 ± 0.663 -0.221 ± 0.663 0.476 ± 0.606 0.509 ± 0.606 -0.507 ± 1.085 -0.691 ± 1.280 0.248 ± 0.410NPL 221485 0.728 0.866 0.753 0.597 0.604 - -0.207 ± 0.663 -0.326 ± 0.663 0.371 ± 0.606 0.403 ± 0.606 -0.612 ± 1.085 -0.796 ± 1.280 0.143 ± 0.410NRC A138 1.014 1.152 0.767 0.685 0.679 0.761 - -0.119 ± 0.738 0.578 ± 0.686 0.610 ± 0.686 -0.405 ± 1.132 -0.589 ± 1.320 0.350 ± 0.522NRC A140 1.133 1.272 0.835 0.783 0.774 0.874 0.759 - 0.697 ± 0.686 0.730 ± 0.686 -0.286 ± 1.132 -0.470 ± 1.320 0.469 ± 0.522


KCRV 0.405 0.543 0.769 0.576 0.586 0.484 0.780 0.898 0.596 0.628 1.581 1.937 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 11/43





KCRV 1.996554 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.040 ± 0.376 -0.493 ± 0.630 -0.453 ± 0.479 -0.513 ± 0.479 -0.430 ± 0.479 -0.594 ± 0.581 -0.615 ± 0.581 0.049 ± 0.515 0.012 ± 0.515 -0.973 ± 0.991 -1.135 ± 1.189 -0.227 ± 0.266NIST A129 0.375 - -0.532 ± 0.630 -0.492 ± 0.479 -0.552 ± 0.479 -0.470 ± 0.479 -0.634 ± 0.581 -0.655 ± 0.581 0.010 ± 0.515 -0.027 ± 0.515 -1.012 ± 0.991 -1.174 ± 1.189 -0.266 ± 0.266

NMiVSL 226246 1.011 1.051 - 0.040 ± 0.697 -0.020 ± 0.697 0.063 ± 0.697 -0.102 ± 0.771 -0.123 ± 0.771 0.542 ± 0.722 0.505 ± 0.722 -0.480 ± 1.113 -0.642 ± 1.292 0.266 ± 0.572NPL 221481 0.847 0.887 0.685 - -0.060 ± 0.564 0.023 ± 0.564 -0.142 ± 0.653 -0.163 ± 0.653 0.502 ± 0.594 0.465 ± 0.594 -0.520 ± 1.035 -0.682 ± 1.225 0.226 ± 0.399NPL 221483 0.907 0.947 0.684 0.563 - 0.083 ± 0.564 -0.082 ± 0.653 -0.103 ± 0.653 0.562 ± 0.594 0.525 ± 0.594 -0.460 ± 1.035 -0.622 ± 1.225 0.286 ± 0.399NPL 221485 0.824 0.864 0.691 0.554 0.575 - -0.165 ± 0.653 -0.185 ± 0.653 0.479 ± 0.594 0.442 ± 0.594 -0.543 ± 1.035 -0.705 ± 1.225 0.203 ± 0.399NRC A138 1.072 1.112 0.779 0.697 0.658 0.715 - -0.021 ± 0.731 0.644 ± 0.679 0.607 ± 0.679 -0.378 ± 1.086 -0.540 ± 1.269 0.368 ± 0.517NRC A140 1.093 1.133 0.791 0.714 0.670 0.733 0.718 - 0.665 ± 0.679 0.628 ± 0.679 -0.357 ± 1.086 -0.519 ± 1.269 0.389 ± 0.517

PTB 229074 0.512 0.506 1.136 0.991 1.051 0.968 1.203 1.223 - -0.037 ± 0.623 -1.022 ± 1.052 -1.184 ± 1.240 -0.276 ± 0.441PTB 229075 0.505 0.506 1.099 0.954 1.014 0.931 1.166 1.186 0.613 - -0.985 ± 1.052 -1.147 ± 1.240 -0.239 ± 0.441VNIIFTRI 79 1.788 1.828 1.401 1.374 1.316 1.396 1.282 1.263 1.887 1.850 - -0.162 ± 1.502 0.746 ± 0.955VNIIFTRI 89 2.112 2.152 1.708 1.692 1.633 1.714 1.590 1.570 2.204 2.167 1.500 - 0.908 ± 1.159

KCRV 0.445 0.485 0.738 0.555 0.614 0.532 0.793 0.814 0.639 0.602 1.532 1.861 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 12/43



NMi-VSL 226246 2.248743 0.225 0.258 0.256 0.512 -0.5NPL 221481 2.248710 0.150 0.225 0.194 0.387 -0.5NPL 221483 2.248750 0.150 0.265 0.194 0.387 -0.5NPL 221485 2.248685 0.150 0.200 0.194 0.387 -0.5NRC A138 2.248713 0.225 0.228 0.256 0.512 -0.5NRC A140 2.248734 0.225 0.249 0.256 0.512 -0.5

PTB 229074 2.248321 0.180 -0.164 0.217 0.435 -0.5PTB 229075 2.248306 0.180 -0.179 0.217 0.435 -0.5VNIIFTRI 79 2.249248 0.435 0.763 0.452 0.904 -0.5VNIIFTRI 89 2.249363 0.538 0.878 0.551 1.102 -0.5NMIJ B271 2.248277 0.095 -0.208 0.155 0.309 -0.5NMIJ B310 2.248308 0.094 -0.177 0.154 0.308 -0.5

KCRV 2.248485 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMi-VSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 NMIJ B271 NMIJ B310 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.011 ± 0.363 -0.368 ± 0.573 -0.336 ± 0.465 -0.376 ± 0.465 -0.311 ± 0.465 -0.339 ± 0.573 -0.360 ± 0.573 0.053 ± 0.505 0.068 ± 0.505 -0.873 ± 0.939 -0.989 ± 1.132 0.097 ± 0.402 0.066 ± 0.401 -0.111 ± 0.256NIST A129 0.356 - -0.358 ± 0.573 -0.325 ± 0.465 -0.365 ± 0.465 -0.300 ± 0.465 -0.328 ± 0.573 -0.349 ± 0.573 0.064 ± 0.505 0.079 ± 0.505 -0.863 ± 0.939 -0.978 ± 1.132 0.108 ± 0.402 0.077 ± 0.401 -0.100 ± 0.256

NMi-VSL 226246 0.840 0.829 - 0.033 ± 0.642 -0.007 ± 0.642 0.057 ± 0.642 0.029 ± 0.724 0.009 ± 0.724 0.421 ± 0.672 0.437 ± 0.672 -0.505 ± 1.039 -0.621 ± 1.216 0.465 ± 0.598 0.435 ± 0.597 0.258 ± 0.512NPL 221481 0.718 0.707 0.631 - -0.040 ± 0.548 0.024 ± 0.548 -0.003 ± 0.642 -0.024 ± 0.642 0.388 ± 0.582 0.404 ± 0.582 -0.538 ± 0.983 -0.654 ± 1.169 0.432 ± 0.496 0.402 ± 0.495 0.225 ± 0.387NPL 221483 0.758 0.747 0.632 0.541 - 0.064 ± 0.548 0.037 ± 0.642 0.016 ± 0.642 0.428 ± 0.582 0.444 ± 0.582 -0.498 ± 0.983 -0.614 ± 1.169 0.472 ± 0.496 0.442 ± 0.495 0.265 ± 0.387NPL 221485 0.694 0.683 0.637 0.538 0.550 - -0.028 ± 0.642 -0.049 ± 0.642 0.364 ± 0.582 0.380 ± 0.582 -0.562 ± 0.983 -0.678 ± 1.169 0.408 ± 0.496 0.378 ± 0.495 0.200 ± 0.387NRC A138 0.811 0.800 0.711 0.633 0.631 0.630 - -0.021 ± 0.724 0.392 ± 0.672 0.407 ± 0.672 -0.534 ± 1.039 -0.650 ± 1.216 0.436 ± 0.598 0.405 ± 0.597 0.228 ± 0.512NRC A140 0.831 0.821 0.712 0.630 0.631 0.634 0.711 - 0.413 ± 0.672 0.428 ± 0.672 -0.514 ± 1.039 -0.629 ± 1.216 0.457 ± 0.598 0.426 ± 0.597 0.249 ± 0.512

PTB 229074 0.504 0.509 0.974 0.868 0.908 0.844 0.945 0.966 - 0.016 ± 0.615 -0.926 ± 1.003 -1.042 ± 1.185 0.044 ± 0.534 0.014 ± 0.533 -0.164 ± 0.435PTB 229075 0.511 0.518 0.990 0.883 0.923 0.859 0.961 0.981 0.604 - -0.942 ± 1.003 -1.058 ± 1.185 0.028 ± 0.534 -0.002 ± 0.533 -0.179 ± 0.435VNIIFTRI 79 1.646 1.635 1.363 1.349 1.309 1.373 1.391 1.371 1.751 1.767 - -0.116 ± 1.426 0.970 ± 0.955 0.940 ± 0.955 0.763 ± 0.904VNIIFTRI 89 1.920 1.910 1.624 1.617 1.577 1.641 1.653 1.632 2.017 2.033 1.410 - 1.086 ± 1.145 1.056 ± 1.145 0.878 ± 1.102NMIJ B271 0.437 0.446 0.957 0.840 0.880 0.816 0.928 0.949 0.528 0.525 1.756 2.028 - -0.030 ± 0.437 -0.208 ± 0.309NMIJ B310 0.413 0.421 0.927 0.809 0.849 0.785 0.897 0.918 0.523 0.526 1.725 1.997 0.430 - -0.177 ± 0.308

KCRV 0.323 0.313 0.680 0.544 0.584 0.520 0.652 0.672 0.525 0.540 1.506 1.785 0.462 0.431 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

i-VS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

NM

IJ B

271

NM

IJ B

310

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 13/43




PTB 229074 2.600646 0.180 -0.130 0.214 0.427 -0.5PTB 229075 2.600798 0.180 0.022 0.214 0.427 -0.5VNIIFTRI 79 2.601411 0.406 0.635 0.422 0.844 -0.5VNIIFTRI 89 2.601495 0.498 0.719 0.511 1.022 -0.5NMIJ B271 2.600793 0.084 0.017 0.142 0.285 -0.5NMIJ B310 2.600816 0.082 0.040 0.141 0.282 -0.5

KCRV 2.600776 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 NMIJ B271 NMIJ B310 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.006 ± 0.344 -0.219 ± 0.493 -0.184 ± 0.444 -0.199 ± 0.444 -0.220 ± 0.444 -0.212 ± 0.561 -0.253 ± 0.561 -0.004 ± 0.492 -0.155 ± 0.492 -0.769 ± 0.878 -0.852 ± 1.050 -0.151 ± 0.375 -0.174 ± 0.373 -0.134 ± 0.243NIST A129 0.338 - -0.214 ± 0.493 -0.179 ± 0.444 -0.194 ± 0.444 -0.215 ± 0.444 -0.206 ± 0.561 -0.248 ± 0.561 0.002 ± 0.492 -0.150 ± 0.492 -0.763 ± 0.878 -0.846 ± 1.050 -0.145 ± 0.375 -0.168 ± 0.373 -0.128 ± 0.243

NMiVSL 226246 0.627 0.621 - 0.035 ± 0.567 0.020 ± 0.567 -0.001 ± 0.567 0.008 ± 0.663 -0.034 ± 0.663 0.215 ± 0.605 0.064 ± 0.605 -0.549 ± 0.947 -0.633 ± 1.108 0.068 ± 0.515 0.046 ± 0.513 0.086 ± 0.429NPL 221481 0.552 0.547 0.558 - -0.015 ± 0.526 -0.036 ± 0.526 -0.028 ± 0.627 -0.069 ± 0.627 0.180 ± 0.566 0.029 ± 0.566 -0.584 ± 0.922 -0.668 ± 1.087 0.033 ± 0.468 0.011 ± 0.467 0.051 ± 0.372NPL 221483 0.567 0.561 0.557 0.516 - -0.021 ± 0.526 -0.013 ± 0.627 -0.054 ± 0.627 0.195 ± 0.566 0.044 ± 0.566 -0.569 ± 0.922 -0.653 ± 1.087 0.048 ± 0.468 0.026 ± 0.467 0.066 ± 0.372NPL 221485 0.587 0.581 0.560 0.518 0.516 - 0.009 ± 0.627 -0.033 ± 0.627 0.216 ± 0.566 0.065 ± 0.566 -0.548 ± 0.922 -0.632 ± 1.087 0.069 ± 0.468 0.047 ± 0.467 0.087 ± 0.372NRC A138 0.677 0.672 0.652 0.616 0.616 0.617 - -0.042 ± 0.715 0.208 ± 0.662 0.056 ± 0.662 -0.557 ± 0.984 -0.640 ± 1.140 0.061 ± 0.580 0.038 ± 0.579 0.078 ± 0.505NRC A140 0.717 0.712 0.651 0.628 0.622 0.617 0.703 - 0.250 ± 0.662 0.098 ± 0.662 -0.515 ± 0.984 -0.599 ± 1.140 0.103 ± 0.580 0.080 ± 0.579 0.120 ± 0.505

PTB 229074 0.484 0.485 0.719 0.653 0.667 0.686 0.761 0.799 - -0.152 ± 0.604 -0.765 ± 0.946 -0.848 ± 1.108 -0.147 ± 0.513 -0.170 ± 0.512 -0.130 ± 0.427PTB 229075 0.566 0.561 0.604 0.556 0.559 0.567 0.655 0.675 0.662 - -0.613 ± 0.946 -0.697 ± 1.108 0.005 ± 0.513 -0.018 ± 0.512 0.022 ± 0.427VNIIFTRI 79 1.491 1.485 1.329 1.344 1.329 1.308 1.368 1.326 1.543 1.392 - -0.084 ± 1.325 0.618 ± 0.891 0.595 ± 0.890 0.635 ± 0.844VNIIFTRI 89 1.716 1.711 1.546 1.564 1.549 1.528 1.580 1.539 1.760 1.609 1.305 - 0.701 ± 1.061 0.679 ± 1.060 0.719 ± 1.022NMIJ B271 0.461 0.456 0.521 0.462 0.467 0.478 0.579 0.603 0.578 0.506 1.351 1.575 - -0.023 ± 0.401 0.017 ± 0.285NMIJ B310 0.482 0.476 0.509 0.459 0.459 0.465 0.570 0.587 0.597 0.503 1.328 1.552 0.394 - 0.040 ± 0.282

