CCSP research areas

CCS applicationsSolutions for combined heat and power (CHP) plants, multi-fuel power plants, bio-CCS, and heavy industry.

Long term breakthrough technologiesChemical looping combustion (CLC), mineral carbonation, CO₂ utilisation by algae cultivation and other novel concepts.

Monitoring technology Development of methods and technologies for monitoring of CO₂ capture and storage.

Framework for CCSRegulation, sustainability and public acceptance of CCS. Infrastructure and CO₂ storage capacity .

CCSP Program Manager:Sebastian Teir, D.Sc.Phone: +358 40 487 8117sebastian.teir@vtt.fi CLIC Innovation Ltd, c/o VTTBiologinkuja 5, Espoo, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTTFinland

CCSP Factsheet October 2015

Carbon Capture and Storage Program

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is considered to be one of the main options for reducing CO₂ emissions alongside renewable energy, more effi cient energy use and nuclear power. The concept of CCS includes capture of CO₂ produced by a power plant or an industrial plant, transportation of CO₂ to a suitable storage location, and permanent storage of CO₂ in isolation from the atmosphere. CCS could signifi cantly reduce CO₂ emissions in a relatively short time frame (10–20 years).

The objective for the Carbon Capture and Storage Program (CCSP) is to develop CCS-related technologies and concepts, leading to essential pilots and demonstrations by the end of the program. A further objective is to create a strong scientifi c basis for the development of CCS technology, concepts and frameworks, and to establish active, international CCS co-operation.

A key technology for achieving CO₂ emission reductions

Ship transportation to storage terminals

CO2 capture

(at powerplant orindustrial facility)

Storage of CO2 permanently

isolated from the atmosphere

Pipeline transportation to storage

Pipeline transportation to intermediate storage

CCSP Program Manager:

Phone: +358 40 487 8117

CLIC Innovation Ltd, c/o VTT

P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT

C L I C I N N O V A T I O N . F I

C L I C I N N O V A T I O N . F I

Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) off ers signifi cant opportunities for implementation in Finland. Being a large consumer of power and heat, Finland has a unique opportunity in integrating CCS with combined heat and power (CHP) plants. As Finland is a large consumer of biomass, adding CCS to bioenergy solutions (bio-CCS) would enable removal of CO₂ from the atmosphere. CCS is the only technology that can signifi cantly reduce CO₂ emissions, not only from power plants but from heavy industry as well: CCSP research has shown that CCS could reduce CO₂ emissions by 25–75% in steel mills. The numerous CCS applications assessed in the program will be compared to identify the most cost-eff ective CC(U)S solutions.

For the Finnish technology developers and providers CCS could provide a signifi cant market share in the future. Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a new CCS technology that benefi ts from Finnish expertise related to fl uidized bed boilers. Since CLC has been found a promising technology for bio-CCS, a pilot is being constructed to verify the suitability of CLC for biomass combustion.

Monitoring technologies is another Finnish expertise that can help making CCS a safe and secure emission reduction and improve the social acceptance of CCS. The fi rst accredited method in the world for measuring amine emissions from carbon capture facility has been developed in CCSP.

Solutions for the fi nal storage or end-use of the captured CO₂ are also being developed in CCSP. New suitable areas for geological storage of CO₂ close to Finland have been found, which would enable cheap ship transportation of CO₂ from the fi rst CCS plants. Finnish bedrock has also been suitable for building underground cavern that would function as intermediate CO₂ storage facilities close to ship terminals. Finland has also large reserves of minerals that could be used for converting CO₂ into inert carbonate minerals. The newly completed pilot unit for converting steel slag and CO₂ into a commercial calcium carbonate is a major milestone on the way. Converting CO₂ to biofuels with the help of algae cultivations is also being investigated, with plans for a pilot in India well underway.

About CLIC Innovation Ltd

The CCSP consortium is managed by CLIC Innovation Ltd. CLIC is an open innovation cluster with the mission of creating breakthrough solutions in bioeconomy, energy and cleantech. CLIC coordinates R&D&I project portfolios to construct systemic solutions which are beyond the resources of individual operators. The cluster is a cross-organizational fast-moving network. The shareholders of the nonprofi t CLIC Innovation Ltd include 30 companies and 17 universities and research institutions.

CCSP consortium members• 18 Industrial partners• 9 Research partners

CCSP Program volume:15 M€ 2011–2016

Industrial partners 51,9%Fortum Oyj 19%, Ramboll Finland Oy 14%, Vibrometric Oy 12%, Helen Oy 8%, Gasum Oy 6%, Amec Foster Wheeler Energia Oy 6%, Neste Jacobs Oy 5%, Neste Oil Oyj 5%, ÅF-Consult Oy 5%, Fortum Power and Heat Oy 4%, SSAB Europe Oy 3%, ONGC Ltd 3%, Nordkalk Oy Ab 3%, Oulun Energia 2%, Stora Enso Oyj 2%, Tapojärvi Oy 1%, Andritz Oy 1%, Outotec Oyj 1%

Research partners 48,1%VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland 44%, Aalto University 14%, Lappeenranta University of Technology 13%, Geological Survey of Finland 7%, Åbo Akademi University 5%, Tampere University of Technology 5%, University of Oulu 5%, University of Tampere 4%, Finnish Environment Institute 2%

Paving the way for CCUS

CCSP Factsheet October 2015