KCRV 0.334 0.328 0.452 0.377 0.386 0.402 0.518 0.548 0.487 0.420 1.329 1.560 0.280 0.287 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

NM

IJ B

271

NM

IJ B

310

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 14/43



NMiVSL 226246 2.700027 0.169 0.116 0.204 0.408 -0.5NPL 221481 2.699890 0.147 -0.021 0.187 0.373 -0.5NPL 221483 2.699940 0.147 0.029 0.187 0.373 -0.5NPL 221485 2.699849 0.147 -0.062 0.187 0.373 -0.5NRC A138 2.699987 0.225 0.076 0.253 0.505 -0.5NRC A140 2.700099 0.225 0.188 0.253 0.505 -0.5


KCRV 2.699911 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 NMIJ B271 NMIJ B310 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.147 ± 0.344 -0.129 ± 0.475 0.008 ± 0.446 -0.042 ± 0.446 0.049 ± 0.446 -0.089 ± 0.561 -0.200 ± 0.561 0.104 ± 0.491 -0.038 ± 0.491 -0.564 ± 0.871 -0.704 ± 1.028 -0.030 ± 0.375 -0.041 ± 0.372 -0.012 ± 0.243NIST A129 0.431 - -0.275 ± 0.475 -0.138 ± 0.446 -0.188 ± 0.446 -0.097 ± 0.446 -0.236 ± 0.561 -0.347 ± 0.561 -0.042 ± 0.491 -0.184 ± 0.491 -0.711 ± 0.871 -0.851 ± 1.028 -0.176 ± 0.375 -0.188 ± 0.372 -0.159 ± 0.243

NMiVSL 226246 0.528 0.667 - 0.137 ± 0.553 0.087 ± 0.553 0.178 ± 0.553 0.040 ± 0.649 -0.072 ± 0.649 0.233 ± 0.590 0.091 ± 0.590 -0.436 ± 0.930 -0.575 ± 1.079 0.099 ± 0.498 0.088 ± 0.496 0.116 ± 0.408NPL 221481 0.438 0.511 0.604 - -0.050 ± 0.528 0.041 ± 0.528 -0.097 ± 0.628 -0.209 ± 0.628 0.096 ± 0.567 -0.046 ± 0.567 -0.573 ± 0.916 -0.712 ± 1.066 -0.038 ± 0.470 -0.049 ± 0.468 -0.021 ± 0.373NPL 221483 0.443 0.557 0.567 0.525 - 0.091 ± 0.528 -0.047 ± 0.628 -0.159 ± 0.628 0.146 ± 0.567 0.004 ± 0.567 -0.523 ± 0.916 -0.662 ± 1.066 0.012 ± 0.470 0.001 ± 0.468 0.029 ± 0.373NPL 221485 0.446 0.476 0.640 0.522 0.547 - -0.138 ± 0.628 -0.250 ± 0.628 0.055 ± 0.567 -0.087 ± 0.567 -0.614 ± 0.916 -0.753 ± 1.066 -0.079 ± 0.470 -0.090 ± 0.468 -0.062 ± 0.373NRC A138 0.576 0.700 0.639 0.643 0.620 0.672 - -0.111 ± 0.714 0.193 ± 0.661 0.051 ± 0.661 -0.476 ± 0.977 -0.615 ± 1.119 0.059 ± 0.580 0.048 ± 0.579 0.076 ± 0.505NRC A140 0.667 0.809 0.649 0.732 0.689 0.771 0.732 - 0.305 ± 0.661 0.162 ± 0.661 -0.364 ± 0.977 -0.504 ± 1.119 0.171 ± 0.580 0.159 ± 0.579 0.188 ± 0.505


KCRV 0.239 0.359 0.458 0.367 0.369 0.385 0.516 0.607 0.476 0.420 1.240 1.513 0.281 0.281 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

NM

IJ B

271

NM

IJ B

310

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 15/43



NMiVSL 226246 2.896816 0.144 0.083 0.184 0.368 -0.5NPL 221481 2.896790 0.150 0.057 0.188 0.377 -0.5NPL 221483 2.896800 0.150 0.067 0.188 0.377 -0.5NPL 221485 2.896663 0.150 -0.070 0.188 0.377 -0.5NRC A138 2.896787 0.225 0.054 0.252 0.505 -0.5NRC A140 2.896897 0.225 0.164 0.252 0.505 -0.5


KCRV 2.896733 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 NMIJ B271 NMIJ B310 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.135 ± 0.343 -0.136 ± 0.440 -0.111 ± 0.448 -0.121 ± 0.448 0.017 ± 0.448 -0.108 ± 0.560 -0.218 ± 0.560 0.168 ± 0.490 -0.114 ± 0.490 -0.593 ± 0.856 -0.687 ± 0.983 -0.070 ± 0.370 -0.170 ± 0.373 -0.054 ± 0.242NIST A129 0.419 - -0.272 ± 0.440 -0.246 ± 0.448 -0.256 ± 0.448 -0.118 ± 0.448 -0.243 ± 0.560 -0.353 ± 0.560 0.033 ± 0.490 -0.249 ± 0.490 -0.728 ± 0.856 -0.823 ± 0.983 -0.205 ± 0.370 -0.305 ± 0.373 -0.189 ± 0.242

NMiVSL 226246 0.504 0.634 - 0.026 ± 0.526 0.016 ± 0.526 0.153 ± 0.526 0.029 ± 0.624 -0.081 ± 0.624 0.304 ± 0.563 0.023 ± 0.563 -0.457 ± 0.899 -0.551 ± 1.021 0.066 ± 0.462 -0.034 ± 0.464 0.083 ± 0.368NPL 221481 0.489 0.615 0.517 - -0.010 ± 0.533 0.128 ± 0.533 0.003 ± 0.630 -0.107 ± 0.630 0.279 ± 0.569 -0.003 ± 0.569 -0.482 ± 0.903 -0.577 ± 1.024 0.041 ± 0.470 -0.059 ± 0.472 0.057 ± 0.377NPL 221483 0.498 0.625 0.517 0.524 - 0.138 ± 0.533 0.013 ± 0.630 -0.097 ± 0.630 0.289 ± 0.569 0.007 ± 0.569 -0.472 ± 0.903 -0.567 ± 1.024 0.051 ± 0.470 -0.049 ± 0.472 0.067 ± 0.377NPL 221485 0.440 0.496 0.594 0.579 0.587 - -0.125 ± 0.630 -0.235 ± 0.630 0.151 ± 0.569 -0.131 ± 0.569 -0.610 ± 0.903 -0.704 ± 1.024 -0.087 ± 0.470 -0.187 ± 0.472 -0.070 ± 0.377NRC A138 0.588 0.706 0.613 0.621 0.619 0.664 - -0.110 ± 0.714 0.275 ± 0.661 -0.006 ± 0.661 -0.485 ± 0.963 -0.580 ± 1.078 0.038 ± 0.577 -0.062 ± 0.579 0.054 ± 0.505NRC A140 0.682 0.814 0.631 0.651 0.645 0.758 0.731 - 0.385 ± 0.661 0.104 ± 0.661 -0.375 ± 0.963 -0.470 ± 1.078 0.148 ± 0.577 0.047 ± 0.579 0.164 ± 0.505


KCRV 0.259 0.388 0.395 0.385 0.392 0.394 0.504 0.585 0.573 0.433 1.215 1.418 0.276 0.352 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

NM

IJ B

271

NM

IJ B

310

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 16/43



NMiVSL 226246 2.996750 0.131 0.102 0.174 0.347 -0.5NPL 221481 2.996710 0.151 0.062 0.189 0.379 -0.5NPL 221485 2.996632 0.151 -0.016 0.189 0.379 -0.5NRC A138 2.996624 0.225 -0.024 0.252 0.504 -0.5NRC A140 2.996781 0.225 0.133 0.252 0.504 -0.5

PTB 229074 2.996582 0.180 -0.066 0.213 0.426 -0.5PTB 229075 2.996720 0.180 0.072 0.213 0.426 -0.5NMIJ B271 2.996679 0.082 0.031 0.140 0.281 -0.5NMIJ B310 2.996688 0.080 0.040 0.139 0.279 -0.5

KCRV 2.996648 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 NMIJ B271 NMIJ B310 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.004 ± 0.343 -0.178 ± 0.423 -0.138 ± 0.450 -0.061 ± 0.450 -0.052 ± 0.560 -0.209 ± 0.560 -0.010 ± 0.490 -0.149 ± 0.490 -0.107 ± 0.371 -0.116 ± 0.369 -0.076 ± 0.242NIST A129 0.337 - -0.174 ± 0.423 -0.134 ± 0.450 -0.057 ± 0.450 -0.048 ± 0.560 -0.205 ± 0.560 -0.007 ± 0.490 -0.145 ± 0.490 -0.103 ± 0.371 -0.112 ± 0.369 -0.072 ± 0.242

NMiVSL 226246 0.529 0.525 - 0.040 ± 0.514 0.118 ± 0.514 0.126 ± 0.612 -0.031 ± 0.612 0.168 ± 0.550 0.030 ± 0.550 0.071 ± 0.447 0.062 ± 0.445 0.102 ± 0.347NPL 221481 0.514 0.510 0.508 - 0.077 ± 0.536 0.086 ± 0.631 -0.071 ± 0.631 0.127 ± 0.570 -0.011 ± 0.570 0.031 ± 0.472 0.022 ± 0.470 0.062 ± 0.379NPL 221485 0.455 0.453 0.554 0.545 - 0.009 ± 0.631 -0.148 ± 0.631 0.050 ± 0.570 -0.088 ± 0.570 -0.046 ± 0.472 -0.055 ± 0.470 -0.016 ± 0.379NRC A138 0.556 0.554 0.649 0.639 0.620 - -0.157 ± 0.713 0.042 ± 0.660 -0.097 ± 0.660 -0.055 ± 0.577 -0.064 ± 0.576 -0.024 ± 0.504NRC A140 0.674 0.670 0.602 0.632 0.683 0.763 - 0.198 ± 0.660 0.060 ± 0.660 0.102 ± 0.577 0.093 ± 0.576 0.133 ± 0.504

PTB 229074 0.482 0.482 0.628 0.612 0.565 0.650 0.751 - -0.138 ± 0.603 -0.097 ± 0.510 -0.106 ± 0.509 -0.066 ± 0.426PTB 229075 0.559 0.555 0.540 0.560 0.584 0.673 0.655 0.649 - 0.042 ± 0.510 0.033 ± 0.509 0.072 ± 0.426NMIJ B271 0.418 0.415 0.459 0.464 0.469 0.574 0.599 0.535 0.505 - -0.009 ± 0.396 0.031 ± 0.281NMIJ B310 0.424 0.421 0.452 0.462 0.472 0.577 0.593 0.540 0.501 0.389 - 0.040 ± 0.279

KCRV 0.279 0.275 0.393 0.390 0.372 0.495 0.557 0.436 0.441 0.281 0.283 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

NM

IJ B

271

NM

IJ B

310

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 17/43



NMiVSL 226246 3.099533 0.130 0.135 0.173 0.346 -0.5NPL 221481 3.099520 0.153 0.122 0.190 0.381 -0.5NPL 221483 3.099480 0.153 0.082 0.190 0.381 -0.5NPL 221485 3.099376 0.153 -0.022 0.190 0.381 -0.5NRC A138 3.099336 0.225 -0.062 0.252 0.504 -0.5NRC A140 3.099494 0.225 0.096 0.252 0.504 -0.5


KCRV 3.099398 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5


Matrix of equivalences Differences and uncertainties above the diagonal: (T i - Tj) ± Uij / mKQDE-0.95 values below the diagonal QDE-0.95 = |Ti - Tj| + 1.645 + 0.3295 exp [-4.05 (|Ti - Tj|)/uij] uij

Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 NMIJ B271 NMIJ B310 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.101 ± 0.342 -0.218 ± 0.422 -0.205 ± 0.451 -0.165 ± 0.451 -0.062 ± 0.451 -0.021 ± 0.559 -0.180 ± 0.559 -0.029 ± 0.490 -0.188 ± 0.490 -0.479 ± 0.851 -0.555 ± 0.962 -0.095 ± 0.370 -0.125 ± 0.369 -0.084 ± 0.242NIST A129 0.388 - -0.320 ± 0.422 -0.307 ± 0.451 -0.267 ± 0.451 -0.163 ± 0.451 -0.123 ± 0.559 -0.281 ± 0.559 -0.130 ± 0.490 -0.289 ± 0.490 -0.580 ± 0.851 -0.656 ± 0.962 -0.196 ± 0.370 -0.227 ± 0.369 -0.185 ± 0.242

NMiVSL 226246 0.566 0.667 - 0.013 ± 0.514 0.053 ± 0.514 0.157 ± 0.514 0.197 ± 0.611 0.038 ± 0.611 0.189 ± 0.548 0.030 ± 0.548 -0.261 ± 0.886 -0.336 ± 0.993 0.124 ± 0.445 0.093 ± 0.444 0.135 ± 0.346NPL 221481 0.578 0.678 0.505 - 0.040 ± 0.538 0.144 ± 0.538 0.184 ± 0.632 0.026 ± 0.632 0.176 ± 0.571 0.017 ± 0.571 -0.274 ± 0.900 -0.349 ± 1.005 0.111 ± 0.473 0.080 ± 0.471 0.122 ± 0.381NPL 221483 0.540 0.638 0.513 0.531 - 0.104 ± 0.538 0.144 ± 0.632 -0.014 ± 0.632 0.136 ± 0.571 -0.023 ± 0.571 -0.314 ± 0.900 -0.389 ± 1.005 0.071 ± 0.473 0.040 ± 0.471 0.082 ± 0.381NPL 221485 0.457 0.538 0.587 0.597 0.565 - 0.040 ± 0.632 -0.118 ± 0.632 0.032 ± 0.571 -0.127 ± 0.571 -0.417 ± 0.900 -0.493 ± 1.005 -0.033 ± 0.473 -0.064 ± 0.471 -0.022 ± 0.381NRC A138 0.549 0.598 0.707 0.713 0.680 0.622 - -0.158 ± 0.713 -0.008 ± 0.660 -0.167 ± 0.660 -0.458 ± 0.959 -0.533 ± 1.058 -0.073 ± 0.577 -0.104 ± 0.576 -0.062 ± 0.504NRC A140 0.647 0.743 0.602 0.620 0.621 0.661 0.764 - 0.151 ± 0.660 -0.008 ± 0.660 -0.299 ± 0.959 -0.375 ± 1.058 0.085 ± 0.577 0.055 ± 0.576 0.096 ± 0.504

PTB 229074 0.482 0.542 0.646 0.654 0.620 0.562 0.649 0.711 - -0.159 ± 0.602 -0.450 ± 0.920 -0.525 ± 1.023 -0.065 ± 0.510 -0.096 ± 0.509 -0.055 ± 0.426PTB 229075 0.595 0.693 0.539 0.561 0.561 0.612 0.724 0.649 0.666 - -0.291 ± 0.920 -0.366 ± 1.023 0.094 ± 0.510 0.063 ± 0.509 0.104 ± 0.426VNIIFTRI 79 1.180 1.280 1.003 1.026 1.063 1.161 1.249 1.100 1.209 1.059 - -0.076 ± 1.237 0.384 ± 0.862 0.354 ± 0.862 0.395 ± 0.816VNIIFTRI 89 1.347 1.447 1.163 1.186 1.223 1.323 1.407 1.255 1.370 1.217 1.218 - 0.460 ± 0.972 0.429 ± 0.971 0.471 ± 0.931NMIJ B271 0.407 0.501 0.498 0.511 0.483 0.466 0.582 0.589 0.515 0.532 1.098 1.263 - -0.031 ± 0.395 0.011 ± 0.280NMIJ B310 0.432 0.530 0.471 0.487 0.467 0.477 0.600 0.572 0.533 0.512 1.067 1.233 0.390 - 0.042 ± 0.278

KCRV 0.285 0.384 0.421 0.439 0.406 0.374 0.508 0.529 0.430 0.464 1.069 1.239 0.275 0.284 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

NM

IJ B

271

NM

IJ B

310

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 18/43



NMiVSL 226246 3.400396 0.127 0.161 0.170 0.341 -0.5NPL 221481 3.400390 0.157 0.155 0.193 0.386 -0.5NPL 221483 3.400290 0.157 0.055 0.193 0.386 -0.5NPL 221485 3.400242 0.157 0.007 0.193 0.386 -0.5NRC A138 3.400163 0.225 -0.072 0.252 0.504 -0.5NRC A140 3.400390 0.225 0.155 0.252 0.504 -0.5

PTB 229074 3.400225 0.180 -0.010 0.213 0.425 -0.5PTB 229075 3.400352 0.180 0.117 0.213 0.425 -0.5VNIIFTRI 79 3.400410 0.396 0.175 0.412 0.824 -0.5VNIIFTRI 89 3.400480 0.455 0.245 0.469 0.937 -0.5NMIJ B271 3.400259 0.082 0.024 0.140 0.279 -0.5NMIJ B310 3.400234 0.081 -0.001 0.139 0.278 -0.5

KCRV 3.400235 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5




NMiVSL 226246 0.586 0.691 - 0.007 ± 0.515 0.107 ± 0.515 0.154 ± 0.515 0.233 ± 0.608 0.006 ± 0.608 0.172 ± 0.545 0.044 ± 0.545 -0.013 ± 0.892 -0.083 ± 0.997 0.137 ± 0.440 0.162 ± 0.440 0.161 ± 0.341NPL 221481 0.611 0.715 0.506 - 0.100 ± 0.546 0.148 ± 0.546 0.227 ± 0.635 0.000 ± 0.635 0.165 ± 0.574 0.037 ± 0.574 -0.020 ± 0.910 -0.090 ± 1.014 0.130 ± 0.476 0.156 ± 0.476 0.155 ± 0.386NPL 221483 0.516 0.616 0.546 0.569 - 0.048 ± 0.546 0.127 ± 0.635 -0.100 ± 0.635 0.065 ± 0.574 -0.063 ± 0.574 -0.120 ± 0.910 -0.190 ± 1.014 0.030 ± 0.476 0.056 ± 0.476 0.055 ± 0.386NPL 221485 0.478 0.570 0.585 0.607 0.541 - 0.079 ± 0.635 -0.148 ± 0.635 0.017 ± 0.574 -0.110 ± 0.574 -0.168 ± 0.910 -0.237 ± 1.014 -0.017 ± 0.476 0.008 ± 0.476 0.007 ± 0.386NRC A138 0.549 0.591 0.738 0.754 0.669 0.639 - -0.227 ± 0.712 -0.062 ± 0.659 -0.189 ± 0.659 -0.247 ± 0.966 -0.316 ± 1.064 -0.096 ± 0.576 -0.071 ± 0.575 -0.072 ± 0.504NRC A140 0.698 0.801 0.598 0.626 0.651 0.686 0.822 - 0.165 ± 0.659 0.038 ± 0.659 -0.020 ± 0.966 -0.089 ± 1.064 0.131 ± 0.576 0.156 ± 0.575 0.155 ± 0.504

PTB 229074 0.497 0.582 0.627 0.647 0.575 0.564 0.655 0.722 - -0.128 ± 0.601 -0.185 ± 0.927 -0.255 ± 1.029 -0.035 ± 0.509 -0.009 ± 0.508 -0.010 ± 0.425PTB 229075 0.603 0.706 0.539 0.566 0.574 0.602 0.742 0.648 0.640 - -0.058 ± 0.927 -0.127 ± 1.029 0.093 ± 0.509 0.118 ± 0.508 0.117 ± 0.425VNIIFTRI 79 0.974 1.072 0.877 0.894 0.920 0.950 1.061 0.949 0.978 0.913 - -0.070 ± 1.248 0.150 ± 0.870 0.176 ± 0.870 0.175 ± 0.824VNIIFTRI 89 1.132 1.231 0.987 1.005 1.060 1.096 1.207 1.053 1.124 1.036 1.227 - 0.220 ± 0.978 0.245 ± 0.978 0.245 ± 0.937NMIJ B271 0.414 0.515 0.505 0.531 0.469 0.468 0.594 0.619 0.501 0.530 0.902 1.051 - 0.025 ± 0.394 0.024 ± 0.279NMIJ B310 0.393 0.489 0.528 0.552 0.477 0.468 0.579 0.640 0.499 0.549 0.919 1.071 0.388 - -0.001 ± 0.278

KCRV 0.281 0.385 0.443 0.475 0.392 0.379 0.512 0.576 0.417 0.474 0.877 1.034 0.277 0.274 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

NM

IJ B

271

NM

IJ B

310

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 19/43



NMiVSL 226246 3.429411 0.127 0.161 0.170 0.340 -0.5NPL 221481 3.429460 0.157 0.210 0.193 0.387 -0.5NPL 221485 3.429250 0.157 0.000 0.193 0.387 -0.5NRC A138 3.429182 0.225 -0.068 0.252 0.503 -0.5NRC A140 3.429382 0.225 0.132 0.252 0.503 -0.5

PTB 229074 3.429166 0.180 -0.084 0.212 0.425 -0.5PTB 229075 3.429333 0.180 0.083 0.212 0.425 -0.5NMIJ B271 3.429255 0.082 0.005 0.140 0.279 -0.5NMIJ B310 3.429244 0.081 -0.006 0.139 0.278 -0.5

KCRV 3.429250 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 NMIJ B271 NMIJ B310 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.066 ± 0.340 -0.217 ± 0.417 -0.266 ± 0.455 -0.055 ± 0.455 0.013 ± 0.558 -0.187 ± 0.558 0.029 ± 0.488 -0.138 ± 0.488 -0.060 ± 0.369 -0.050 ± 0.368 -0.055 ± 0.241NIST A129 0.357 - -0.282 ± 0.417 -0.331 ± 0.455 -0.121 ± 0.455 -0.053 ± 0.558 -0.253 ± 0.558 -0.037 ± 0.488 -0.204 ± 0.488 -0.126 ± 0.369 -0.115 ± 0.368 -0.121 ± 0.241

NMiVSL 226246 0.560 0.625 - -0.049 ± 0.515 0.161 ± 0.515 0.229 ± 0.608 0.029 ± 0.608 0.245 ± 0.544 0.078 ± 0.544 0.156 ± 0.440 0.167 ± 0.439 0.161 ± 0.340NPL 221481 0.641 0.706 0.512 - 0.210 ± 0.547 0.279 ± 0.635 0.078 ± 0.635 0.294 ± 0.575 0.127 ± 0.575 0.205 ± 0.477 0.216 ± 0.476 0.210 ± 0.387NPL 221485 0.458 0.504 0.591 0.664 - 0.068 ± 0.635 -0.132 ± 0.635 0.084 ± 0.575 -0.083 ± 0.575 -0.005 ± 0.477 0.006 ± 0.476 0.000 ± 0.387NRC A138 0.548 0.555 0.734 0.804 0.634 - -0.200 ± 0.712 0.016 ± 0.659 -0.151 ± 0.659 -0.073 ± 0.576 -0.062 ± 0.575 -0.068 ± 0.503NRC A140 0.652 0.714 0.597 0.639 0.673 0.798 - 0.216 ± 0.659 0.049 ± 0.659 0.127 ± 0.576 0.138 ± 0.575 0.132 ± 0.503

PTB 229074 0.480 0.482 0.695 0.768 0.585 0.647 0.765 - -0.167 ± 0.601 -0.089 ± 0.508 -0.078 ± 0.508 -0.084 ± 0.425PTB 229075 0.548 0.608 0.554 0.616 0.585 0.710 0.650 0.672 - 0.078 ± 0.508 0.089 ± 0.508 0.083 ± 0.425NMIJ B271 0.380 0.433 0.522 0.600 0.469 0.581 0.616 0.527 0.520 - 0.011 ± 0.394 0.005 ± 0.279NMIJ B310 0.372 0.422 0.532 0.610 0.469 0.575 0.624 0.520 0.527 0.387 - -0.006 ± 0.278

KCRV 0.259 0.320 0.442 0.529 0.382 0.510 0.556 0.448 0.447 0.274 0.273 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

NM

IJ B

271

NM

IJ B

310

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 20/43



NMiVSL 226246 3.801097 0.124 0.194 0.167 0.334 -0.5NPL 221481 3.801025 0.162 0.122 0.197 0.394 -0.5NPL 221483 3.800935 0.162 0.032 0.197 0.394 -0.5NPL 221485 3.800972 0.162 0.069 0.197 0.394 -0.5NRC A138 3.800894 0.225 -0.009 0.251 0.503 -0.5NRC A140 3.800958 0.225 0.055 0.251 0.503 -0.5


KCRV 3.800903 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5




NMiVSL 226246 0.681 0.704 - 0.073 ± 0.516 0.163 ± 0.516 0.125 ± 0.516 0.203 ± 0.603 0.139 ± 0.603 0.299 ± 0.540 0.094 ± 0.540 0.090 ± 0.900 -0.040 ± 1.003 0.136 ± 0.437 0.106 ± 0.436 0.194 ± 0.334NPL 221481 0.650 0.673 0.524 - 0.090 ± 0.556 0.053 ± 0.556 0.130 ± 0.638 0.067 ± 0.638 0.227 ± 0.578 0.021 ± 0.578 0.017 ± 0.924 -0.112 ± 1.025 0.063 ± 0.484 0.033 ± 0.483 0.122 ± 0.394NPL 221483 0.562 0.584 0.594 0.572 - -0.037 ± 0.556 0.040 ± 0.638 -0.023 ± 0.638 0.137 ± 0.578 -0.069 ± 0.578 -0.073 ± 0.924 -0.202 ± 1.025 -0.027 ± 0.484 -0.057 ± 0.483 0.032 ± 0.394NPL 221485 0.598 0.621 0.562 0.553 0.548 - 0.078 ± 0.638 0.014 ± 0.638 0.174 ± 0.578 -0.032 ± 0.578 -0.036 ± 0.924 -0.165 ± 1.025 0.010 ± 0.484 -0.019 ± 0.483 0.069 ± 0.394NRC A138 0.610 0.630 0.706 0.676 0.628 0.642 - -0.064 ± 0.711 0.096 ± 0.658 -0.109 ± 0.658 -0.113 ± 0.975 -0.243 ± 1.071 -0.068 ± 0.576 -0.097 ± 0.575 -0.009 ± 0.503NRC A140 0.666 0.688 0.651 0.637 0.627 0.627 0.705 - 0.160 ± 0.658 -0.046 ± 0.658 -0.050 ± 0.975 -0.179 ± 1.071 -0.004 ± 0.576 -0.033 ± 0.575 0.055 ± 0.503

PTB 229074 0.483 0.494 0.744 0.706 0.627 0.658 0.670 0.716 - -0.206 ± 0.600 -0.210 ± 0.937 -0.339 ± 1.037 -0.164 ± 0.509 -0.193 ± 0.508 -0.105 ± 0.424PTB 229075 0.651 0.674 0.559 0.568 0.581 0.569 0.678 0.648 0.705 - -0.004 ± 0.937 -0.133 ± 1.037 0.042 ± 0.509 0.012 ± 0.508 0.100 ± 0.424VNIIFTRI 79 0.982 1.002 0.896 0.908 0.913 0.907 0.978 0.958 1.006 0.924 - -0.129 ± 1.262 0.046 ± 0.882 0.016 ± 0.881 0.105 ± 0.836VNIIFTRI 89 1.192 1.214 0.985 1.025 1.079 1.054 1.152 1.106 1.204 1.046 1.258 - 0.175 ± 0.987 0.146 ± 0.987 0.234 ± 0.946NMIJ B271 0.512 0.535 0.500 0.488 0.476 0.475 0.578 0.567 0.588 0.503 0.866 1.026 - -0.029 ± 0.397 0.059 ± 0.281NMIJ B310 0.540 0.563 0.474 0.476 0.485 0.474 0.594 0.566 0.615 0.499 0.866 1.006 0.392 - 0.088 ± 0.280

KCRV 0.345 0.369 0.469 0.451 0.389 0.408 0.494 0.503 0.463 0.459 0.842 1.033 0.299 0.322 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

NM

IJ B

271

NM

IJ B

310

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 21/43



NMiVSL 226246 4.224827 0.122 0.033 0.165 0.330 -0.5NPL 221481 4.224760 0.167 -0.034 0.201 0.401 -0.5NPL 221483 4.224731 0.167 -0.063 0.201 0.401 -0.5NPL 221485 4.224823 0.167 0.029 0.201 0.401 -0.5NRC A138 4.224794 0.225 0.000 0.251 0.502 -0.5NRC A140 4.224867 0.225 0.073 0.251 0.502 -0.5


KCRV 4.224794 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5


Specimen calculation of Uij and QDE0.95: for NIST A129 and NMI/VSL 226246 pair uncert up 0.2034 0.4068difference m2 - m1 -0.14620.3295 * exp[…] 0.0179QDE-0.95 0.4844


Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 NMIJ B271 NMIJ B310 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.033 ± 0.336 -0.114 ± 0.407 -0.046 ± 0.466 -0.018 ± 0.466 -0.110 ± 0.466 -0.081 ± 0.555 -0.154 ± 0.555 0.009 ± 0.485 -0.087 ± 0.485 -0.195 ± 0.881 -0.351 ± 0.985 -0.214 ± 0.370 -0.210 ± 0.369 -0.081 ± 0.238NIST A129 0.334 - -0.146 ± 0.407 -0.079 ± 0.466 -0.051 ± 0.466 -0.143 ± 0.466 -0.114 ± 0.555 -0.186 ± 0.555 -0.023 ± 0.485 -0.120 ± 0.485 -0.228 ± 0.881 -0.383 ± 0.985 -0.247 ± 0.370 -0.243 ± 0.369 -0.114 ± 0.238

NMiVSL 226246 0.455 0.484 - 0.067 ± 0.519 0.095 ± 0.519 0.003 ± 0.519 0.033 ± 0.601 -0.040 ± 0.601 0.123 ± 0.537 0.026 ± 0.537 -0.082 ± 0.910 -0.237 ± 1.011 -0.101 ± 0.435 -0.097 ± 0.434 0.033 ± 0.330NPL 221481 0.464 0.482 0.524 - 0.028 ± 0.567 -0.064 ± 0.567 -0.035 ± 0.642 -0.107 ± 0.642 0.056 ± 0.583 -0.041 ± 0.583 -0.149 ± 0.938 -0.304 ± 1.036 -0.168 ± 0.491 -0.164 ± 0.490 -0.034 ± 0.401NPL 221483 0.458 0.466 0.542 0.557 - -0.092 ± 0.567 -0.063 ± 0.642 -0.135 ± 0.642 0.028 ± 0.583 -0.069 ± 0.583 -0.177 ± 0.938 -0.332 ± 1.036 -0.196 ± 0.491 -0.192 ± 0.490 -0.063 ± 0.401NPL 221485 0.505 0.533 0.512 0.568 0.584 - 0.029 ± 0.642 -0.043 ± 0.642 0.120 ± 0.583 0.023 ± 0.583 -0.085 ± 0.938 -0.240 ± 1.036 -0.104 ± 0.491 -0.100 ± 0.490 0.029 ± 0.401NRC A138 0.566 0.588 0.590 0.631 0.639 0.631 - -0.073 ± 0.710 0.090 ± 0.656 -0.006 ± 0.656 -0.114 ± 0.985 -0.270 ± 1.079 -0.133 ± 0.576 -0.129 ± 0.576 0.000 ± 0.502NRC A140 0.620 0.649 0.592 0.663 0.683 0.633 0.707 - 0.163 ± 0.656 0.067 ± 0.656 -0.041 ± 0.985 -0.197 ± 1.079 -0.061 ± 0.576 -0.056 ± 0.576 0.073 ± 0.502

PTB 229074 0.477 0.477 0.578 0.579 0.572 0.617 0.665 0.717 - -0.096 ± 0.598 -0.204 ± 0.948 -0.360 ± 1.045 -0.224 ± 0.509 -0.219 ± 0.508 -0.090 ± 0.423PTB 229075 0.505 0.530 0.527 0.575 0.585 0.572 0.646 0.654 0.615 - -0.108 ± 0.948 -0.264 ± 1.045 -0.127 ± 0.509 -0.123 ± 0.508 0.006 ± 0.423VNIIFTRI 79 0.944 0.970 0.903 0.963 0.982 0.931 0.988 0.967 1.011 0.950 - -0.155 ± 1.278 -0.019 ± 0.894 -0.015 ± 0.894 0.114 ± 0.848VNIIFTRI 89 1.170 1.200 1.094 1.172 1.197 1.119 1.181 1.125 1.230 1.145 1.285 - 0.136 ± 0.997 0.140 ± 0.996 0.270 ± 0.956NMIJ B271 0.519 0.552 0.470 0.577 0.603 0.522 0.622 0.575 0.645 0.557 0.878 1.010 - 0.004 ± 0.400 0.134 ± 0.283NMIJ B310 0.514 0.546 0.466 0.572 0.598 0.519 0.618 0.573 0.640 0.553 0.879 1.012 0.393 - 0.129 ± 0.282

KCRV 0.279 0.310 0.329 0.397 0.411 0.396 0.495 0.511 0.450 0.416 0.859 1.072 0.368 0.362 -


NIS

T A

128

NIS

T A

129

NM

iVS

L 22

6246

NP

L 22

1481

NP

L 22

1483

NP

L 22

1485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

229

074

PTB

229

075

VN

IIFTR

I 79

VN

IIFTR

I 89

NM

IJ B

271

NM

IJ B

310

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 22/43



NMiVSL 226246 4.477459 0.206 -0.063 0.234 0.468 -0.5NPL 221481 4.477410 0.210 -0.112 0.238 0.476 -0.5NPL 221483 4.477489 0.201 -0.033 0.230 0.460 -0.5NPL 221485 4.477502 0.201 -0.020 0.230 0.460 -0.5NRC A138 4.477701 0.550 0.179 0.561 1.123 -0.5NRC A140 4.478134 0.550 0.612 0.561 1.123 -0.5


KCRV 4.477522 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.001 ± 0.339 0.086 ± 0.526 0.135 ± 0.533 0.056 ± 0.519 0.043 ± 0.519 -0.156 ± 1.148 -0.589 ± 1.148 0.070 ± 0.487 0.139 ± 0.487 -0.129 ± 0.889 -0.246 ± 0.991 0.023 ± 0.240NIST A129 0.334 - 0.087 ± 0.526 0.136 ± 0.533 0.057 ± 0.519 0.044 ± 0.519 -0.155 ± 1.148 -0.588 ± 1.148 0.071 ± 0.487 0.140 ± 0.487 -0.128 ± 0.889 -0.245 ± 0.991 0.024 ± 0.240

NMiVSL 226246 0.542 0.542 - 0.049 ± 0.668 -0.030 ± 0.656 -0.043 ± 0.656 -0.242 ± 1.216 -0.675 ± 1.216 -0.016 ± 0.632 0.053 ± 0.632 -0.215 ± 0.976 -0.332 ± 1.070 -0.063 ± 0.468NPL 221481 0.584 0.585 0.659 - -0.078 ± 0.662 -0.091 ± 0.662 -0.290 ± 1.219 -0.724 ± 1.219 -0.064 ± 0.638 0.005 ± 0.638 -0.264 ± 0.980 -0.381 ± 1.073 -0.112 ± 0.476NPL 221483 0.519 0.519 0.645 0.665 - -0.013 ± 0.651 -0.212 ± 1.213 -0.645 ± 1.213 0.014 ± 0.626 0.083 ± 0.626 -0.186 ± 0.972 -0.302 ± 1.066 -0.033 ± 0.460NPL 221485 0.514 0.514 0.647 0.672 0.640 - -0.199 ± 1.213 -0.632 ± 1.213 0.027 ± 0.626 0.096 ± 0.626 -0.172 ± 0.972 -0.289 ± 1.066 -0.020 ± 0.460NRC A138 1.163 1.162 1.282 1.323 1.258 1.250 - -0.433 ± 1.588 0.226 ± 1.200 0.295 ± 1.200 0.026 ± 1.412 -0.090 ± 1.478 0.179 ± 1.123NRC A140 1.536 1.535 1.678 1.728 1.646 1.633 1.768 - 0.659 ± 1.200 0.728 ± 1.200 0.460 ± 1.412 0.343 ± 1.478 0.612 ± 1.123


KCRV 0.238 0.239 0.474 0.515 0.454 0.452 1.153 1.538 0.424 0.473 0.890 1.077 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 23/43



NMiVSL 226246 5.000468 0.206 0.010 0.235 0.470 -0.5NPL 221481 5.000220 0.210 -0.238 0.239 0.478 -0.5NPL 221483 5.000395 0.201 -0.063 0.231 0.462 -0.5NPL 221485 5.000332 0.201 -0.126 0.231 0.462 -0.5NRC A138 5.001124 0.550 0.666 0.562 1.123 -0.5NRC A140 5.001270 0.550 0.812 0.562 1.123 -0.5


KCRV 5.000458 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.000 ± 0.374 0.015 ± 0.539 0.264 ± 0.546 0.088 ± 0.532 0.151 ± 0.532 -0.640 ± 1.154 -0.787 ± 1.154 0.087 ± 0.643 0.131 ± 0.610 -0.163 ± 0.912 -0.229 ± 1.010 0.025 ± 0.264NIST A129 0.369 - 0.015 ± 0.539 0.263 ± 0.546 0.088 ± 0.532 0.151 ± 0.532 -0.641 ± 1.154 -0.787 ± 1.154 0.086 ± 0.643 0.131 ± 0.610 -0.164 ± 0.912 -0.230 ± 1.010 0.025 ± 0.264

NMiVSL 226246 0.529 0.529 - 0.248 ± 0.670 0.073 ± 0.659 0.136 ± 0.659 -0.655 ± 1.218 -0.802 ± 1.218 0.071 ± 0.751 0.116 ± 0.723 -0.178 ± 0.992 -0.245 ± 1.083 0.010 ± 0.470NPL 221481 0.715 0.714 0.805 - -0.175 ± 0.665 -0.113 ± 0.665 -0.904 ± 1.221 -1.051 ± 1.221 -0.177 ± 0.756 -0.132 ± 0.728 -0.427 ± 0.996 -0.493 ± 1.086 -0.238 ± 0.478NPL 221483 0.549 0.549 0.659 0.735 - 0.063 ± 0.654 -0.728 ± 1.215 -0.875 ± 1.215 -0.002 ± 0.746 0.043 ± 0.718 -0.251 ± 0.988 -0.318 ± 1.079 -0.063 ± 0.462NPL 221485 0.598 0.597 0.698 0.687 0.650 - -0.791 ± 1.215 -0.938 ± 1.215 -0.065 ± 0.746 -0.020 ± 0.718 -0.314 ± 0.988 -0.380 ± 1.079 -0.126 ± 0.462NRC A138 1.591 1.592 1.660 1.908 1.729 1.791 - -0.147 ± 1.589 0.727 ± 1.267 0.772 ± 1.251 0.477 ± 1.423 0.411 ± 1.488 0.666 ± 1.123NRC A140 1.737 1.737 1.805 2.055 1.875 1.937 1.577 - 0.873 ± 1.267 0.918 ± 1.251 0.624 ± 1.423 0.558 ± 1.488 0.812 ± 1.123


KCRV 0.263 0.263 0.462 0.633 0.468 0.514 1.591 1.737 0.585 0.577 0.932 1.076 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 24/43




PTB 229074 5.948358 0.273 0.193 0.297 0.594 -0.5PTB 229075 5.948217 0.252 0.052 0.278 0.557 -0.5VNIIFTRI 79 5.948466 0.436 0.301 0.452 0.904 -0.5VNIIFTRI 89 5.948584 0.485 0.419 0.500 0.999 -0.5

KCRV 5.948165 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.5



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.200 ± 0.379 -0.472 ± 0.544 -0.082 ± 0.551 -0.426 ± 0.537 0.013 ± 0.537 -0.921 ± 1.156 -1.164 ± 1.156 -0.410 ± 0.652 -0.269 ± 0.618 -0.518 ± 0.943 -0.636 ± 1.034 -0.217 ± 0.268NIST A129 0.513 - -0.271 ± 0.544 0.118 ± 0.551 -0.226 ± 0.537 0.213 ± 0.537 -0.721 ± 1.156 -0.963 ± 1.156 -0.209 ± 0.652 -0.068 ± 0.618 -0.317 ± 0.943 -0.435 ± 1.034 -0.017 ± 0.268

NMiVSL 226246 0.919 0.720 - 0.389 ± 0.675 0.046 ± 0.664 0.485 ± 0.664 -0.449 ± 1.220 -0.692 ± 1.220 0.062 ± 0.760 0.203 ± 0.731 -0.046 ± 1.021 -0.164 ± 1.106 0.255 ± 0.474NPL 221481 0.563 0.587 0.946 - -0.344 ± 0.670 0.095 ± 0.670 -0.838 ± 1.224 -1.081 ± 1.224 -0.327 ± 0.765 -0.186 ± 0.736 -0.435 ± 1.024 -0.553 ± 1.109 -0.135 ± 0.481NPL 221483 0.868 0.671 0.655 0.896 - 0.439 ± 0.659 -0.495 ± 1.217 -0.738 ± 1.217 0.016 ± 0.755 0.157 ± 0.726 -0.092 ± 1.017 -0.210 ± 1.102 0.209 ± 0.466NPL 221485 0.528 0.659 1.031 0.681 0.981 - -0.934 ± 1.217 -1.177 ± 1.217 -0.423 ± 0.755 -0.282 ± 0.726 -0.531 ± 1.017 -0.649 ± 1.102 -0.230 ± 0.466NRC A138 1.872 1.673 1.463 1.845 1.504 1.936 - -0.243 ± 1.591 0.511 ± 1.272 0.652 ± 1.255 0.403 ± 1.443 0.285 ± 1.504 0.704 ± 1.125NRC A140 2.115 1.915 1.698 2.088 1.741 2.178 1.627 - 0.754 ± 1.272 0.895 ± 1.255 0.646 ± 1.443 0.528 ± 1.504 0.947 ± 1.125

PTB 229074 0.947 0.754 0.752 0.960 0.742 1.045 1.566 1.802 - 0.141 ± 0.815 -0.108 ± 1.082 -0.226 ± 1.163 0.193 ± 0.594PTB 229075 0.780 0.618 0.817 0.807 0.775 0.884 1.688 1.928 0.844 - -0.249 ± 1.062 -0.367 ± 1.144 0.052 ± 0.557VNIIFTRI 79 1.295 1.103 1.002 1.283 1.009 1.369 1.615 1.839 1.077 1.148 - -0.118 ± 1.347 0.301 ± 0.904VNIIFTRI 89 1.488 1.292 1.128 1.469 1.155 1.557 1.576 1.780 1.222 1.322 1.335 - 0.419 ± 0.999

KCRV 0.437 0.264 0.645 0.539 0.594 0.615 1.630 1.872 0.689 0.553 1.054 1.246 - KCRV


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 25/43




PTB 229074 7.201593 0.277 0.049 0.303 0.605 -1.0PTB 229075 7.201538 0.256 -0.006 0.283 0.567 -1.0VNIIFTRI 79 7.201591 0.456 0.047 0.472 0.945 -1.0VNIIFTRI 89 7.201839 0.501 0.295 0.515 1.031 -1.0

KCRV 7.201544 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.102 ± 0.399 -0.064 ± 0.555 0.215 ± 0.562 0.200 ± 0.549 0.424 ± 0.549 -0.748 ± 1.162 -0.691 ± 1.162 0.022 ± 0.668 0.077 ± 0.633 0.024 ± 0.986 -0.224 ± 1.069 0.071 ± 0.282NIST A129 0.438 - -0.166 ± 0.555 0.114 ± 0.562 0.098 ± 0.549 0.322 ± 0.549 -0.849 ± 1.162 -0.793 ± 1.162 -0.080 ± 0.668 -0.025 ± 0.633 -0.078 ± 0.986 -0.326 ± 1.069 -0.031 ± 0.282

NMiVSL 226246 0.557 0.630 - 0.279 ± 0.682 0.263 ± 0.671 0.488 ± 0.671 -0.684 ± 1.224 -0.628 ± 1.224 0.086 ± 0.771 0.141 ± 0.742 0.088 ± 1.059 -0.160 ± 1.136 0.135 ± 0.478NPL 221481 0.682 0.594 0.844 - -0.016 ± 0.677 0.209 ± 0.677 -0.963 ± 1.227 -0.907 ± 1.227 -0.193 ± 0.776 -0.139 ± 0.747 -0.191 ± 1.062 -0.439 ± 1.140 -0.144 ± 0.486NPL 221483 0.656 0.570 0.820 0.665 - 0.224 ± 0.666 -0.947 ± 1.221 -0.891 ± 1.221 -0.178 ± 0.767 -0.123 ± 0.737 -0.175 ± 1.055 -0.424 ± 1.133 -0.129 ± 0.471NPL 221485 0.875 0.774 1.040 0.774 0.779 - -1.172 ± 1.221 -1.115 ± 1.221 -0.402 ± 0.767 -0.347 ± 0.737 -0.400 ± 1.055 -0.648 ± 1.133 -0.353 ± 0.471NRC A138 1.704 1.805 1.693 1.973 1.952 2.176 - 0.056 ± 1.594 0.770 ± 1.279 0.824 ± 1.261 0.772 ± 1.470 0.524 ± 1.527 0.819 ± 1.127NRC A140 1.648 1.749 1.638 1.917 1.896 2.120 1.564 - 0.713 ± 1.279 0.768 ± 1.261 0.715 ± 1.470 0.467 ± 1.527 0.762 ± 1.127

PTB 229074 0.655 0.671 0.772 0.849 0.828 1.035 1.823 1.768 - 0.055 ± 0.829 0.002 ± 1.122 -0.246 ± 1.195 0.049 ± 0.605PTB 229075 0.637 0.621 0.777 0.780 0.760 0.956 1.863 1.807 0.817 - -0.053 ± 1.102 -0.301 ± 1.176 -0.006 ± 0.567VNIIFTRI 79 0.968 0.974 1.048 1.106 1.089 1.276 1.985 1.930 1.107 1.082 - -0.248 ± 1.398 0.047 ± 0.945VNIIFTRI 89 1.135 1.220 1.155 1.385 1.365 1.582 1.795 1.744 1.266 1.293 1.453 - 0.295 ± 1.031

KCRV 0.309 0.282 0.536 0.551 0.524 0.740 1.746 1.690 0.599 0.558 0.928 1.159 - KCRV


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 26/43



NMiVSL 226246 8.296278 0.206 -0.094 0.241 0.483 -1.0NPL 221481 8.296020 0.210 -0.352 0.245 0.490 -1.0NPL 221485 8.295779 0.201 -0.593 0.238 0.475 -1.0NRC A138 8.297318 0.550 0.946 0.564 1.129 -1.0NRC A140 8.297308 0.550 0.936 0.564 1.129 -1.0

PTB 229074 8.296214 0.280 -0.158 0.307 0.615 -1.0PTB 229075 8.296135 0.258 -0.237 0.288 0.575 -1.0

KCRV 8.296372 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.015 ± 0.418 0.267 ± 0.566 0.526 ± 0.573 0.767 ± 0.560 -0.773 ± 1.167 -0.762 ± 1.167 0.332 ± 0.682 0.410 ± 0.647 0.174 ± 0.296NIST A129 0.410 - 0.283 ± 0.566 0.541 ± 0.573 0.782 ± 0.560 -0.757 ± 1.167 -0.747 ± 1.167 0.347 ± 0.682 0.426 ± 0.647 0.189 ± 0.296

NMiVSL 226246 0.735 0.750 - 0.259 ± 0.688 0.499 ± 0.677 -1.040 ± 1.228 -1.030 ± 1.228 0.064 ± 0.782 0.143 ± 0.751 -0.094 ± 0.483NPL 221481 0.997 1.012 0.830 - 0.241 ± 0.683 -1.299 ± 1.231 -1.288 ± 1.231 -0.194 ± 0.786 -0.116 ± 0.756 -0.352 ± 0.490NPL 221485 1.227 1.242 1.057 0.809 - -1.539 ± 1.225 -1.529 ± 1.225 -0.435 ± 0.777 -0.356 ± 0.746 -0.593 ± 0.475NRC A138 1.733 1.718 2.050 2.311 2.547 - 0.010 ± 1.596 1.104 ± 1.285 1.183 ± 1.267 0.946 ± 1.129NRC A140 1.723 1.708 2.040 2.301 2.536 1.573 - 1.094 ± 1.285 1.173 ± 1.267 0.936 ± 1.129

PTB 229074 0.895 0.910 0.773 0.858 1.075 2.162 2.151 - 0.078 ± 0.842 -0.158 ± 0.615PTB 229075 0.943 0.958 0.787 0.774 0.973 2.225 2.215 0.836 - -0.237 ± 0.575

KCRV 0.417 0.432 0.507 0.756 0.984 1.875 1.865 0.676 0.713 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 27/43



NMiVSL 226246 8.399564 0.206 -0.048 0.242 0.483 -1.0NPL 221481 8.399350 0.210 -0.262 0.245 0.491 -1.0NPL 221483 8.399316 0.201 -0.296 0.238 0.475 -1.0NPL 221485 8.398898 0.201 -0.714 0.238 0.475 -1.0NRC A138 8.400617 0.550 1.005 0.564 1.129 -1.0NRC A140 8.400524 0.550 0.912 0.564 1.129 -1.0


KCRV 8.399612 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.060 ± 0.419 0.253 ± 0.567 0.467 ± 0.573 0.500 ± 0.560 0.918 ± 0.560 -0.800 ± 1.167 -0.708 ± 1.167 0.208 ± 0.683 0.299 ± 0.648 0.103 ± 1.027 -0.322 ± 1.101 0.204 ± 0.296NIST A129 0.426 - 0.193 ± 0.567 0.407 ± 0.573 0.441 ± 0.560 0.859 ± 0.560 -0.860 ± 1.167 -0.767 ± 1.167 0.149 ± 0.683 0.239 ± 0.648 0.043 ± 1.027 -0.381 ± 1.101 0.145 ± 0.296

NMiVSL 226246 0.721 0.665 - 0.214 ± 0.689 0.248 ± 0.678 0.666 ± 0.678 -1.053 ± 1.228 -0.960 ± 1.228 -0.044 ± 0.783 0.046 ± 0.752 -0.150 ± 1.096 -0.574 ± 1.166 -0.048 ± 0.483NPL 221481 0.938 0.879 0.789 - 0.034 ± 0.683 0.452 ± 0.683 -1.267 ± 1.231 -1.174 ± 1.231 -0.258 ± 0.787 -0.168 ± 0.757 -0.364 ± 1.099 -0.788 ± 1.169 -0.262 ± 0.491NPL 221483 0.961 0.901 0.811 0.671 - 0.418 ± 0.672 -1.301 ± 1.225 -1.208 ± 1.225 -0.292 ± 0.778 -0.202 ± 0.747 -0.397 ± 1.092 -0.822 ± 1.162 -0.296 ± 0.475NPL 221485 1.379 1.319 1.223 1.014 0.972 - -1.719 ± 1.225 -1.626 ± 1.225 -0.710 ± 0.778 -0.620 ± 0.747 -0.815 ± 1.092 -1.240 ± 1.162 -0.714 ± 0.475NRC A138 1.761 1.821 2.063 2.279 2.308 2.726 - 0.093 ± 1.597 1.009 ± 1.286 1.099 ± 1.268 0.903 ± 1.497 0.479 ± 1.549 1.005 ± 1.129NRC A140 1.669 1.728 1.970 2.187 2.215 2.633 1.570 - 0.916 ± 1.286 1.006 ± 1.268 0.810 ± 1.497 0.386 ± 1.549 0.912 ± 1.129


KCRV 0.448 0.390 0.481 0.667 0.687 1.105 1.934 1.841 0.607 0.593 0.981 1.402 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 28/43





KCRV 9.508020 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.010 ± 0.443 0.128 ± 0.580 0.547 ± 0.586 0.696 ± 0.573 0.841 ± 0.573 -0.792 ± 1.173 -0.744 ± 1.173 0.230 ± 0.699 0.376 ± 0.664 0.002 ± 1.066 -0.304 ± 1.133 0.207 ± 0.313NIST A129 0.435 - 0.138 ± 0.580 0.557 ± 0.586 0.706 ± 0.573 0.850 ± 0.573 -0.782 ± 1.173 -0.734 ± 1.173 0.240 ± 0.699 0.386 ± 0.664 0.011 ± 1.066 -0.294 ± 1.133 0.217 ± 0.313

NMiVSL 226246 0.621 0.629 - 0.419 ± 0.695 0.568 ± 0.684 0.712 ± 0.684 -0.920 ± 1.231 -0.872 ± 1.231 0.102 ± 0.793 0.248 ± 0.762 -0.127 ± 1.130 -0.432 ± 1.193 0.079 ± 0.488NPL 221481 1.029 1.039 0.991 - 0.149 ± 0.690 0.293 ± 0.690 -1.339 ± 1.234 -1.291 ± 1.234 -0.317 ± 0.798 -0.171 ± 0.767 -0.546 ± 1.133 -0.851 ± 1.196 -0.340 ± 0.495NPL 221483 1.167 1.177 1.130 0.736 - 0.145 ± 0.679 -1.488 ± 1.228 -1.440 ± 1.228 -0.466 ± 0.788 -0.320 ± 0.757 -0.694 ± 1.127 -1.000 ± 1.190 -0.489 ± 0.480NPL 221485 1.312 1.322 1.275 0.864 0.723 - -1.633 ± 1.228 -1.584 ± 1.228 -0.611 ± 0.788 -0.464 ± 0.757 -0.839 ± 1.127 -1.145 ± 1.190 -0.633 ± 0.480NRC A138 1.758 1.748 1.934 2.355 2.498 2.643 - 0.048 ± 1.599 1.022 ± 1.292 1.168 ± 1.273 0.793 ± 1.522 0.488 ± 1.570 0.999 ± 1.131NRC A140 1.710 1.700 1.886 2.306 2.450 2.595 1.570 - 0.974 ± 1.292 1.120 ± 1.273 0.745 ± 1.522 0.440 ± 1.570 0.951 ± 1.131


KCRV 0.465 0.475 0.502 0.748 0.883 1.028 1.929 1.881 0.614 0.660 1.077 1.411 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 29/43





KCRV 10.803390 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.056 ± 0.473 -0.025 ± 0.627 0.489 ± 0.598 0.549 ± 0.589 0.718 ± 0.589 -0.636 ± 1.182 -0.625 ± 1.182 0.312 ± 0.720 0.338 ± 0.684 -0.036 ± 1.113 -0.367 ± 1.171 0.170 ± 0.335NIST A129 0.475 - 0.032 ± 0.627 0.546 ± 0.598 0.605 ± 0.589 0.774 ± 0.589 -0.580 ± 1.182 -0.569 ± 1.182 0.368 ± 0.720 0.395 ± 0.684 0.021 ± 1.113 -0.311 ± 1.171 0.226 ± 0.335

NMiVSL 226246 0.616 0.616 - 0.514 ± 0.726 0.574 ± 0.719 0.742 ± 0.719 -0.612 ± 1.252 -0.600 ± 1.252 0.337 ± 0.830 0.363 ± 0.798 -0.011 ± 1.187 -0.342 ± 1.241 0.194 ± 0.531NPL 221481 0.981 1.037 1.111 - 0.060 ± 0.693 0.228 ± 0.693 -1.126 ± 1.237 -1.114 ± 1.237 -0.177 ± 0.807 -0.151 ± 0.775 -0.525 ± 1.171 -0.856 ± 1.226 -0.320 ± 0.495NPL 221483 1.033 1.089 1.165 0.686 - 0.169 ± 0.685 -1.185 ± 1.233 -1.174 ± 1.233 -0.237 ± 0.801 -0.211 ± 0.768 -0.585 ± 1.167 -0.916 ± 1.222 -0.379 ± 0.484NPL 221485 1.202 1.258 1.333 0.806 0.747 - -1.354 ± 1.233 -1.342 ± 1.233 -0.405 ± 0.801 -0.379 ± 0.768 -0.753 ± 1.167 -1.085 ± 1.222 -0.548 ± 0.484NRC A138 1.611 1.556 1.645 2.143 2.199 2.368 - 0.012 ± 1.603 0.948 ± 1.301 0.975 ± 1.281 0.601 ± 1.553 0.269 ± 1.595 0.806 ± 1.134NRC A140 1.600 1.545 1.634 2.132 2.188 2.356 1.579 - 0.937 ± 1.301 0.963 ± 1.281 0.589 ± 1.553 0.258 ± 1.595 0.795 ± 1.134


KCRV 0.446 0.501 0.635 0.727 0.778 0.946 1.739 1.728 0.684 0.669 1.115 1.464 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 30/43





KCRV 12.297309 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.064 ± 0.508 -0.550 ± 0.706 0.259 ± 0.609 0.125 ± 0.607 0.445 ± 0.607 -0.444 ± 1.193 -0.429 ± 1.193 0.200 ± 0.745 0.250 ± 0.708 -0.284 ± 1.168 -0.197 ± 1.215 0.040 ± 0.359NIST A129 0.511 - -0.486 ± 0.706 0.323 ± 0.609 0.189 ± 0.607 0.509 ± 0.607 -0.380 ± 1.193 -0.365 ± 1.193 0.264 ± 0.745 0.314 ± 0.708 -0.220 ± 1.168 -0.134 ± 1.215 0.104 ± 0.359

NMiVSL 226246 1.132 1.068 - 0.809 ± 0.782 0.675 ± 0.781 0.995 ± 0.781 0.106 ± 1.290 0.122 ± 1.290 0.751 ± 0.892 0.801 ± 0.862 0.267 ± 1.267 0.353 ± 1.311 0.591 ± 0.608NPL 221481 0.763 0.825 1.453 - -0.134 ± 0.693 0.186 ± 0.693 -0.703 ± 1.239 -0.688 ± 1.239 -0.058 ± 0.817 -0.009 ± 0.784 -0.543 ± 1.215 -0.456 ± 1.261 -0.219 ± 0.492NPL 221483 0.642 0.695 1.317 0.729 - 0.320 ± 0.691 -0.569 ± 1.238 -0.553 ± 1.238 0.076 ± 0.816 0.126 ± 0.782 -0.408 ± 1.214 -0.322 ± 1.259 -0.085 ± 0.489NPL 221485 0.944 1.007 1.637 0.769 0.891 - -0.889 ± 1.238 -0.873 ± 1.238 -0.244 ± 0.816 -0.194 ± 0.782 -0.728 ± 1.214 -0.642 ± 1.259 -0.404 ± 0.489NRC A138 1.435 1.376 1.276 1.725 1.592 1.908 - 0.015 ± 1.609 0.645 ± 1.312 0.695 ± 1.291 0.160 ± 1.590 0.247 ± 1.625 0.484 ± 1.138NRC A140 1.421 1.363 1.282 1.709 1.577 1.893 1.584 - 0.629 ± 1.312 0.679 ± 1.291 0.145 ± 1.590 0.231 ± 1.625 0.469 ± 1.138

PTB 229074 0.827 0.884 1.485 0.806 0.810 0.927 1.728 1.713 - 0.050 ± 0.894 -0.484 ± 1.289 -0.398 ± 1.332 -0.160 ± 0.653PTB 229075 0.840 0.900 1.510 0.772 0.804 0.855 1.759 1.744 0.879 - -0.534 ± 1.268 -0.448 ± 1.312 -0.210 ± 0.611VNIIFTRI 79 1.271 1.222 1.347 1.548 1.420 1.729 1.584 1.578 1.554 1.584 - 0.086 ± 1.607 0.324 ± 1.111VNIIFTRI 89 1.250 1.215 1.455 1.504 1.384 1.681 1.662 1.653 1.513 1.540 1.579 - 0.238 ± 1.161

KCRV 0.359 0.405 1.091 0.626 0.507 0.807 1.426 1.411 0.712 0.719 1.255 1.229 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 31/43





KCRV 13.798183 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.033 ± 0.534 -0.725 ± 0.785 0.026 ± 0.618 -0.014 ± 0.607 0.402 ± 0.607 -0.303 ± 1.203 -0.149 ± 1.203 -0.161 ± 0.768 -0.054 ± 0.730 -0.483 ± 1.221 -0.464 ± 1.258 -0.027 ± 0.378NIST A129 0.526 - -0.758 ± 0.785 -0.008 ± 0.618 -0.048 ± 0.607 0.368 ± 0.607 -0.337 ± 1.203 -0.183 ± 1.203 -0.194 ± 0.768 -0.087 ± 0.730 -0.516 ± 1.221 -0.497 ± 1.258 -0.061 ± 0.378

NMiVSL 226246 1.370 1.404 - 0.751 ± 0.844 0.711 ± 0.836 1.127 ± 0.836 0.422 ± 1.333 0.576 ± 1.333 0.564 ± 0.959 0.671 ± 0.929 0.242 ± 1.349 0.261 ± 1.383 0.698 ± 0.688NPL 221481 0.607 0.608 1.445 - -0.040 ± 0.682 0.376 ± 0.682 -0.329 ± 1.242 -0.175 ± 1.242 -0.187 ± 0.828 -0.079 ± 0.794 -0.508 ± 1.260 -0.490 ± 1.296 -0.053 ± 0.489NPL 221483 0.597 0.600 1.399 0.671 - 0.416 ± 0.673 -0.289 ± 1.237 -0.135 ± 1.237 -0.147 ± 0.820 -0.039 ± 0.785 -0.468 ± 1.255 -0.450 ± 1.290 -0.013 ± 0.476NPL 221485 0.902 0.869 1.814 0.939 0.970 - -0.705 ± 1.237 -0.551 ± 1.237 -0.563 ± 0.820 -0.455 ± 0.785 -0.884 ± 1.255 -0.866 ± 1.290 -0.429 ± 0.476NRC A138 1.318 1.347 1.535 1.375 1.337 1.725 - 0.154 ± 1.615 0.143 ± 1.323 0.250 ± 1.302 -0.179 ± 1.628 -0.160 ± 1.656 0.276 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.211 1.230 1.679 1.262 1.237 1.574 1.605 - -0.012 ± 1.323 0.096 ± 1.302 -0.333 ± 1.628 -0.314 ± 1.656 0.122 ± 1.142

PTB 229074 0.815 0.842 1.354 0.890 0.853 1.238 1.322 1.303 - 0.107 ± 0.915 -0.322 ± 1.340 -0.303 ± 1.373 0.134 ± 0.668PTB 229075 0.721 0.734 1.436 0.791 0.772 1.102 1.366 1.285 0.918 - -0.429 ± 1.319 -0.410 ± 1.353 0.026 ± 0.625VNIIFTRI 79 1.495 1.527 1.404 1.553 1.510 1.917 1.629 1.724 1.455 1.529 - 0.019 ± 1.669 0.455 ± 1.161VNIIFTRI 89 1.509 1.540 1.448 1.565 1.524 1.928 1.647 1.735 1.470 1.542 1.643 - 0.437 ± 1.200

KCRV 0.373 0.388 1.263 0.489 0.467 0.820 1.242 1.140 0.705 0.614 1.418 1.434 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 32/43





KCRV 15.499566 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.006 ± 0.548 -0.741 ± 0.863 -0.043 ± 0.628 -0.091 ± 0.617 0.342 ± 0.617 -0.209 ± 1.206 -0.182 ± 1.206 -0.460 ± 0.780 -0.370 ± 0.742 -0.411 ± 1.224 -0.338 ± 1.269 -0.087 ± 0.388NIST A129 0.539 - -0.747 ± 0.863 -0.049 ± 0.628 -0.097 ± 0.617 0.336 ± 0.617 -0.215 ± 1.206 -0.188 ± 1.206 -0.466 ± 0.780 -0.376 ± 0.742 -0.416 ± 1.224 -0.344 ± 1.269 -0.092 ± 0.388

NMiVSL 226246 1.451 1.457 - 0.698 ± 0.916 0.650 ± 0.908 1.083 ± 0.908 0.532 ± 1.378 0.559 ± 1.378 0.281 ± 1.026 0.371 ± 0.997 0.331 ± 1.394 0.403 ± 1.434 0.655 ± 0.771NPL 221481 0.619 0.621 1.451 - -0.048 ± 0.689 0.385 ± 0.689 -0.166 ± 1.244 -0.139 ± 1.244 -0.417 ± 0.839 -0.326 ± 0.803 -0.367 ± 1.262 -0.294 ± 1.306 -0.043 ± 0.494NPL 221483 0.630 0.633 1.397 0.680 - 0.433 ± 0.679 -0.118 ± 1.239 -0.091 ± 1.239 -0.369 ± 0.831 -0.279 ± 0.794 -0.319 ± 1.256 -0.247 ± 1.301 0.005 ± 0.480NPL 221485 0.851 0.845 1.830 0.953 0.992 - -0.551 ± 1.239 -0.524 ± 1.239 -0.802 ± 0.831 -0.712 ± 0.794 -0.753 ± 1.256 -0.680 ± 1.301 -0.428 ± 0.480NRC A138 1.250 1.254 1.675 1.259 1.231 1.576 - 0.027 ± 1.615 -0.251 ± 1.328 -0.160 ± 1.305 -0.201 ± 1.628 -0.128 ± 1.663 0.123 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.232 1.236 1.700 1.245 1.222 1.550 1.587 - -0.278 ± 1.328 -0.188 ± 1.305 -0.228 ± 1.628 -0.156 ± 1.663 0.096 ± 1.142

PTB 229074 1.103 1.109 1.143 1.109 1.056 1.485 1.390 1.410 - 0.090 ± 0.927 0.050 ± 1.344 0.122 ± 1.386 0.374 ± 0.677PTB 229075 0.982 0.988 1.200 0.992 0.940 1.365 1.314 1.328 0.922 - -0.041 ± 1.322 0.032 ± 1.364 0.283 ± 0.633VNIIFTRI 79 1.431 1.436 1.510 1.425 1.379 1.788 1.639 1.654 1.320 1.298 - 0.073 ± 1.676 0.324 ± 1.161VNIIFTRI 89 1.406 1.411 1.607 1.403 1.363 1.753 1.643 1.652 1.374 1.340 1.646 - 0.251 ± 1.209

KCRV 0.416 0.420 1.289 0.490 0.473 0.824 1.141 1.130 0.932 0.806 1.299 1.283 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 33/43



NMiVSL 226246 16.999833 0.394 0.498 0.423 0.845 -1.0NPL 221481 16.999290 0.197 -0.045 0.249 0.499 -1.0NPL 221483 16.999280 0.188 -0.055 0.242 0.485 -1.0NPL 221485 16.998847 0.188 -0.488 0.242 0.485 -1.0NRC A138 16.999430 0.550 0.095 0.571 1.142 -1.0NRC A140 16.999259 0.550 -0.076 0.571 1.142 -1.0


KCRV 16.999335 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.015 ± 0.557 -0.546 ± 0.933 -0.003 ± 0.635 0.006 ± 0.624 0.439 ± 0.624 -0.144 ± 1.208 0.027 ± 1.208 -0.573 ± 0.791 -0.414 ± 0.751 -0.316 ± 1.226 -0.497 ± 1.279 -0.049 ± 0.394NIST A129 0.547 - -0.562 ± 0.933 -0.019 ± 0.635 -0.009 ± 0.624 0.424 ± 0.624 -0.160 ± 1.208 0.012 ± 1.208 -0.588 ± 0.791 -0.430 ± 0.751 -0.331 ± 1.226 -0.512 ± 1.279 -0.064 ± 0.394

NMiVSL 226246 1.315 1.330 - 0.543 ± 0.982 0.553 ± 0.975 0.985 ± 0.975 0.402 ± 1.421 0.574 ± 1.421 -0.026 ± 1.089 0.132 ± 1.060 0.231 ± 1.436 0.050 ± 1.482 0.498 ± 0.845NPL 221481 0.626 0.624 1.352 - 0.009 ± 0.695 0.442 ± 0.695 -0.141 ± 1.246 0.031 ± 1.246 -0.569 ± 0.848 -0.411 ± 0.811 -0.312 ± 1.264 -0.493 ± 1.315 -0.045 ± 0.499NPL 221483 0.615 0.614 1.356 0.684 - 0.433 ± 0.685 -0.150 ± 1.240 0.021 ± 1.240 -0.579 ± 0.840 -0.420 ± 0.802 -0.322 ± 1.258 -0.503 ± 1.310 -0.055 ± 0.485NPL 221485 0.953 0.938 1.787 1.015 0.997 - -0.583 ± 1.240 -0.412 ± 1.240 -1.011 ± 0.840 -0.853 ± 0.802 -0.755 ± 1.258 -0.935 ± 1.310 -0.488 ± 0.485NRC A138 1.213 1.221 1.594 1.248 1.247 1.608 - 0.171 ± 1.615 -0.428 ± 1.332 -0.270 ± 1.309 -0.171 ± 1.628 -0.352 ± 1.669 0.095 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.186 1.189 1.751 1.224 1.219 1.446 1.612 - -0.600 ± 1.332 -0.441 ± 1.309 -0.343 ± 1.628 -0.524 ± 1.669 -0.076 ± 1.142

PTB 229074 1.223 1.238 1.069 1.267 1.270 1.702 1.540 1.701 - 0.158 ± 0.938 0.257 ± 1.348 0.076 ± 1.397 0.524 ± 0.686PTB 229075 1.033 1.048 1.068 1.080 1.082 1.513 1.387 1.532 0.969 - 0.099 ± 1.325 -0.082 ± 1.375 0.366 ± 0.639VNIIFTRI 79 1.349 1.362 1.476 1.380 1.383 1.791 1.625 1.731 1.413 1.308 - -0.181 ± 1.682 0.267 ± 1.161VNIIFTRI 89 1.558 1.572 1.455 1.585 1.590 2.013 1.775 1.918 1.373 1.352 1.680 - 0.448 ± 1.217

KCRV 0.396 0.405 1.194 0.495 0.485 0.886 1.130 1.125 1.088 0.892 1.252 1.459 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 34/43



NMiVSL 226246 18.597934 0.437 0.557 0.463 0.926 -1.0NPL 221481 18.597330 0.200 -0.047 0.252 0.503 -1.0NPL 221483 18.597229 0.191 -0.148 0.245 0.489 -1.0NPL 221485 18.596804 0.191 -0.573 0.245 0.489 -1.0NRC A138 18.597402 0.550 0.025 0.571 1.142 -1.0NRC A140 18.597237 0.550 -0.140 0.571 1.142 -1.0


KCRV 18.597377 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.032 ± 0.567 -0.560 ± 1.009 0.044 ± 0.643 0.145 ± 0.632 0.570 ± 0.632 -0.028 ± 1.210 0.137 ± 1.210 -0.572 ± 0.802 -0.498 ± 0.761 -0.283 ± 1.228 -0.456 ± 1.290 -0.003 ± 0.401NIST A129 0.557 - -0.593 ± 1.009 0.012 ± 0.643 0.113 ± 0.632 0.538 ± 0.632 -0.060 ± 1.210 0.105 ± 1.210 -0.605 ± 0.802 -0.530 ± 0.761 -0.316 ± 1.228 -0.489 ± 1.290 -0.035 ± 0.401

NMiVSL 226246 1.392 1.424 - 0.604 ± 1.054 0.706 ± 1.048 1.131 ± 1.048 0.533 ± 1.470 0.697 ± 1.470 -0.012 ± 1.158 0.063 ± 1.130 0.277 ± 1.485 0.104 ± 1.536 0.557 ± 0.926NPL 221481 0.634 0.632 1.473 - 0.101 ± 0.702 0.526 ± 0.702 -0.072 ± 1.248 0.093 ± 1.248 -0.616 ± 0.858 -0.542 ± 0.819 -0.327 ± 1.265 -0.500 ± 1.325 -0.047 ± 0.503NPL 221483 0.682 0.658 1.568 0.715 - 0.425 ± 0.692 -0.173 ± 1.242 -0.008 ± 1.242 -0.718 ± 0.850 -0.643 ± 0.811 -0.429 ± 1.260 -0.602 ± 1.320 -0.148 ± 0.489NPL 221485 1.091 1.058 1.992 1.104 0.995 - -0.598 ± 1.242 -0.433 ± 1.242 -1.142 ± 0.850 -1.068 ± 0.811 -0.854 ± 1.260 -1.026 ± 1.320 -0.573 ± 0.489NRC A138 1.189 1.189 1.755 1.227 1.261 1.624 - 0.165 ± 1.615 -0.544 ± 1.336 -0.470 ± 1.312 -0.256 ± 1.628 -0.428 ± 1.675 0.025 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.212 1.199 1.912 1.232 1.224 1.467 1.609 - -0.709 ± 1.336 -0.635 ± 1.312 -0.420 ± 1.628 -0.593 ± 1.675 -0.140 ± 1.142

PTB 229074 1.232 1.264 1.140 1.322 1.416 1.841 1.652 1.811 - 0.075 ± 0.949 0.289 ± 1.353 0.116 ± 1.409 0.569 ± 0.695PTB 229075 1.124 1.156 1.111 1.216 1.310 1.735 1.561 1.718 0.938 - 0.214 ± 1.329 0.041 ± 1.386 0.495 ± 0.647VNIIFTRI 79 1.325 1.351 1.553 1.394 1.478 1.891 1.670 1.793 1.441 1.367 - -0.173 ± 1.688 0.281 ± 1.161VNIIFTRI 89 1.529 1.559 1.514 1.600 1.692 2.112 1.841 1.987 1.394 1.360 1.683 - 0.453 ± 1.226

KCRV 0.395 0.397 1.320 0.500 0.558 0.976 1.122 1.149 1.141 1.027 1.263 1.472 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 35/43



NMiVSL 226246 20.299225 0.475 0.326 0.499 0.998 -1.0NPL 221481 20.298690 0.203 -0.209 0.254 0.508 -1.0NPL 221483 20.298576 0.194 -0.323 0.247 0.494 -1.0NPL 221485 20.298352 0.194 -0.547 0.247 0.494 -1.0NRC A138 20.298800 0.550 -0.099 0.571 1.142 -1.0NRC A140 20.298750 0.550 -0.149 0.571 1.142 -1.0


KCRV 20.298899 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.001 ± 0.572 -0.119 ± 1.077 0.417 ± 0.650 0.530 ± 0.638 0.754 ± 0.638 0.307 ± 1.211 0.356 ± 1.211 -0.249 ± 0.812 -0.024 ± 0.769 0.132 ± 1.229 -0.037 ± 1.299 0.208 ± 0.404NIST A129 0.564 - -0.118 ± 1.077 0.418 ± 0.650 0.531 ± 0.638 0.755 ± 0.638 0.308 ± 1.211 0.357 ± 1.211 -0.248 ± 0.812 -0.023 ± 0.769 0.133 ± 1.229 -0.037 ± 1.299 0.209 ± 0.404

NMiVSL 226246 1.077 1.076 - 0.535 ± 1.120 0.649 ± 1.114 0.873 ± 1.114 0.425 ± 1.516 0.475 ± 1.516 -0.130 ± 1.221 0.094 ± 1.193 0.251 ± 1.531 0.081 ± 1.588 0.326 ± 0.998NPL 221481 0.951 0.952 1.460 - 0.114 ± 0.709 0.338 ± 0.709 -0.110 ± 1.250 -0.060 ± 1.250 -0.665 ± 0.868 -0.441 ± 0.829 -0.284 ± 1.268 -0.454 ± 1.336 -0.209 ± 0.508NPL 221483 1.056 1.057 1.567 0.729 - 0.224 ± 0.699 -0.224 ± 1.244 -0.174 ± 1.244 -0.779 ± 0.860 -0.555 ± 0.820 -0.398 ± 1.262 -0.568 ± 1.330 -0.323 ± 0.494NPL 221485 1.280 1.280 1.789 0.923 0.807 - -0.448 ± 1.244 -0.398 ± 1.244 -1.003 ± 0.860 -0.779 ± 0.820 -0.622 ± 1.262 -0.792 ± 1.330 -0.547 ± 0.494NRC A138 1.328 1.329 1.698 1.239 1.295 1.482 - 0.050 ± 1.615 -0.555 ± 1.341 -0.331 ± 1.316 -0.174 ± 1.628 -0.344 ± 1.682 -0.099 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.371 1.372 1.742 1.228 1.263 1.437 1.585 - -0.605 ± 1.341 -0.381 ± 1.316 -0.224 ± 1.628 -0.394 ± 1.682 -0.149 ± 1.142

PTB 229074 0.927 0.927 1.219 1.380 1.487 1.710 1.666 1.714 - 0.224 ± 0.961 0.381 ± 1.358 0.211 ± 1.421 0.456 ± 0.704PTB 229075 0.755 0.755 1.179 1.124 1.230 1.453 1.441 1.484 1.039 - 0.156 ± 1.333 -0.013 ± 1.398 0.232 ± 0.654VNIIFTRI 79 1.228 1.229 1.577 1.361 1.452 1.664 1.626 1.651 1.521 1.337 - -0.170 ± 1.695 0.076 ± 1.161VNIIFTRI 89 1.276 1.276 1.560 1.567 1.669 1.888 1.780 1.819 1.451 1.376 1.688 - 0.245 ± 1.235

KCRV 0.541 0.542 1.159 0.630 0.729 0.953 1.131 1.153 1.036 0.776 1.143 1.302 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

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tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 36/43




PTB 229074 21.575934 0.321 0.490 0.355 0.711 -1.0PTB 229075 21.575693 0.292 0.249 0.330 0.660 -1.0VNIIFTRI 79 21.575227 0.560 -0.217 0.581 1.161 -1.0VNIIFTRI 89 21.575344 0.602 -0.100 0.621 1.242 -1.0

KCRV 21.575444 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.021 ± 0.589 -0.075 ± 1.152 0.655 ± 0.662 0.799 ± 0.651 0.800 ± 0.651 0.509 ± 1.215 0.661 ± 1.215 -0.159 ± 0.824 0.082 ± 0.781 0.548 ± 1.234 0.431 ± 1.310 0.331 ± 0.417NIST A129 0.579 - -0.096 ± 1.152 0.634 ± 0.662 0.778 ± 0.651 0.779 ± 0.651 0.488 ± 1.215 0.640 ± 1.215 -0.180 ± 0.824 0.061 ± 0.781 0.527 ± 1.234 0.410 ± 1.310 0.310 ± 0.417

NMiVSL 226246 1.134 1.140 - 0.730 ± 1.190 0.874 ± 1.184 0.874 ± 1.184 0.584 ± 1.567 0.736 ± 1.567 -0.085 ± 1.288 0.157 ± 1.260 0.623 ± 1.581 0.506 ± 1.642 0.406 ± 1.073NPL 221481 1.200 1.179 1.710 - 0.144 ± 0.718 0.144 ± 0.718 -0.146 ± 1.252 0.006 ± 1.252 -0.814 ± 0.878 -0.573 ± 0.837 -0.107 ± 1.270 -0.224 ± 1.344 -0.324 ± 0.515NPL 221483 1.335 1.314 1.849 0.758 - 0.000 ± 0.708 -0.290 ± 1.247 -0.138 ± 1.247 -0.959 ± 0.869 -0.717 ± 0.828 -0.251 ± 1.264 -0.368 ± 1.339 -0.468 ± 0.500NPL 221485 1.335 1.314 1.849 0.758 0.699 - -0.290 ± 1.247 -0.139 ± 1.247 -0.959 ± 0.869 -0.718 ± 0.828 -0.251 ± 1.264 -0.368 ± 1.339 -0.469 ± 0.500NRC A138 1.516 1.496 1.886 1.256 1.347 1.347 - 0.152 ± 1.615 -0.669 ± 1.345 -0.427 ± 1.319 0.039 ± 1.628 -0.078 ± 1.687 -0.178 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.663 1.643 2.030 1.235 1.247 1.247 1.604 - -0.820 ± 1.345 -0.579 ± 1.319 -0.113 ± 1.628 -0.230 ± 1.687 -0.330 ± 1.142

PTB 229074 0.866 0.881 1.268 1.537 1.674 1.674 1.779 1.928 - 0.241 ± 0.970 0.708 ± 1.361 0.591 ± 1.431 0.490 ± 0.711PTB 229075 0.779 0.771 1.269 1.262 1.399 1.399 1.528 1.670 1.061 - 0.466 ± 1.336 0.349 ± 1.406 0.249 ± 0.660VNIIFTRI 79 1.568 1.548 1.934 1.257 1.333 1.333 1.599 1.605 1.831 1.578 - -0.117 ± 1.700 -0.217 ± 1.161VNIIFTRI 89 1.524 1.505 1.878 1.387 1.493 1.493 1.657 1.709 1.776 1.537 1.676 - -0.100 ± 1.242

KCRV 0.674 0.653 1.297 0.748 0.880 0.880 1.171 1.287 1.076 0.797 1.214 1.228 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

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tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 37/43





KCRV 22.676998 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.038 ± 0.610 -0.234 ± 1.206 0.263 ± 0.676 0.494 ± 0.665 0.546 ± 0.665 0.606 ± 1.221 0.622 ± 1.221 -0.261 ± 0.837 -0.029 ± 0.793 0.324 ± 1.239 0.321 ± 1.320 0.195 ± 0.431NIST A129 0.600 - -0.272 ± 1.206 0.225 ± 0.676 0.456 ± 0.665 0.508 ± 0.665 0.568 ± 1.221 0.584 ± 1.221 -0.299 ± 0.837 -0.068 ± 0.793 0.286 ± 1.239 0.283 ± 1.320 0.157 ± 0.431

NMiVSL 226246 1.268 1.296 - 0.497 ± 1.241 0.728 ± 1.235 0.780 ± 1.235 0.840 ± 1.604 0.856 ± 1.604 -0.027 ± 1.335 0.205 ± 1.308 0.558 ± 1.618 0.555 ± 1.681 0.429 ± 1.127NPL 221481 0.823 0.788 1.525 - 0.231 ± 0.725 0.284 ± 0.725 0.344 ± 1.255 0.359 ± 1.255 -0.523 ± 0.886 -0.292 ± 0.844 0.061 ± 1.272 0.058 ± 1.352 -0.068 ± 0.520NPL 221483 1.041 1.003 1.745 0.837 - 0.052 ± 0.715 0.112 ± 1.249 0.128 ± 1.249 -0.755 ± 0.877 -0.523 ± 0.835 -0.170 ± 1.266 -0.173 ± 1.346 -0.299 ± 0.506NPL 221485 1.093 1.055 1.797 0.885 0.706 - 0.060 ± 1.249 0.075 ± 1.249 -0.807 ± 0.877 -0.576 ± 0.835 -0.222 ± 1.266 -0.225 ± 1.346 -0.352 ± 0.506NRC A138 1.614 1.577 2.163 1.398 1.239 1.226 - 0.016 ± 1.615 -0.867 ± 1.348 -0.636 ± 1.321 -0.282 ± 1.628 -0.285 ± 1.691 -0.412 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.629 1.592 2.179 1.411 1.245 1.229 1.590 - -0.882 ± 1.348 -0.651 ± 1.321 -0.298 ± 1.628 -0.301 ± 1.691 -0.427 ± 1.142


KCRV 0.551 0.515 1.364 0.526 0.716 0.768 1.361 1.375 1.046 0.778 1.162 1.243 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 38/43





KCRV 23.496448 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - 0.010 ± 0.630 -0.438 ± 1.249 0.104 ± 0.688 0.333 ± 0.677 0.176 ± 0.677 0.504 ± 1.226 0.495 ± 1.226 -0.492 ± 0.848 -0.210 ± 0.804 0.193 ± 1.244 0.124 ± 1.329 0.056 ± 0.446NIST A129 0.620 - -0.448 ± 1.249 0.094 ± 0.688 0.324 ± 0.677 0.167 ± 0.677 0.495 ± 1.226 0.486 ± 1.226 -0.501 ± 0.848 -0.219 ± 0.804 0.184 ± 1.244 0.114 ± 1.329 0.047 ± 0.446

NMiVSL 226246 1.477 1.486 - 0.542 ± 1.279 0.771 ± 1.273 0.614 ± 1.273 0.942 ± 1.632 0.934 ± 1.632 -0.054 ± 1.371 0.228 ± 1.344 0.631 ± 1.646 0.562 ± 1.711 0.494 ± 1.166NPL 221481 0.703 0.698 1.600 - 0.229 ± 0.731 0.073 ± 0.731 0.401 ± 1.256 0.392 ± 1.256 -0.596 ± 0.892 -0.314 ± 0.850 0.090 ± 1.274 0.020 ± 1.358 -0.048 ± 0.524NPL 221483 0.892 0.883 1.820 0.840 - -0.157 ± 0.721 0.171 ± 1.250 0.162 ± 1.250 -0.825 ± 0.883 -0.543 ± 0.841 -0.140 ± 1.268 -0.210 ± 1.352 -0.277 ± 0.510NPL 221485 0.747 0.739 1.665 0.728 0.770 - 0.328 ± 1.250 0.319 ± 1.250 -0.668 ± 0.883 -0.386 ± 0.841 0.017 ± 1.268 -0.053 ± 1.352 -0.120 ± 0.510NRC A138 1.520 1.511 2.287 1.450 1.267 1.381 - -0.009 ± 1.615 -0.996 ± 1.351 -0.714 ± 1.323 -0.311 ± 1.628 -0.381 ± 1.695 -0.448 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.511 1.502 2.279 1.442 1.263 1.374 1.591 - -0.987 ± 1.351 -0.705 ± 1.323 -0.302 ± 1.628 -0.372 ± 1.695 -0.439 ± 1.142


KCRV 0.449 0.445 1.460 0.520 0.697 0.552 1.395 1.387 1.142 0.820 1.166 1.231 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 39/43


Thermometer Ti / K ui (k = 1) / mK (T - Twm) / mK u c(k=1) / mK U c(k=2) / mK y minimumNIST A128 24.101929 0.168 -0.041 0.227 0.454 -1.0NIST A129 24.102011 0.168 0.041 0.227 0.454 -1.0



KCRV 24.101970 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.082 ± 0.643 -0.573 ± 1.279 0.009 ± 0.696 0.158 ± 0.685 0.177 ± 0.685 0.042 ± 1.229 -0.001 ± 1.229 -0.686 ± 0.856 -0.322 ± 0.811 0.278 ± 1.247 0.144 ± 1.335 -0.041 ± 0.454NIST A129 0.648 - -0.491 ± 1.279 0.091 ± 0.696 0.240 ± 0.685 0.259 ± 0.685 0.124 ± 1.229 0.081 ± 1.229 -0.604 ± 0.856 -0.240 ± 0.811 0.360 ± 1.247 0.226 ± 1.335 0.041 ± 0.454

NMiVSL 226246 1.630 1.552 - 0.581 ± 1.307 0.731 ± 1.301 0.749 ± 1.301 0.614 ± 1.653 0.571 ± 1.653 -0.114 ± 1.398 0.251 ± 1.371 0.850 ± 1.667 0.717 ± 1.734 0.531 ± 1.196NPL 221481 0.685 0.703 1.662 - 0.149 ± 0.735 0.168 ± 0.735 0.033 ± 1.258 -0.010 ± 1.258 -0.695 ± 0.896 -0.331 ± 0.854 0.269 ± 1.275 0.135 ± 1.362 -0.050 ± 0.527NPL 221483 0.739 0.810 1.803 0.778 - 0.019 ± 0.725 -0.116 ± 1.252 -0.159 ± 1.252 -0.845 ± 0.888 -0.480 ± 0.845 0.120 ± 1.269 -0.014 ± 1.356 -0.199 ± 0.513NPL 221485 0.754 0.827 1.821 0.792 0.712 - -0.135 ± 1.252 -0.178 ± 1.252 -0.863 ± 0.888 -0.499 ± 0.845 0.101 ± 1.269 -0.033 ± 1.356 -0.218 ± 0.513NRC A138 1.206 1.224 1.988 1.235 1.243 1.250 - -0.043 ± 1.615 -0.728 ± 1.352 -0.364 ± 1.325 0.236 ± 1.628 0.102 ± 1.697 -0.083 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.213 1.210 1.948 1.239 1.262 1.272 1.585 - -0.685 ± 1.352 -0.321 ± 1.325 0.279 ± 1.628 0.145 ± 1.697 -0.040 ± 1.142


KCRV 0.451 0.451 1.520 0.524 0.625 0.642 1.127 1.121 1.241 0.837 1.295 1.281 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 40/43



NMiVSL 226246 24.340765 0.584 0.448 0.604 1.207 -1.0NPL 221481 24.340270 0.215 -0.047 0.264 0.528 -1.0NPL 221485 24.340219 0.206 -0.098 0.257 0.514 -1.0NRC A138 24.340051 0.550 -0.266 0.571 1.142 -1.0NRC A140 24.339870 0.550 -0.447 0.571 1.142 -1.0

PTB 229074 24.340847 0.329 0.530 0.363 0.726 -1.0PTB 229075 24.340698 0.299 0.381 0.336 0.673 -1.0

KCRV 24.340317 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.023 ± 0.655 -0.574 ± 1.293 -0.079 ± 0.703 -0.028 ± 0.692 0.140 ± 1.232 0.321 ± 1.232 -0.656 ± 0.861 -0.507 ± 0.817 -0.126 ± 0.463NIST A129 0.643 - -0.552 ± 1.293 -0.056 ± 0.703 -0.006 ± 0.692 0.163 ± 1.232 0.344 ± 1.232 -0.633 ± 0.861 -0.484 ± 0.817 -0.103 ± 0.463

NMiVSL 226246 1.644 1.622 - 0.495 ± 1.318 0.546 ± 1.312 0.715 ± 1.662 0.896 ± 1.662 -0.081 ± 1.409 0.067 ± 1.382 0.448 ± 1.207NPL 221481 0.704 0.695 1.590 - 0.051 ± 0.737 0.219 ± 1.258 0.400 ± 1.258 -0.577 ± 0.898 -0.428 ± 0.855 -0.047 ± 0.528NPL 221485 0.679 0.681 1.632 0.726 - 0.169 ± 1.252 0.350 ± 1.252 -0.627 ± 0.890 -0.479 ± 0.846 -0.098 ± 0.514NRC A138 1.234 1.246 2.090 1.305 1.268 - 0.181 ± 1.615 -0.796 ± 1.353 -0.647 ± 1.325 -0.266 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.359 1.379 2.266 1.451 1.401 1.616 - -0.977 ± 1.353 -0.828 ± 1.325 -0.447 ± 1.142

PTB 229074 1.365 1.342 1.385 1.316 1.360 1.911 2.091 - 0.149 ± 0.990 0.530 ± 0.726PTB 229075 1.180 1.157 1.357 1.134 1.176 1.741 1.920 1.011 - 0.381 ± 0.673

KCRV 0.516 0.497 1.451 0.524 0.538 1.234 1.394 1.127 0.935 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 41/43


Thermometer Ti / K ui (k = 1) / mK (T - Twm) / mK u c(k=1) / mK U c(k=2) / mK y minimumNIST A128 24.446295 0.174 -0.108 0.232 0.463 -1.0NIST A129 24.446429 0.174 0.026 0.232 0.463 -1.0



KCRV 24.446403 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.134 ± 0.655 -0.686 ± 1.298 -0.075 ± 0.703 0.074 ± 0.692 0.086 ± 0.692 -0.140 ± 1.232 -0.171 ± 1.232 -0.705 ± 0.862 -0.472 ± 0.817 0.286 ± 1.250 0.188 ± 1.340 -0.108 ± 0.463NIST A129 0.693 - -0.553 ± 1.298 0.058 ± 0.703 0.207 ± 0.692 0.220 ± 0.692 -0.007 ± 1.232 -0.037 ± 1.232 -0.572 ± 0.862 -0.339 ± 0.817 0.419 ± 1.250 0.321 ± 1.340 0.026 ± 0.463

NMiVSL 226246 1.756 1.627 - 0.611 ± 1.323 0.760 ± 1.317 0.772 ± 1.317 0.546 ± 1.665 0.515 ± 1.665 -0.019 ± 1.414 0.214 ± 1.387 0.972 ± 1.679 0.874 ± 1.747 0.578 ± 1.212NPL 221481 0.702 0.696 1.704 - 0.149 ± 0.738 0.161 ± 0.738 -0.065 ± 1.258 -0.096 ± 1.258 -0.630 ± 0.899 -0.397 ± 0.856 0.361 ± 1.276 0.263 ± 1.364 -0.033 ± 0.529NPL 221483 0.691 0.787 1.845 0.779 - 0.012 ± 0.727 -0.214 ± 1.252 -0.245 ± 1.252 -0.779 ± 0.890 -0.546 ± 0.847 0.212 ± 1.270 0.114 ± 1.359 -0.182 ± 0.514NPL 221485 0.697 0.798 1.857 0.789 0.715 - -0.227 ± 1.252 -0.257 ± 1.252 -0.791 ± 0.890 -0.559 ± 0.847 0.199 ± 1.270 0.102 ± 1.359 -0.194 ± 0.514NRC A138 1.235 1.214 1.935 1.236 1.296 1.304 - -0.030 ± 1.615 -0.565 ± 1.354 -0.332 ± 1.325 0.426 ± 1.628 0.328 ± 1.699 0.032 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.250 1.210 1.907 1.243 1.317 1.326 1.587 - -0.535 ± 1.354 -0.302 ± 1.325 0.456 ± 1.628 0.358 ± 1.699 0.063 ± 1.142


KCRV 0.501 0.455 1.579 0.521 0.610 0.621 1.121 1.122 1.195 0.919 1.361 1.361 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 42/43



NMiVSL 226246 24.551814 0.588 0.460 0.607 1.215 -1.0NPL 221481 24.551375 0.216 0.021 0.265 0.529 -1.0NPL 221483 24.551221 0.207 -0.133 0.257 0.515 -1.0NPL 221485 24.551122 0.207 -0.232 0.257 0.515 -1.0NRC A138 24.551544 0.550 0.190 0.571 1.142 -1.0NRC A140 24.551501 0.550 0.147 0.571 1.142 -1.0


KCRV 24.551354 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -1.0



Thermometer Lab, S/N j →Lab, S/N i↓ NIST A128 NIST A129 NMiVSL 226246 NPL 221481 NPL 221483 NPL 221485 NRC A138 NRC A140 PTB 229074 PTB 229075 VNIIFTRI 79 VNIIFTRI 89 KCRVNIST A128 - -0.002 ± 0.655 -0.528 ± 1.300 -0.088 ± 0.703 0.065 ± 0.693 0.164 ± 0.693 -0.258 ± 1.232 -0.214 ± 1.232 -0.694 ± 0.862 -0.348 ± 0.817 0.304 ± 1.250 0.207 ± 1.341 -0.068 ± 0.463NIST A129 0.646 - -0.526 ± 1.300 -0.086 ± 0.703 0.067 ± 0.693 0.166 ± 0.693 -0.256 ± 1.232 -0.212 ± 1.232 -0.692 ± 0.862 -0.346 ± 0.817 0.306 ± 1.250 0.209 ± 1.341 -0.066 ± 0.463

NMiVSL 226246 1.605 1.604 - 0.440 ± 1.325 0.593 ± 1.319 0.692 ± 1.319 0.270 ± 1.667 0.314 ± 1.667 -0.166 ± 1.416 0.180 ± 1.389 0.832 ± 1.680 0.735 ± 1.749 0.460 ± 1.215NPL 221481 0.709 0.708 1.544 - 0.154 ± 0.738 0.253 ± 0.738 -0.169 ± 1.259 -0.126 ± 1.259 -0.606 ± 0.900 -0.260 ± 0.857 0.392 ± 1.276 0.295 ± 1.365 0.021 ± 0.529NPL 221483 0.688 0.689 1.684 0.783 - 0.099 ± 0.728 -0.323 ± 1.252 -0.279 ± 1.252 -0.759 ± 0.891 -0.413 ± 0.848 0.239 ± 1.270 0.142 ± 1.359 -0.133 ± 0.515NPL 221485 0.751 0.752 1.781 0.868 0.738 - -0.422 ± 1.252 -0.378 ± 1.252 -0.858 ± 0.891 -0.512 ± 0.848 0.140 ± 1.270 0.043 ± 1.359 -0.232 ± 0.515NRC A138 1.308 1.307 1.715 1.274 1.379 1.465 - 0.043 ± 1.615 -0.437 ± 1.354 -0.091 ± 1.326 0.562 ± 1.628 0.464 ± 1.699 0.190 ± 1.142NRC A140 1.277 1.276 1.745 1.253 1.343 1.426 1.585 - -0.480 ± 1.354 -0.134 ± 1.326 0.518 ± 1.628 0.421 ± 1.699 0.147 ± 1.142


KCRV 0.472 0.471 1.469 0.520 0.567 0.657 1.178 1.152 1.225 0.838 1.341 1.345 -


NIS

T A1

28

NIS

T A1

29

NM

iVSL

226

246

NPL

221

481

NPL

221

483

NPL

221

485

NR

C A

138

NR

C A

140

PTB

2290

74

PTB

2290

75

VNIIF

TRI 7

9

VNIIF

TRI 8

9

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

RhFe Thermometer

T Lab

- T w

tMea

n (m

K)

Appendix 4 43/43

cct key comparison no 1 (cct-k1): realisations of the its ... · the comparison has been...

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